64

ISSUE 07/08

Roof Design & Good PracticeIdeally all flat roofs should be inspected once every six months, in the Spring and Autumn.Only once you are satisfied that it is safe, should you go onto the roof. Always make suresomeone reliable is either watching you or checking on your welfare every few minutes. Checkthe outlets, projections, gutters, rooflights and flashing. If any of the surface chippings havebecome displaced they should be swept back into position.

In Autumn it is important to check that fallen leaves do not block the gutters and outlets, whichcould cause water to pond. Do not flush anything down the outlets.

In Spring it is also the time to look for frost damage to the pointing which may allow the roofstructure to become damp.

Prior to venturing onto the roof, look for evidence of sagging, leaks, condensation or decayfrom below and/or overlooking windows. If the decking is visible from below test the integrityof the deck by pushing from the underside with a blunt pole. Chipboard, particleboard, woodfibre and woodwool decks are particulary vulnerable to decay. Even if a roof has not leaked,decks (like certain grades of chipboard) may have been severely affected by condensation andmay be unstable and fragile. It is quite possible to fall through a weakened roof structure andinjure yourself. If in doubt, get expert advice before accessing your roof.

DOs & DON’TsDO deal with a leak as soon as it is noticed.DO check with the original specification to identify the roof build up.DO consider repair now rather than costly replacement later.DO check before and after any work is carried out on or near the flat roof. In this way damagecaused by other people will be easily identifiable.DON’T use the roof as a working platform for adjoining buildings.Where access is required, protection must be given so as not to damage the waterproofingmembrane.DON’T allow other people to fix units through the waterproofing membrane without properadvice. This is especially important when having television aerials, satellite dishes andtelephone cables installed.DON’T drop cement, paint or solvents on the roof, as these will damage the surface.

BITUMINOUS FLAT ROOFING,UNDERSLATING & SHINGLESRoofing systems and maintenanceproducts have come a long way inrecent years; with the high performancebitumen felt membranes now having alife expectancy of up to 20 years. Wehave seen the arrival of superiorperformance felts with new applicationtechniques including torch-on and selfadhesive, instead of the traditional‘pour and roll’ method of bituminousflat roofing, which uses bitumen heatedto over 200ºC. Traditional fibre basedfelts can age quickly, become brittleand be easily damaged throughweathering. Repairs can always bemade to extend the life of the roof for a

short while but in the long run, acomplete re-covering is the only realanswer.

Today roofing felts are usually referredto as ‘bituminous reinforcedmembranes’ and while the felts maylook much the same as yesterday’s, theperformance and materials used in theirdevelopment have improveddramatically, increasing resistance toaging and weathering. Thesedevelopments have helped ensure thatroofing felts meet customer needs andthat of Building Regulations. One of thelatest developments in roofing felt is a

high performance 'cold applied' SelfAdhesive system, such as Wickes EasySeal. This eliminates the need for hotbitumen, gas torches or liquid roofingadhesive.

The purpose of this leaflet is tointroduce you to some of the roofingmaterials and application methods nowavailable, advise on common problemsand guide you through the Wickes flatroofing systems, enabling you to makeinformed choices, be confident usingthe products, safely, quickly and at asensible cost.

64

KEEP INFORMED• Look for other Good Idea

Leaflets that could help youwith your current project.

• Check that your Good IdeaLeaflets are kept up to date.Leaflets are regularly changedto reflect product changes sokeep an eye on issue dates.

• If you would like to be put onour mailing list for the Wickesbooklet, call our Freephonenumber which is:

0500 300 328• Visit our website at

www.wickes.co.uk

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 1

Leaking RoofShould you find a leak, don’t worry, one ofthe Wickes Roof Repair Products (shown inWickes Good Idea Leaflet 99) will get youout of trouble in the short term. This shouldallow you to plan your project for a moreconvenient time - but don’t just ignore theleak, no matter how small, it will get larger,and possibly very quickly!

What next:• Decide whether to call in a

Trades person, do the job yourself,or get a friend to help.

• Plan, and cost your job.

• Make a shopping list.

• Decide if you need to replacethe deck.

• If it’s a new flat roof on a habitable building, it may be necessary to contact your local buildingcontrol office.

• DON’T be tempted to cut corners; this will probably cost you twice as much, in time, effort and money,later on.

• DO the job correctly first time. With good preparation and materials it will last a long time.

Which system do I use?Roof covering options range from thetraditional rag based bitumen based felts, tothe most modern, technically advanced andvery simple to use, self-adhesive coverings.

Our recommended solution is the coldlay method using the self-adhesive‘Wickes Easy Seal’.

Roofing Felt Performance Selector* Minimum 20º roof pitch.

** Minimum 15º roof pitch for normal exposure roof with 1 or 2 layer High Performance underlay - otherwise minimum 20 º pitch.

*** These products are suitable for use on habitable buildings

What do I need to Know?The first point to be made is, when re-covering aroof, all old felt must be removed and thesurface on which it was laid must be carefullychecked and if necessary, made good. If roofingfelt has been defective for some time, there isevery chance that constant wetting may havecaused damage, and rot may be present ordeveloping. Any damaged timber or boardingmust be replaced, including fascia timbers,angle fillets, drip battening, decking andoccasionally the supporting joists. It is a costlymistake to put new covering over a less thanperfect surface.

Building RegulationsIt is important to be aware of the existingBuilding Regulations concerning the design andconstruction of flat roof structures. In newconstructions and some re-roofing projects, itmay be necessary to consult your local councilBuilding Control office with regards tocompliance with Building Regulations. Forinformation relating to current insulationrequirements, refer to Part L1 and L2.

Design considerationsOn a flat roof, the waterproofing is alwayssupported by a structural roof deck. This isusually a timber boarding of some type, which inturn is supported on joists.

With the exception of garages, most roofs abovethe habitable part of the house requireinsulation.

The most common method is where theinsulation is located immediately above theceiling. This is known as a cold roof (Fig. 1).In cold weather, the roof could be prone tocondensation if adequate through-ventilationis not provided. Refer to BS 6229: 2003.Alternatively, the insulation may be placedabove the roof deck. This is known as thewarm roof design (Fig. 2): If using the preferred Easy SealSystem then the insulation used must be ofan urethane/plywood composite board withthe plywood face on the top surface.

DECK MATERIALS

It is important that the right materials areused for constructing or strengthening a flatroof deck.

The following are some commonly usedtypes:

Plywood Deck (Recommended)

This should be exterior grade type WBPbonded in accordance with BS 6566: Part 8:1995. A minimum thickness of 18mm isrecommended. This can be purchased fromany Wickes Store.

OSB 3 Bituminised & Conditioned DeckingOriented Strand Board (OSB) should be aminimum thickness of 18mm and bemanufactured in accordance with BS EN 300: Part 3: 1992.OSB 3 Bituminised decking can bepurchased from any Wickes stores.

OSB 3 Conditioned decking – selectedstores only.

