pts 0.1 pts 0.0 64.8 64.7 Participation rate (%) pts 0.0 pts 0.1 6.0 5.9 Unemployment rate (%) % 1.4 12.8 756.1 743.4 Unemployed persons ('000) % 1.9 7.3 11 768.6 11 761.2 Employed persons ('000) Seasonally Adjusted pts 0.1 pts 0.0 64.8 64.8 Participation rate (%) pts 0.0 pts 0.0 6.0 6.0 Unemployment rate (%) % 1.3 –2.8 753.8 756.5 Unemployed persons ('000) % 1.9 15.2 11 767.2 11 752.0 Employed persons ('000) Trend Jun 14 to Jun 15 May 15 to Jun 15 Jun 2015 May 2015 KEY FIGURES TREND ESTIMATES (MONTHLY CHANGE) Employment increased to 11,767,200. Unemployment decreased to 753,800. Unemployment rate remained steady at 6.0%. Participation rate remained steady at 64.8%. Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 2.0 million hours to 1,636.3 million hours. SEASONALLY ADJUSTED ESTIMATES (MONTHLY CHANGE) Employment increased 7,300 to 11,768,600. Full-time employment increased 24,500 to 8,156,200 and part-time employment decreased 17,200 to 3,612,400. Unemployment increased 12,800 to 756,100. The number of unemployed persons looking for full-time work increased 27,200 to 541,200 and the number of unemployed persons only looking for part-time work decreased 14,500 to 214,900. Unemployment rate increased 0.1 pts to 6.0% from a revised May 2015 estimate. Participation rate increased less than 0.1 pts to 64.8%. Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 5.1 million hours (0.3%) to 1,636.9 million hours. KEY POINTS E M B A R G O : 1 1 . 3 0 A M ( C A N B E R R A T I M E ) T H U R S 9 J U L 2 0 1 5 LABOUR FORCE AUSTRALIA 6202.0 JUNE 2015 For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070, email [email protected]or Labour Force on Canberra (02) 6252 6525, email [email protected]. Employed Persons Jun 2014 Sep Dec Mar 2015 Jun '000 11220 11340 11460 11580 11700 11820 Trend Seas adj. Unemployment Rate Jun 2014 Sep Dec Mar 2015 Jun % 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.2 6.4 6.6 Trend Seas adj. INQUIRIES www.abs.gov.au
48
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6202.0 Labour Force, Australia (Jun 2015)...September 2015 15 October 2015 August 2015 10 September 2015 July 2015 6 August 2015 FORTHCOMING ISSUESISSUE RELEASE DATE David W. Kalisch
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pts0.1 pts0.064.864.7Participation rate (%)
pts0.0 pts0.16.05.9Unemployment rate (%)
%1.412.8756.1743.4Unemployed persons ('000)
%1.97.311 768.611 761.2Employed persons ('000)
Seasonally Adjusted
pts0.1 pts0.064.864.8Participation rate (%)
pts0.0 pts0.06.06.0Unemployment rate (%)
%1.3–2.8753.8756.5Unemployed persons ('000)
%1.915.211 767.211 752.0Employed persons ('000)
Trend
Jun 14 toJun 15
May 15 toJun 15Jun 2015May 2015
K E Y F I G U R E S
T R E N D E S T I M A T E S ( M O N T H L Y C H A N G E )
Employment increased to 11,767,200.
Unemployment decreased to 753,800.
Unemployment rate remained steady at 6.0%.
Participation rate remained steady at 64.8%.
Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 2.0 million hours to 1,636.3 million hours.
S E A S O N A L L Y A D J U S T E D E S T I M A T E S ( M O N T H L Y C H A N G E )
Employment increased 7,300 to 11,768,600. Full-time employment increased 24,500 to
8,156,200 and part-time employment decreased 17,200 to 3,612,400.
Unemployment increased 12,800 to 756,100. The number of unemployed persons
looking for full-time work increased 27,200 to 541,200 and the number of unemployed
persons only looking for part-time work decreased 14,500 to 214,900.
Unemployment rate increased 0.1 pts to 6.0% from a revised May 2015 estimate.
Participation rate increased less than 0.1 pts to 64.8%.
Aggregate monthly hours worked increased 5.1 million hours (0.3%) to
1,636.9 million hours.
K E Y P O I N T S
E M B A R G O : 1 1 . 3 0 A M ( C A N B E R R A T I M E ) T H U R S 9 J U L 2 0 1 5
LABOUR FORCE A U S T R A L I A
6202.0J U N E 2 0 1 5
For further informationabout these and relatedstatistics, contact theNational Information andReferral Service on1300 135 070, [email protected] Labour Force onCanberra (02) 6252 6525,[email protected].
MOVEMENTS IN SEASONALLY ADJUSTED SERIES BETWEEN MAY 2015 AND JUNE 2015
The estimates in this publication are based on a sample survey. Published estimates and
movements are subject to sampling variability. Standard errors give a measure of
sampling variability. The interval bounded by two standard errors is the 95% confidence
interval, which provides a way of looking at the variability inherent in estimates. There is
a 95% chance that the true value of the estimate lies within that interval.
SA M P L I N G ER R O R
The introduction of new format tables, spreadsheets and data cubes was scheduled for
the June release of this and the detailed monthly issue. The introduction has been
delayed pending finalisation of testing. The new outputs are now scheduled to be
introduced with the July 2015 monthly issues and the August 2015 quarterly issue. Any
change to this plan will be announced on Friday 31 July at the latest. Details of the new
format outputs are on page 6.
