5e Consulting_Solid Waste Management

Proposed Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan – Baranagar Municipality

a Background – Why Solid Waste Management ?

Agenda

b Existing Situation – Problem Analysis ?

c

d

Proposed Solutions

e

Financial Impacts

f

Way Forward

Our Background

aSection

Background

Why?

we generate a lot of waste

1

population is increasing

2 India’s Population 1027 Million (As per 2001 Census) 1150 million in 2009 - approx

rapid urbanization

3 Urban Population – 285 Million , Urban Areas (Cities/Towns) – 5000+

prosperity is spreading

4 India 146 Kg per person per year(About 200-600 grams per person per day)

waste generation to double by 2025

5 At Present – 50 to 60 Million Tonnes 2025 projections – 100 to 120 Million Tonnes

Organic Waste will go up from 40 percent to 60 percentPlastic will rise from 4% to 6%Metal will escalate from 1% to 4%Glass will increase from 2% to 3%Paper will climb from 5% to 15%Others (ash, sand, grit) will decrease from 47% to 12%

so what ?

recycling is not being promoted an informal sector and is looked as a lowly job

6 Recycling % in India – 12 to 15%Recycling % in Developed Countries – 35 to 40%

collection is not efficient

7 Average collection – 60%Range Between 50 to 90%

almost all the waste generated is dumped

8 Processing/Composting– 5 to 10%dumping - 90 to 95%

consequences

?

triple bottom line – environmental, social, & economical

Processing/Composting– 5 to 10%dumping - 90 to 95%9

People (Social)•Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation•Obstruction of storm water runoff resulting in flood•Low birth weight , Cancer, Congenital malformations, neurological disease, etc.Foul Smell, discomfort, etc

Planet(Environmental)

•Methane – Green House Gas•Climate Change•Ozone Layer Depletion•Soil & Ground Water Contamination•Need for virgin materials

Profit(economical)

•Increased Capital Expenditure•Increased Operating Cost•Inefficient systems causing increased expenditure

remediation

?

R E Pefuseeuseecycleeduce

ffeciency rocess

MSW (Management And Handling) RULES, 2000

1. Be responsible for the implementation for any infrastructure development for collection, storage, segregation, transportation, processing and disposal of municipal solid wastes

2. The municipal authority or an operator of a facility shall make an application in Form-I, for grant of authorization for setting up waste processing and disposal facility including landfills from the State Board or the Committee in order to comply with the implementation programme laid down in Schedule I.

3. The municipal authority shall comply with these rules as per the implementation schedule laid down in Schedule I

4. The municipal authority shall furnish its annual report in Form-II

Responsibility of municipal authority

1. The Secretary-incharge of the Department of Urban Development of the concerned State or the Union territory, as the case may be, shall have the overall responsibility for the enforcement of the provisions of these rules in the metropolitan cities

2. The District Magistrate or the Deputy Commissioner of the concerned district shall have the overall responsibility for the enforcement of the provisions of these rules within the territorial limits of their jurisdiction.

Responsibility of the State Government

1. The State Board or the Committee shall monitor the compliance of the standards regarding ground water, ambient air, leachate quality and the compost quality including incineration standards as specified under Schedules II, III and IV.

2. The State Board or the Committee, shall examine the proposal for grant of authorization for setting up waste processing and disposal facility including landfills

3. issue the authorization in Form-III to the municipal authority or an operator of a facility within forty-five days stipulating compliance criteria and standards as specified in Schedules II, III and IV including such other conditions, as may be necessary

4. co-ordinate with the State Boards and the Committees with particular reference to implementation and review of standards and guidelines and compilation of monitoring data

Responsibility of the CPCB and the State Board

S.no Parameters Compliance criteria

1. Collection of municipal solid wastes

1. Littering of municipal solid waste shall be prohibited in cities, towns and in urban areas notified by the State Governments. To prohibit littering and facilitate compliance, the following steps shall be taken by the municipal authority, namely :-