Timber boardingWhere an existing deck comprises ofminimum 18mm close boarded tongued andgrooved timber, it is recommended that ourExterior WBP 6mm plywood be used tooverlay the deck. This should be installed toprovide a smooth homogeneous surfaceonto which the Easy Seal System can bond.This can be purchased from any WickesStore. Should damage be discovered, anddepending on the extent, it may simply be a

*Fine Green Mineral Shed

Felt

*Super Shed Felt

Trade Traditional

Roofing Felt

***High Performance

Polyester Roofing Felt

***Torch On ***Easy Seal Self Adhesive

**Wickes Roofing Shingles

***Reinforced Slaters Felt under slates

or tiles

***Wickes Breathable Membrane

under slates or tiles

Hutch/Kennel/Small Garden Shed

Yes

1 Layer (5 Years)

Yes

1Layer(15 Years)

Yes

2 or 3 Layer (10 Years)

Yes

1 Layer (10 Years)

No No Yes

25 Years

No No

Quality Garden Buildings/Detached Garages/

Workshops

No Yes

1 Layer (15 Years)

Yes

2 or 3 Layer (10 Years)

Yes

2 or 3 Layer (15 Years)

Yes

2 or 3 Layer (15 Years)

Yes

2 Layer (20 Years)

Yes

25 Years

Yes

1 Layer

Yes

1 Layer

Attached Garages/

Extensions/ Dormer

Windows

No No No Yes

2 or 3 layer (15 Years)

Yes

2 or 3 Layer (15 Years)

Yes

2 Layer (20 Years)

No Yes

1 Layer

Yes

1 Layer

Habitable Tiled Roofs

No No No No No No No Yes

1 Layer

Yes

1 Layer

Note: All life expectancies and performance assume fitting in accordance withmanufacturers’ instructions, to a good sound base.

Ventilated roof void

Waterproofingsystem

Deck

Insulation

Ceiling

Vapour control layer

Vapour control layer

Waterproofingsystem

Insulation

Ceiling

Fig. 1 Cold roof

Fig. 2 Warm roof

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 2

case of replacing a board or two, assumingthey are in a position that will allow for easyreplacement. This then would be the preferredsolution although you’ll still need the 6mmPlywood overlay.

If the damage to the timber tongued andgrooved decking is extensive, it would makemore sense to remove all the close boardedtimber and replace with 18mm Plywood.

Note: If any rot is found, or suspected, thetimber must be removed. All surrounding woodshould be treated, before fixing newtimber/decking.

ChipboardAlthough frequently used for garden buildings,and some garages, it is not suitable forhabitable building roofs, and as a rule ofthumb, it is generally not suitable for roofs withceilings.

If chipboard is to be used, it should be amoisture resistant P5 grade.

ConcreteCommon in roofs to blocks of flats and somepre-war houses, concrete is a stable andreliable deck material. If this needs repair,provision should be made for drying out beforeany priming or waterproofing covering is laid.

Essential for a successful flat roofLike any part of a building’s exterior, flat roofsshould be constructed to withstand natural andhuman forces with the minimum of attention. Iflaying large sheets of decking such as 8ft by4ft Plywood, do not tightly butt joint them.Leave a 4mm gap on the short lengths and2mm gap along the long edges to allow forexpansion.

Protection from rain & snowThe finished roof should have a slope thatachieves at least 1 in 80. With a new deck itssensible to design it with a 1 in 40 fall to besure. It is best to drain the roof to one or twoedges. Conventional eaves gutters are betterthan internal outlets.

Internal outlets should be adequately sized todeal with storm conditions and be fitted withclamping rings, leaf and gravel guards.

The waterproofing should extend up adjacentwalls at least 150mm from the finished roofsurface in all situations. The top edge of feltshould be protected by a cover flashing.

Protection from sun and frostIt pays to insulate: heating bills will be lower inthe winter, and rooms will be cooler in thesummer. Insulation of new flat roofs mustsatisfy the Building Regulations, Part L1and L2.

Protection from condensationCold roofs should have adequate throughventilation in the void space

All insulated roofs require a vapour control layer.

Protection from the windAll roofs should be constructed to resist wind forces.

For buildings in exposed locations, or areasprone to extremes of weather, you canobtain additional advice from your localBuilding Control Office.

Protection from peopleDon’t let people walk or work on your roofwithout first protecting the surface andsupporting the structure if necessary.

If the use of the roof is changed, thestructure may have to be strengthened.

Weather & TemperatureNow you have assembled all the materials,tools and equipment you need, the finalconsideration before beginning your roofingjob is the weather. Try to ensure that theweather will be dry all day and if possiblethat conditions are warm. NB. Do not startremoving existing roof coverings untilweather conditions have been confirmedand all the materials for the job have beenassembled and checked ready for use.

Wickes Easy Seal Roofing System is easiestto use at a temperatures above 10°C. If it isdifficult to achieve this temperature whilstworking on the roof, it is recommended thatthe material be stored in a warmenvironment for 24 hours prior to use. If it isnecessary to work on the roof in coldweather, then the gentle warming of theadhesive side of the felt with an electric hotair paint stripper or similar (not a nakedflame) will help the adhesive properties ofthe material. Also warm the material prior tofolding. If temperatures become extreme it isadvisable to postpone the project until morefavourable temperatures pertain.

Make good & mendInspect the condition of the existing roofstructure and deck prior to commencementof roofing. Make any structural repairs that arenecessary and ensure that the surface area ofthe roof is free from obstructions, smooth, cleanand dry prior to the beginning of the project.

The right sequenceIt is advisable to plan the sequence of yourroofing job to ensure that you have the rightmaterials at the right time. If in doubt, readthe instructions through completely firstnoting the sequence in which you will usethe materials.

Safe working practiceWhen working at height HSE guidelinesdictate that a safety guardrail must beerected around the perimeter of the roof andladders should be fixed to the guardrail andsecured at the foot to prevent slipping. Forfurther information, seek professionaladvice, contact the HSE on 0845 345 0055or visit www.hse.gov.uk

Working at heights – The facts• According to the Health & Safety

Executive approximately 4,000 people per year suffer from serious injuries and 50 are killed as a result of falling from height.

• Falls are the largest cause of fatalities in the work place.

• 60% of all major injuries are caused from falls below 2 metres.

• Nearly a quarter of all fatalities and major injuries are caused by falls from ladders.

The Working at Height Regulations (WAHR), introduced during 2005, purpose is to reduce the number of accidents associated with Workingat Height.

To achieve this they adoptthree basic principles:i) If practicable, avoid working at height

ii) Use the most suitable equipment and method of work to prevent falls

iii) Reduce the consequences of any fall by use of appropriate fall arrest systems.

Employers, Employees and the Self-employed, undertaking work at height, willbe affected by the Regulations.

WICKES EASY SEAL SELF ADHESIVE ROOFING SYSTEM

The Easy Seal system has been developedto make flat roofing safe, straightforward andeconomical for the DIY’er, jobbing builderand the roofing professional. Only a fewtools are required. Wickes Easy SealSystem is a self-adhesive polyester based;SBS polymer modified bitumen coated roofcovering. The cap sheet is surfaced withattractive green slate granules that requiresno further treatment. The system has a BBAcertificate 02/3916 for use on habitablebuildings, and an external fire rating ofF.A.C. The Wickes Easy Seal systemcomplies with Building Regulations:England, Wales, Scotland and NorthernIreland.

It is one of the cleanest, simplest andquickest covering systems available. It isideal for homeowners with only basic DIYskills and a limited tool kit, right through toexperienced tradesman, who need a strong,long life, safe, flame free system.

Note: This system is not suitable foroverlaying existing roof felts unless anisolating layer is fixed over on the flat roofarea. Securely fixed 6mm minimum WPBplywood is suitable, available in store. Theexisting waterproofing to all of the detailswould still need to be removed. For EasySeal to work properly it needs a smoothfirm, clean and dry surface to adhere to.

Wickes Easy Seal S.A. (Self Adhesive) Primer The primer should be applied to all timber,concrete, screed, metal and masonrysurfaces, prior to applying the Easy SealUnderlay. Leave until it is touch dry. Pre-bituminised boards do not need priming. Theupper surface of the underlay itself does notneed priming prior to laying the cap sheet.

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 3

Supplied in 2.5 and 5 litre tins. One litreshould be sufficient for 4-6m2 of roof area.