The ABS will delay the release of the September 2015 Labour Force releases due to the
two public holidays in the weeks preceding the current release date. The September
2015 issue of Labour Force, Australia will be released on 15 October.
An article presenting an assessment of the volatility in the Labour Force series will be
released on 16 July with the June 2015 issue of the detailed monthly Labour Force data
(cat. no. 6291.0.55.001).
Annual benchmarking of aggregate monthly hours worked will occur with the July 2015
issue. For details see page 7.
An update on recommendations 10 and 11 from the independent technical review into
the Labour Force Survey is available on page 8.
WH A T ' S NE W IN TH E
LA B O U R FO R C E
2 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
N O T E S
Seasonally adjusted full-time employment increased by 24,500 persons to 8,156,200
persons while part-time employment decreased by 17,200 to 3,612,400 persons in June
2015. The increase in total employment resulted from:
an increase in female full-time employment, up 17,500 persons
an increase in male full-time employment, up 7,000 persons
a decrease in male part-time employment, down 6,600 persons
a decrease in female part-time employment, down 10,600 persons.
Seasonally adjusted aggregate monthly hours worked increased 5.1 million hours (0.3%)
in June 2015 to 1,636.9 million hours.
Jan2014
May Sep Jan2015
May
%
59.0
59.5
60.0
60.5
61.0
61.5
62.0
62.5TrendSeasonally adjusted
EMPLOYMENT TO POPULAT ION RATIO, PERSONS, January 2014 toJune 2015
Australia's unemployment rate increased 0.1 percentage points from a revised May
estimate to 6.0% in June 2015 (seasonally adjusted) with:
the number of unemployed persons increasing by 12,800 to 756,100,
the number of employed persons increasing by 7,300 to 11,768,600, and
the participation rate increasing less than 0.1 percentage points to 64.8%.
In trend terms the unemployment rate was unchanged at 6.0% in June 2015. The
number of employed persons in June 2015 increased by 15,200 to 11,767,200 and the
number of unemployed persons decreased by 2,800 to 753,800 in trend terms. The trend
participation rate was unchanged at 64.8% in June 2015.
The employment to population ratio, which expresses the number of employed persons
as a percentage of the civilian population aged 15 years and over, was unchanged at
60.9% (seasonally adjusted) in June 2015. In trend terms, the employment to population
ratio increased less than 0.1 percentage points to 60.9%.
NA T I O N A L ES T I M A T E S
In original terms the growth in employment for Western Australia between April and May
2015 was unparalleled compared to previous movements between April and May. As a
result, in the May 2015 issue the ABS removed this impact from the seasonally adjusted
estimates for Western Australia and subsequently, Australia. This treatment has been
retained for the May 2015 estimates but no similar treatment was required for the June
2015 estimates.
AB O U T TH E ES T I M A T E S
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 3
L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5
Gross flows (Table 17) highlight the change in labour force status of individuals between
last month and this month. Gross flows are derived from the sample that is common
between two consecutive months which, after taking account of sample rotation and
varying non-response each month, is approximately 80% of the sample. However, the
level and movement estimates produced from the gross flows will not necessarily
represent 80% of the level and movement estimates in a given month from the whole
sample. Despite this limitation, analysis of the gross flows data can provide an indication,
in original terms, of underlying movements in the labour market.
In original terms between May and June 2015 the number of persons employed
decreased by 26,200 with gross flows showing a net decrease of 49,600. The decrease
shown in the gross flows comprised:
230,600 persons whose status changed from employed to not in the labour force,
81,300 persons whose status changed from employed to unemployed,
86,700 persons whose status changed from unemployed to employed, and
GR O S S F L O W S
np not available for publication but included in totals whereapplicable, unless otherwise indicated
6.05.96.06.0Australianpnp4.14.2Australian Capital Territorynpnp4.54.5Northern Territory6.57.06.96.8Tasmania5.85.15.55.5Western Australia8.27.67.87.5South Australia6.16.36.36.4Queensland6.06.06.06.0Victoria5.85.75.85.8New South Wales
%%%%
JuneMayJuneMay
SEASONALLYADJUSTEDTREND
UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, STATES AND TERRITORIES, May 2015 andJune 2015
The largest absolute increase in seasonally adjusted employment was in New South
Wales (up 11,300 persons). The largest absolute decreases in seasonally adjusted
employment were in South Australia (down 5,700 persons) and Victoria (down 5,500
persons).
In seasonally adjusted terms, the unemployment rate for Western Australia increased 0.7
percentage points and the participation rate increased 0.6 percentage points. In both
cases the series returned closer to the level they were prior to the May 2015 estimates.
Of the other states, the largest decrease in the seasonally adjusted participation rate was
in Queensland (down 0.3 percentage points). South Australia (up 0.6 percentage points)
had the largest increase in the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate and Tasmania
(down 0.5 percentage points) had the largest decrease.
Seasonally adjusted estimates are not published for the territories and the ABS
recommends using trend estimates to analyse the underlying behaviour of the state
series.
ST A T E ES T I M A T E S
4 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5 continued
175,600 persons whose status changed from not in the labour force to employed.