• Organising house-to-house collection of municipal solid wastes through any of the methods, like community

bin collection (central bin), house-to-house collection, collection on regular pre-informed timings and

scheduling by using bell ringing of musical vehicle (without exceeding permissible noise levels);

• Devising collection of waste from slums and squatter areas or localities including hotels, restaurants, office

complexes and commercial areas;

• Wastes from slaughter houses, meat and fish markets, fruits and vegetable markets, which are biodegradable

in nature, shall be managed to make use of such wastes;

• Bio-medical wastes and industrial wastes shall not be mixed with municipal solid wastes and such wastes shall

follow the rules separately specified for the purpose;

• Collected waste from residential and other areas shall be transferred to community bin by hand-driven

containerised carts or other small vehicles;

• Horticlutural and construction or demolition wastes or debris shall be separately collected and disposed off

following proper norms. Similarly, wastes generated at dairies shall be regulated in accordance with the State

laws;

• Waste (garbage, dry leaves) shall not be burnt;

• Stray animals shall not be allowed to move around waste storage facilities or at any other place in the city or

town and shall be managed in accordance with the State laws.

2. The municipal authority shall notify waste collection schedule and the likely method to be adopted for public benefit in a city or town.

3. It shall be the responsibility of generator of wastes to avoid littering and ensure delivery of wastes in accordance with the collection and segregation system to be notified by the municipal authority

MSW RULES, 2000 – Schedule 2


2. Segregation of municipal solid wastes

In order to encourage the citizens, municipal authority shall organise awareness programmes for segregation of wastes and shall promote recycling or reuse of segregated materials.

The municipal authority shall undertake phased programme to ensure community participation in waste segregation. For this purpose, regular meetings at quarterly intervals shall be arranged by the municipal authorities with representatives of local resident welfare associations and non-governmental organizations.

3. Storage of municipal solid wastes

Municipal authorities shall establish and maintain storage facilities in such a manner as they do not create unhygienic and insanitary conditions around it. Following criteria shall be taken into account while establishing and maintaining storage facilities, namely :-

1. Storage facilities shall be created and established by taking into account quantities of waste generation in a given area and the population densities. A storage facility shall be so placed that it is accessible to users;

2. Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any other agency shall be so designed that wastes stored are not exposed to open atmosphere and shall be aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly;

3. Storage facilities or ‘bins’ shall have ‘easy to operate’ design for handling, transfer and transportation of waste. Bins for storage of bio-degradable wastes shall be painted green, those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be printed white and those for storage of other wastes shall be printed black;

4. Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If unavoidable due to constraints, manual handling shall be carried out under proper precaution with due care for safety of workers.



4. Transportation of municipal solid wastes

Vehicles used for transportation of wastes shall be covered. Waste should not be visible to public, nor exposed to open environment preventing their scattering. The following criteria shall be met, namely:-

1. The storage facilities set up by municipal authorities shall be daily attended for clearing of wastes. The bins or containers wherever placed shall be cleaned before they start overflowing;

2. Transportation vehicles shall be so designed that multiple handling of wastes, prior to final disposal, is avoided.

5. Processing of municipal solid wastes

Municipal authorities shall adopt suitable technology or combination of such technologies to make use of wastes so as to minimize burden on landfill. Following criteria shall be adopted, namely:-

1. The biodegradable wastes shall be processed by composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for stabilization of wastes. It shall be ensured that compost or any other end product shall comply with standards as specified in Schedule-IV;

2. Mixed waste containing recoverable resources shall follow the route of recycling. Incineration with or without energy recovery including pelletisation can also be used for processing wastes in specific cases. Municipal authority or the operator of a facility wishing to use other state-of-the-art technologies shall approach the Central Pollution Control Board to get the standards laid down before applying for grant of authorisation.

