7 Sem Cad File

7/30/2019 7 Sem Cad File

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LABORATORY MANUAL

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN LAB

ME- 406-E


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Dept. of Mechanical Engg.

Dronacharya College of Engg.

LIST OF THE EXPERIMENT

SNO NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT PAGE NO

FROM TO

1. Implementation of line drawing and circle drawingalgorithm

1 5

2.Write a program to create projection of 3-D, given

object.6 13

3 To create 2-D and 3-D write frame models of abracket.

14 19

4. To create solid cube with a hole using constructivesolid geometry on Auto CAD

20 22

5. To create the surface of diffuser section of windtunnel on Auto CAD.

23 28

6. To create a spur gear on auto CAD. 29 35

7. To create solid cube with a hole using boundaryrepresentation on Auto CAD.

36 38

8. Static deflection analysis of a cantilever with pointload at the free end using Finite element analysis

package.

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Experiment No:-01

Implementation of line drawing and circle drawing

algorithm

Introduction: Computer Aided Drafting can be done by using the graphiccommands available in HLL like BASIC, FORTRAN, PASCAL, C and C++.Since basic graphics is very popular, a detailed discussion of basic graphic isgiven. C and C++ are now been widely used for solving engineering designproblems. Hence the graphic commends in these language are also given to enablethe reader to become familiar with these languages.

Procedure:Procedure for drawing a line: Figure shows a line connecting points,P1 (75, 60) and P (215,150). This statement is;.10 SCREEN20 LINE (75, 60)-(215,150)

A line can be created in C graphic as:Line (x1, y1, x2, y2);Where (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) are the end coordinates.

Program:

1. Draw a line using DDA algorithm/*algorithm for line drawing by using DDA*/#include#include#includehorizontal (xs, xe, y)float xs, xe, y;{flot x:

for (x=xs;x


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putpixel(x, y, 78);}return;}include (x1,x2,y1,y2)float x1,x2,y1,y2;{float xs,xe,y,x,m,c,dy,dx;dx=x2-x1;dy=y2-y1;m=dy/dx;c=y1-m*x1;if(dx>0){xs=x1;y=y1;xe=x2;}else{xs=x2;y=y2;xe=x1;}for(x=xs;x


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2. Draw a line using Bresenhams algorithm.

#include conio.h#includemath.h#includestudio.h

#includegraphics.h/*Bresenhams algorithm for line drawing*/main(){int driver,mode,x1,y1,x2,y2;void line-drw(int x1 void line-drw(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2,int z);detectgraph (&driver,&mode);printf(enter the values of x1,y1,x2,y2/n);scanf(%d%d%d%d,&x1,&y1,&x2,&y2);intigraph(&driver,&mode,\\tc);line-drw(x1,y1,x2,y2,5);

getch();restorectmode();}void line-drw (int x1,inty1,intx2,inty2,int z);{register int I, distance,t;int x=0,y=0,delta_x,delta_y;int incx,incy;delta_x=x2-x1;delta_y=y2-y1;/*Computer the direction of the increment, if 0 means either a vertical

horizontal line*/if(delta_x>0)incx=1;elseif(delta_x==0)incx=0;elseincs=-1;if(delta_y>0)incy=1;elseif(delyta_y==0)incy==0;elseincy=-1

/*determine which distance is greater*/delta_x=abs(delta_x);delta_y=abs(delta_y);if(delta_x>delta_y)distance=delta_x;elsedistance=delta_y;

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/*draw the line*/for (t=0;tdistance){x-=distance;x1+=incx;} if (y>distence){y-=distance;y1+=incy;}}}

Procedure:

Procedure for drawing a circle: Figure shows a circle drawn withcenter(160,100) and radius 55.The circle statement is given as:30 CIRCLE (160,100),55

A circle can be create in C graphic as:Circles(x,y,z);Where (x,y) is the center and r is the radius.

Program:

1. Draw a circle using Bresenham,s algorithm

/*Draw a circle using Bresenham,s algorithm */#include conio.h#include math.h#include grapics.hdouble asp_ratio;main(){int driver, mode:void circle_drw(int xc, int yc, int r, int z);detectgraph(&driver,&mode);intigraph(&drive, &mode,\\tc);circle_drw(100,100,25,3);getch();restorcrtmode();}circle_drw(int xc, int yc, int r, int z){register int x,y, delta;void plot_circle(int x, int t, int k, int z);asp_ratio=1.