In original terms between May and June 2015 the number of persons unemployed
increased by less than 100 persons with gross flows showing a net decrease of 8,700. The
decrease shown in the gross flows comprised:
133,100 persons whose status changed from unemployed to not in the labour force,
86,700 persons whose status changed from unemployed to employed,
81,300 persons whose status changed from employed to unemployed, and
129,700 persons whose status changed from not in the labour force to unemployed.
As the gross flows data are presented in original terms they are not directly comparable
to the seasonally adjusted and trend data discussed elsewhere in the commentary,
particularly with the current movement from May 2015 to June 2015 due to the removal
of the impact of unprecedented employment growth in Western Australia in May 2015
from seasonally adjusted and trend estimates.
GR O S S F L O W S continued
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 5
L A B O U R F O R C E C O M M E N T A R Y J U N E 2 0 1 5 continued
This note is essential for all clients using the Labour Force spreadsheets and data cubes.
Commencing with the July 2015 issues of this publication and the detailed monthly
publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.001), and the August 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly
publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003), the ABS plans to publish Labour Force spreadsheets
and data cubes in new formats. Any change to this plan will be announced on Friday 31
July at the latest.
These spreadsheets and data cubes will be published in the formats presented in the
Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to Labour Force Statistics, October 2014 (cat.
no. 6292.0). Attached to the Information Paper is a version of the new format
spreadsheets containing data for this publication. This version contains data as at the
April 2015 issue of this publication. These spreadsheets can be used to test any processes
accessing these datasets. Spreadsheets for the detailed monthly publication (cat. no.
6291.0.55.001) containing data as per the April 2015 issue will be added to the
Information paper on 14 July. A concordance between the current and new time series
identifiers will also be included.
While the format of the outputs will change, this will not introduce any revisions to the
original estimates when rounded to the nearest person, other than the spreadsheet
tables containing underutilisation data (tables 22 and 23). While testing these tables it
was discovered that a small group of seasonal workers were incorrectly counted as
underemployed, and therefore also as underutilised. The ending of a seasonal worker's
contract (e.g. fruit picker) because the relevant season has concluded is not considered
an economic reason and therefore should not be included as underemployed. The
revision will impact the quarters since the introduction of the July 2014 questionnaire
with underemployment for this period to be revised down by between 1,100 and 5,500
persons in original terms.
In addition to the format changes, the following series are planned to be introduced:
Monthly underutilisation (original series only until 2017) from the August 2015 issue
of this publication.
The following new items from the August 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly
publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003):
Volume measures of labour underutilisation
Leave entitlements
Retrenchment
Sector of main job (public / private).
The following new items from the November 2015 issue of the detailed quarterly
publication (cat. no. 6291.0.55.003):
Educational attainment
Educational attendance for the whole civilian population.
A brief article will be released for each of the new quarterly items to assist clients in
interpreting the data. A brief article will also be released describing changes to the Status
in Employment standard which are planned to take effect from the July 2015 issue.
CH A N G E S TO LA B O U R
FO R C E OU T P U T S
6 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
W H A T ' S N E W I N T H E L A B O U R F O R C E
Each year the aggregate monthly hours worked series is benchmarked to an annual
hours worked level. This will occur with the July 2015 issue of this publication, which will
likely result in minor revisions to the aggregate monthly hours worked series. For details
on the methodology, refer to the Information Paper: Expansion of Hours Worked
Estimates from the Labour Force Survey, Australia, 2009 (ABS cat. no. 6290.0.55.001).
AN N U A L BE N C H M A R K I N G
OF AG G R E G A T E MO N T H L Y
HO U R S WO R K E D
The new outputs result from a review conducted in 2010-11 of the labour household
survey program. The outcomes of the review were announced in 2012 but
implementation has been delayed while priority was given to investigations into recent
Labour Force results, the annual seasonal reanalysis and comprehensive testing of the
system producing the new outputs.
Users of this pdf should take extra care until experienced with the new format. For
details of changes to tables in the pdf refer to the information paper.
CH A N G E S TO LA B O U R
FO R C E OU T P U T S continued
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 7
W H A T ' S N E W I N T H E L A B O U R F O R C E continued
Recommendation 10 of the review and the ABS's initial response released on 9
December 2014 are:
Recommendation 10: Given the importance of the LFS data and the adverse effect of the
associated supplementary survey program on these key economic indicators, the ABS
should consider discontinuing the supplementary surveys, or conduct them in a manner
that has a negligible impact on the LFS data.
ABS Response: Agree (to consider) and will be included in relevant work plans.
Consultation with key stakeholders will be an integral component of the work plan. An
update will be provided in mid-2015.
Further to the initial response in December 2014, the ABS has continued the
supplementary survey program on the basis that:
The corrections introduced into the seasonal adjustment process are an effective
means of removing the impact of supplementary surveys from the seasonally
adjusted and trend labour force estimates.
The information provided by the supplementary surveys is important for assessing a
range of labour market policies and currently there is no alternative cost-effective
method for obtaining this information.
The ABS is developing a proposal for a new Australian Population Survey and, as part
of this development, will consider alternative means of collecting this information.
A change to be made to one supplementary survey will minimise the likelihood of it
having an unexpected impact on the labour force series. This is explained below.
Following the changes to the Labour Force Survey introduced from February 2014, only
two of the current supplementary surveys have been identified as having a potential
impact on labour force estimates. These surveys are:
Characteristics of Employment which is conducted each August from 2014, and
Participation, Job search and Mobility which is conducted each February from 2015.
