7 th Grade Health Bone and Joint Problems. Bone and Joint Problems Bones and joints are under constant stress and sometimes pushed beyond their capacity.

77thth Grade Health Grade HealthBone and Joint ProblemsBone and Joint Problems

Bone and Joint Problems

Bones and joints are under constant stress and sometimes pushed beyond their capacity. This can happen from overuse, improper use, or from the impact of some outside force. Sports and car accidents are two leading causes of joint and bone injuries in young people.

Possible ways of creating a bone injury.

Fracture

Fracture is a break in a bone which may be partial or complete, simple or compound.

Three types of Fractures

Greenstick – most common in children

Simple (closed) – partial or complete break, bones don’t break the skin

Compound (open) – most serious, ends are torn apart and the bone is exposed to infection.

How does a bone fracture heal?

1st Step – swelling around the break, blood supply is increased

2nd Step – Periosteum makes new cells and new minerals

Callus- boney deposits form and eventually heal the bone

Types of Aids to heal bones

Casts – most common pins and plates grafting bones Artificially made bones electrical current

Who fixes my broken bone?

Orthopedist- doctor that specializes in bone disorders

Non-Union – bones don’t come back together (doctors can help to fix this)

Injured Joints

The most common joint injury is a sprain

Sprain-joint moved to far, ligaments and tendons stretched

Example of a sprain - ankle

Sprain could happen on the

landing!

Dislocation

Dislocation- when a bone moves out of a joint

Dislocation of the shoulder is a common injury - Humerus

Torn Cartilage

Torn Cartilage- tear in the cartilage tissue in a joint

Cartilage tears are common in the knees.

Arthroscopic Surgery- surgical procedure where tiny holes are made in the joint to correct a problem

Bursitis

Bursitis- An inflammation of the bursa sac

Bursa Sacs are found at the kneecap, knee joint, elbow, ankle

Bursitis is most common in the shoulder and knee.

Ruptured Disc

Ruptured Disc A ruptured disc is occurs when the

cartilage slides out of place in the vertebral column (slipped disc)

The ruptured disc may press on spinal nerves