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Y=r;delta=3-2*r;for(x=0;x


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Experiment No 02

Write a program to create projection of 3-D, given object.

Introduction: In computer graphics a 3-D object is viewed on a 2-D display. Aprojection is a transformation that performs this conversion. Three types of projection areused in engineering practice; Parallel, Perspective and Isometric.

Program:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]: @40


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Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: Specify opposite corner: *Cancel*Command:Commansd:_circle Specify center point for circle point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tanradius)]:

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Command:Command:Commansd:_circle Specify center point for circle point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tanradius)]:Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Value must be positive and nonzero.Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Value must be positive and nonzero.Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Value must be positive and nonzero.

Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Command:Command:Commansd:_circle Specify center point for circle point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tanradius)]:Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]:Command:Command:Command: _line Specify first point:1Invalid point.Specify first point: 170,140

Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: Specify opposite corner:Command:Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]: Zero length line created at (170.0000,140.0000,0.0000)Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: 1LINE Specify first point: 170,140Specify next point or [Undo]: @401


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Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: 1LINE Specify first point: 170,140Specify next point or [Undo]: @40


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Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]: @*Cancel*Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:

Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]: @28


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Command: 1LINE Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]: @30


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Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:

Dimension text =60Command:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =29.57Command:Command:

Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =40Command:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:

Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =30Command:Command:Command:_u DIMLINEAR GROUPCommand:

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Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:

Dimension text =30Command:Command:Command:_u DIMLINEAR GROUPCommand:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or : *Cancle*Command:Command:_u GROUPCommand:

Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =99.83Command:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :

Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =40.53Command:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =9.71Command:Command:Command:_dimlinearSpecify first extension line origin or :Specify second extension line origin:Specify dimension line location or[Mtext/Text/Angle/Horizontal/Vertical/Rotated]:Dimension text =20.76

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Experiment No: 03

To create 2-D and 3-D wire frame models of a bracket.

Introduction:CADD is powerful technique to create the drawing. Traditionally thecomponents and assemblies are represented in drawings with the help of (elevation, planand view), of a bracket. Since any entity in this type representation requires only twocoordinates (X and Y), such software packages were called Two-Dimensional (2-D)drafting packages. With the evolution of CAD, most of three packages have beenupgraded to enable 3-D representation. However, 2-D representation is still the standardway of representing components.

Wire Frame Modeling: In wire frame modeling the object is represented by its.The objects appears as if it is made up of wires. In the case if complex path wire framemodels can be confusing. Some clarity can be obtained throw hidden lines elimination.

Program :Regenerating model.Auto CAD menu utilities loaded.Command: _plineSpecify start point:

Current line width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 54Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 8Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 23Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 34Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 8Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Command: regREGIONSelect objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 foundSelect objects:1 loop extracted.1 Region created.Command: extEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:

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Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -38Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.

Command: ucsCurrent ucs name: *WORLD*Enter an option [New/Move/Ortho graphic/Prev/Restore/Save/Del/Apply/?/World]:: nSpecify origin of new UCS or [ZAxis/3point/Object/Face/View/X/Y/Z]:3pSpecify new origin point:Specify point on positive portion of X-axis:Specify point on positive-Y portion of the UCS XY plane:Command:_line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:

Command:0OFFSETSpecify offset distance or[Through]:38Select object to offset or :Specify point on side to offset:Select object to offset or :Command:_line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:_line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:0OFFSETSpecify offset distance or[Through]: 10Select object to offset or :Specify point on side to offset:Select object to offset or :Command:OFFSETSpecify offset distance or[Through]:Select object to offset or :

Specify point on side to offset:Select object to offset or :Command: trTRIMCurrent settings: Projection=UCS,Edge=NoneSelect cutting edges..

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Select objects:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:

Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 found

Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:_line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: regREGIONSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects: 1 found,2 totalSelect objects: 1 found,3 total

Select objects: 1 found,4 totalSelect objects:1 loop extracted.1 region created.Command: extEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -6Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: cCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: *Cancel*Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:_line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: c

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CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:

Specify radius of circle or[Diameter]: dSpecify diameter of circle: 22Command: cCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: *Cancel*Automatic save to E:\Documents and Settings\alok jindal\LocalSettings\Temp\Drawing2_1_1_6334.sv$...Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:_erase 1 foundCommand:_uERASECommand:_uERASECommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.

CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:Specify radius of circle or[Diameter] : dSpecify diameter of circle :14Command: extEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -16Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command: ext

EXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -16Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: uniUNIONSelect objects: *Cancel*

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Command:Command: *Cancel*

Command: suSUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from.Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Select solids and regions to subtract..Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Command:Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: 2D wireframe enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_g

Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: GouraudEnter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]< Gouraud >:_hSpecify opposite corner:Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regeneration model.Command: Chamfer(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Didt1=0.0000, Dist2=0.0000

Select first line or [Polyline/Distence/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]:Base surface selectionEnter surface selection option [Next/OK(current)]:Specify base surface chamfer distance: 2Specify other surface chamfer distance:Select an edge or [Loop]: Select an edge or [Loop]:Edges must belong to base face.Select an edge or [Loop]: Select an edge or [Loop]:Automatic save to E:\Documents and Settings\alok jindal\LocalSettings\Temp\Drawing2_1_1_6334.sv$...Command:Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.Command: chPROPERTIESCommand: *Cancel*Command: cha

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CHAMFER(TRIM mode) Current chamfer Didt1=0.0000, Dist2=0.0000Select first line or [Polyline/Distence/Angle/Trim/Method/mUltiple]:

Base surface selectionEnter surface selection option [Next/OK(current)]:Specify base surface chamfer distance: :Specify other surface chamfer distance:Select an edge or [Loop]: Select an edge or [Loop]:Command:_shadmode Current mode: HiddenEnter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]< Hidden >:_gCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.Command:_qsave

Command:_qsaveCommand: listSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects:

3DSOLID Layer: 0Space: Model space

Handle = 39Bounding Box: Lower Bound X=0.0000, Y= -34.0000, Z= -38.0000Upper Bound X= 54.0000,Y=46.0000, Z=0.0000

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Experiment No:-04

To create solid cube with a hole using constructive solid

geometry on auto CAD

Introduction: A good modeling system of solid object should satisfy the followingrequirements:

1. Rigidity:- A solid object has an invariant configuration or shape whichis independent of the objects location or orientation.

2. Homogeneous 3 Dimensionality:- A solid object must have an interior

and solid boundary and cannot have a finite portion of space.3. Finiteness:- A solid must have finite portion of space.4. Finite Description:- A solid mist have a finite number of faces so that

they can be correctly represented in the computers.

Program:

Regenerating model.Auto CAD menu utilities loaded.

Command: _plineSpecify start point:Current line width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: CCommand: RE*Cancel*Command:Command: *Cancel*Command: EXTEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -66Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.

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Regenerating modelCommand:Command:

Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:Command:Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: CCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: D

Specify diameter of circle: 15Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: EXTEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -66

Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: SUSUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from.Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Select solids and regions to subtract..Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Command:Command:

Command: _shade mode Current mode: 2D wireframe enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_gCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:

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Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: Gouraud

Enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]< Gouraud >:_3Command:Command:Command:_qsaveCommand:_qsaveCommand: LISTSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects:

3DSOLID Layer:0Space: Model space

Handle = 2EBounding Box: Lower Bound X=186.1005, Y= 138.2924, Z= -66.0000Upper Bound X= 252.1005, Y=204.2924, Z=0.0000

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Experiment No:-05

To create the surface of diffuser section of wind tunnel on auto

CAD


5. Rigidity:- A solid object has an invariant configuration or shape which

is independent of the objects location or orientation.6. Homogeneous 3 Dimensionality:- A solid object must have an interior

and solid boundary and cannot have a finite portion of space.7. Finiteness:- A solid must have finite portion of space.8. Finite Description:- A solid mist have a finite number of faces so that

they can be correctly represented in the computers.

Program:Regenerating model.

Auto CAD menu utilities loaded.