Each of these supplementary surveys consist of their own core set of questions which
will be repeated each year, and two additional modules with different questions relating
to the topics covered by the supplementary survey. These modules are referred to as
modules A and B and it was planned that they would be conducted in alternating years.
The first iteration of each supplementary survey (in August 2014 and February 2015,
respectively) comprised each survey's core set of questions and the A module. Before
proceeding with the second iteration of the supplementary surveys the ABS considered
the potential impact on the labour force series of replacing the A module with the B
module.
RE C O M M E N D A T I O N 10
The Executive Summary of an independent technical review into the Labour Force
Survey (LFS) and the ABS response to the review's recommendations were released on
the ABS website on 9 December 2014. For details see the November 2014 issue of Labour
Force, Australia(cat. no. 6202.0). This note provides an update on recommendations 10
and 11 of the review which related to the supplementary survey program and timing of
Labour Force releases, respectively.
I N T R O D U C T I O N
8 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
U P D A T E O N R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1 0 A N D 1 1 F R O M T H EI N D E P E N D E N T T E C H N I C A L R E V I E W
Recommendation 11 of the review and the ABS's initial response released on 9
December 2014 are:
Recommendation 11: The LFS processing and publication cycle should be closely
monitored to determine whether or not it is necessary to delay publishing LFS data until
early in the week following the current timetable on an ongoing basis or at least when
changes are being made to the LFS. In particular, delaying the publication should be
considered if any significant change is to be implemented.
ABS Response: Agree and will be included in relevant work plans in relation to future
changes to the LFS. Needs further consideration, including consultation where
appropriate, in relation to any ongoing change to the LFS publication cycle. An update
will be provided in mid-2015.
To progress this issue, the ABS will prepare a discussion paper to consider the
implications of an ongoing delay to the Labour Force releases. The paper will consider:
The potential benefits in data quality that may arise from a delay (e.g. would other
indicators be available to assist in quality assuring the labour force series).
The extent that current risks to the release due to unexpected system or other
issues would be reduced by a delay.
If the detailed monthly series and quarterly series would also need to be delayed a
week, or if they could be released at the same time as the main monthly publication.
RE C O M M E N D A T I O N 11
The February 2015 Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary survey with
module A had a significantly greater impact on the labour force series than the
Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey. Unlike the two Characteristics of
Employment modules, the Participation, Job search and Mobility module A and module
B contain significantly different content, target different population groups and contain a
significantly different number of questions. On this basis it is likely that the impact on
the labour force estimates of the Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary
survey with module B will differ significantly from the impact observed with module A.
For this reason and as the module A content is considered more important to
stakeholders, the February 2016 Participation, Job search and Mobility supplementary
survey will retain its core set of questions but continue with module A rather than
change to module B. Any impact can be removed through the prevailing ABS correction
methodology.
Part ic ipat ion, Job search
and Mobil i ty
The August 2014 Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey had an
identifiable but not large impact on the labour force series, and this impact was removed
by the correction methodology. As both the A and B modules contain related content
and target similar population groups, it is anticipated that the Characteristics of
Employment supplementary survey with module B will have a similar minimal impact on
the labour force estimates as the survey with module A and any impact can be removed
through the prevailing ABS correction methodology. On this basis the August 2015
Characteristics of Employment supplementary survey will retain its core set of questions
and replace module A with module B as planned.
Character ist ics of
Employment
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 9
U P D A T E O N R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1 0 A N D 1 1 F R O M T H EI N D E P E N D E N T T E C H N I C A L R E V I E W continued
The ABS will develop the above discussion paper over the next month and will provide it
to members of the Labour Statistics Advisory Group in September 2015. If other
stakeholders would like to receive a copy of the discussion paper please send an email to
*2.946.3*14.1*32.822.812.210.6*1.5*0.79.17.8*1.3Australian Capital Territory*4.757.6*9.6*16.916.26.99.3*0.9*0.88.44.73.7Northern Territory*4.955.619.6*30.233.514.918.63.6*1.715.011.13.8Tasmania*2.553.611.4*14.5162.375.386.99.9*4.077.053.223.8Western Australia6.153.521.938.6104.348.555.812.26.443.633.410.2South Australia6.757.919.637.0310.3130.6179.735.220.9144.5108.935.6Queensland3.950.220.938.7358.2178.4179.837.613.9142.2120.222.0Victoria3.450.817.821.3467.8230.0237.842.316.0195.5136.159.4New South Wales
*0.839.9*13.1*100.019.011.47.6*1.0*0.26.66.6*—Australian Capital Territory*0.740.2*4.8*24.910.76.44.3*0.2*0.14.13.9*0.2Northern Territory*1.944.721.9*50.525.314.011.32.5*0.58.88.4*0.5Tasmania*0.542.212.4*17.4122.871.051.96.5*0.645.442.7*2.7Western Australia*2.844.820.0*60.081.945.236.77.4*2.329.427.8*1.6South Australia*2.446.318.8*74.3216.0116.0100.118.8*5.281.279.4*1.8Queensland*1.643.520.2*87.7303.1171.1132.026.6*4.9105.4104.7*0.7Victoria*1.239.119.9*51.3355.8216.8139.027.7*4.4111.4107.1*4.2New South Wales
AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N
*13.178.7*16.7*27.33.8*0.83.0*0.5*0.52.5*1.2*1.3Australian Capital Territory*12.691.9*13.8*16.45.4*0.45.0*0.7*0.74.30.83.5Northern Territory*14.389.6*16.0*25.88.2*0.87.3*1.2*1.26.12.83.4Tasmania
*8.888.9*9.9*14.139.4*4.435.1*3.5*3.531.610.521.1Western Australia18.285.325.432.122.4*3.319.14.84.114.25.68.6South Australia16.684.520.631.794.214.679.616.415.763.229.533.8Queensland16.386.923.029.755.17.247.911.09.036.815.621.3Victoria10.488.214.817.4112.013.298.714.611.684.129.055.2New South Wales
NO T AT T E N D I N G FU L L - T I M E ED U C A T I O N
%%%%'000'000'000'000'000'000'000'000
Total
Looking
for f/t
workTotal
Looking
for f/t
workTotal
Part
time
Full
time
Unemployment
to population
ratio – looking
for full-time
work
Participation
rate
UNEMPLOYMENTRATE
Civilian
population
aged
15–19
years
Not in
labour
force
Labour
force
UNEMPLOYEDEMPLOYED
PERSONS AGED 15– 19 YEARS, States & ter r i to r ies :
Or ig ina l —June 201516
26 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
(a) Gross flows figures do not match published labour force estimates. Refer to gross flows in Glossary.
