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nothing) .
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. .
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. , .2) , . , (rhetoric) (slogan) .
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, , (home sapiens sapiens) (home machine) . 2020 2 73 . 2060
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.
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? ? (human) , , . (Acorn School) 10 . . (digital native) , . SW
.
(browsing the net), (learning objects), (simulations) , (online
course credits), , OCW . 3, . (dual-coding theory) 3) (logogens)
(imagens) . (stimulus on) (imagined stimulus) .
. . . MP3 .4) .
3) Mayer, Richard E.; Sims, Valerie K.(1994), For whom is a
picture worth a thousand words? Extensions of a dual-coding theory
of multimedia learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol
86(3), 389-401. [Abstract] In 2 experiments, high- and low-spatial
ability students viewed a computer-generated animation and listened
simultaneously (concurrent group) or successively (successive
group) to a narration that explained the workings either of a
bicycle tire pump (Exp 1) or of the human respiratory system (Exp
2). The concurrent group generated more creative solutions to
subsequent transfer problems than did the successive group; this
contiguity effect was strong for high- but not for low-spatial
ability students. Consistent with a dual-coding theory, spatial
ability allows high-spatial learners to devote more cognitive
resources to building referential connections between visual and
verbal representations of the presented material, whereas
low-spatial ability learners must devote more cognitive resources
to building representation connections between visually presented
material and its visual representation.
4) () . .
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.
. (, , , ) . . .
, (Luddite Movement) . , . , 5) . . .
(KERIS) SMART (Technology embedded), (Resource enriched),
(Adaptive), (Motivated),
5) 82% 30% . , . , . . . , () . 10% . . 100 95, 90, 105, 110 . ,
.
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(2011.10.13 ) . , (11. 6. 29, ) . , , 21 .
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11 500 15,000 12 1,100 33,000
- : 4 (12) (15)
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- : 15 20,000
- : 50(12)80(13)100(14)
- , ,
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- : 2,880(12) 5,760(13) 11,200(15)
- ISP (12) (13)
- : 30%(13) 60%(14) 90%(15)
7 28 . (12) , .
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, , . SW . () . . (, ), , EXCEL, , SNS(, , ), SPSS/SAS , CAD,
Matlab/Mathematica, (C, Python, Perl, Java, scratch ), , (, ), , ,
Algorithm, (NXT, ) . . ( )
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(breakthrough) . . , . . , , .7)
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.
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, , , , , , . , , . ! 8 , 10 [] ? . , . , , . .
, ,
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- (bodily-kinesthetic) (spatial) (naturalist) (musical)
(linguistic) - (logical-mathematical) (intrapersonal - ) /
(spirtuality/existential) (interpersonal)
() , , . , , , , , , , . , , , . () . , , , ( , , , , ) , , , .
, . .
. , , , , . , . (, ) . , , (simulation), ,
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, , , (, 2000). , , . .
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hypertext, hyperlink , , . . , . hypertext , () , () . , . , . ,
. , . , , , , . () , , , () . .
. . .
-
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. .
- (browsing).- .- .- , Why .-
.- .- .
, , , . (), , ( , ), . (Marzano & Heflebower, 2011).
, ? ?
. . . .
.
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. , , . . , , .
, ?
. , . . . J. S. Bruner (enactive) (iconic) , (symbolic) .
(visualization) . Dual-coding system . , , , , , , , . , , ,
.
, . . . , . ,
-
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( , ) . , . . 2 3 .
. , , . , , . . , , , , , , , , , , , , , . , , , 8). , . .
. . 3D . difficult easy, dirty clean, dangerous safe .
, 3Rs ? .
, , , . . . . .
8) , (, ), ( ).
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. . , , , . . . . , . CBT , .
, , , , , , , .
, , (incubation) . , . . . - , . ? ? ? , .
, ?
. . . EBS, . 2 3 , .
-
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. , .
. . , , . , , , , , , . . . , , . .
5. , () , ,
, . , . , , , . , , (vision) .
. , , ( ) .
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. . , , , , . , , , .
, (reduction) . . ( ) ( ) . . , , , , .
(2007.3.15), .______________(2011.10.13), ., (2010), 2010 .
(2004), " ",
., , (2011), 2010 ,
.(2006), u-Learning ,
24.(2010), , SNU Press., , (2010),
, . (2005), 2005 , . (2008), , . (2010), , .(2010), , 51.(2000),
, , 10, , 6-11.
-
- 23 -
(1997), " ", . (2004), " ", .(2000), ; 21(2000 10). 61-67.
(2011), , .(2011), . PPT . (2000), 21 . ., , , , , , (2011),
2.0
() , . , (2010), ,
.(2011), ,
, 51 . (1999), . : .(2010), , ., , , (2006), , ()
.(2006), . : () . (2000), ,
().______(2011a), . : .______(2011b), ,
(10 21, )., (2011), :
, () .Bellanca, James & Brandt, Ron(Eds.)(2010), 21st
Century Skills: Rethinking how
students learn, Bloomington, IN: Solution Tree Press. , 21 (1),
.
Bobbitt, F.(1918), The Curriculum. Boston:
Houghton-Mifflin.Brown, John Seely(Mar./Apr. 2000). Growing up
digital: how the Web changes
work, education, and the ways people learn, Change, 32(2),
10-20.Comenius, J.A.(1658), Orbis Sensualium Pictus. (1997).
. : .Eisner, E. W.(1985), The educational imagination(2nd ed.).
New York: Macmillan.Francek, Mark A.(Mar. 2000), The Web as
instructional tool: advantages and
disadvantages. Learning and Leading with Technology, 27(6),
10-13.
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Goldstein, E. B.(2010), Cognitive Psychology: Connecting mind,
research, and everyday experiences(3rd ed.), Kindle Edition.
Kilpatrick, W. H. (1918), The project method. Teachers College
Record, 19 (September), 319-335.
Marzano, Robert J. & Heflebower, Tammy(2011), Teaching and
Assessing 21st Century Skills: The classroom strategies series,
Marzano Research Laboratory. , 21 (1), .
Palloff, R.M. & Pratt, K. (2000), Building Learning
Communities in Cyberspace. (2000), . : .
Rushkoff, D.(1996), Playing the Future. , . : .