6. Disposal of municipal solid wastes

Land filling shall be restricted to non-biodegradable, inert waste and other waste that are not suitable either for recycling or for biological processing. Land filling shall also be carried out for residues of waste processing facilities as well as pre-processing rejects from waste processing facilities. Land filling of mixed waste shall be avoided unless the same is found unsuitable for waste processing. Under unavoidable circumstances or till installation of alternate facilities, land-filling shall be done following proper norms. Landfill sites shall meet the specifications as given in Schedule –III.


MSW RULES, 2000 – Schedule 3&4

Microsoft Office Word Document

best practices!

Integrated Solid Waste management

Integrated Solid Waste management

Methodology Adopted

Waste Generation

Waste Handling at

source

Primary Collection &

Transportation

Secondary Collection &

Transportation

Tertiary Collection &

Transportation

Waste Processing Disposal

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Waste Reduction

Waste Segregation &

Recycling

Efficient Collection &

Transportation


Transportation


Transportation

Efficient Operations

through Mechanization

Closure of existing landfill to avoid Env.

Hazards

Processes

Strategic Objectives

Process efficiency at different levels

Waste Reduction

Source Community Level Transfer Station Processing plant Disposal

Sorting & Recycling

Waste Processing

Waste Transformation

Disposal

Max MID NIL NIL NIL

Max MID NIL Max MID

NIL NIL NIL Max NIL

NIL NIL NIL Max NIL

NIL NIL NIL NIL Max

PPP!!

Adobe Acrobat 7.0 Document

bSection

Existing Situation

INTEGRATED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR BARANAGAR 37

Solid Waste Management in West Bengal

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling)

Rules, 2000

Section 3, 6 & 25

Managing MSW in

Environmentally Sound Manner

West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB)

Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority

(KMDA)

Municipal Engineering

Directorate (MED)

Department of Municipal Affairs

Government of West Bengal

(GoWB)

Government of India (GoI)

Nodal Agency for Technical Guidance for Waste Management

-Preparation of project Report

- Preparation of MSW Management Plan

Urban Local Body (ULB)

(For KMA Area) (For Non-KMA Area)

Solid Waste Management

Plan Project


Baranagar – An Overview

An ancient region of artisan people

Related with many great personalities like Sree Sree Chaitanya, Sree Sree Ramkrishna Paramhansa, Swami Vivekananda, Rabindra Nath Tagore and others

First statistical institute in India

First Establishment of Portuguese Colonist

First mechanical Jute Factory in India

Became famous as Industrial City during world wars

Along eastern side of Hooghly River

Heritage, Culture & Pride of West Bengal


About Baranagar

• Quick Facts• Location: Northern Outskirts of Kolkata

City• District: North 24 Parganas• Total No. of Wards: 33• Temperature

– Range: 14◦ C to 42◦ C– Average: 28◦ C

• Average Rainfall: 1278 mm

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About Baranagar

• Quick Facts• Geographical Area: 7.61 sq km• Population (2001): 2,51,000• Population (2009): 3,28,000• Gross Density:43055 PPSQKM

(2nd Highest in KMA)• 47 out of 87 slums with more than 100 families

UDPFI Guideline (Medium Sized Town)• Population : 50,000 to 5,00,000• Gross Density: 10,000 to 15,000 PPSQKM

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62.8%13.5%

9.0%4.5%

0.4%

1.5%4.0% 4.3%

Land Use BreakupExisting UDPFI

Residential CommercialIndustrial Traffic & TransportationPublic & Semi-public Recreational SpaceWater bodies Vacant Land

40.0%

3.0%8.0%12.0%

18.0%

10.0%

9.0%

-High Density Development

- Major Waste Generating Land Use, i.e., Residential, Commercial & Industrial comprises about 85% of total land of Baranagar as compared to 50-60% in other medium sized towns in India

1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 20110

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

Population Growth of Baranagar

Average Annual Growth Rate: 2 %

Higher Amount of Waste Generation

High Potential Waste Management


Waste Generation & Collection

• At Source• Per Capita Waste Generation # :