Wickes High Performance Felt Lap Adhesive.This is used to seal the Easy Seal cap sheetwhere it is being applied to a green slatesurface, i.e. end laps and upstand details.Supplied in 310ml cartridges. The cartridgewill fit standard cartridge (skeleton) gun.Coverage is approximately 3 linear metres, ata bead width of 8-10mm.

Wickes Easy Seal Self Adhesive Roofing System.The amount of materials required for any flatroof will depend on how simple or complexthe roof construction is. The number ofchanges of surface level, water run-offs,curves, flashings, and gutters will determinethe amount of material required. Thefollowing gives a rough guide to calculatethe basic requirements.

Wickes Easy Seal Underlay and Wickes Easy Seal Cap SheetUnderlay is supplied in 8 x 1m rolls and capsheet in 6 x 1m rolls. Calculate the flat areaof your roof in square metres (see Fig. 3),length x width. Add 10% for laps andwastage. Add to this the total linearmetreage of the upstand detail (theabutment with main house, if applicable) ofyour roof multiplied by 0.3m.

Where there are larger upstand details suchas parapet walls the multiplier of 0.3m willnot be adequate; additional material willhave to be allowed for.

Divide total square metres by eight forunderlay and six for cap sheet to give youthe number of rolls you need.

Here is a helpful formula:Flat roof area (length x width) = m2

10% for laps etc.

(area m2 x 0.1 m) = m2

Roof perimeter x 0.3 m** = m2

Total = m2

Divide by 8 for underlay = rolls requiredDivide by 6 for cap sheet = rolls required

Note: m2 coverage is given as a generalguide only.

Quantities of primer, membrane and masticmay need to increase if roof edges are longand shapes and details are intricate orcomplex.Wickes Easy Seal S.A. Primer and WickesHigh Performance Felt Lap Adhesive shouldbe kept sealed in a cool, dry, well-ventilatedenvironment. All practical precautions shouldbe taken to protect from fire. For Safety datainformation call the helpline number at the endof this guide.

Use only in a well-ventilated area, and awayfrom sources of ignition.

Read and follow all roofing product safetyinstructions, and use recommendedpersonal protective equipment consisting ofgloves, overalls and boots.

Additional materials required for detailing(All available at Wickes)

Galvanised Clout NailsClout nails should be 20mm long with extralarge heads, and calculated on the basis oftwenty-one nails per linear metreage run ofroof at the kerbs and gutter edges.

Angle FilletsTimber angle fillets can be bought alreadycut to a triangular section, 75 x 75mm.Wickes Arris Fencing Rails are ideal. See Fig. 4 & 5.

Drip BattensLengths of timber Approx., 50 x 25mm.Wickes exterior sawn treated 22 x 47mmtimber is ideal. See Fig. 4 & 6.

Kerb Edge BattensLengths of timber Approx., 75 x 50mm.Wickes exterior sawn treated 47 x 75mmtimber is ideal. See Fig. 4.

Hardboard formers Cut hardboard formers from sheets availableat Wickes, 75mm wide, and prime withWickes Easy Seal S.A. Primer. See Fig. 4 & 6.

Tools Required (All available at Wickes)• A tape measure

• Trimming knife complete with a straight edged blade and hooked blade

• Straight Edge

• Claw Hammer

• 75mm to 100mm wide paint brush

• Soft headed broom or cloth

• Flat blade spreader or trowel

• Cartridge (skeleton) gun

• Wood saw

• Hot air gun to aid application on cool days

General Wickes Easy Seal Roofing components ifused during the winter months should bestored at between 10°C and 25°C for 24hours prior to use. It should not be laid attemperatures below 5°. If applied attemperatures between 5°C and 10°C themembrane should be gently warmed at all ofthe details that involve folding and at all side

and end laps to ensure proper sealing. Usea Wickes hot air gun for this purpose. Theheat should be just sufficient to warm themembranes, do not melt the components ormake them hot.

New roofsFor new roof structures, first ensure thatmaterials to be used are suitable forpurpose (refer to Roof Design, felts anddeck materials), or call the Helpline numberat the end of this leaflet).

Existing roofsRead the General Section on Safety aboutthe risks of injury due to falling through oroff the roof before venturing onto it.

For an existing roof, where the materialneeds replacing, strip off all old roofing feltand covering, then fill knots, large holes andgaps in the timber or other material decksurface. Flatten or cut off any projectionsthat may interrupt or interfere with thesmooth line of new roofing felt. If the surfaceis still too rough or uneven it may bepossible to fix an overlay of WPB Plywoodminimum 6mm thick so as to give an idealflat smooth surface.

Check KerbsTimber kerbs firmly fixed to the deck alongan edge of a roof to prevent water run-offand direct water to the drip/gutter edge. See Fig. 4.

The welted drip detail gives a neat matchingfinish and will reduce the risk of water thathas been blown over the Check Kerbmaking its way into the roof structure. Thewelted drip is formed out of Easy SealCapsheet, firmly fixed drip battens andhardboard strips. See Fig. 4.

UpstandsThe point on a roof where the deck meets avertical surface such a wall. The internalangle should be filled with an angle filletfixed firmly to the deck. The roofing felt mustalways be dressed up the vertical surface byat least 150mm above the roof surface. Themembrane is usually fixed into a chase orunderneath a flashing. See FIG. 5.

FlashingA lead or roofing material strip that has beenlet into a mortar line or cut into masonry andsealed to allow the run-off of rainwater from

Underlay

Welted drip

Clout nail

HardboardFormer 75mmwide

Drip batten50 x 25mm

Fascia raisedto top of check kerb

Kerb Edge batten 75 x 50mm

Angle fillet 75 x 75mm

Capsheet

Deck

UpstandCheck kerb

Drip edge

FIG. 3

FIG. 4

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 4

the wall surface. The lower edge of theflashing strip will overlap the top edge ofroofing material to ensure a weathertightseal.

The Wickes Good Idea Leaflet No. 22 “Howto use Wickes lead sheet and accessories”gives further information. See Fig. 5.

Welted Drip to Gutter EdgeThe drip/gutter edge is the point on the roofwhere the water runs off into the gutter. Thewelted drip is formed out of Easy SealCapsheet, firmly fixed timber battens andhardboard strips. It is designed to ensure theeffective run-off of rainwater into the gutter.See Fig. 6.

PREPARATION & TRIMING

Prime surfacesPrime all deck and detail surfaces withWickes Easy Seal S.A. Primer, ready toreceive the Wickes Easy Seal Roofing Felt.Prime all walls up to and including the chasefollowing the instructions on the Wickes EasySeal S.A. Primer can. Generally the productis touch dry in one hour and is then suitablefor the application of the underlay. In practiceit’s normal to leave a section of the roof clearat the ladder point so as to act as a workingand storage area until last underlay stripsneed to be laid.

Important: Wickes Easy Seal S.A. Primer isnot a waterproof coating for flat roofs; it isonly preparing the deck surface to receivethe Wickes Easy Seal Underlay felt. Using

other primers may result in incompatibilitywith the Easy Seal Underlay.

APPLYING THE WICKES EASY SEAL UNDERLAY

Measuring & lying outWicks Easy Seal underlay has a non-removable polythene top surface and anadhesive under surface protected by releasepaper.

Lay out the underlay with the release paperintact and cut the underlay to the sizerequired.

Note: It’s best to use a hooked blade andmetal straight edge when cutting.

The underlay will usually be laid in stripsrunning parallel with the gutter/drip edge.The first strip of underlay should be cut tohalf its width along its length. This will allowfor staggered joints when applying the capsheet. The length of each strip requiredshould provide for covering angle fillets asnecessary.