15 289.95 155.410 134.5559.89 574.82 972.76 602.1Matched Civilian Population5 097.14 791.8305.3129.7175.6117.358.2Not in Labour Force
10 192.9363.69 829.2430.19 399.22 855.36 543.8Labour Force568.5133.1435.5348.886.749.537.2Unemployed Total
9 624.4230.69 393.881.39 312.52 805.96 506.6Employed Total3 001.8149.12 852.748.02 804.62 500.3304.3Employed Part time6 622.681.46 541.133.36 507.9305.66 202.3Employed Full time
PE R S O N S
7 763.13 074.94 688.1265.14 423.12 052.52 370.5Matched Civilian Population3 050.72 870.4180.272.1108.174.933.2Not in Labour Force4 712.4204.54 507.9192.94 315.01 977.62 337.4Labour Force
270.173.3196.8157.439.427.012.4Unemployed Total4 442.3131.24 311.135.54 275.61 950.62 325.0Employed Total2 075.792.71 983.026.61 956.41 771.0185.4Employed Part time2 366.638.52 328.18.92 319.2179.62 139.6Employed Full time
FE M A L E S
7 526.82 080.45 446.4294.75 151.7920.14 231.5Matched Civilian Population2 046.41 921.3125.157.667.542.425.1Not in Labour Force5 480.4159.15 321.3237.15 084.2877.74 206.5Labour Force
298.459.8238.6191.347.322.424.9Unemployed Total5 182.099.35 082.745.85 036.9855.34 181.6Employed Total
926.156.4869.621.4848.2729.3118.9Employed Part time4 256.042.94 213.124.44 188.7126.04 062.7Employed Full time
MA L E S
'000'000'000'000'000'000'000
Matched
Civilian
Population
Not in
Labour
Force
Labour
ForceUnemployed
Employed
Total
Employed
Part time
Employed
Full time
LABOUR FORCE STATUS IN JUNE 2015
Labou r fo r ce sta tu s in
May 2015
LABOUR FORCE STATUS GROSS FLOWS, MATCHED RECORDS MAY 2015 AND JUNE
2015(a) : Or ig ina l17
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 27
10.05.712.710.16.013.310.56.313.8Australian Capital Territory8.94.46.28.64.05.88.43.95.5Northern Territory
17.611.028.218.311.228.818.010.928.2Tasmania12.67.5110.812.77.6110.112.67.5109.5Western Australia17.39.885.817.49.684.116.69.279.6South Australia14.68.4212.015.08.7218.315.38.7218.1Queensland14.28.4264.514.58.7272.515.29.0282.7Victoria13.88.2319.714.28.4327.814.48.3325.3New South Wales
PE R S O N S
16.410.5608.616.710.8617.717.010.8618.4Australia
10.05.45.79.85.45.710.66.16.5Australian Capital Territory8.54.93.18.75.03.28.65.03.2Northern Territory
20.014.317.121.114.917.820.614.417.2Tasmania14.610.266.414.610.466.615.010.567.5Western Australia20.012.450.619.912.048.919.311.646.6South Australia16.110.5122.916.610.9127.717.211.1129.0Queensland17.110.7156.217.311.0158.617.511.1160.0Victoria16.410.4186.516.910.7192.216.910.7190.9New South Wales
FE M A L E S
12.16.4431.312.56.5440.412.76.6443.4Australia
10.06.17.010.36.67.610.46.47.3Australian Capital Territory9.34.03.18.63.22.58.23.02.3Northern Territory
15.58.111.215.97.910.915.87.910.9Tasmania10.95.444.311.15.443.510.75.242.0Western Australia14.97.535.215.27.635.214.37.132.9South Australia13.36.789.113.66.890.613.66.789.1Queensland11.76.4108.212.26.7113.913.37.3122.7Victoria11.66.3133.212.06.4135.612.26.3134.4New South Wales
MA L E S
%%'000%%'000%%'000
Labour
force under-
utilisation rate
Under-
employment
rate
Under-
employed
workers
Labour
force under-
utilisation rate
Under-
employment
rate
Under-
employed
workers
Labour
force under-
utilisation rate
Under-
employment
rate
Under-
employed
workers
ORIGINALSEASONALLY ADJUSTEDTREND
LABOUR UNDERUT IL ISAT ION (AGED 15 YEARS & OVER) , States & ter r i to r ies —May 201521
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 31
EF F E C T OF NE W SE A S O N A L L Y AD J U S T E D ES T I M A T E S ON TR E N D ES T I M A T E S
1.01.31.54.32.93.32.23.12.52.31.9ptsTotal1.11.31.74.01.53.42.53.02.22.22.1ptsLooking for p/t work2.33.82.814.15.57.24.37.05.86.43.4ptsLooking for f/t work
Unemployment rate15.09.910.71.40.71.14.42.97.95.99.4'000Not in labour force11.38.28.10.80.30.93.32.25.44.37.3'000Labour force
8.15.36.10.50.30.61.91.84.64.24.6'000Total6.04.34.20.40.10.51.51.22.83.23.6'000Looking for p/t work5.43.14.40.30.30.41.21.33.52.42.8'000Looking for f/t work
Unemployed
10.27.67.30.70.30.83.01.94.83.86.6'000Total8.97.06.10.70.20.72.51.74.13.55.5'000Part time5.63.84.80.40.20.51.81.12.51.84.1'000Full time
