56911428-CASE-STUDY-WIKIPEDIA.doc

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EKTA .D. CHORDIA KAUSHAL DALWADI

08-ITG-71

080410116071

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CERTIFICATE This is to certify that MISS. EKTA

.D. CHORDIA I.D. No. : 08-itg-71

(080410116014) of programme t.y.i.t - A (v sem)

has satisfactorily Completed his term work in

Course E-Commerce for the term ending in

NOVEMBER 2010.

STAFF IN CHARGE: HEAD OF

KAUSHAL DALWADI DEPARTMENT:

DATE:

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INDEX

1. TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………1

2. CERTIFICATE………………………………………………………………………………………………………..2

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………………………………..…4

4. About E-Commerce…………………………………………………………………………….5

5. What Is Wikimedia Foundation……………………………………………………………..7

6. History and growth..............................................................................................9

7. What Is Wikipedia ………..………………………………………………………………………………..11

8. Advantages Of Freely Licensed Wikipedia………………………..…..…….13

9. Free Software…………..…………………….……………………………………………….…….……16

10. How big is wikipedia ……………………………………………………….……………………….……..17

11. How popular is wikipedia………………………………………………… …….……….…..….…..18

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12. Swot analysis……………………………………………………………………………………………..……….19

13. Edit across namespaces……………………………………………………………….………………..20

14. Two views of wikipedia………………………………………………………………….……….……….21

15.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………….22

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A Seminar is a very important part of the technical curriculum and that to

when bachelor program, which is aimed at developing fundamental concept of a

technical subject. The educational level of student is raised as his theoretical

and practical understanding becomes more powerful. A seminar on a particular

subject will grow and interest for a deep knowledge on particular topic. A

seminar on different topics for each and every student will always expand the

span of technical knowledge in student. It builds up cooperation help us to

develop confidence and makes effective communication in student.

I wish to express my deep sense of gratitude of “KAUSHAL DALWADI”

Of “Information Technology Dept”, S.V.I.T.VASAD for guiding and helping us to

prepare the project on “Wikipedia”.

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I heartily acknowledge his cooperation and assistance, which could spare

his valuable time and help in preparing project. I am grateful to all other friends,

who helped me in my project. Lastly, I would express my wholehearted

appreciation to the SVIT family for the continuous support, encouragement and

invaluable tips.

What is E-commerce? Electronic commerce or e-commerce refers to wide range of online

business activities for products and services.

E-commerce is the use of Electronic communications and digital

information processing technology.

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TYPES OF E-COMMERCE

BUSINESS To CONSUMER (B2C)

BUSINESS To BUSINESS (B2B)

BUSINESS TO GOVERNMENT (B2G)

CONSUMER TO CONSUMER (C2C)

Business processes that support buying and selling

activities

Business processes that support buying and selling activities

BUSINESS TO CONSUMER(B2C) Business sell product or service to individual consumers. Ex.Walmart.com sells merchandise to consumer through its website.

BUSINESS TO BUSINESS(B2B) Business sell product or service to other companies. Ex.Grainger.com sells industrial supplies to small and large businesses

through its website.

Business processes that support buying and selling activities Business and other organizations maintain and use information to

identify and evaluate customers ,suppliers ,and employees. Increasingly ,businesses share this information in carefully managed

ways with their customers ,suppliers ,employees ,and business partners.

Ex.Dell Computer uses secure Internet connections to share current sales and sales forecast information with suppliers. The suppliers can use this information to plan their own production

and deliver components parts to Dell in the right quantities at the right time.

Consumer to Consumer(C2C) Participants in an online marketplace can buy and sell goods to each

other. Because one party is selling, and thus acting as a business ,so C2C as

a part of B2C E-Commerce. Ex

Consumers and businesses trade with each other in the eBay.com online marketplace.

BUSINESS TO GOVERNMENT(B2G) Business sell goods or services to government agencies, so B2G as a

part of B2C E-Commerce. Ex.CAL-Buy portal for business that want to sel online to the State of

California.

