5 November 2015 Graphene coatings for Steel - hvm-uk. · PDF file5 November 2015 Graphene coatings for Steel ... Introduction to TATA Group and TATA STEEL ... Carbon nano-onions

Tata Steel Slide

5 November 2015

Graphene coatings for Steel

Dr Samson Patole, TATA Steel R&D –

Project leader: Graphene/Carbon Technology

Dr. Sai Shiva Reddy- Collaborative research Lead ,Cambridge

TATA steel R and D

Dr.Sohail Hajatdoost – Knowledge group leader, Advanced coatings, TATA Steel R and D

Cambridge Graphene Days 2015 Organised by C4IR Global Network www.cir-strategy.com

Tata Steel Slide

Outline

� Introduction to TATA Group and TATA STEEL

� Challenges to steel industry

� Graphene anticorrosion coatings

� Graphene coatings for electrochemical energy storage

� Summarise

Tata Steel Slide

Tata Steel Slide

Introduction to the Tata Group

� Operations in more than 100 countries and 611,794 employees

� Total revenues of over $100 billion (67% from outside India)

� Ranked world’s 11th most reputable and 17th most innovative company

Tata Steel Slide

Tata Steel Group

One of the world’s most geographically-diversified steel producers

� Top 12 global steel producer

� Annual crude steel capacity of more than 28 million tonnes

� Around 80,000 employees

� Manufacturing operations in 26 countries across 5 continents

� Present in both mature and developing markets

� Turnover in 2014-15: approximately $ 25 billion (€22.0 billion)

� Fortune 500 company

Tata Steel Group

5

Tata Steel Slide

Tata Steel Group

A global network serving demanding markets worldwide

Western Europe

Steel making operations

Distribution anddownstream assets

North America

WesternEurope

Scandinavia

CIS

WesternAfrica

South Africa

Latin America

ChinaJapan

IndiaHong Kong

New ZealandSales offices

SE Asia

Key

Turkey

CEE

6Introducing Tata Steel

Tata Steel Slide

Our key markets

Serving the most demanding markets worldwide

Packaging

Automotive Construction

Energy & power

Rail

Aerospace

Consumer products Defence & security

Lifting & excavating

7Introducing Tata Steel

Tata Steel Slide

Tata Steel SlidePresentation title, change View >> Header & Footer

Sai Shivareddy

Part 2: Graphene applications on steel for Energy storage

Cambridge Graphene days 2015

Tata Steel Slide 10Energy storage technologies

A comparison of energy storage capacity versus power handling capacity.

Comparison of various energy storage devices : Ragone Plot

For portable applications both energy and power density needs to be high

Tata Steel Slide 11Example: Enhanced capacitive energy storage

Dielectric capacitor Electrochemical supercapacitor

Basic idea in capacitive energy storage

Pictures source: wikipedia & Würzburg University

Tata Steel Slide 12Tailoring morphology of nanocarbons

Exfoliated Graphene

Enhancing energy density through high surface area and low density nanocarbons

Carbon nanohornsGraphene growth on copper by CVD

Carbon nano-onions

Tata Steel Slide 13Example: Hybrid Ultracapacitor

Hybrid Ultracap: Enhancing energy density through dielectric coatings on nanotubes

Models of different

types of capacitors

Hybrid capacitor

structure with

voltage profile

Tata Steel Slide 14Example: Hybrid Ultracapacitor

a) b)

c) d)

Hybrid Ultracap: Atomic layer deposition on Carbon nanotubes on metal foils

a) MWNTs grown by thermal CVD b) Close up of the nanotubes c) Nanotubes coated with Al2O3 by ALD d) Closeup

Tata Steel Slide 15Example: Hybrid Ultracap device performance

Cycle number

0 50 100 150 200

Cap

aci

tan

ce

re

ten

tio

n (

%)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

As deposited

Dielectric coated

Frequency (Hz)

10-1 100 101 102 103

Ca

pa

cita

nce

(F

/cm

2)

10-8

10-7

10-6

10-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

As deposited

Dielectric coated

Potential (V)

-4 -2 0 2 4

Curr

ent

(mA

)

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

As depositedDielectric coated

Hybrid Ultracap: Electrochemical performance - Higher operation voltage achieved

Tata Steel Slide 16Example: Hybrid Ultracap

0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

0

20

40

60

80

100 CNT 40nm Al

2O

3

20nm Al2O

3

-Phase

(deg)

Log (Frequency) (Hz)

Better high frequency performance with aluminium oxide coated capacitor

Hybrid Ultracap: Electrochemical performance - Higher frequency attainable

Tata Steel SlidePV applications

DSSC Substrate – Back Conductor Layer Requirements

General Properties:

• Ability to withstand the working electrode sintering operations, ~ 500°C

• Flexible

• Good Planarity, Ra<1µm

• Environmental stability, particularly corrosion resistance and ability to tolerate day-to-day and season-to-season thermal cycling

• Adhesion to Insulating layer

• Compatibility with reel-to-reel processing

Electrode Selection:

Adequate conductivity of the backing electrode, resistances < 15 Ω/sq

Connectability

Patternability

Tata Steel Slide 18Challenges for graphene on steel

Industrial challenges and Outlook

Biggest challenge faced is the scale in which the steel industry operates

We should be able to coat millions of square metres with tonnes of the material depending on the application. Speeds ~ 100 m/min

Working with our suppliers and customers – getting over the challenges

~ 20 000kg coils

Tata Steel Slide 19Acknowledgements

Thank you!

Acknowledge support from members Tatasteel R&DAcknowledge support of Cambridge Graphene centre Thank the organisers of CIR for the invite

Tata Steel Slide

Together we make the difference