If the length of the roof is longer than an 8mroll, allowance should be made for overlaps of75mm where two ends of roll join.

Allowance should be made for roofingmaterial to form the upstands. With thecorrect amount of underlay strips cut, you are ready to apply the self-adhesiveunderlay to the deck.

Start at the gutter edgeStarting from the lowest point of the roof (thegutter/drip edge) lay out the first felt strip inits correct position on the roof. This first stripof underlay should be laid as shown in fig. 6.Next, roll half of the strip back towards thecentre to expose the release paperunderneath.

At a point close to the centre of the strip thathas been folded back, carefully cut therelease paper across the width of the rollwith a trimming knife using a new straightedged blade without cutting through theunderlay. If the release paper is not cleanlycut all the way across, it will not separateproperly.

Peel the paperPeel back some of the release paper toexpose that part of the underlay, which isnow ready for sticking to the deck. You willbe, therefore, working from the centre of thestrip towards a roof side edge.

Gradually peel back a section of the releasepaper at a time whilst pressing down theself-adhesive side of the underlay onto thedecking, using a rag or softheaded broom toeliminate air bubbles.

Where two ends of strip need to be joined,overlap the ends by 75mm and ensure thatall overlaps face the same direction.

All joins should be staggered so that no twooverlaps appear in the same position onadjacent strips.

Securely press the underlay into any anglesthat are encountered; acute angles can bemore easily stuck with pressure from a cloth,soft broom or, if necessary, a wallpaper rolleror similar.

Repeat this procedure for the other half ofthe membrane.

Then repeat this procedure for each strip orstrips, starting at the centre of the stripworking to one side and then repeating theprocess to the other side.

Each additional strip should overlap eachlower strip along its length by 75mm.

Up the wallIf there is a vertical wall where the highestpoint of the deck ends, the underlay willneed to go up the wall by 150mm from thefinished roof surface. It is usually easier to dothis with separate pieces of membrane cut tothe required size.

Cover all areasFinally, check that all areas of the decking,kerbs and upstands are covered withunderlay and that any trapped air bubbleshave been removed to achieve as smooth asurface as possible.

Where there are internal and externalcorners to be waterproofed, the membranewill need to be cut and positioned accordingto instructions.

APPLYING WICKES EASYSEAL CAPSHEET TO EAVES & VERGES

The Gutter/Drip Edges formed in the capsheet. See Fig. 7.These strips form the welted drip edge at thelowest point of the roof i.e. where rainwater willbe required to run off the roof into a gutter. Thewidth measurement of the cap sheet strips willbe twice the width of the hardboard formerplus a minimum of 150mm to go back onto theroof. The length of the strips is determined bythe length of the drip edge with an allowancefor overlaps. First cut sufficient strips toaccommodate the length of the roof.

Next nail the capsheet strips, starting from oneend of the roof and working along the drip edge,carefully nail, using clout nails, the first strip ofcapsheet to the drip batten, with the releasepaper peeled back slightly to expose the self-adhesive underside of the capsheet.

The top edge of the cap sheet will be flushwith the top of the drip batten and theremainder of the strip is hanging down with theself-adhesive side facing away from the roofand the slate green mineral side facing thebuilding. For the moment leave all the releasepaper in position only peeling back sufficient to

Underlay

Drip Batten

Capsheet

Clout Nail

Hardboard Former

75mm Wide

FIG. 6

Underlay

Capsheet

Angle Fillet

CapsheetStrip

Flashing

Wedge

150m

m m

in.

FIG. 5

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 5

expose enough of the self-adhesive side tonail onto the drip batten.

With all of the strips across the length of thegutter/drip edge in place, hanging down like acurtain off this edge, take the primedhardboard formers and nail them, using thelarge head clout nails, to the drip batten, sothat the capsheet strips are sandwichedbetween the hardboard former and the dripedge batten.

The selvedge edgeAlong one edge, on the top (green slatemineral) surface of Wickes Easy SealCapsheet, is a strip of release paper coveringa self-adhesive strip. (This selvedge edge is foroverlapping and sticking one piece ofcapsheet to another to form a weathertightseal). You should always ensure that theselvedge is on the side where your next pieceof capsheet is to be applied.

Fold over weltsRemove the remainder of the release paperfrom the self-adhesive underside of thecapsheet and draw the capsheet up over thehardboard former and onto the roof to stick tothe Underlay that is already in place. At thepoint where these capsheet strips meet thekerb areas, the capsheet should be cut toavoid creases and folds. See Fig. 7.

Note: The portion of the capsheet strip that ison the roof will be covered by a further stripof capsheet, detailed in later steps, to form atough, watertight seal. Corner detailing, See Figs. 8 & 9.

Kerb edgesFinishing the kerb edges is the sameprocedure as making the welted edge on thegutter/drip edge, but the finishing sheet willneed to be bonded to the slate green surfacewith the lap mastic. See Section: Raised Roof Edges and Upstands.

Applying Wickes Easy Seal Capsheet toMain Roof Area.

Measure & layoutThe Capsheet is laid in the same direction asthe underlay. The strip of capsheet should belaid out with the selvedge edge to the middleor where the next roll of felt is to come.Lay out and cut the capsheet strips to size inexactly the same way as the underlay,allowing for a minimum 75mm lap over thedrip/gutter detail that’s already been laid atthe drip/gutter edge. Lay out the cap sheetwith the release paper intact and cut thecapsheet to the size required. Ensuring thatend laps and side joints do not coincide withthose of the underlay. Use the same methodof applying as for underlay. The capsheetwill be laid in strips running with the jointsstaggered but not overlapping anyunderlay joint.

Where two ends of strip need to be joined,overlap the ends by 75mm and ensure that alloverlaps face the same direction. All joinsshould be staggered so that no two overlapsappear in the same position on adjacent strips.

Securely press the capsheet into any anglesthat are encountered. Repeat the procedure

for all strips of capsheet until the deck areais completely covered. Upstands arecompleted once the main area of the roof is done. See Figs. 10, 11 &12.

To seal the capsheet, where it is beingapplied to a green slate surface, i.e.drip/gutter edges, end laps and upstanddetails, use Wickes High Performance FeltLap Adhesive.

Applying Wickes High PerformanceFelt Lap AdhesiveApply a generous snaking 5mm bead ofWickes High Performance Felt Lap Adhesiveto the topside of the lower cap sheet surface,across a band of 75mm or so. Using aspreader, spread the Lap Adhesive evenlyover the surface of the capsheet.

Galvanised clout nails approx.50 mm apart

Hardboard former

Fascia

Drip batten

Position of cut-out

1 m150 mm min

150 mm min

150 mm min

150 mm min

Lapping of welts

Fold over of lower welt

50 mm

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

150 mm min

Timber water check

Drip batten

Hardboard former

Drip of depth batten plus 25 mm

Depth of drip batten and

water check plus 25 mm

Width of water checkDepth of water check

75 mm min150 mm min

Galvanised clout nails approx. 50 mm apart

Lapping of welts

Fold over sequence

150 mm min.

Fascia

Drip batten

150 mm min.

150 mm min.

150 mm min.

Hardboard former

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

150 mm min.

100 mm

Welted drip at eaves or verge Junction of drip edge and check kerb

Welted drip at internal corner

FIG. 7

FIG. 8

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 6

Firmly press the top strip of capsheet downonto the Lap Adhesive to join the twosurfaces together in a watertight bond.

On the typical flat roof the remaining areas tobe finished are the edges and the upstands.

