H/OPre-war attitudes(see Drift towards World War II handout)
IsolationismNeutrality Act (1935)
Gradual shift toward involvement
Cash and Carry
Destroyer Deal
Lend-Lease Act (repealed Neutrality Act)
Relations with Japan
Japanese fears concerning resources,
etc.
Pearl Harbor
U.S. Enters War
The Home Front
Some important wartime agencies
War Production BoardOrganized and coordinated industries to make quick, efficient transition to production of war materials.
No consumer autos were built during war.
Office of War Information
Responsible for maintaining morale – positive propaganda
Office of Price Administration
Set prices, rationed goods, fought inflation and black market – assured military
needs were met
War Labor Board
Settled disputes between business and labor
Avoided strikes and maintained morale
Fair Employment Practices Committee
Prevented employer discrimination against workersFoundation for the civil rights movement of the 1950s
H/O
Conduct of war
Two front war for the U.S.
Europe first(See War Strategy H/O)
World War II Allies
Included Great Britain, Free France, the USSR, and nationalist China.
ConferencesCasablanca, Cairo, Teheran: Planned war strategy
Yalta: (1945) planned post-war strategies
Postwar PeriodService men’s readjustment act of 1944 (GI Bill)
The United NationsOrganization favored big winners
H/OPost-War
The Cold War
The Truman DoctrinePledged aid to Greece and TurkeyContainment policyIntended to keep communism within its original borders
Marshall PlanOffered recovery assistance to all European countries
Communist countries declined
Berlin Blockade
Soviets block land access U.S. responds by air
NATODesigned to block or contain Communists, especially Soviet, expansion
Ignored George Washington’s advice against permanent alliances
H/OCold War
Communist victory in China
Nationalists flee to Taiwan
Government there recognized as China by the United States and the U.N. until Nixon
Korean War
Communist North Korea attacks South Korea, the U.N. responds
Armistice terms restore status quo
SEATO
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization is the Pacific equivalent to NATO
France, Dien Bien Phu, and our involvement in Vietnam
Antiwar demonstrations and Jane Fonda
Hungarian Revolt
Soviets crush Hungarian revolution
Aswan DamSoviets assist Egypt in building the dam
U.S. and Britain offered first but withdrew the offer
Suez Canal seizureEgypt takes control, France, Britain and Israel invade, U.S. and Soviets stop them
Superpower “diplomacy” at work
Eisenhower Doctrine
Offers aid to Middle Eastern countries who feel threatened by communism
U-2 incident
U.S. spy plane shot down over Soviet territory
Independence of African nations
Civil Wars break out all over
Cuban Revolution
Castro takes over, announces communist regime, relations with the U.S. deteriorate
Bay of Pigs
Cuban refugees, backed by the United States fail to overthrow Castro
Berlin Wall
Soviets seal off East Berlin with physical Wall
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviets attempt to place missiles in Cuba. The U.S. blockades
The “Hotline”Direct link between U.S. and USSR intended to divert nuclear disaster
First used during six day war
Nuclear test ban treaty
Allowed only underground testing
Outer Space treaty
Banned the military bases weapons and weapons tests in outer space
Nuclear nonproliferation treaty
Banned the spread of nuclear weapons among signatory nations
1969. Nixon’s visit to China
Communist China had already become the U.N. member, now President Nixon’s visit opened new friendly relations with this huge nation
Detente1972-President Nixon visited Moscow and signed several agreements including the anti-ballistic missile treaty
The Cold War eased
The Reagan RevolutionThe West wins the Cold War
The Gorbachev influence
The I.N.F. Treaty
H/O
1980 ElectionIssues
DebatesHostage crisis
Reagan and Communism
Evil Empire
Nicaragua
Latin America
Granada
1988 ElectionCandidates and issues
Bush policiesDesert Storm and Middle East policy
economicscivil rights
William Jefferson Clinton
All of this review to present will be done in
the classroom