– CPHEEO: 300 – 600 gms/day– DoE, GoWB: 450 gms/day (Class I City)

• Collection• House to house collection by civic

employee• House owner collects refuse and

dumps in the nearby bin located along street

• Per Capita Waste Collection: 275 gms/day

• Total Collection: 90 MT/day• Collection Efficiency: 60%

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Waste Collection

Sr. No. Type of WasteDaily Generation

Tons/day %1 Domestic Waste 40.5 45

2Trade/Institutional Waste 9 10

3Construction waste/ Industrial waste 4.5 5

3 Market Waste 36 404 Slaughter house waste 0 0 Total 90 100# should be verified during the stages of detailed study


Waste Segregation

• At Source• No Segregation at Source

– Composite waste is dumped in vats by household

– The waste is then transported as it is using mechanized transportation

• Prior to Land Filling

• No mechanism in place to sort the waste

• Rag pickers play the role informally

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• There is no formal sorting facility

• While rag pickers sort and collect the marketable materials from the waste at informal level from dumping grounds

Prior to Processing

• Vermi-Composting Facility is installed but not in working condition

Organic-inorganic separation attempted in 2 wards.


Waste TransportationSE

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daily

twice / thrice a week

at end of every trip

household vats

municipal trailerdumping site

spill over

Collection Efficiency – 80%

limited door to door collection


Waste Processing & DisposalSE

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Waste Processing & DisposalSE

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“All waste is dumped without sorting or processing”

Sorting at Informal Level


SWM ResourcesSE

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Primary Collection Manpower: 50 persons

Collection Frequency (weekly)

a. Ward no.1 - 7 : onceb. Rest of the Wards: twice to thrice

(70% of them on contract drawing Rs.150/- per day and rest 30% permanent employee drawing average Rs.15000/- per month)

Number Type Wage

35 Contract Rs.150/Day

15 Permanent Rs.15,000/Month

S. No. Facility Number

1 Hand Cart 210

2 Garbage Vats 127

3 Tractors 9

4 Excavator 1

Facilities

OPEX Base Case (2009 – 2010)

Primary Collection & Transportation 14,000,000

Secondary Collection & Transportation 21,500,000

Tertiary Collection & Transportation

Waste Processing Waste Disposal 1,500,000

Overall Expenditure 37,000,000



What are the problems?

• ISSUE• High Amount Waste

Generation• Poor Storage Mechanism At

Source Of Collection• Low Level Of Collection• Inefficiencies In Transportation• Insufficient Storage Capacity• Poor Processing Capabilities• Obsolete And Inefficient

Disposal Mechanism

• IMPACT• Poor Health & Hygiene• Deteriorating Urban

Fabric• Degraded Quality of Life• Reduction in Property

Values• Degrading Environment• Violation of Environment

Related Laws

cSection

Proposed Solutions

Waste Generation

Waste Handling at

source


Transportation


Transportation


Transportation


1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1. Waste Generation

Stake Holders InvolvementConsumers

/Households/ Markets/

Etc

Rag PickersNGOs / Sakhi

Mandal

RMC Manageme

nt Staff

Process

RMC Permanent Field Staff

RMC Temporary Field Staff

Private Contractors

Waste Processer Consultant

Very High Medium HighMedium Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil

Strategies

Reduction of waste at source/ Education and awareness• Service Charges on the bulk Producers• Construction Debris generators should be made

to pay• Waste from shopping areas no longer overflow

in community bins• Involvement of NGO and Private Organisation -

conducting meetings, street plays, competitions, and providing dustbins to the shops in the city.