Tip – If you have spots of adhesive orexcessive bitumen spoiling another wiseperfect job, rub together two pieces of wastecapsheet and collect the resulting slategranules onto a sheet of paper material. Pourthis onto any excess; it will stick leaving aprofessional looking finish.

Note: Additional advice for the Wickes EasySeal Roofing System is available bycontacting the helpline shown at the end ofthis leaflet.

Further advice on installing Wickes roofingproducts is available by contacting thehelpline shown at the end of this leaflet.

RAISED ROOF EDGES & UPSTANDSSee Figs. 10, 11 & 12.

WICKES TORCH-ON CAPSHEET & UNDERLAY

These are excellent tough polyester basedroofing felts, with an APP polymer modifiedbitumen coating applied during manufacture,so that a boiler and separate bondingbitumen are not required. All that is requiredis the heat from a suitable torch. The APPstands for atactic polypropylene , whichoffers improved flexibility over oxidisedbituminous systems. They have on theirreverse side a non-removable thermofusiblefilm, this is to stop the membrane stickingprior to use and it should not be removed.Designed for use by experienced andcompetent roofers, it is generally not suitablefor DIY’ers.

The system incorporates a polyester basedunderlay and the top cap sheet is surfacedwith green slate granules. The system issuitable for use on habitable buildings, andan external fire rating of F.A.C. when testedto BS 476 Part 3:2004. The Wickes Torch-Onsystem correctly installed complies withBuilding Regulations: England, Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Never assume that a job is suitable for torch-applied materials. Some jobs are simply toodangerous. This applies particulary to detailswhere combustible materials may be hiddenfrom view or to material stored near thetorching operation. For these jobs considerusing the flame free Wickes Easy Seal SelfAdhesive System also featured in this guide.

Torch-on products are installed using apurpose made roofing gas torch. They canbe torched directly onto sound, unchipped,clean and dry existing waterproofing. See Fig. 14. Timber decks should not betorched to directly, due to the fire risk, Anailed torch receivable surface must beapplied prior to torching. Wickes HighPerformance Polyester Underlay is ideal forthis purpose. It should be random nailed at150mm centres over the whole surface andat 50mm centres along the minimum 75mmside and end laps and exposed perimeters.Including all timber details. See Fig. 13.

Unsuitable surfaces for direct torch-onapplication

• Timber, Plywood, Chipboard and all Insulations other than those specifically designed, tested, and found to be safe

• Felts, traditional, Type 3G and lightweight polyester with a polyester weight of less than 150g per m2

• Details such as expansion joints filled with fibreboard or foam

• Forming a detail under pitched roof where sarking/slaters’ felt may be hidden from view, and old debris such as birds nests may be present

• Forming a detail under cladding where the insulation is combustible

• Forming details to plastic roof lights

• Exposed fibreboard fillets

Galvanised clout nails approx.50 mm apart

Hardboard former

Lapping of welts

Fold over sequence

150 mm

150 mm

Fascia

Drip batten

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

Depth of drip batten plus 25 mm

50 mm

150 mm

Welted drip at external corner

Vertical

Angle

Flat

VerticalReverse for successivelayers to avoid build-upwhere roofing overlaps Angle

Flat

Wall and upstand external angle

Galvanised clout nails approx. 50mm apart

Fascia

25mm x 25mm chase

Angle fillet

Drip batten

Hardboard former

Depth of drip batten plus 25mm

Depth of drip batten plus 25mm

150mm min

150mm min

75mm min

50mm

Junction of welted apron andwall upstand

Wall and upstand internal angle

FIG. 9

FIG. 10

FIG. 11

FIG. 12

Torch-on slatecap sheet (fully bonded by torching)

Torch-on sandsurfaced underlay –an optional first layerwill give extra security

Existing asphalt

Wickes Quick Drying Roof Primer

High performance polyester underlay(stagger nailed)

Torch-on slatecap sheet (fully bonded by torching)

Torch-on sand surfaced underlay

Deck (plywood or timber)

FIG. 14

FIG. 13

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 7

It is essential that the correct type of torchand set of equipment is used. Thisequipment must include the correct gasregulator and a torch that has a triggercontrol, which when released reduces theflame to a pilot. It is preferable that the torchshould also incorporate a stand. There are 2types of torches, one used for detail work,with a low output burner and short stem, andanother for the main area with high outputburner and a long stem to allow theoperative to stand upright during the torchingoperation. The hoses used must be a highpressure type complying with BS3212, atleast 3m long. Crimped type clips mustsoundly secure all fittings to the torch andhose. All equipment must be suitable forpurpose and inspected prior to use by acompetent person. Further guidance is in theguide issued by the, Liquefied PetroleumGas Association: Code of Practice 24 Theuse of LPG cylinders.

Depending on the laying technique used itmay be necessary to provide a roll bar forthe application of torch-on materials and around nosed trowel for the treatment of theangles.

Note: Torch-on membranes should only beinstalled by a competent applicator, who isused to using hot bonding methods. Caremust be taken when applying torch-onmembranes in close proximity to combustiblematerials, decorative coatings and heatsensitive materials, to avoid any fire risk. Thenecessary fire extinguishers and fireprecautions must be on hand and theoperatives trained or familiar with their use.There is also a risk of injury due to burns.Full protective clothing must be worn and abucket of clean cold water or similar at handas first aid treatment to cool burns. Thecontractor should always inform the client thata hot fixing method is to be used prior tocommencement of work and should complywith any rules issued by the client withrespect to this information and any riskassessment performed under therequirements of applicable Heath and Safetyand Fire Safety Regulations. Further adviceon installing Wickes roofing products isavailable by contacting the helpline shown atthe end of this leaflet.

ImportantIt is the responsibility of theclient/houseowner/applicator/specifier toconfirm that insurance is either in placeand/or has not being invalidated by the useof hot works or gas torches with therespective insurers of the tradingentity/building and/or its contents.

Wickes and their suppliers shall have noliability whatsoever to theclient/houseowner/applicator/specifier inrespect of any costs, losses or expensesarising from the use, application andspecification of Wickes Torch-on systems.

Typical Systems & Specifications

In general specifications may take thefollowing forms:

• One layer torch-on fully bonded to existing sound and primed* built-up roofing or asphalt depending on surface condition

• Two layer torch-on fully bonded to existing sound primed* roofing or to a nailed underlay on timber decks

• Two layer torch-on with the underlay part bonded by torching in patches to existing or to a safe deck such as primed concrete*

Wickes Quick Drying Roof Primer is suitablefor preparing the surface prior to torchapplication. Applied in accordance with theinstructions on the tin.

Torch ApplicationThe membrane should be cut so that whenlaid, the side and end laps are staggered.See Fig. 15.

Apply torch-on roofing by melting the heatdispersible backing and coating to create amolten flow in front of the roll. The flame ofthe torch should be applied at the low pointwhere the roll meets the Underlay. As thefilm and bitumen melts, roll the roofingforward. NB. A bead of bitumen must exudefrom all lap joints to ensure a seal. There isno question of leaving clean laps. The sidelaps must be a minimum of 75mm with100mm minimum end laps.The detailing is done with the small torch.

WICKES HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYESTER CAPSHEET & UNDERLAY

This system is equally suitable for coldadhesive application using WickesBituminous Roofing Felt Adhesive or pourand roll application using hot bitumen. Pleasecontact the helpline at the end of this guidefor information about using hot bitumen.

The membranes are composed of apolyester base, saturated and coated withoxidised bitumen. This offers a higher degreeof performance strength and stabilitycompared to fibre based felts. Bonded withWickes Bituminous (Cold-applied) RoofingFelt Adhesive or hot bonding bitumen, this ispredominantly laid in two or three layers. Thesystem is suitable for use on habitablebuildings, and has an external fire rating of

F.AC. when tested to BS 476 Part 3:2004.The Wickes High Performance systemcorrectly installed complies with BuildingRegulations: England, Wales, Scotland andNorthern Ireland.

