55975234 Wilderness Survival Food Procurement Fishing Devices 2010

7/30/2019 55975234 Wilderness Survival Food Procurement Fishing Devices 2010

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FISHING DEVICES

You can make your ow n f ishhooks, nets and t raps and use several m ethods to obtain f ish in asurv ival si tuat ion.

Improvised Fishhooks

You can make f ield- expedient f ishhooks f rom pins, needles, wire, smal l nai ls, or any piece ofmetal . You can also use wood, bone, coconut shel l , thorns, f l int , seashel l , or tort oise shel l .You can also make f ishhooks f rom any combinat i on of these i tem s (Figure 8 -17).

To make a wooden hook, cut a piece of hardw ood about 2.5 cent im eters long and about 6mi l l imeters in d iameter t o f orm t he shank . Cut a notch in one end in which to p lace thepo int . Place the po in t (p iece o f bone, w i re , na i l ) i n t he notch. Ho ld t he po in t i n the notch andt ie securely so t hat i t does not m ove out of pos i t ion. This is a fai r ly large hook. To makesmal ler hooks, use smal ler material .

A gorge is a smal l shaf t of wood, bone, metal , or ot her material . I t is sharp on both ends andnotched in the middl e where you t ie cordage. Bai t t he gorge by plac ing a piece of bai t on i tlengthwise. When the f ish swal lows the bai t , i t also swal lows the gorge.

Stakeout

A stakeout is a f ishing dev ice you can use in a host i le env ironment ( Figure 8 -18). To constructa s takeout , d r i ve two supp le sap l ings in to t he bot tom of the lake, pond, or st ream w i th the i r

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tops just below the water surface. Tie a cord between them and s l ight ly below the surface.Tie two short cords wi t h hooks or gorges to this cord, ensuring that they cannot wrap aroundthe poles or each other. They should also not s l ip along the long cord. Bai t the hooks orgorges.

Gill Net

I f a gi l l net is not avai lable, you can make one us ing parachute suspension l ine or simi larmater ia l ( Figure 8 -19 ). Remove the core l ines f rom the suspension l ine and t ie the eas ingbetw een tw o t rees. At t ach several core l ines to t he easing by doubl ing them over and t y ingthem wi th prus ik knots or gi r th hi tches. The length of the des ired net and the s ize of themesh determ ine the number of core l ines used and t he space between them. Start ing at oneend of the eas ing, t ie the second and t he thi rd core l ines together using an overhand knot .

Then t ie the fourth and f i f th, s ix th and seventh, and so on, unt i l you reach the last core l ine.You should now have al l core l ines t ied in pairs wi t h a s ingle core l ine hanging at each end.Star t t he second row w i th t he f i rst core l i ne, t i e i t t o the second, t he th i rd to the four th , andso on .

To keep the rows even and to regulate the s ize of the mesh, t ie a guidel ine to the t rees.Posi t ion the guidel ine on the opposi te side of the net you are work ing on. Move the guidel inedown af t er complet ing each row . The l ines wi l l always hang in pairs and you always t ie a cordf rom one pa i r t o a cord f rom an ad jo in ing pai r . Cont inue t y ing rows unt i l t he net i s thedesired w idth. Thread a suspension l ine easing along the bot tom of t he net t o s t rengthen i t .Use t he gi l l net as shown i n Figure 8 -20 .

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Fish Tr aps

You may t rap f ish using several met hods ( Figure 8 -21 ). Fish baskets are one met hod. Youconstruct them by lashing several s t icks together wi t h v ines into a funnel shape. You c lose t hetop, leav ing a hole large enough for the f ish to swim through.

You can also use t raps to catch sal twater f ish, as schools regular ly approach the shore w i ththe incoming t ide and of t en move paral lel t o the shore. Pick a locat ion at high t ide and bui ldthe t rap at low t ide. On rocky shores, use natural r ock pools. On coral islands, use naturalpools on the surface of reefs by blocking the openings as the t ide recedes. On sandy shores,use sandbars and the di tches they enc lose. Bui ld the t rap as a low stone wal l extending

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outward in to the water and forming an angle w i th the shore.

