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Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
menguraikan jenis dan fungsi sistem
operasi pada komputer
2
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Outline Materi
Operating Systems Function
Types of Operating Systems
Utility Programs
Stand-Alone Utility Programs
3
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System Software
What is system
software?
4
Programs that control
the operations of thecomputer
Serves as the interface
between the user, the
application software,
and the computers
hardware
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Operating Systems
What are the functions of an operating
system?
5
monitor
performance
provide a user interface
provide file
management and
other utilities
establish an
Internet connection
control a
network
administer
security
start the computer manage programs
schedule jobs and
configure devices
manage
memory
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Operating System Functions
What is booting?
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Cold boot
Turning on
computer that hasbeen powered off
Warm boot
Restarting
computer that is
powered onWarm boot from Windows
desktop
Warm boot from system unit
Process of starting or restarting a computer
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Operating System Functions
What messages display on thescreen when you boot the computer?
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Operating System Functions
How does a personal computer boot up?
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Step 1. Power supply
sends signal to com-
ponents in system unit
Step 4. Results of POST are
compared with data in CMOS chip
Step 2. Processor
accesses BIOS to start
computer
Step 3. BIOS runs tests,
called the POST, to
check components such
as mouse, keyboard,
and adapter cards
Step 5. BIOS looks for system files
in floppy disk drive or CD/DVD
drive, and then hard disk
Step 6. Kernel (core) of operating
system loads into RAM
Step 7. Operating system loads
configuration information and
displays desktop on screen
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Operating System Functions
What is a user interface?
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command-line interface menu-driven interface
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how
information displays on screen
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Operating System Functions
What is a graphicaluser interface (GUI)?
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User interacts with
menus and visual
images such as iconsand buttons
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Operating System Functions
What is single user/multitasking?
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Foreground contains
program you are using
Background contains
programs that arerunning but are not
in use
Working on two or
more programs that
reside in memory atsame time
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Operating System Functions
How does an operating system schedulejobs?
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Transferring itemsTransferring items
between storagebetween storage
and memoryand memory
SendingSending
informationinformation
to output deviceto output device
ProcessingProcessinginstructionsinstructions
Receiving dataReceiving data
from input devicefrom input device
Adjusts schedulebased on
jobs priority
AAjobjob is operationis operation
the processor managesthe processor manages
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Operating System Functions
What is spooling?
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Sending print jobs to buffer instead of
directly to printer
Print jobs line up in queue
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Operating System Functions
What is a device driver?
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DeviceDevice
DriverDriver
Program thatProgram thattells operating systemtells operating system
how to communicatehow to communicate
with devicewith device
WithWith Plug and PlayPlug and Play,,operating systemoperating system
automatically configuresautomatically configures
new devices as younew devices as you
install theminstall themAlso calledAlso called driverdriver
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Operating System Functions
What is a network operating system?
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Allows users to share printer, Internet
access, files, and programs on a network
Administers security
by establishing username and password for
each user
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is a utility program?
16
System software that performs
maintenance-type tasks
Also called
utility
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is a file manager?
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Performs functions such as copying, renaming,
deleting, and moving files
Image viewer
displays contentsof graphics file
when you double
click on it
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is an uninstaller?
18
In Windows XP,In Windows XP,
uninstaller is in Add/Removeuninstaller is in Add/Remove
Programs in Control PanelPrograms in Control Panel
Removes aRemoves a
program andprogram and
all associated filesall associated files
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is a disk scanner?
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Detects and corrects problems on
hard disk or floppy disk
Searches for and removes
unnecessary files
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is a backup utility?
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Copies selected files or entire hard disk onto
another disk or tape
Most compress files
during backup torequire less storage
space
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pera ng ys em y
Programs
What is a screen saver?
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Causes monitors screen to display moving
image or blank screen if there is no activity
for a specified time
To secure computer,user configures screen
saver to require
password to
deactivate
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Types of Operating Systems
What are some characteristics of operating
systems?
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Device-
dependentRuns only on specifictype of computer
Downward
compatibleWorks with application
software written for
earlier version of
operating system
Upwardcompatible
Runs on new versions of
operating system
Proprietary
softwarePrivately owned and
limited to specific vendor
or computer model
Device-
independentRuns on manymanufacturers
computers
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Types of Operating Systems
What are three categories of operatingsystems?
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StandStand--alonealone
EmbeddedEmbedded NetworkNetwork
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an - one pera ng
Systems
What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?
24
DD
Developed inDeveloped in
early 1980searly 1980s
for personalfor personalcomputerscomputers
OO
Used commandUsed command--lineline
interface when firstinterface when first
developed, laterdeveloped, later
included menusincluded menusSSHardly used todayHardly used today
because it doesbecause it doesnot offer GUInot offer GUI
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an - one pera ng
Systems
How do Windows versions compare?
25
Windows Version Year Released
Windows 3.x 1990
Windows NT 3.1 1993
Windows 95 1995
Windows NT Workstation 4.0 1996
Windows 98 1998
Windows Millennium Edition 2000
Windows 2000 Professional 2000
Windows XP 2001
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an - one pera ng
Systems
What is Windows XP?
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Microsofts fastest, most reliable Windows
operating system
Available in five
editions:Home Edition,
Professional Edition,
Tablet PC Edition,
Media Center Edition,
and 64-bit Edition
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an - one pera ng
Systems
What is Mac OS X?
27
Available only for computers manufactured
by Apple
Macintosh operating
system has beenmodel for most GUIs
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an - one pera ng
Systems
What is UNIX?
28
Used by power users because of its flexibility
and power
Most versions
offer GUI Both a stand-alone
and a network
operating system
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an - one pera ng
Systems
What is Linux?
29
Red Hat provides a version of Linux called Red Hat
Linux. The GNOME graphical user interface is shown
in this example.
Popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type
operating system
Open-source softwaree
code is available topublic
Both a stand-alone
and a network
operating system
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Embedded Operating Systems
What is an embedded operating
system?
30
Found on most mobile
computers, PDAs, and other
small devices Windows CE .NET is
scaled-down version of
Windows
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Embedded Operating Systems
What are two operating systems for PDAs?
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Windows Mobile 2003 for Pocket PC
Palm OS for Palm, Visor, and CLIE
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Embedded Operating Systems
What is Symbian OS?
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Open-source, multitasking operating system
designed for smart phones
Make telephone calls,
save appointments,browse Web, send
and receive e-mail
and faxes, and more
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Source : Shelly, Gary B. DiscoveringComputers (2004/2005/2006). Thomson
Course Technology. PPT for Chapter 8.
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