The products can also be used on gardenbuildings where increasedperformance/durability is required.

Typical Systems & Specifications

In general specifications may take thefollowing forms:

• Two layers on primed* concrete or Plywood or Type 3 OSB. The first layer Wickes High Performance Polyester Underlay partially bonded in strips of Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesive with laps fully bonded in adhesive. The Top layer to be Wickes High Performance Polyester Capsheet fully bonded in Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesive. All side and end laps staggered. See Fig. 16.

• Three layers consisting of a nailed underlay on timber plank decks then a layer of Wickes High Performance Polyester Underlay followed by top layer of Wickes High Performance Polyester Capsheet both fully bonded in Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesive. All side and end laps fully sealed and staggered. See Fig. 17.

* Wickes Quick Drying Roof Primer is a suitable primer for preparing a concrete or cement screed surface prior to bonding the first layer in strips of adhesive.

WICKES TRADITIONAL CAPSHEET & UNDERLAY

It is composed of a fibre base, which issaturated and then coated with bitumen andsurfaced with either sand or a slate finish.Used in a single, two-layer or three-layerapplication, these products are ideal for useas temporary waterproofing or for use onsheds or garden buildings. TraditionalRoofing Felts are not permitted for use onhabitable buildings, such as domesticextensions except as an emergency short-term repair.

Sand surfacedunderlay first layer (strip bonded in Wickes Bituminous FeltAdhesive)

Slate surfaced cap sheet (fully bonded inWickes Bituminous FeltAdhesive)

Deck(plywood or concrete)

FIG. 15

FIG. 16

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 8

Their application on flat roofs is very similaras for the Wickes High PerformancePolyester System covered in detail in theprevious section. See Fig. 18.

Before you begin. Read the General Sectionon Roof Design and Good Practice at thebeginning of this leaflet.

These felts are usually applied using coldadhesive only.

A nailed preparation is not counted as awaterproofing layer because of the nailing.However three layers can be used to achievemaximum life.The advantage of cold adhesive is that it’smuch safer and little formal skill is needed.

Wickes Roofing Felt AdhesiveWickes Roofing Felt Adhesive is a coldapplied, black, bituminous roofing adhesiveused for bonding bituminous roofing to itselfand to wooden sheet decking, concreteasphalt, metal and similar surfaces.

Guide to ApplicationAll surfaces onto which felt is to be fixedmust be clean, sound, dry and free fromgrease, oil, dirt and loose, protruding orsharp material.

Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesive is ready foruse and should not be thinned. Apply as permanufacturers instructions, so that there isno surplus beyond the finished edge of thelap. Unroll the roofing felt with consistentpressure; a broom is a useful tool, to avoidformation of air pockets. Firm pressureshould be applied until overall adhesion isachieved.

Coverage One litre of Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesiveshould be sufficient for 1-1.5m2 of roof area.

Weather & TemperatureTry to ensure that the weather will be dry all

day and if possible that conditions are warm.Wickes Roofing Felt Adhesive and RoofingFelt should be used at a temperature above5°C. Application will be easier if the adhesiveand felt are placed in a warm environmentfor 24 hours prior to use. If externaltemperatures become extreme, it isadvisable to postpone the project until morefavourable temperatures pertain.

Equipment CareTools should be cleaned with white spirit

PackagingWickes Roofing Felt Adhesive is available inall stores.

UsageUse only in a well-ventilated area, and awayfrom sources of ignition.

Read and follow all roofing product safetyinstructions, and use recommended personalprotective equipment (PPE).

StorageWickes Roofing Felt Adhesive should bestored, sealed, in a cool, dry, well-ventilatedenvironment. All practical precautions shouldbe taken to protect from fire.

WICKES SUPER SHED FELT & SHED FELT

Bitumen coated roofing felt with a protectiveand decorative fine green mineral finish. It isspecially suited for single layer application tothe roofs of garden sheds, kennels, hutchedand other non-inhabited buildings, whichhave a roof pitch of 20º or more.

It is designed to be nail fixed with the lapssealed with Wickes High Performance FeltLap Adhesive.

Additional Tools Required (All available at Wickes)• A tape measure

• Trimming knife complete with a straight edged blade and hooked blade

• Straight Edge

• Claw Hammer

• 13mm large headed galvanised clout nails.

Fig. 19. Identify the roof parts as shown.Remove old roofing felt and check thesurface. Ensure old uneven boards arehammered down and secure. Remove nailsor hammer home.

Fig. 20. Cut each strip of felt so that itoverhangs the edges of the roof by 50mm.Place the first strip of felt at the lowest partof the roof so that it overhangs the eaves by50mm. Fix in position by nailing the top edgeof the felt with clout nails at 500mm centres.

Fig. 21. Slowly and carefully fold overhangsover the edges of the roof and nail at 50mmintervals. Fold and nail corners to make aneat appearance.

Fig. 22. Place each subsequent sheet sothat it overlaps the previous sheet by 75mmand fix as before. Carefully apply WickesHigh Performance Felt Lap Adhesive to thearea between the overlapping sheets andfinish the joint by nailing at 50mm intervals.

Fig. 23. To finish the roof ridge, cut a cappingstrip 300mm wide. Fix to the ridge withWickes High Performance Felt Lap Adhesiveand dress down the roof 150mm each side.Nail the lower edge at 50mm intervals.

Sand surfaced first layer(stagger nailed)

Slate surfacedcap sheet (fully bonded in Wickes Bituminous Felt Adhesive)

Sand surfaced underlay(fully bonded in Wickes Bituminous Felt Adhesive)

Deck (plywood or timber)

FIG. 17

Sand surfaced underlay first layer(stagger nailed)

Slate surfaced cap sheet (fully bonded in Wickes Bituminous FeltAdhesive)

Deck(plywood or timber)

Cold fixed nailed first layer

FIG. 18

Ridge

EavesGable

FIG. 19

500mm FIG. 20

50mm

FIG. 21

Cold appliedroofing felt adhesive

FIG. 22

Cold appliedroofing felt adhesive

FIG. 23

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 9

Fig. 24. For a professional finish, fix timbersstrips to the gable ends.

WICKES PITCHED ROOFING SYSTEMS

Underslating Membranes (Sarking Felts)Conventional pitched roofs covered with tilesor slates require an underlay so as tocomply with the Building Regulations. Thepurpose of an underslating membrane is:

• Provide a secondary barrier to the ingress of wind-driven rain, snow and dust.

• Allow any water that has penetrated the batten space to escape to the gutters.

• Reduce the risk of wind uplift acting on theslates or tiles.

• Afford some temporary protection to the building prior to final roofing.

There are two types of underlay, Breatherand Non-breather. Wicks Reinforced Slaters’Felt is a non-breather underlay and consistsof a bitumen saturated felt. In a typical roof itis laid across the roof draped 10mm to 15mmbetween the rafters with the tiling battensfixed above. The main point to remember witha non-breather membrane is the mandatoryrequirement to ventilate the void below theunderslating and above the insulation, usingopenings at high and low level.

Recent developments in construction meanthat “Room in Roofs” are increasing inpopularity. The insulation is typically fittedbetween and below the rafters above thesloping ceilings. This arrangement allowshomeowners and developers the opportunityto utilise the previously non-habitable loftspace so adding value to their property byincreasing the living area.

