5 th Grade MidYear Science Review, Part 4. Gravity from the moon causes tides on the Earth’s surface. 4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences.

5th Grade MidYear Science Review, Part 4

Gravity from the moon causes tides on the Earth’s surface.

4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.

Seasons are caused by the Earth’s tilt on its axis as it revolves around the sun.

4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.

The moon has no light of its own. It simply reflects light from the sun. Since the moon is rotating on its axis AND revolving around the Earth, the part of the moon we see changes during each month.

4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.

4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.

The lunar cycle is the time it takes for the moon to revolve once around the Earth. To people on Earth, the moon appears to change shape during the month. These changes are called the moon’s phases.

New MoonNew Moon

First QuarterFirst Quarter

Full MoonFull Moon

Last QuarterLast Quarter

Most importantly of all!!!!Most importantly of all!!!!

It takes about 28 It takes about 28 days for the days for the

moon to orbit the moon to orbit the EarthEarth

Complete questions 31-33 on the review sheet.

4.8C Collect and analyze data to identify sequences and predict patterns of change in shadows, tides, seasons, and the observable appearance of the Moon over time.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

The Earth The Moon

• About ¾ of the surface is covered with water.

• Surrounded by an atmosphere of gases

• No liquid water found on the moon’s surface.

• Little or no atmosphere on the surface

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

The Earth The Moon

• Diameter: 12,756 km

• Shape: sphere

• Surface: rocky, soil, few craters, rocky mountains, plains, valleys

• Active volcanoes

• Rotation: 24 hours

• Revolution: about 365 days

• Diameter: 3,475 km

• Shape: sphere

• Surface: rocky, moon dust, lots of craters, rocky mountains, plains, valleys

• Inactive volcanoes

• Rotation: about 28 days

• Revolution: about 28 days

The Sun

• Diameter: 1,390,000 km

• Shape: sphere• Surface: gaseous

(helium and hydrogen)• No volcanoes• Rotation: about 25

Earth days

The earth rotates, or spins on its axis, once every 24 hours. This rotation is the reason we have day and night!

The moon rotates on its axis at the same exact speed that it revolves around the Earth.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

• The sun is the closest star to the Earth.

• The sun is made up of hot gases, mainly helium and hydrogen.

• Almost all of the energy found on the Earth comes from the sun.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

16

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

• The sun’s energy provides Earth with the light and heat needed to support life.

• Its energy influences Earth’s wind and weather.

• Energy from the sun also drives the water cycle on Earth.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

• The sun is the only object in our solar system that can produce its own light.

• Even though it is only a medium-sized star, the sun is the largest object in the solar system.

18

• Like the Earth, the sun has layers.

• Nuclear reactions take place in the core. These reactions release huge amounts of energy and makes the core extremely hot (10-20 million degrees Celsius).

• The energy passes from the core through the other layers and then travels through space.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

19

• The photosphere is the surface of the sun that we can see.

• In a solar eclipse, a red circle can be seen around the sun. This is the chromosphere. It is red because of all the hydrogen surrounding the sun.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

• The dark, cooler spots found on the sun’s surface are called sunspots.

• Solar flares are violent bursts of energy from the sun’s surface.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

21

• Green plants need sunlight in order to grow and thrive.

• All of the energy plants need to produce their own food comes from the sun.

Plants need water to grow.

Sunlight is also very important.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

22

• Air over land heats up and cools down more quickly than air over water.

• Warm air rises and cool air rushes in to fill the space. This creates wind.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

23

• Answer questions 34-37 on your review sheet.

5.8D Identify and compare the physical characteristics of the Sun, Earth, and Moon.

24

3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.

The solar system is an example of a system. Gravity holds the planets and moons in their orbits.

25

3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.

• The sun is at the center of our solar system.• The inner planets in order from the sun are Mercury, Venus,

Earth and Mars.• The outer planets in order from the sun are Jupiter, Saturn,

Uranus and Neptune.• Pluto is so small that it is now classified as a dwarf planet.

Mercury

Venus

Sun

Earth

Mars

Jupiter

Saturn

UranusNeptune

Pluto

26

3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.

• The planets are not usually found in a straight line.

• They are in curved paths around the sun called orbits.

3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.

Sun1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Pluto

8

Our Solar System

Planet Code1 Mercury2 Venus3 Earth4 Mars5 Jupiter6 Saturn7 Uranus8 Neptune

The path a planet follows as it revolves around the sun is called its orbit. It takes each planet a fixed length of time to complete one revolution.

3.8D Identify the planets in Earth’s solar system and their position in relation to the sun.

Answer questions 39-40 on your review sheet.