Strategic Parameters Proposed In itative

Setup a Waste Reduction Cell to take up the following activities

• Monitor ward wise waste generation and benchmark with guidelines/best practices

• Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and conduct educational programs on waste reduction

• Set up a Solid waste Testing Lab for Conducting field investigation on Composition, Characteristics & Quantities

Controllability

Impacts

Capex LOpex LInvestment Risk

I Return Period Long

1.1 Proposed Strategy

Benchmark & Set Targets for

waste reduction

Create Awareness for

waste reduction

Incentivize /Penalize

Collect Data on waste generation

Analyze Existing waste generation

pattern

1

2

3

4

5Requirements• Ward wise/HH type wise/ data collection on waste Generation• Waste Sample Collection

Investments• Set up waste sampling mechanism through waste reduction cell

Requirements• Analyze/Test Data for waste types, components, volume, quantity, quality, moisture content, Cal value, etc.

Investments• Set up waste analysis through solid waste testing lab

Requirements• Benchmark analyzed results ward wise, with other districts, across groups, cities, national, int. etc.

Investments• Consultancy charges for benchmarking lab results and target setting Requirements

• Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and conduct educational programs on waste reduction

Investments• NGO Funding• Media and Advertisement Activities• Educational Tools

Requirements• Create Municipal Laws limiting waste generation for bulk users• Penalize Abusers/ Incentivize Best Practices.

Investments• NA

Waste Generation

Waste Handling at

source


Transportation


Transportation


Transportation


1 2 3 4 5 6 7

2. Waste Handling at Source



Etc


Mandal

RMC Manageme

nt Staff

Process



Private Contractors


Very High High HighMedium Nil Nil NilMedium Medium

Strategies

Segregation & Storage of waste at source/ Education and awareness• Mandatory Segregation of hazardous waste at

source and disposal through special collection drives

• Providing separate beans to collect dry waste/recyclables to be collected once/twice a week with an incentive payout per kg through kabari system

• Promoting recycling sector (Kabari) through municipal support

Strategic Parameters Proposed Imitative

• Promotion of sorting and recycling activities • Segregation and Storage at source• Awareness campaigns through NGOs• Setup Center of waste recycling• Investment in recycling Sector• Augmentation of material recycling trade

Controllability

Impacts

Capex MOpex LInvestment Risk

I Return Period Mid


Create Market place for

Recycling Trade

Create Awareness for

waste Segregation &

Storage

Use inputs from step 1 to set up recycling targets

Facilitate recycling trade &

set up kabari networks

2

3

4

1

Requirements• Analyze/Test Data for waste types, components, volume, quantity, quality, moisture content, Cal value, etc.

Investments• As Proposed in Step 1

Requirements• Provide means and incentive to house hold for segregation of dry waste• Set up govt. approved rate to be paid to household/ ragpickers for recyclables

Investments• Containers (10 Litre containers required @ 2 Nos./household) for 40-45% of house holds

Requirements• Create Market place for assembling kabari/Rag pickers network and make them meet bulk buyers

Investments• Set up Centre for Recycling

Requirements• Facilitate NGO’s to spread awareness and conduct educational programs on waste Segregation

Investments• NGO Funding• Media and Advertisement Activities• Educational Tools

Waste Generation

Waste Handling at

source


Transportation


Transportation


Transportation


1 2 3 4 5 6 7

3. Primary Collection & Transportation



Etc


Mandal

RMC Manageme

nt Staff

Process



Private Contractors


Very High High HighMedium Nil Nil

Strategies

• 100% door to door collection services• Mechanization of collection• Efficient TEP to save time & Improve cleanliness• Mechanization of Road sweeping activities• Reduction of street litter• Effective scheduling and deployment of staff

Strategic Parameters Proposed Imitative

• Collection through a mix of Different channel (Sakhi Mandal + Private Contractors/Temporary Staff)

• Improved Hand Carts• Motorized Collection vans• Use hydraulic/Mechanical Jacks wherever

possible• Mechanical sweepers• Commercial establishment collection to be taken

up through motorized collection vans• Education and awareness programs• Waste management system deployment

Controllability

Impacts

Capex HOpex LInvestment Risk

I Return Period Mid

High High High


Performance Evaluation

Classification of wards/areas/roads as per density, suitability, etc.