Modern lifestyles generate a lot of watervapour, which can cause excessivecondensation. This can affect the health ofthe occupants and damage the fabric andstructure of the property. Fibrous insulationsuch as mineral wool can become soddenand lose its thermal effectiveness. Recentincreases in the thickness of insulation andreduction in the ventilation within the modernhome due to an increase in draughtprotection and the use of double-glazing aremaking modern homes vulnerable tocondensation.

The normal method of creating crossventilation through the roof voids is often notfeasible when the roof is dotted with featureslike dormers and flush mounted windows.

Installing Wickes Breathable Membrane,allows the builder to sidestep the need tocreate specifically ventilated voids that arenormally required to comply with BuildingRegulations. It has full BBA certification foruse on both cold and warm roofs bothventilated and unventilated.

Wickes Breathable Membrane This is a high performance, lightweight,breathable underlay for tiled, slated andmetal pitched roofs. It can be used for warmor cold roofs (ventilated and unventilated)and can also be used behind vertical wallcladding. Wickes Breathable Membraneallows the escape of water vapour fromwithin the roof structure whilst protecting thebuilding from wind driven rain, snow anddust, which may penetrate the main roofwaterproofing, providing a permanent qualitybreather underlay, which will last the life ofthe roof construction. Wickes BreathableMembrane is a BBA certified, cost effectivebreather membrane, which combinesoptimum performance; ease of applicationand value for money.

The upper surface is grey and printed with a grid

Available in 1.0m widths as standard toconform easily to any typical roofconfiguration or the individual workingpractices of the installer.

Warm Or Cold Roof Application(Ventilated Or Unventilated Void)

Features and benefits

• BBA certificate – no. 08/4537 (warm roofs/cold roofs ventilated and unventilatedvoid)

• Highly breathable and water resistant membrane

• Long Term Durability

• UV Stable (3 months exposure)

• Adaptable and easy to use (1.0m widths)

• High tensile and tear strength

• Printed “Easy-Cut” Grid Marking, to reducewastage on upper side.

• Multipurpose, lightweight and flexible

Wickes Breathable Membrane is engineeredas a fully supported or unsupportedbreathable underlay for tiled, slated or metalroof systems. Wickes Breathable Membraneis equally suitable whether draped 10mm –15mm unsupported over rafters, laid directlyover insulation or laid over traditionalScottish sarking planks. It is ideal for warmor cold roof applications (ventilated andunventilated).

WARM ROOF APPLICATION

Warm roofs (featuring sloping insulationbelow the tiles or slates) are often called‘room in roof’. The breather membrane is laidabove the insulation. Measures to reduce thepassage of moisture vapour through theinsulation should always be taken, examples

include specifying foil backed plasterboard orsubstituting glass fibre wadding with tightlyfitting foil faced rigid sarking insulation withtaped joints.

In Addition, a warm roof contributes toincreased air tightness, reducing heat lossby uncontrolled air movements and aidingcompliance with revised Part L of theBuilding Regulations. (April 2006)

COLD ROOF APPLICATION

There are two types of cold roof – ventilatedand unventilated. A ventilated configurationis the traditional type, it has ventilationopenings at low and high level to drawmoisture vapour safely to the outside. Theinsulation (if it exists) is placed between thejoists of the ceiling of the upper storey(effectively on the floor of the attic space).

In an unventilated cold roof the insulation isagain laid between the joists of the upperstorey ceiling. However, the attic space doesnot feature specific ventilation openings soWickes Breathable Membrane is essential toenable the moisture vapour to escape to theoutside. If a traditional non-breathableunderslating felt is used, then the lack ofventilation will allow the moisture to build upwithin the attic space with potentiallydisastrous results.

In both cases measures to reduce thepassage of moisture vapour through theinsulation should always be taken, examplesinclude sealing all penetrations into the voidand covering up water cisterns.

Correctly installed, Wickes BreathableMembrane will effectively last the design lifeof the slate or tiled roof into which it isincorporated.

Notes:1. As with all breather membranes of this

type, contact with solvents or wet timber preservatives can cause localised water penetration to occur, prior to the main weatherproofing being installed.

2. In accordance with BS 5534: 2003 “Code of practice for slating and tiling” - Section 5.5.2.7 (c), where a roof underlay or breather membrane is to be laid over openrafters, a drape of between 10mm to 15mm between the rafters is necessary to guide any rainwater penetrating the main roof finish away from the rafters to the drainage point. (The membrane must not be pulled tight against the underside of the tiling battens.)

3. Wickes Breathable Membrane has a UV resistance for up to 3 months. However the exposed Wickes Breathable Membrane should never be considered as being proper protection against wind blown rain, heavy snow/hail and high winds.

4. If the final roof finish is tightly fitting interlocking manmade tiles or metal sheeting with inadequate gaps to allow fortuitous ventilation between the

individual units, it may be necessary to

FIG. 24

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 10

create a 50mm deep continuous ventilatedspace above the Wickes Breathable Membrane. Check with the roof covering manufacturer. Further explanation is in BS5250 “Code of practice for control of condensation in buildings” for ventilation requirements.

Application

Wickes Breathable Membrane is laid printedside up, white side down. Wickes BreathableMembrane must be installed in accordancethe relevant sections of BS5534: 2003 andWickes fixing instructions. Wickes BreathableMembrane, when installed as a fullysupported system, is laid over the supportand secured with counter-battens,alternatively the membrane can be installedover counter-battens with a 10mm –15mmdrape and fixed at 200mm centres usingcorrosion resistant staples or galvanisedclout nails. Tiling battens are fixed to thecounter-battens leaving a void between themembrane and tiling battens for drainageand ventilation. When using WickesBreathable Membrane under normal doublelapped slates or tiles in a warm roofconfiguration, no additional ventilation isrequired within the roof void.

Wickes Breathable Membrane, if installed ina cold roof configuration and draped 10-15mm over open rafters, with normalslates or tiles above, then the use of counterbattens is not required and there is norequirement for ventilation of the void space.

Abutment flashings should be wedged into amortar joint 25mm deep and at least 150mmabove the level of the slates or tiles. TheWickes Breathable Membrane should beturned up behind the flashing at least100mm to prevent rain and snow beingblown into the roof-space. The Wickes GoodIdea Leaflet No. 22 “How to use Wickes leadsheet and accessories” gives furtherinformation.

Lap joints in the membrane should begenerally in accordance with the table setout below.

Lap Size Table

Where Wickes Breathable Slaters Felt is todrain into a half round external gutter, arobust eaves protection strip should beutilized. Wickes High Performance PolyesterUnderlay cut to half its standard width i.e.500mm, then laid parallel to the gutterensuring that water drains into the centre isideal. This will ensure long-term performanceof the membrane in this location, preventingwater from running behind the gutter, rotting

timber fascias, wall plates and rafter ends.

WICKES REINFORCED SLATERS’ FELT

Slaters’ Felt is manufactured specifically foruse beneath tiles or slates in open rafterconstruction. Wickes Slaters’ Felt has a feltfibre base combined with a layer of openweave hessian, saturated and coated withbitumen, and surfaced with sand.Furthermore it complies with BS 8747:2007Annex B. Formerly known as Type 1F.

Wickes Reinforced Slaters’ Felt (Sarking)should be used for tiled and slated pitchedroofs, with void spaces ventilated inaccordance with BS 5534; 2003. It conformsto current Building Regulations, and is atraditional secondary barrier against drivingsnow and rain.

Where Wickes Reinforced Slaters’ Felt is todrain into a half round external gutter, arobust eaves protection strip should beutilized. Wickes High performance PolyesterUnderlay cut to half its standard width i.e.500mm, then laid parallel to the gutterensuring that water drains into the centre isideal. This will ensure long-term performanceof the membrane in this location, preventingwater from running behind the gutter, rottingtimber fascias, wall plates and rafter ends.For information on laps see the Lap SizeTable in the previous section.

