5 TEACHER’S GUIDE Balina - hmhco.comla boca de una ballena? ¿Por qué la gente se sorprendería de ver algo así? Pages 8–9: Explain that Balina has unusual talents. She lifts
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L E S S O N 5 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E
Balinaby Michael Sandler
Fountas-Pinnell Level STall TaleSelection SummaryBalina was discovered as a baby inside a whale’s mouth. She can lift cows, pull tugboats, and swim for hours in the ocean. When Balina’s talents compete with local businesses, she is banished from working as a tugboat. Her kindness, however, is put to the test when a large ship collides with rocks during a severe storm.
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Characteristics of the Text Genre • Tall tale
Text Structure • Third-person narrative with dialogue • Narrative structure includes multiple episodes related to a single plot.• Detailed episodes reveal sequence of plot
Content • A girl with superhuman powers • Oceans, life on the sea
Themes and Ideas • Home can be found in more than one place.• Differences make people unique and special.
Language and Literary Features
• Assigned dialogue throughout the story • Complex fantasy elements such as exaggeration and hyperbole
Sentence Complexity • A mix of short and complex sentences• Colons and semicolons
Vocabulary • Many ocean-related terms: algas, océano, muelle, remolcadorWords • Many multisyllable words: boquiabierto, inspeccionaran, ventarrón
Illustrations • Lively, cartoon-like drawings support the story.Book and Print Features • Twelve pages of text, illustrations on every page
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Target Vocabulary
anhelo – deseo muy fuertes de algo, p. 7
condición – estado de ser, p. 13desaparecer – que no se puede
hallar, p.5escabullirse – esconderse o
pasar desapercibido, p. 5
escasez – que no hay sufi ciente de algo
horrorizado – sobresaltado, que siente terror o miedo a causa de algo desagradable, p. 12
marinero – personas que trabajan en o viajan por el mar, p. 12
memorable – algo tan especial que vale la pena recordarlo, p. 11
ola – onda de gran tamaño que se forma en la superfi cie del agua, p. 12
traicionar – desilusionar o fallarle a alguien, p. 7
Balina by Michael Sandler
Build BackgroundHelp students use their knowledge of whales and oceans to visualize the story. Build interest by asking a question such as the following: ¿Qué características especiales tendría un personaje que ama el océano? Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Tell students that this story is a tall tale, which is a humorous story about impossible or exaggerated events.
Introduce the TextGuide students through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions:
Page 3: Explain that a whale in the bay and in other with olas areas, especially on the beach, is an unusual sight. The whale’s mouth being open for inspection is especially strange. Suggested language: Miren la ilustración. La ballena está lista para que la gente que está en la playa la inspeccione de cerca. ¿Qué implica una inspección?
Pages 4–5: Tell students that to everyone’s astonishment, a baby girl is inside the whale’s mouth and is pried from it. Ask: ¿Cómo se vería que saquen a un bebé de la boca de una ballena? ¿Por qué la gente se sorprendería de ver algo así?
Pages 8–9: Explain that Balina has unusual talents. She lifts cows and swims better than any marine creature. She even pulls tugboats!
Page 12–13: Balina escucha que un barco ha sido arrastrado hasta unas rocas y necesita de su ayuda. El capitán está horrorizado, pero Balina no tiene miedo ya que es marinera de nacimiento. Ask: ¿Por qué piensan que Balina es marinera de nacimiento?
Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo y lean para descubrir cómo son puestas a prueba las fuerzas especiales de Balina.
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ReadHave students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed.
Remind students to use the Infer/Predict Strategy and to use text clues to fi gure out what the author means or what might happen in the future.
Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite students to share their personal responses to the story. Suggested language: ¿Qué habilidades especiales tenía Balina? ¿Cómo usaba estas habilidades para ayudar a otros?
Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help students understand these points:
Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text
• A whale appears on a Florida beach, and a little girl is inside its mouth.
• Balina is adopted and exhibits superhuman abilities.
• Local tugboat owners lobby to outlaw Balina’s presence, but she saves the day when a ship is stranded.
• Differences make people special and unique.
• Pursuing individual interests and callings can lead to happiness.
• The details of the characters make the story amusing and fun to read.
• The illustrations help in understanding the story.
• Dialogue makes the narrative realistic for readers.
Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite students to work in partners and choose a passage from the text to
demonstrate phrased fl uent reading. Remind them to read at an appropriate rate, moving along rapidly with a few slowdowns and stops or pauses to solve words.
• Comprehension Based on your observations of the students’ reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas.
• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Remind children that the prefi x in– means negation or the opposite. For example, inusual on page 6 means poco común. Have students fi nd other examples of words with the prefi x in– and fi gure out what they mean.
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Writing about ReadingCritical ThinkingHave students complete the Razonamiento crítico questions on Hoja reproducible 5.7.
RespondingHave students complete the activities at the back of the book, using their Reader’s Notebook. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill.
Target Comprehension Skill Remind students that they can analyze a
character’s words, thoughts, and actions to better understand a story. Model how to add details to the Graphic Organizer, using a “Think Aloud” like the one below:
Think Aloud
En la historía, Balina demuestra su amor por el océano de muchas maneras. Como se ve en el organizador gráfi co, cuando está en el mar es cuando más feliz se siente. Una de las acciones que Balina realiza es trabajar como remolcadora. Esto está relacionado con su amor por el océano, así que es un detalle importante a agregar en la columna Acciones. Estos detalles ayudan a que el lector entienda al personaje.
Practice the SkillHave students share an example of another story in which they analyzed a character’s words, thoughts, and actions to better understand a story.
Writing Prompt: Thinking About the TextHave students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think about the text, they refl ect back on the text. They should notice and evaluate language, genre, literary devices, and how the text is organized.
Assessment Prompts• Complete this sentence: Balina’s main problem is that she
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Nombre Fecha
BalinaPensar en el texto
Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en dos párrafos.
Recuerda que cuando piensas en el texto, reflexionas sobre él. Prestas atención y evalúas cosas como el lenguaje, el género, los recursos literarios y cómo está organizado el texto.
¿De qué modo son las ilustraciones de este cuento fantasioso una parte importante de su humor? ¿Cómo le agregan humor al texto? ¿Qué detalle te pareció más gracioso? ¿Qué clase de cosas muestran acerca de los personajes y lugares que no se pueden saber sólo con el texto y las leyendas?