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Date 語言議題 13429星期
33

語言議題

Aug 07, 2015

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  1. 1. Date 13429
  2. 2. F.B. Skinners verbal behavior 50 conditioning, conditioning, and conditioning..... 13429
  3. 3. Noam Chomsky: A Review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior () http://www.chomsky.info/articles/1967----.htm (creativity): (universal grammar, UG) (acquisition) (the poverty of stimulus) 13429
  4. 4. : psycholinguistics performance (models) F.Y.I.: competence (e.g., )(e.g., ) 13429
  5. 5. words / (open-class/ contain words) / (close-class/ function words) e.g.: in, at, with, 13429
  6. 6. () Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. *Furiously sleep ideas green colorless. 13429
  7. 7. Colorless green ideas sleep furiously. 13429
  8. 8. 13429
  9. 9. William J. Rapaport (1992) buffalo(s): Buffalo: buffalo(s/ed): "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo" 13429
  10. 10. "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo" "()" 13429
  11. 11. garden path sentences [noun][verb] [ ] [particle] [ ][verb][noun] [particle] [noun][verb][noun] [particle] 13429
  12. 12. (comprehension/ recognition) (production) (words)(sentences) 13429
  13. 13. / 13429
  14. 14. David Mitchell Reading in the Brain, Stanislas Dehaene At this very moment, your brain is accomplishment an amazing featreading. Your eyes scan the page in short spasmodic movements.... 13429
  15. 15. Hebrew Pointed Unpointed 11 13429
  16. 16. Finnish Taloissanikinko? [Do you mean] in my houses, too? talo i ssa ni kin ko house plural in my also interrogative 1213429
  17. 17. Aoccdrnig to a rseearch taem at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.... Amzanig huh? Yaeh and you awlyas thguoht slpeling was ipmorantt." According to a research team at Cambridge University, it doesn't matter in what order the letters in a word are, the only important thing is that the rst and last letter be in the right place. The rest can be a total mess and you can still read it without a problem. This is because the human mind does not read every letter by itself, but the word as a whole... Amazing, huh? Yeah and you always thought spelling was important." 13429
  18. 18. 13429
  19. 19. word-superiority effect (Reicher, 1969) (20ms) 13429
  20. 20. Lexicon! Semantic! Analysis! Syntactic! Analysis! Word! Recognition! Letter/phoneme! Recognition! Formulator! Grammatical Encoding! Phonological Encoding! Articulator! Conceptualizer! Thought! 13429
  21. 21. / ()() 13429
  22. 22. lexical decision task e.g.: table, cofef, cofzth naming 13429
  23. 23. frequency : e.g., vs. regularity (): e.g., vs. orthography-to-phonology consistency : e.g., vs. Imageability, concreteness : e.g., vs. Grammatical class : e.g., vs. semantic ambiguity (e.g: bank, ) 13429
  24. 24. Double dissociation Phonological dyslexia Surface dyslexia 31 13429
  25. 25. How many routes? Coltheart et al. (1993, 2002) 26 13429
  26. 26. Strain et al. (1995) (regular vs. exception)/ (imageability, high vs. low) (parallel distribute processing), 13429
  27. 27. Strain et al. (1995) 13429
  28. 28. Coltheart Woollams, Ralph, Plaut and Patterson (2007): 50!!!!! (high vs. low)/ (regular vs. exception) / 13429
  29. 29. Woollams, Ralph, Plaut and Patterson (2007) 13429
  30. 30. Orthographic Transparency Greek Finnish German Italian Spanish Swedish Dutch Icelandic Norwegian French Portuguese Danish English 13429
  31. 31. Ziegler and Goswami (2005)14 13429
  32. 32. Phonological Grain SizeTheory Ziegler and Goswami (2005) 13429
  33. 33. e.g.: 13429