WICKES ROOFING SHINGLES

Wickes Roofing Shingles are ideal for use on arange of non-habitable buildings such asstables, garden sheds, garages, bus shelters,garden chalets, summerhouses, etc.

They consist of a glass fibre base, coated withoxidised bitumen and surfaced with attractivecoloured mineral granules. If the building issheltered they can be laid as low as 15º pitch.For more exposed sites the roof pitch shouldbe a minimum of 20º. For severe exposuresites such as beach huts we recommend thata minimum of 30º.

They are designed to be nail fixed. For arobust long lasting job the minimum deckthickness of the deck should be 18mm. Detailsand perimeters should be sealed with WickesHigh Performance Felt Lap Adhesive.

Additional Tools Required (All available at Wickes)

• A tape measure

• Trimming knife complete with a straight edged blade and hooked blade

• Straight Edge

• Claw Hammer

When applied in accordance with the fixinginstructions, shingles are easily installed andwill provide a long lasting, highly decorative,weatherproof roof finish in a variety of pitchedroof situations.

Roofing Shingles are factory cut into stripform. To improve adhesion of the tiles, theSquare Butt Slates have a heat sensitive

bituminous strip on the topside, on the reverseside there is a polyethylene strip to preventsticking in the pack during transit. This stripdoes not need to be removed. The advantageof this product is that it is long lasting,economical, attractive, easy to install and ismade with a non-rotting glass fibre base.

Wickes also supply a matching detailing stripwhich blends in perfectly with the roofingshingles and enables tricky detail areas suchas eaves, verges, hips and ridges to bequickly and easily weatherproofed.

Materials Needed• Wickes Shingles

• Wickes High Performance Polyester Underlay. Note: on less important buildings a single layer of Wickes Traditional Underlay can be used

• Wickes High Performance Felt Lap Adhesive

• 20mm Large Headed GalvanisedClout Nails

* Under normal conditions allow one tube of

Wickes High Performance Felt Lap Adhesive for each pack. If the tabs need to be fixed or complex detailing is involvedallow an extra tube per pack. Note: These coverages are given as a general guide only.

FIXING INSTRUCTIONS

Preparation: Always strip off any old roofingmaterial. Check that the roof decking is ingood condition; if rotten replace it with asuitable roof deck

Underlay Always use an Underlay below Wickes Shingles.The exact choice depends on the building useand expected lifespan. For High Value buildingssuch as garage/workshops use the rot proofWickes High Performance Polyester Underlay.For structures such as Wendy Houses and toolsheds it may be economical to use the cheaperTraditional Underlay.

Roof Pitch

Minimum Horizontal

Lap Partially

Supported (mm)

Minimum Horizontal Lap Fully Supported

(mm)

Minimum Vertical Lap

(mm)

12.5º - 14º

15º - 34º

35º +

225

150

100

150

100

75

100

100

100

Product Dimensions Wickes Shingles 4 Tab Square Butt

Pack Weight kg

Strip Slate - Depth mm - Length mm

Strip Per pack

19

1000336

14

Shed size Wickes Shingles

No of boxes

Nails kg Wickes Easy Seal Lap Mastic

Cartridges (310ml)

6 x 4' 3 0.4 3*

8 x 6' 5 0.7 5*

10 x 6' 6 0.9 6*

10 x 8' 7 1.2 7*

12 x 10' 8 1.7 8*

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 11

For roofs with pitches above 20º, lay thesingle layer of Wickes High PerformancePolyester Underlay. See Fig. 25. It should belaid as flat as possible. Starting at the eaves,lay with 80mm horizontal lap and 150mm endlaps. Secure the Wickes High PerformancePolyester Underlay with only enough nails tohold it in place. The Wickes Shingles oncenail fixed will hold it in position.

For roofs with low pitches of 15 to 20º, fix 2layers of Wickes High Performance PolyesterUnderlay. See Fig. 26. Cut a 500mm starterstrip first to be laid at the eaves. Lay with500mm horizontal lap and with a minimum300mm end lap.

A Apply Wickes Shingles Detailing Strip 300mm wide. Allow 50mm for turnover. Fig. 27

B Dress strip down 25mm below bottom edge of roof deck. Nail at 50mm centres, taking care not to overdrive nails.

C Tack-nail at top edge of Detailing Strip.

D In preparation for laying, the starting line of the first course of Shingles should be marked, set back 15mm from the edges as shown. Use a well-chalked string or a straight edge to provide a guideline.

Repeat guideline every few courses to check alignment.General FixingFor standard exposure conditions and slopes(15-60° pitch), place one fixing nail 25mmfrom each end and one fixing nail directlyabove the centre line of each cut out (See Fig. 28).

All fixings should be on a line 25mm abovethe top of the cut out. 20mm clout nails arethe ideal fixings to use. Proper fixingincreases the strength and wind resistance ofthe Shingle roof, so do not skimp. If a fixingwill not penetrate the decking, use anothernearby location. In high wind areas and on

steep roofs (60-85° pitch), use 8 nails perShingle Strip, placing one fixing nail 25mmfrom each end and 2 nails per cut-out,spaced 25mm left and right above each cut-out. See Fig. 29.

For additional security, a small blob of WickesHigh Performance Felt Lap Adhesive shouldbe placed beneath the corners of each taband over each nail head. Always leave a2mm gap between the ends of individualShingle Strip, to allow for minor adjustmentsin alignment. Avoid excessive use of WickesHigh Performance Felt Lap Adhesive as thismay result in runs down the roof.

First Shingle CourseWorking from the bottom corner, fix the firstwhole Shingle strip and continue with wholeshingles for the rest of the course. Repeatthis process for all odd numbered courses asshown in Fig. 30.

Second CourseTrim 124mm of the Shingle strip thencontinue with whole Shingle strips on thiscourse, and all even numbered courses, thuscreating a staggered effect, as shown. Thebottom edge of the Roof Tile Strip shouldjust overlap the top of the cut outs of theunderlying strip so there will beapproximately 143mm of each tab exposed.

Note: If the site is severely exposed or thepitch is below 24 degrees, then the overlapshould be increased so that only 130mm ofthe shingle strip is left exposed.

Hips & Ridges Adjust the last few courses of shingles sothat the ridge capping will adequately coverthe top courses of the shingles equally onboth sides of the ridge. Fig. 31.

A Form from Detailing Strip 300mm wide. Cut and finish ends as shown.

B Bond into position using Felt Lap Adhesive

ValleysA Form valleys from Detailing Strip. Bond

into position using Felt Lap Adhesive

Where joints occur, laps should be 100mm.Fig. 32.

B Visible valley should not exceed 100mm width.

8cm15cm

30cm

50cm

50cm

FIG. 25

FIG. 26

A

B

C

D

FIG. 27

FIG. 30

A

B

FIG. 32

A

B

FIG. 31

15° - 60°25mm

25mm

FIG. 28

60° - 85°25mm

25mm

50mmFIG. 29

Whilst every care has been taken to ensure that the product design, descriptions, specifications and techniques of constructing the products are accurate at the date ofprinting. Wickes products will inevitably change from time to time and the customer is advised to check that the design, descriptions, specifications and techniques of con-

structing any of the products described in this leaflet are still valid at the time of purchase or placing an order.© Wickes Building Supplies Limited 2008

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be produced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise orstored in any retrieval system of any nature without the written permission of the copyright holder and the publisher.

WICKES ROOFING Helpline: 0844 412 8550

GIL_064_7571_06_08 8/9/08 10:34 Page 12