Command :_splineSpecify first point or [Object]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify start tangent:Specify start tangent:Command:

Command:_erase 1 foundCommand :_splineSpecify first point or [Object]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify start tangent:Specify start tangent:

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Command:Command: *Cancel*Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command :_splineSpecify first point or [Object]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify start tangent:Specify start tangent:

Command: Specify opposite corner:Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:Command :_splineSpecify first point or [Object]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:

Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify start tangent:Specify start tangent:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: _line specify first point:Command :_splineSpecify first point or [Object]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance]:Specify start tangent:

Specify start tangent:Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: _ZoomSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP),or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window]:Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: REVSURFCurrent woreframe density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=6

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Select object to revolve:Select object that defines the axis of revolution:Command: *Cancel*

Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: PEDITSelect polyline or [Multiple]:Object selected not a polylineSelect polyline or [Multiple]Object selected not a polylineDo you want to turn it into one?Enter an option[Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: JSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects: 1 found,2 total

Select objects:0 segment added to polylineEnter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]*Cancel*Command: Specify opposite corner:Command:Command: *Cancel*Command: _ZoomSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP),or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window]:

Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: _panPress ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: _ZoomSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP),or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window]:Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: PEDITSelect polyline or [Multiple]:Object selected not a polylineSelect polyline or [Multiple]

Object selected not a polylineSelect polyline or [Multiple]Object selected not a polylineSelect polyline or [Multiple]Enter an option[Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: J

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Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects: 1 found,2 totalSelect objects:

0 segment added to polylineEnter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]*Cancel*Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:Command: _plineSpecify start point:

Current line width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:Command: FFILLETCurrent setting: Mode=TRIM, Radius=0.0000Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: RSpecify fillet radius : 20Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]:Select second object:

Command: _ZoomSpecify corner of window, enter a scale factor (nX or nXP),or[All/Center/Dynamic/Extents/Previous/Scale/Window]:Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:_uZoom Realtinme GROUPCommand:_uFILLETCommand: FFILLETCurrent setting: Mode=TRIM, Radius=0.0000Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: RSpecify fillet radius : 70

Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]:Select second object:Command:_uFILLETCommand: FFILLETCurrent setting: Mode=TRIM, Radius=0.0000Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]: RSpecify fillet radius : 100Select first object or [Polylilne/Radius/Trim/mUltiple]:

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Select second object:Command: PEDITSelect polyline or [Multiple]:Enter an option[Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]: JSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects:0 segment added to polylineEnter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype gen/Undo]*Cancel*Command:Command: *Cancel*Command: _line specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: REVSURF

Current woreframe density: SURFTAB1=6 SURFTAB2=6Select object to revolve:Select object that defines the axis of revolution:Specify start angle :Specify included angle (+=ccw,-=cw):Command: _shade mode Current mode: 2D wireframe enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_gCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.Command:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating model.Command: _shade mode Current mode: Gouraud

Enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_gCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:_u 3D Orbit GROUPCommand:_u Gouraud ShadedGROUPCommand:_u REVSURFCommand: SURFTAB1Enter new value for SURFTAB1 : 50Command: SURFTAB2Enter new value for SURFTAB2 : 50Automatic save to E:\Documents and Settings\alok jindal\Local

Settings\Temp\Drawing2_1_1_6334.sv$...Command:Command:_REVSURF

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Current woreframe density: SURFTAB1=50 SURFTAB2=50Select object to revolve:Select object that defines the axis of revolution:

Specify start angle :Specify included angle (+=ccw,-=cw):Command:Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: 2D wireframe enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_gCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:_qsaveCommand: LISTSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects:

POLYLINE Layer: 0Space: Model space

Handel=7050x53 mesh M-closedVERTEX Layer: 0

Space: Model spaceHandel=71Mesh

At point, X=163.6929, Y=239.5338, Z=0.0000VERTEX Layer: 0


At point, X=191.9433, Y=84.3783, Z=0.0000VERTEX Layer: 0


At point, X

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Experiment No: 6

To create a spur gear on auto CAD

Introduction :CADD is a powerful technique to create the drawings. Traditionally

the components and assemblies are represented in drawings with the help of (elevation,plan and end view ) , of a bracket. Since any entity in this type of representation requiresonly two coordinates ( X and Y ) , Such software packages were called Two dimensional( 2-D) drafting packages. With the evolution of CAD, most of these packages have beenupgraded to enable 3-D representation. However, 2-D representation is still the standardway of representing components.