0.10.20.20.50.70.50.40.50.40.30.3ptsTotal0.20.30.50.90.80.80.60.70.60.50.5ptsLooking for p/t work0.20.30.20.60.80.70.50.60.50.40.3ptsLooking for f/t work
Unemployment rate42.235.831.03.13.03.511.98.222.521.124.4'000Not in labour force44.733.335.83.03.03.512.68.820.323.328.5'000Labour force
18.912.613.71.11.01.45.74.09.19.411.0'000Total9.67.46.00.50.20.82.72.04.75.45.4'000Looking for p/t work
16.010.112.20.90.91.15.03.68.17.69.5'000Looking for f/t workUnemployed
43.932.434.83.02.93.412.48.619.922.628.1'000Total26.521.313.82.00.82.38.35.611.612.518.3'000Part time38.523.131.82.82.42.911.47.317.418.125.6'000Full time
EmployedAged 15 years and over
PersonsFemalesMales
AUSTRALIA
ACTNTTas.WASAQldVic.NSW
To illustrate, let us say the published level estimate for employed persons aged
15–19 years is 700,000 and the associated standard error is 9,000. The standard error is
then used to interpret the level estimate of 700,000. For instance, the standard error of
9,000 indicates that:
There are approximately two chances in three that the real value falls within the
range 691,000 to 709,000 (700,000 + or – 9,000)
There are approximately nineteen chances in twenty that the real value falls within
the range 682,000 to 718,000 (700,000 + or – 18,000).
The real value in this case is the result we would obtain if we could enumerate the total
population.
The following table shows the standard errors for this month's level estimates.
LEVEL ESTIMATES
The estimates in this publication are based on information gained from the occupants of
a sample survey of dwellings. Because the entire population is not surveyed, the
published original, seasonally adjusted and trend estimates are subject to sampling error.
The most common way of quantifying such sampling error is to calculate the standard
error for the published estimate or statistic. For more information, see paragraphs 25 to
27 of the Explanatory Notes.
ST A N D A R D ER R O R S
40 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
S T A N D A R D E R R O R S
— nil or rounded to zero (including null cells)
0.40.50.61.52.21.30.91.21.00.70.6ptsUnemployment to population ratio –
1.11.41.65.13.43.42.43.32.62.42.0ptsTotal1.11.41.85.21.43.62.73.32.32.32.3ptsLooking for p/t work2.54.43.016.36.77.74.97.46.46.93.7ptsLooking for f/t work
Unemployment rate9.16.56.90.70.80.72.81.83.84.85.9'000Not in labour force7.45.55.50.60.50.72.31.53.23.94.7'000Labour force
8.25.66.10.70.40.72.31.94.14.24.7'000Total6.34.54.40.6—0.51.81.42.53.43.9'000Looking for p/t work5.43.44.40.30.40.41.51.33.12.52.9'000Looking for f/t work
Unemployed
6.75.15.00.50.50.62.11.42.93.54.4'000Total6.04.84.20.50.40.51.81.22.63.33.8'000Part time3.92.73.40.30.40.41.30.81.71.72.7'000Full time
0.20.20.20.60.70.60.40.50.40.30.3ptsTotal0.30.30.51.20.70.80.70.70.70.50.5ptsLooking for p/t work0.20.30.20.60.80.70.50.60.50.40.3ptsLooking for f/t work
Unemployment rate29.522.018.02.32.02.28.75.813.615.218.1'000Not in labour force30.119.521.32.22.12.39.26.013.615.418.6'000Labour force
18.812.613.61.30.91.45.94.39.09.411.3'000Total10.27.96.30.90.20.82.92.24.15.56.5'000Looking for p/t work15.910.012.11.10.91.25.13.77.87.59.7'000Looking for f/t work
Unemployed
29.118.920.62.12.02.28.85.512.714.918.0'000Total15.312.78.71.10.91.34.32.95.88.59.7'000Part time23.513.618.51.81.81.76.83.99.412.014.9'000Full time
EmployedAged 15 years and over
PersonsFemalesMales
AUSTRALIA
ACTNTTas.WASAQldVic.NSW
The following example illustrates how to use the standard error to interpret a movement
estimate. Let us say that one month the published level estimate for females employed
part-time in Australia is 1,890,000; the next month the published level estimate is
1,900,000 and the associated standard error for the movement estimate is 11,900. The
standard error is then used to interpret the published movement estimate of 10,000. For
instance, the standard error of 11,900 indicates that:
There are approximately two chances in three that the real movement between the
two months falls within the range – 1,900 to 21,900 (10,000 + or – 11,900)
There are approximately nineteen chances in twenty that the real movement falls
within the range – 13,800 to 33,800 (10,000 + or – 23,800).