Identification of best option as

per the classification

Provision & Effective

scheduling and deployment

2

3

4

1

Requirements• Identify best suitable option for the classified area as per tags and suitability/productivity/effectiveness index etc

Investments• NA

Requirements• Provide (Modify/Upgrade) TEP as per the identified requirement in step 2• Manage complete scheduling activity as per the swm it system capable of forecasting seasonal variation

Investments• Identified TEP as per the available options• SWM IT system

Requirements• Monitor productivity benchmarks for each of the systems and constantly provide feedback for realigning deployment

Investments• SWM IT system

Requirements• Classify all house hold area, commercial establishments, roads, etc on basis of density, typology, income group and other parameters

Investments• Mapping of city profile on a GIS based system

3.2 Proposed Mechanism

Channel TEP used at present Proposed TEP to be Used Focus Area

Sakhi Mandal Hand Carts Modified Hand Carts with Bearing/Locking Arrangement/Possible Hydraulic jacks

EWS, LIG, Slums

Sweepers for Residential Area - Low Housing Density

Hand Carts Motorized Auto Rickshaw with mechanical Jacks /Improved Hand Carts

MIG/HIG

Sweepers for Residential Area – Dense Housing Density

Hand Carts Tricycle Mounted cart with Mechanical Jacks/Improved Hand Carts

LIG/MIG/HIG

Sweepers for Commercial Establishments

Hand Carts Motorized Auto Rickshaw with mechanical Jacks /Improved Hand Carts

Commercial markets/identified zones with high number of commercial establishments

Road Sweeping – major roads

Manually Mechanical Sweepers for major roads Major roads as identified

Road Sweeping – Other Roads

Manually – Hand Carts Tricycle Mounted cart with Mechanical Jacks/Improved Hand Carts

Other roads


Strategy

Reduce Recycle Reuse

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Low Cost Techniques

Controlled landfills: has clay liner, leachate collection and treatment system, systematic layering and compaction of waste, regular covering, etc.)

Sanitary landfills: has geo-synthetic liner, leachate collection and treatment system, passive venting, proper operation)

Bio-reactor landfills: designed and operated as bio-reactor / anaerobic digestor. 15-25% less land requirement compared to sanitary landfills; maximization of LFG generation with time

Composting (windrow or passive)

In-vessel composting is not low cost technology, but well established and effective treatment process especially with MSW having high organic fraction (>40%), low land availability (small footprint), odor problems, problems siting of treatment facility

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Incineration

Combustion of raw MSW, moisture less than 50%

Sufficient amount of oxygen is required to fully oxidize the fuel

Combustion temperatures are in excess of 850oC

Waste is converted into CO2 and water concern about toxics (dioxin, furans)

Any non-combustible materials (inorganic such as metals, glass) remain as a solid, known as bottom ash (used as feedstock in cement and brick manufacturing)

Fly ash APC (air pollution control residue) particulates, etc

Needs high calorific value waste to keep combustion process going, otherwise requires high energy for maintaining high temperatures

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Anaerobic digestion

Well known technology for domestic sewage and organic wastes treatment, but not for MSW

Biological conversion of biodegradable organic materials in the absence of oxygen at temperatures 55 to 75oC (thermophilic digestion – most effective temperature range)

Residue is stabilized organic matter that can be used as soil amendment after proper dewatering

Digestion is used primarily to reduce quantity of sludge for disposal / reuse

Methane gas generated used for electricity / energy generation or flared

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MSW Treatment Technology - Comparison

Technology Plant capacity

(tons/day)

Capital cost(M Rs)

O&M cost(Rs/ton)

Planning to Commissioning

(months)Pyrolysis 70-270 800 – 4500 4000 – 7500 12 - 30Gasification 900 750 – 8500 4000 – 7500 12 – 30Incineration 1300 1500 – 9000 4000 – 6000 54 – 96Plasma gasification