Program:

Regenerating model.

Auto CAD menu utilities loaded.Command: _splineSpecify first point or [ Object ]:Specify next point:Specify next point or [ Close/Fit tolerance] :Specify next point or [ Close/Fit tolerance] :Specify next point or [ Close/Fit tolerance] :Specify next point or [ Close/Fit tolerance] :Specify next point or [ Close/Fit tolerance] :Command : suSUBTRACT select solids and regions to subtract from..Select Objects: 1 foundSelect Objects:Select solids and regions to subtract..Select Objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Command:_ shademode Current mode: 3D wireframeEnter option [ 2D wireframe /3DWireframe/Hidden/flat/Gouraud/flat+edges/gouraud+edges] :_f

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Command: _ 3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to displayShortcut menu.Regenerating model.

Command: _shademode Current mode: FlatEnter option [2D wireframe/3D]Wireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]:_3Command:_3dorbitPressESC or Enter to exit, or right click to display shortcut-menuRegenerating model.Command: suSUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from..Select objects: 1 foundSelect object: *Cancel*Command:_shademode current mode: HiddenEnter option [2D wireframe/3D

Wireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]:fCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or Enter to exit, or right click to displayShortcut-menuRegenerating model.Command:_ shademode current mode: FlatEnter option [2D wireframe/3DWireframe/Hidden/Flat/ Gouradd/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges] :_3Command:Specify opposite corner:Command: _3dorbit Press ESC or Enter to exit, or right click to displayShortcut-menu.

Regenerating model.Command:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand:_u 3D Wireframe GROUPCommand:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand:_u Flat Shaded GROUPCommand:_u Hidden GROUPCommand:_u SUBTRACTCommand:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand:_u 3D Wireframe GROUPCommand:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand:_u Flat Shaded GROUPCommand:_u SUBTRACTCommand:_u SUBTRACTCommand:_u SUBTRACTCommand:_u INTELLIPANCommand:_u INTELLIZOOM

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Command:_uCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u EXTRUDE

Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating model.Command:_u EXTRUDECommand:_3dorbit press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command:Command: *Cancel*Command:_u INTELLIPANCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u INTELLIZOOM

Command:_uCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_uCommand:_u INTELLIPANCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_uCommand:_u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating model.

Command:_u INTELLIPANCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u INTELLIZOOM

Command:_uCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_uCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_uCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u LISTCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u LISTCommand:_u INTELLIZOOMCommand:_u INTELLIPANCommand:_u REGIONCommand:Command: *Cancel*Command: trTRIMCurrent settings: Projection= UCS, Edge=None.

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Select cutting edgesSelect object:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]:Command:Command : _.erase 1 foundCommand: regREGIONSelect objects: 1 foundSelect objects: 1 found, 2 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 3 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 4 totalSelect objects:

1 loop extracted.1 region created.Command: extEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES = 50Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: -55Specify angle of taper for extrusion :

Command: _3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to displayShortcut-menu.Command: suSUBTRACT Select solids and region to subtract from..Select object: 1 foundSelect object: 1 found, 2 totalSelect object: 1 found, 3 totalSelect object:Select solids and regions to subtract..Select object: 1 foundSelect object:

Automatic save to E:\Documents and Setting\alok jindal\LocalSetting\Temp\BAJU4_4_1_1_6334.sv$...Command:Command: _3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to displayShortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command:Command:Command: _shademode Current mode: 3D wireframe

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Enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]:_g

Command: _3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to displayShortcut_menu.Regenerating model.Command: uniUNIONSelect objects: 1 found,Select objects: 1 found, 2 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 3 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 4 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 5 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 6 total

Select objects: 1 found, 7 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 8 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 9 total

Select objects: 1 found, 10 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 11 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 12 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 13 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 14 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 15 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 16 total

Select objects: 1 found, 17 totalSelect objects: 1 found, 18 totalSelect objects: *Cancel*Command: _u UNIONCommand: _U 3d Orbit GROUP Regenerating model.Command: _u 3D Wire frame GROUPCommand: _u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand: _u Gouraud Shaded GROUPCommand: _u 3D Orbit GROUP Regenerating modelCommand: _u SUBTRACTCommand: _uCommand: _u 3D Orbit GROUPCommand: _u EXTRUDE