The following table shows the standard errors for this month's movement estimates.
MOVEMENT ESTIMATES
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 41
S T A N D A R D E R R O R S continued
The estimation methodology used in the Labour Force Survey. Composite Estimationuses sample responses from nearby months as well as from the reference month toderive estimates for the reference month. This approach achieves gains in efficiency byexploiting the high similarity between the responses provided by the same respondent in
Composite Estimation
All usual residents of Australia aged 15 years and over except members of the permanentdefence forces, certain diplomatic personnel of overseas governments customarilyexcluded from census and estimated population counts, overseas residents in Australia,and members of non-Australian defence forces (and their dependants) stationed inAustralia.
Civilian population aged 15years and over
Persons aged 15-24 years enrolled full time at a TAFE college, university, or othereducational institution in the reference week, except those persons aged 15-19 yearswho were still attending school.
Attending tertiary educationalinstitution full time
Persons aged 15-19 years enrolled at secondary or high school in the reference week.Attending school
Persons aged 15-24 years enrolled at secondary or high school or enrolled as a full timestudent at a Technical and Further Education (TAFE) college, university, or othereducational institution in the reference week.
Attending full time education
Aggregate monthly hours worked measures the total number of actual hours worked byemployed persons in a calendar month. It differs from the actual hours worked estimates(and the usual hours worked estimates) since these refer only to the hours worked inthe reference week.
The methodology used to produce aggregate monthly hours worked means that theseare synthetic estimates. Seasonally adjusted and trend estimates of aggregate monthlyhours worked are available for the period July 1978 onwards.
Further information on the methodology used to produce the aggregate monthly hoursworked estimates is available on the ABS website in Information Paper: Expansion ofHours Worked Estimates from the Labour Force Survey (cat. no. 6290.0.55.001).
Actual and usual hours worked cannot be aggregated across time to produce eitherquarterly or annual estimates as they relate to only a single week in the month. Incontrast, aggregate monthly hours worked estimates are a true monthly measure, andmay be aggregated across time to produce both quarterly and annual estimates.
Aggregate monthly hoursworked
Actual hours of work refers to a specified reference period and includes:hours actually worked during normal periods of work;time spent in addition to hours worked during normal periods of work (includingovertime);time spent at the place of work on activities such as the preparation of the workplace,repairs and maintenance, preparation and cleaning of tools, and the preparation ofreceipts, time sheets and reports;time spent at the place of work waiting or standing by; andtime corresponding to short rest periods.
Excluded are:hours paid for but not worked, such as paid annual leave, public holidays or paid sickleave;meal breaks; andtime spent on travel to and from work (excluding some self-employed).
For multiple job holders actual hours worked should equal the hours worked at all jobs.
Actual hours of work
Includes written, telephoned or applied to an employer for work; had an interview withan employer for work; answered an advertisement for a job; checked or registered with aJob Services Australia provider or any other employment agency; taken steps to purchaseor start your own business; advertised or tendered for work; and contacted friends orrelatives in order to obtain work.
Actively looking for work
42 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
G L O S S A R Y
For any group, persons who were employed or unemployed, as defined.Labour force
The matching of respondents who report in consecutive months enables analysis of thetransition of individuals between the different labour force status classifications, referredto as the matched sample. The transition counts between the different labour forcestatus classifications from one point in time to the next are commonly referred to asgross flows.
The figures presented in gross flows are presented in original terms only and do notalign with published labour force estimates. The gross flows figures are derived from thematched sample between consecutive months, which after taking account of the samplerotation and varying non-response in each month is approximately 80 percent of thesample.
Caution should be exercised when analysing these gross flows data due to:the figures presented sum to approximately 80 percent of the population values as thegross flows data are based on the matched sample only;there is no adjustment applied to account for changes due to seasonal patterns(referred to commonly as seasonal adjustment); andthe estimates of relative sizes of each transition class are subject to bias due to thematched sample being a non-representative sample.
Gross flows
Employed persons who usually worked 35 hours or more a week (in all jobs) and thosewho, although usually working fewer than 35 hours a week, worked 35 hours or moreduring the reference week.
Full time workers
Flow estimates are a measure of activity over a given period. For example, aggregatemonthly hours worked is a measure of the total number of hours worked in a calendarmonth.
Flow estimates
Estimated resident population (ERP), is Australia's official measure of the population ofAustralia and is based on the concept of usual residence. It refers to all people,regardless of nationality, citizenship or legal status, who usually live in Australia, with theexception of foreign diplomatic personnel and their families. It includes usual residentswho are overseas for fewer than 12 months. It excludes overseas visitors who are inAustralia for fewer than 12 months. Refer to Australian Demographic Statistics (cat. no.3101.0).