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What Is Wikimedia Foundation ?

Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. is a non-profit charitable organization

headquartered in San Francisco, California, United States, and organized

under the laws of the state of Florida, where it was initially based.

It operates several online collaborative wiki projects including Wikipedia,

Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikibooks, Wikisource, Wikimedia Commons,

Wikispecies, Wikinews, Wikiversity, Wikimedia Incubator and Meta-Wiki.

Its flagship project, Wikipedia, ranks among the top ten most-visited

websites worldwide.

The creation of the foundation was officially announced on June 20, 2003

by Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales, who had been operating Wikipedia

under the aegis of his company Bomis.

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Goals :-

The Wikimedia Foundation falls under section 501(c)(3) of the US Internal

Revenue Code as a public charity.

Its National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) code is C60 (Adult,

Continuing Education).

The foundation's by-laws declare a statement of purpose of collecting and

developing educational content and to disseminate it effectively and

globally.

The Wikimedia Foundation's stated goal is to develop and maintain open

content, wiki-based projects and to provide the full contents of those

projects to the public free of charge.

This is possible thanks to its Terms of Use (updated and approved on June

2009, to adopt CC-BY-SA license).

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History and growth :-

Jimmy Wales, Founder of the Wikimedia Foundation, in December 2008

The Wikimedia Foundation was created from Wikipedia and Nupedia on

June 20, 2003.

It applied to the United States Patent and Trademark Office to trademark

Wikipedia on September 17, 2004.

The mark was granted registration status on January 10, 2006. Trademark

protection was accorded by Japan on December 16, 2004, and in the

European Union on January 20, 2005.

Technically a service mark, the scope of the mark is for: "Provision of

information in the field of general encyclopedic knowledge via the

Internet.

There are plans to license the use of the Wikipedia trademark for some

products, such as books or DVDs.

The name "Wikimedia" was coined by American author Sheldon Rampton

in a post to the English mailing list in March 2003.

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With the foundation's announcement, Wales also transferred ownership of

all Wikipedia, Wiktionary and Nupedia domain names to Wikimedia along

with the copyrights for all materials related to these projects that were

created by Bomis employees or Wales himself.

The computer equipment used to run all the Wikimedia projects was also

donated by Wales to the foundation, which also acquired the domain

names "wikimedia.org" and "wikimediafoundation.org".

In April 2005, the US Internal Revenue Service approved (by letter) the

foundation as an educational foundation in the category "Adult,

Continuing Education", meaning all contributions to the Wikimedia

Foundation are tax deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

On December 11, 2006, the Wikimedia Foundation board noted that the

corporation could not become the membership organization initially

planned but never implemented due to an inability to meet the

registration requirements of Florida Statute.

Accordingly, the bylaws were amended to remove all reference to

membership rights and activities.

The decision to change the bylaws was passed by the board unanimously.

On September 25, 2007, the Wikimedia Foundation board gave notice

that the operations would be moving to the San Francisco Bay Area. Major

considerations cited for choosing San Francisco were proximity to like-

minded organizations and potential partners as well as cheaper and more

convenient international travel than is available from St. Petersburg.

The one billionth edit to a Wikimedia project took place in April 16, 2010.

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What Is Wikipedia ?

Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia

project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation.

Its 16 million articles (over 3.4 million in English) have been written

collaboratively by volunteers around the world, and almost all of its

articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site.

Wikipedia was launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger and is

currently the largest and most popular general reference work on the

Internet, ranking seventh among all websites on Alexa.

The name Wikipedia was coined by Larry Sanger and is a portmanteau

from wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites, from the

Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and encyclopedia.

Although the policies of Wikipedia strongly espouse verifiability and a

neutral point of view, critics of Wikipedia accuse it of systemic bias and

inconsistencies (including undue weight given to popular culture), and

allege that it favors consensus over credentials in its editorial processes.

Its reliability and accuracy are also targeted.