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Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command: uniUNION

Select objects:1 foundSelect objects:1 found,1 totalSelect objects:1 found,2 totalSelect objects:1 found,3 totalSelect objects:1 found,4 totalSelect objects:1 found,5 totalSelect objects:1 found,6 totalSelect objects:1 found,7 totalSelect objects:1 found,8 totalSelect objects:1 found,9 totalSelect objects:1 found,10 total

Select objects:1 found,11 totalSelect objects:1 found,12 totalSelect objects:1 found,13 totalSelect objects:1 found,14 totalSelect objects:1 found,15 totalSelect objects:1 found,16 totalSelect objects:1 found,17 totalSelect objects:1 found,18 totalSelect objects:1 found,19 totalSelect objects:1 found,20 totalSelect objects:

Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command:Command:Command:_shademode Current mode:3D wireframeenter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]:_fCommand:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display shortcut-menu.Regenerating model.Command:Command:Command:_shademode Current mode:3D wireframeenter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges] :_3Command: extEXTRUECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES =50

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Select objects: 1 found,Select objects:Specify height of extrusion or [Path]: -55Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command: _3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to display

Shortcut-menuRegenerating model.Command: su*Cancel*Command:Command:Command: _shademode Current mode: GouraudEnter option [2D wireframe/3DWireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]:_gCommand: _3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right-click to displayShortcut-menu

Command:Command:Command: _shademode Current mode: GouraudEnter option [2D wireframe/3DWireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]: _hCommand: suSUBTRACT Select solids and region to subtract from..Select objects: 1 found,Select objects:Command:Command:

Command: _shademode Current mode: HiddenEnter option [2D wireframe/3DWireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edges/gOuraud+edges]: _fCommand:Command:Command:_qsaveCommand: listSelect objects: 1 found,Select objects:

3DSOLID Layer: 0Space: Model space

Handle = 6ABounding Box: Lower Bound X = 217.3609, Y = 91.1144, Z = -55.0000

Upper Bound X = 341.3609, Y = 215.1144, Z = 0.0000

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Experiment No:-07

To create solid cube with a hole using boundary representation on auto

CAD


9. Rigidity:- A solid object has an invariant configuration or shape whichis independent of the objects location or orientation.

10. Homogeneous 3 Dimensionality:- A solid object must have aninterior and solid boundary and cannot have a finite portion of space.

11. Finiteness:- A solid must have finite portion of space.

12. Finite Description:- A solid mist have a finite number of faces so thatthey can be correctly represented in the computers.

Program:Regenerating model.Auto CAD menu utilities loaded.Command: _plineSpecify start point:Current line width is 0.0000Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66

Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: 66Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: CCommand: RE*Cancel*Command:Command: *Cancel*Command: EXTEXTRUDECurrent wire frame density: ISOLINES=4

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Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -38Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.

Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Regenerating model.Command:Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:Specify next point or [Undo]:Command:Command:Command: _line Specify first point:Specify next point or [Undo]:

Specify next point or [Undo]:Command: CCIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]:Specify radius of circle or[Diameter]:DSpecify diameter of circle: 15Command:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand:Command:_erase 1 foundCommand: EXTEXTRUDE

Current wire frame density: ISOLINES=4Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Specify height of the extrusion or [Path]: -66Specify angle of taper for extrusion :Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command: SUSUBTRACT Select solids and regions to subtract from.Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Select solids and regions to subtract..Select objects: 1 foundSelect objects:Command:

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Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: 2D wireframe enter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]:_g

Command:_3dorbit Press ESC or ENTER to exit, or right click to display short cut menu.Command:Command:Command: _shade mode Current mode: GouraudEnter option [2D wireframe/3Dwireframe/Hidden/Flat/Gouraud/fLat+edge/gOuraud+edges]< Gouraud >:_3Command:Command:Command:_qsaveCommand: LISTSelect objects: 1 found

Select objects:3DSOLID Layer: 0Space: Model space

Handle = 2EBounding Box: Lower Bound X=186.1005, Y= 138.2924, Z= -66.0000Upper Bound X= 252.1005,Y=204.2924, Z=0.0000.