Estimated resident population(ERP)
For any group, the number of employed persons expressed as a percentage of thecivilian population in the same group.
Employment to populationratio
All persons aged 15 years and over who, during the reference week:worked for one hour or more for pay, profit, commission or payment in kind in a jobor business, or on a farm (comprising employees, employers and own accountworkers); orworked for one hour or more without pay in a family business or on a farm (i.e.contributing family workers); orwere employees who had a job but were not at work and were:
away from work for fewer than four weeks up to the end of the reference week; or
away from work for more than four weeks up to the end of the reference week and
received pay for some or all of the four week period to the end of the reference
week; or
away from work as a standard work or shift arrangement; or
on strike or locked out; or
on workers' compensation and expected to return to their job; or
were employers or own account workers, who had a job, business or farm, but werenot at work.
Employed
previous months. For details see Information Paper: Forthcoming Changes to LabourForce Statistics, 2007 (cat. no. 6292.0).
Composite Estimationcontinued
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 43
G L O S S A R Y continued
Employed persons aged 15 years and over who want, and are available for, more hours ofwork than they currently have. They comprise:
persons employed part time who want to work more hours and are available to startwork with more hours, either in the reference week or in the four weeks subsequentto the survey; orpersons employed full time who worked part time hours in the reference week foreconomic reasons (such as being stood down or insufficient work being available). Itis assumed that these people wanted to work full time in the reference week andwould have been available to do so.
Underemployed workers
The number of underemployed workers expressed as a percentage of the labour force.Underemployment rate
A smoothed seasonally adjusted series of estimates. See Explanatory Notes paragraphs 34to 37 for more detail.
Trend series
Stock estimates are a measure of certain attributes at a point in time and can be thoughtof as stocktakes. For example, the total number of employed persons is an account ofthe number of people who were considered employed in the Labour Force Surveyreference week.
Stock estimates
A time series of estimates with the estimated effects of normal seasonal variationremoved. See Explanatory Notes paragraphs 28 to 33 for more detail.
Seasonally adjusted series
The number of fully responding dwellings expressed as a percentage of the total numberof dwellings excluding sample loss. Examples of sample loss include: dwellings where allpersons are out of scope and/or coverage; vacant dwellings; dwellings underconstruction; dwellings converted to non-dwellings; derelict dwellings; and demolisheddwellings.
Response rate
Employed persons who usually worked fewer than 35 hours a week (in all jobs) andeither did so during the reference week or were not at work during the reference week.
Part time workers
For any group, the labour force expressed as a percentage of the civilian population aged15 years and over in the same group.
Participation rate
Persons who were not in the categories employed or unemployed, as defined.Not in labour force
The non-market sector is an industry grouping comprising the following industries:Education and training; Public administration & safety; and Health care and socialassistance. Refer to Australian System of National Accounts: Concepts, Sources andMethods, 2014 (cat. no. 5216.0).
Non-market Sector
The market sector is an industry grouping comprising the following industries:Agriculture, forestry and fishing; Mining; Manufacturing; Electricity, gas, water and wasteservices; Construction; Wholesale trade; Retail trade; Accommodation and food services;Transport, postal and warehousing; Information media and telecommunications; Financeand insurance services; Rental, hiring and real estate services; Professional, scientific andtechnical services; Administrative and support services; Arts and recreation services; andOther services. Refer to Australian System of National Accounts: Concepts, Sources andMethods, 2014 (cat. no. 5216.0).
Market sector
The number of long-term unemployed persons, expressed as a percentage of the totalunemployed population.
Long-term unemploymentratio
The number of persons unemployed for 52 weeks or over.Long-term unemployed
The sum of the number of persons unemployed and the number of persons inunderemployment, expressed as a proportion of the labour force.
Labour force underutilisationrate
A classification of the civilian population aged 15 years and over into employed,unemployed or not in the labour force, as defined. The definitions conform closely tothe international standard definitions adopted by the International Conferences ofLabour Statisticians.
Labour force status
44 A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5
G L O S S A R Y continued
Usual hours of work refers to a typical period rather than to a specified reference period.The concept of usual hours applies both to persons at work and to persons temporarilyabsent from work, and is defined as the hours worked during a typical week or day.Actual hours worked (for a specific reference period) may differ from usual hoursworked due to illness, vacation, strike, overtime work, a change of job, or similarreasons.
Usual hours of work
For any group, the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of thecivilian population in the same group.
Unemployment to populationratio
For any group, the number of unemployed persons expressed as a percentage of thelabour force in the same group.
Unemployment rate
Unemployed persons who:actively looked for part time work only; orwere waiting to start a new part time job.
Unemployed looking for parttime work
Unemployed persons who:actively looked for full time work; orwere waiting to start a new full time job.
Unemployed looking for fulltime work
Persons aged 15 years and over who were not employed during the reference week, and:had actively looked for full time or part time work at any time in the four weeks up tothe end of the reference week and were available for work in the reference week; orwere waiting to start a new job within four weeks from the end of the reference weekand could have started in the reference week if the job had been available then.
Unemployed
A B S • L A B O U R FO R C E • 6 2 0 2 . 0 • J U N 2 0 1 5 45
G L O S S A R Y continued
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