Other criticisms center on its susceptibility to vandalism and the addition

of spurious or unverified information, though scholarly work suggests that

vandalism is generally short-lived, and an investigation in Nature found

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that the material they compared came close to the level of accuracy of

Encyclopædia Britannica and had a similar rate of "serious errors.”

Wikipedia's departure from the expert-driven style of the encyclopedia

building mode and the large presence of unacademic content have been

noted several times.

When Time magazine recognized You as its Person of the Year for 2006,

acknowledging the accelerating success of online collaboration and

interaction by millions of users around the world, it cited Wikipedia as one

of several examples of Web 2.0 services, along with YouTube, MySpace,

and Facebook. Some noted the importance of Wikipedia not only as an

encyclopedic reference but also as a frequently updated news resource

because of how quickly articles about recent events appear.

Students have been assigned to write Wikipedia articles as an exercise in

clearly and succinctly explaining difficult concepts to an uninitiated

audience.

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Advantages Of Freely Licensed Wikipedia ?

Often, people wish to "donate" copyrighted materials to Wikipedia.

These materials may be text (including monographs, articles, etc.) or

images (including photographs).

They may or may not already be posted on some other web site. They

may or may not actually be appropriate for inclusion in Wikipedia.

This page exists to provide some guidance in these matters.

Most of what is on this page also applies to work in the public domain, but

the focus is on copyrighted materials, because they raise more

complicated issues.

When you contribute material to Wikipedia, you are not giving us

exclusive use of it. You still retain any rights you previously held, but you

are giving non-exclusive license under Creative Commons Attribution-

Sharealike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA) and the GNU Free

Documentation License (GFDL) (unversioned, with no invariant sections,

front-cover texts, or back-cover texts).

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Note that there is no way to say "you can use this in Wikipedia, but not

anywhere else or in derivative works."

Also, because some derivative works may be commercial, we cannot

accept materials that are licensed only for education use or even for

general non-commercial use.

Note, too, that the Wikimedia Foundation's Terms of Use allow text by

others or which you have co-authored with others to be imported under

CC-BY-SA or CC-BY-SA-compatible license alone, without need to verify

compatibility with GFDL, but text for which you hold the copyright yourself

must be licensed under both CC-BY-SA and GFDL.

Please be aware that the content you donate is subject to continuous

editing by the Wikipedia community.

It may be added to, subtracted from, rearranged, illustrated, split into

multiple articles, translated into other languages, and otherwise changed

beyond your expectations.

Your contribution will always be part of the page history, so you retain

credit for your work — our licenses require us to provide that credit, and

to ensure that you are not held liable in any sense for the changes others

make to your work.

Do remember that one of the benefits of this freedom to edit is that you

are freely able to incorporate the improvements that others make into

your own website or source work, so long as it remains under the CC-BY-

SA or GFDL.

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Free Software

Free software, software libre or libre software is software that can

be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be

copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without

restriction, or with minimal restrictions only to ensure that further

recipients can also do these things and that manufacturers of consumer-

facing hardware allow user modifications to their hardware.

Free software is generally available without charge, but can have a fee,

such as in the form of charging for CDs or other distribution medium

among other ways.

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In practice, for software to be distributed as free software, the human-

readable form of the program (the source code) must be made available

to the recipient along with a notice granting the above permissions.

Such a notice either is a free software license, or a notice that the source

code is released into the public domain.

The free software movement was conceived in 1983 by Richard Stallman

to satisfy the need for and to give the benefit of software freedom to

computer users.

Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to provide the

organizational structure to advance his Free Software ideas.

From 1998 onward, alternative terms for free software came into use. The

most common are software libre, free and open source software (FOSS)

and free, libre and open source software (FLOSS).

The Software Freedom Law Center was founded in 2005 to protect and

advance FLOSS. The antonym of free software is proprietary software or

non-free software.

Commercial software may be either free software or proprietary software,

contrary to a popular misconception that commercial software is a

synonym for proprietary software.