Spearfishing

I f you are near shal low w ater (about wais t deep) where t he f ish are large and plent i ful , youcan spear t hem. To make a spear, cut a long, st raight sapl ing (Figure 8 -22 ). Sharpen t he endto a point or at tach a kni fe, jagged piece of bone, or sharpened metal . You can also make aspear by spl i t t ing the shaf t a few inches down f rom the end and insert ing a piece of wood toact as a spreader. You then sharpen the t wo separated halves to points . To spear f ish, f ind anarea where f i sh e i ther gather or where t here i s a f i sh run. P lace t he spear po in t i n to t hewater and slowly move i t tow ard the f ish. Then, w i th a sudden push, im pale the f ish on thest ream bot t om. Do not t ry to l i f t t he f i sh w i t h the spear , as i t w i t h probably sl ip o f f and youw i l l l ose i t ; ho ld the spear w i t h one hand and grab and ho ld t he f i sh w i th t he o ther . Do notthrow the spear, espec ial ly i f the point is a kni fe. You cannot af ford to lose a kni fe in a

surv ival si tuat ion. Be alert t o t he problems caused by l ight ref ract i on when look ing at obj ectsin the water .

Chop Fishing

At night , in an area wi th a good f ish dens i ty , you can use a l ight to at t ract f ish. Then, armedwit h a machete or simi lar weapon, you can gather f i sh us ing the back side of t he blade tost r ike them. Do not use the sharp s ide as you wi l l cut t hem in t wo pieces and end up los ingsome of the f ish.

Fish Poison

Another way t o catch f ish is by using poison. Poison works quick ly . I t al lows you to r emainconcealed whi le i t takes ef fect . I t also enables you to catch several f ish at one t ime. Whenusing f ish poison, be sure to gather al l of t he af fected f ish, because many dead f ish f loat ingdownstream could arouse suspic ion. Some plant s that grow in warm regions of t he worldcontain rotenone, a substance t hat s tuns or k i l ls cold- blooded animals but does not harmpersons who eat the animals . The best place t o use rotenone, or rot enone-producing plants, isin ponds or the headwai ters of smal l st reams containing f ish. Rotenone works quick ly on f i sh inwater 21 degrees C (70 degrees F) or above. The f ish r i se helplessly t o t he surface. I t worksslowly in water 10 to 21 degrees C (50 to 70 degrees F) and is inef fect ive in wat er below 10degrees C (50 degrees F). The fol l owing plant s, used as indicated, w i l l stun or k i l l f ish:

Anamirt a cocculus( Figure 8 -23). This woody vine grows in southern Asia and on islandsof t he South Paci f ic . Crush the bean -shaped seeds and thr ow t hem in t he water.

Croton t ig l ium( Figure 8 -23 ). This shrub or smal l t ree grows in waste areas on is landsof t he South Pacif i c. I t bears seeds in t hree angled capsules. Crush the seeds andthrow them in to the water .

Barringtonia ( Figure 8 -23). These large t r ees grow near t he sea in Malaya and parts ofPolynesia. They bear a f leshy one-seeded f rui t . Crush t he seeds and bark and t hrowin to the water .

Derris el ipt ica ( Figure 8 -23 ). This large genus of t ropical shrubs and woody v ines is themain source of commerc ial ly produced rotenone. Grind the roots into a powder andmix w i t h water . Throw a la rge quant i t y o f t he mix ture in to t he water .

Duboisia( Figure 8 -23). This shrub grows in Austral ia and bears whi t e c lusters off l owers and ber ry l i ke f ru i t . Crush the p lants and throw them in to the water .

Tephrosia ( Figure 8 -23 ). This species of small shrubs, which bears beanlike pods, growsthroughout the t ropics. Crush or bruise bundles of leaves and s tems and t hrow theminto the water .

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Lime. You can get l i me f rom comm erc ial sources and in agricul tural areas that uselarge quant i t ies of i t . You may pr oduce your own by bur ning coral or seashel ls. Throwthe l ime in to the water .

Nut husks. Crush green husks f rom but t ernuts or black walnut s. Throw the husks intothe water .

Back to Food Procurement

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Fishing: Betts

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As seen i n:

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