900 2500 – 4000 4000 – 7500 12 – 30

Anaerobic digestion

300 1000 – 4000 3000 - 5000 12 - 24

In vessel composting

500 2500 – 4000 1500 - 3000 9 – 15

Sanitary landfill 500 250 – 500 500 - 1000 9 – 15Bioreactor landfill

500 500 – 750 750 - 1500 12 – 18

Source: Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Technologies and Carbon Finance, Carbon Finance Unit, World Bank (2008)Assumption: Currency Conversion Factor: 1 USD = 50 INR

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MSW from Kamarhati by Dumpers to Plant

Segregation 100%

Wet Organic – Compost/

Vermicompost

Dry Organic – Green Coal

(Flurry)

Recyclable – Metals,

Plastic, Glass

Inert – Eco Bricks for

Construction

Residue Inert Material for

Landfill

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Our Plans.…..Details - 1

1. Initialization Waste from the city is brought in dumpers and brought into waste processing plant wherein it is weighed and taken for other stages of processing as shown in chart.

2. SegregationThe waste undergoes second stage of the entire process wherein it is taken to segregation, wherein the waste is segregated into three components namely:1. Wet Organic waste.2. Dry Organic waste.3. Recyclable waste (Plastic, Metal, etc.).4. Inert Materials.The segregation is done owing to the material having specific gravity. The material is allowed to pass through conveyor belt wherein dry waste and wet waste is segregated as latter being heavier settles down. Then wet waste taken to further processing, while dry waste is segregated further into recyclable material, wherein metal and usable plastic is taken as scrap and sold for recycling.

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3. Wet Organic Waste Wet waste comprises about 20 % to 30 % of total waste. Wet waste sprayed in the composting yard where heaps of waste is made and left for aerobic digestion. Regular spraying of water is done to enable speedy digestion. The heap is left for 40 days during which the waste is overturned manually regularly so as the aeration is achieved. After 40 days wet waste gets transformed into organic compost.

4. Dry Organic Waste.Dry waste forms 30 to 40 % of waste which utilized for making green coal or fluff as it is commercially called. The process is briefly described as below: Hand sorting of large size high calorific value material from platform sort conveyor. Pass mixed garbage through screening cum bag cutting trammel. Divert under size wet/green material with low C.V. for composting Carry forward woody material including pre-separated material / and paper products for shredding. Dry the shredded material Crushing of dry material for size reduction. Compress the fluff for densification or feed directly to boiler. Store the compressed fuel pellets for use in boiler or open sale.

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5. Recyclable WasteFifth stage of entire process is segregation of recyclable waste like rubber, metal, plastic which bore economic importance in junk market. The metals are separated by magnetic separators whereas rubber is hand picked at the platform sort conveyor. Finally plastic is separated at time of segregation. This waste comprises of about 3% to 5% of total waste and such waste is sold. 6. Inert MaterialsFinally the last stage of process which is of utmost importance as it decides the one of major constituent of waste which used to go to landfill site until now. The inert materials which mainly were send to sanitary landfill in most of processing plant of yet. But Bio Vision has come out with technology and innovation which has made possible to use the most of MSW and very less as 10% to 15% of total waste goes to Sanitary Landfill site. Finally the residue from this process which is as less as 10% to 15%, is sent for Land fill in Sanitary Land fill Site.

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Our Plans.…..Outcome

OUTCOMEThe results has been very encouraging and which has made waste plant first of its kind incountry. It is first of fully Integrated Waste Processing Plant. The entire waste of 150 MT ofMSW is processed into;

Bio Fertilizer: 35 MT Fluff (Green Coal): 20 MTEco – Bricks: 7500Recyclable : Metals, Plastic and others

SUSTAINABILITYFor any project to be successful, it has to pass through the litmus test of sustainability.Again the private operators would survive in market and also continue the project only ifit is profitable to him so we seek your support to make us effort a success.