An example of commercial free software is GNAT. Free software, which

may or may not be distributed free of charge, is distinct from freeware

which, by definition, does not require payment for use.

The authors or copyright holders of freeware may retain all rights to the

software; it is not necessarily permissible to reverse engineer, modify, or

redistribute freeware.

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Since free software may be freely redistributed it is generally available at

little or no cost. Free software business models are usually based on

adding value such as applications, support, training, customization,

integration, or certification.

At the same time, some business models which work with proprietary

software are not compatible with free software, such as those that

depend on the user to pay for a license in order to lawfully use the

software product.

How Big Is Wikipedia ?

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Wikipedia currently has 3,475,973 articles in total in the English version

alone.

In a past comparison of encyclopedias, Wikipedia had about 1,400,000

articles with 340 million words in total, the Encyclopædia Britannica had

about 85,000 articles with 55 million words in total, and Microsoft's

Encarta had about 63,000 articles and 40 million words in total.

Thanks to the mass-collaboration of Wikipedians, the enlargement of

Wikipedia continues at a rapid pace, a pace much greater than that of

conventional encyclopedias.

In 15 months the publicly distributed compressed database dumps may

reach 1 terabyte total size.

Big Wikipedia Globally :-

English – 412,000 articles

German – 172,000 articles

Japanese – 87,000 articles

French – 66,000 articles

Swedish –53,000 articles

Over 1.2 million across 200 languages 19 with >10,000. 52 with

>1000

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How Popular Is Wikipedia ?

An adjective referring to any people or population

Social status, the quality of being well-liked or well-known

Popularity, the quality of being well-liked.

The mainstream, the quality of being common, well-received, in

demand

Popular culture, popular fiction, popular music

Populace, the total population of a certain place

Populism, a political philosophy seeking to use the instruments of

the state to benefit the people as a whole

Populous, a 1989 computer game, the seminal god game; see

also Populous (series)

Popular (TV series), a teenage dramedy on The WB

Popular Holdings, a Singapore-based educational book company

Popular, Inc., a Puerto Rican-based financial services company, also

known as Banco Popular inc

The Popular Magazine a former literary magazine

The Popular (Department Store) was a former department store in El

Paso, Texas

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Swot analysis

Strength Provides computer services at feasible rate especially home

services Provides Online selling of computer accessories

Weakness Economically not as sound as google Does not possess global market Great loss due to dispute

Opportunity Chances of getting the judgment in favour Global market

Threat Chances of judgment against it. Trademark dilution Competitive market

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Edits across namespaces Articles 85% Talk pages 8% User Page 3% User Talk Pages 4%

These percentages are stable in 2003 And 2004

Broad Types Social types - Socialites, Trolls Article types - Worker Bees, POV pushers Policy types - Police, Judges Controversy lovers - Moths Pseudo-users - Sock puppets, Vandals Extra-Wiki - Mailing list, IRC, Board activities, Developers

Implications

Emergent Model Need reputation mechanisms like Ebay, Slashdot Users are tiny, have no power

Community Model Reputation is a natural outgrowth of human interactions Users are powerful, must be respected

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Two Views of Wikipedia Emergent Phenomenon, pseudoDarwinian Community of thoughtful users,Emergent Phenomenon

Emergent Phenomenon

Thousands of individual users who don’t know each other each contribute

a little bit

Out of this emerges a coherent body of work

Edits by Anons - %

Controversial, intruiging

Yes, you can edit this page

Without logging in!

Anonymous ip numbers can edit Wikipedia, and do

But these edits make up a total of around 18% of all edits, with some

evidence of a downward trend over time

Anecdotally, many regular users report sometimes editing anonymously

by accident or as a quiet form of Sock Puppeting

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Conclusion

Wikipedia is a community.

Automated and artificial Slashdot-style reputation metrics are not needed

and may not be desirable.

Achieving quality levels equalling or exceeding traditional publishing

models can be expected without “emergent” magic.

Research Paper helphttps://www.homeworkping.com/

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