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Improving Process Modelsfor Better Understanding and Analysis
Dr. Darius ŠilingasHead of Solutions Department @ No Magic Europe
Mobile: +370 686 12748e-mail: [email protected]
LinkedIn: http://lt.linkedin.com/in/dariussilingas
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About Instructor
Dr. Darius Šilingas Principal Consultant and Head of Solutions
Department at No Magic Europe Expert in information system and business
modeling, lead ~200 training and consultancy sessions in 20 countries
Organizer of annual conference Business Process Management in Practice in Lithuania
Owner of LinkedIn BPM discussion group Verslo procesų valdymas (in Lithuania)
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Challenge of Informal Business Process Drawings
How to optimize VIP
customer service?
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Komunikacijos standartų poreikis – Babelio pavyzdys
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What Is BPMN?
BPMN stands for Business Process Model and Notation.
BPMN provides a standardized graphical notation for modeling business processes.
BPMN is understandable by all stakeholders Business analysts that create the initial drafts of the processes; Excellence people who monitor and optimize those processes; Developers responsible for implementing systems.
BPMN 2.0 (Business Process Model and Notation) standard is developed by OMG (Object Management Group): http://www.bpmn.org/
• BPMN 1.0 released in 2004• BPMN 2.0 beta1 released in September 2009• BPMN 2.0 beta2 released in June 2010
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BPMN 2.0 Diagrams
Process Diagram
Collaboration Diagram
Choreography Diagram
Conversations in Collaboration Diagram
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A Minimal Subset of BPMN Elements
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From Bad Practices to Best Practices
Bad Practices
1. Complex Diagrams
2. Mixed Naming
3. Modeling Minor Details
1. Slalom in Diagrams
1. Inventing Bicycle
2. Inconsistent Gateways
3. Repeating Events
Best Practices
1. Several Levels of Details
2. Naming Conventions
3. Documenting Minor Details
4. Clear Primary Scenario
1. Applying Process Patterns
2. Consistent Gateways
3. Proper Event Context
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Bad Practice Nr. 1: Over Complex Diagrams
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Best Practice Nr.1: Several Levels of Details
Up to 10 steps in a diagram
Question: How many steps can be depicted in 3 levels of details?
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Bad Practice Nr.2: Mixed Naming
Mixed naming hides inconsistent understanding
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Best Practice Nr.2: Naming Conventions
A formulae for naming activities:
strong verb + noun Emphasis on achieved result, not on action!
Examples:Prepare ProposalSign AgreementHandle Defect Report
Language influences thinking
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Best Practice Nr.2: Refactored Process
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Bad Practice Nr.3: Modeling Minor Details
There will be other business rules when we should still run class
Is it worth putting it all to a diagram?
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Best Practice Nr.3: Describing Minor Details
If required number of participants is not available, Head of Training Department can make a decision to run class if There is urgent need to train employees Strategic partners/customers are registered to a class Cancellation costs will be higher than running costs
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Bad Practice Nr.4: Slalom in Diagrams
Reading BPMN diagram is obscured by: Long, bended and crossing lines Jumping forth and back in time scale Mixture of primary and secondary scenarios
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Best Practice Nr.4: Clear Primary Scenario
Primary scenario should be visible on one line ()
It is recommended to start modeling from primary scenario and add secondary ones afterwards
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Bad Practice Nr.5: Reinventing Bicycle
Fresh-baked modelers often invent strange modeling approaches for well-known situations
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Best Practice Nr.5: Process Patterns
Process patterns provide bigger modeling components that enable creating simpler and more efficient process diagrams
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Bad Practice Nr.6: Inconsistent Gateways
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Best Practice Nr.6: Consistent Gateways
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Bad Practice Nr.7: Repeating Events
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Best Practice Nr.7: Proper Event Context
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Monitoring Business Processes
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Analysis of KPI Change Over Time
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Quantitative Business Process Management
“You can manage only what you are able to measure”
Metric – a view on statistical data providing insights into important aspects of a business process
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is the most important metric, which reflects business process (in)efficiency
Metric examples: Return on investment, profitability Sales percentage from quality leads A ratio of reported defects to existing users Process execution duration and its variability ...
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Measuring Process KPIs
Business Process
Costs•Financial costs•Manual work amount•Use of physical resources
Quality•Successful end %•Defect rate•Customer satisfaction
Time•Mean execution duration•Idle duration•Duration variation
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What Can I Measure for a Specific Process?Appropriate start time
Quality Assessment (questionnaires)
Costs
Revenue
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How to Develop BPMN Modeling Culture?
BPM Leader Communicates BPM vision Helps other employees to solve BPM problems
Guidelines for Implementing Best Practices Naming conventions, diagram layout, bad vs. good examples BPM leader owns the document
Regular model reviews Useful to involve external experts Share comments and suggestions
Sharing experience inside and outside organization Confidentiality – do not discover concrete numbers Learning from own and others’ mistakes
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More Information Is Available In …
Refactoring BPMN Models: From Bad Smells to Best Practices and Process Patterns Darius Šilingas, Edita Milevičienė
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think BIG
start SMALL
and EVOLVE
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The End
Thank You for Attention!
Questions???Let’s Keep in Touch!