We are facing problem for combating which we all need to participate towards one goalA Greener Future…………………………….

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Base Level Systems Architecture (Field Modules)

1. Waste Generation Module(Solid Waste Lab)

• Colony Wise/Ward wise/Zone wise Data collection, analysis & reporting on

• Waste Generation qty/Tren.• Waste Type • Waste Characteristics• Waste lab results• Recyclable Contents

CENTRALDATABASE

2. Recycling & Segregation Pattern (Centre for Recycling & Reuse)

• Colony Wise/Ward wise/Zone wise Data collection, analysis & reporting on

• Amount of recyclables present

• % Segregation done• Amount paid to consumers• Amount paid to Kabadi NW

3. Primary Collection & Transportation Module

(Ward Offices)

• Colony Wise/Ward wise/Zone wise Data collection, analysis & reporting on• % door to door collection• Scheduling of staff• Efficiency of various

systems/modes• User’s feedback/performance

4. Secondary Collection & Transportation Module

(Transfer Stations)

• Colony Wise/Ward wise/Zone wise Data collection, analysis & reporting on• Efficiency of secondary

transportation• Rated vs. actual capacities• Scheduling of dumpers viz-a viz

to tippers, etc.

5. Tertiary Collection & Transportation Module

(Waste Processing Plant)

• Zone wise Data collection, analysis & reporting on• Efficiency of tertiary

Transportation systems• Rated vs. Actual load capacities• Travel Time• Optimum Utilization of Resources

6. Waste Processing/ waste conversion/ To landfill(Landfill Office/WPP)

• Daily/Weekly/Monthly/Quarterly /Yearly data collection, analysis & reporting on

• Quality & Quantity of waste supplied

• Amount of waste transformation/ Utilization

• Diversion to landfill site

Base Level Systems Architecture (HQ Modules)

1. Resource Planning Module (Head Office)

•Projection on waste generations•Productivity matrices & Norms•Staff on Rolls•Resources at disposal•Seasonal Variation•Contractors availability•Resources NA due to maintenance

CENTRALDATABASE

2. Financial Payout Centre

• WO generated against Each Contractor/Payment Centers•Planned Versus/Actual Works•Bills of Certification•Payout Schedule•Financial Performance reporting

3. On Line Route/Ideal Time Monitoring

• GPS Based Tracking of Resources – Tippers/Dumpers/JCB/Etc• Ideal time Monitoring • Route Planning and deviation Monitoring•Breakdown Support•Synchronization of Primary and secondary transportation means

4. Warehouse

• Resources On Field• Resources Forecast Schedule• Consumables Requirement Schedule • Resources & cons. Available at store• Consumptions comparison Etc.

5. Maintenance Centre(Workshop)

• Resource performance• Maintenance schedule• Wear & Tear Status• Depreciation Schedule• Projections to store•Others

6. Performance Monitoring (Ward level/Zone Level/ HO)

• Over all performance monitoring wrt to the following

• Waste Generation patterns• Waste Handling at source• Efficiency of primary

/Sec/Tert collection• Efficiency of WPP & Landfills

WBS Levels for Data Collection Tags

Rajkot City Solid Waste Management

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3

Ward X1- X10 Ward X11- X20 Ward X21- X30

Streets AA- AZ Streets BA- BZ Streets CA-CZ

Colonies/Society Colonies/Society Colonies/Society

Municipal Coll. Points



Other Tags attached to primary tags

HIG MIG LIG EWS

Pop. Density Area Housing Density Population Proj.

Prim Coll Meth Sec. Coll Meth Transfer. ST. Ward Office

dSection

Financial impacts

eSection

Way Forward

fSection

Our Background

5e Consulting_Solid Waste Management

Documents

collection of waste

waste collection schedule

lot of waste

demolition wastes

wastes biomedical wastes

industrial wastes

delivery of wastes

average collection