4.NuMicro_GPIO

www.ee.ntou.edu.twDepartment of Electrical Engineering,

National Taiwan Ocean University

NuMicro GPIO

4/25/2015

Richard Kuo

Assistant Professor

Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University

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Outline

4.NuMicro_GPIO.pptGPIO Interface Introduction►Lab. LED control (smpl_GPIO_LED1, smpl_GPIO_RGBled)►Lab. Buzzer control (smpl_GPIO_Buzzer)►Lab. Sensor input (smpl_GPIO_PIR)►Lab. 7-segment Display (smpl_7seg)►Lab. Keypad scanning (smpl_Keypad)►Lab. Step Motor control (smpl_GPIO_StepMotor)►Lab. GPIO Interrupt (smpl_GPIO_IRQ)

►Homework : LED Cube 3x3x3►Homework: Electronic Safe


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Peripherals

To use GPIO to access the following components/modules

PIRIRBuzzerLEDs

Step MotorRelaysKeypad


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GPIO pins of NUC140 LQFP-100


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GPIO pins of Nano102 LQFP-64


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GPIO I/O Modes : Input

► Input only with high impedance

– Set GPIOx_PMD (PMDn[1:0]) to 00b the GPIOx port [n] pin is in Input mode

– and the I/O pin is in tri-state (high impedance) without output drive capability

GPIO_SetMode(PC, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_INPUT);


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GPIO I/O Modes - Output

► Push-Pull Output

GPIO_SetMode(PC, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_OUTPUT);


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GPIO I/O Modes – Open_Drain

► Open-Drain

GPIO_SetMode(PC, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_OPEN_DRAIN);


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GPIO I/O Modes

► Quasi bi-direction

GPIO_SetMode(PC, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_QUASI);


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StdDriver/GPIO_OutputInput

► GPIO set mode : GPIO_SetMode(PA, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_OUTPUT);

I/O groups : NUC140 = GPA, GPB, GPC, GPD, GPENANO102 = PA, PB, PC, PD, PE, PF

port no = BIT0~15 I/O modes

GPIO_PMD_INPUT : input only modeGPIO_PMD_OUTPUT : push-pull output modeGPIO_PMD_OPEN_DRAIN : open-drain output modeGPIO_PMD_QUASI : quai bi-direction mode

► Output value : PA12 = 0; ► Read Input : if (PA12 !=0) { }


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LED schematic (Nu-LB-NUC140)


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LED

PC12


Each IO pad drive/sink ~25mAEntire Chip drive/sink ~200mA


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smpl_GPIO_LED1

int main(void)

{

SYS_Init();


while(1) {

PC12 =0; // turn on LED

CLK_SysTickDelay(100000); // Delay

PC12 =1; // turn off LED


}

}

Output Mode

Initialize Clocks & Pins


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PIR (Passive InfraRed) sensor


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PIR (Passive InfraRed) schemiatc


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PIR (Passive InfraRed) application circuit

Application Circuit

5~9V Battery


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smpl_GPIO_PIR

display Detection message

Passive Infrared Detectordetecting human body


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smpl_GPIO_PIR

int main(void)

{

SYS_Init();

GPIO_SetMode(PA, BIT0, GPIO_PMD_INPUT);

while(1) {

if (PA0==1) printf("PIR detected!\n");

else printf("PIR no detection!\n");

}

}

Input Mode


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Reflective Optical Sensor : TCRT5000

PictureApplication Circuit

Top ViewIR Diode keep emitting Infrared lightIR Transistor receive the reflective Infrared light

220

PA0

Vcc

Gnd

TCRT5000

R1R2

10K


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Buzzer schematic (Nu-LB-NUC140)

0 ohm

R1 is shorted


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smpl_GPIO_Buzzer

void Init_Buzzer(void)

{

GPIO_SetMode(PB, BIT11, GPIO_PMD_OUTPUT);

PB11=1; // turn off Buzzer

}

void Buzz(int number)

{

int i;

for (i=0; i<number; i++) {

PB11 =0; // turn on Buzzer


PB11 =1; // turn off Buzzer


}

}


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7-segment display


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7seg. LED schematics (Nu-LB-NUC140)

Drive Low will turn on 7-seg. LED


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Seven_Segment.c

#include <stdio.h>

#include "NUC100Series.h"

#include "GPIO.h"

#include "SYS.h"

#include "Seven_Segment.h"

#define SEG_N0 0x82

#define SEG_N1 0xEE

#define SEG_N2 0x07

#define SEG_N3 0x46

#define SEG_N4 0x6A

#define SEG_N5 0x52

#define SEG_N6 0x12

#define SEG_N7 0xE6

#define SEG_N8 0x02

#define SEG_N9 0x62

#define SEG_N10 0x22

#define SEG_N11 0x1A


#define SEG_N13 0x0E



unsigned char SEG_BUF[16]={SEG_N0, SEG_N1, SEG_N2, SEG_N3, SEG_N4, SEG_N5, SEG_N6, SEG_N7, SEG_N8, SEG_N9, SEG_N10, SEG_N11, SEG_N12, SEG_N13, SEG_N14, SEG_N15};

void OpenSevenSegment(void)

{





PC4=0; PC5=0; PC6=0; PC7=0;

GPIO_SetMode(PE, BIT0, GPIO_PMD_OUTPUT);








PE0=0; PE1=0; PE2=0; PE3=0;

PE4=0; PE5=0; PE6=0; PE7=0;

}


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Seven_Segment.c

void ShowSevenSegment(unsigned char no, unsigned char number)

{

unsigned char temp,i;

temp=SEG_BUF[number];

for(i=0;i<8;i++) {

if((temp&0x01)==0x01)

switch(i) {

case 0: PE0=1; break;








}

else

switch(i) {









}

temp=temp>>1;

}

switch(no) {

case 0: PC4=1; break;




}

}


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Seven_Segment.c

void CloseSevenSegment(void)

{

PC4=0;

PC5=0;

PC6=0;

PC7=0;

}


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4x4 Keypad


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3x3 Keypad on Learning board

1 2 3

4 5 6

7 8 9


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3x3 Keypad schematic (Nu-LB-NUC140)


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Keypad GPIO setting

► GPIO pin mode : Input– GPIO_SetMode(PA, BIT0, GPIO_PMD_QUASI);

► Key press will connect output pin to input pin– Quasi output 1 : pin is floating

– Quasi output 0 : pin drive to Low

► Keypad scanning– Set input pins PA3,4,5 to 1

– Set output pins to 0 one at a time PA0,1,2

PA3=1; PA4=1; PA5=1; PA0=1; PA1=1; PA2=0; if (PA3==0) return 1; if (PA4==0) return 4; if (PA5==0) return 7;


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Scankey.c

void OpenKeyPad(void)

{

GPIO_SetMode(PA, BIT0, GPIO_PMD_QUASI);






}

uint8_t ScanKey(void)

{

PA0=1; PA1=1; PA2=0; PA3=1; PA4=1; PA5=1;

if (PA3==0) return 1;



PA0=1; PA1=0; PA2=1; PA3=1; PA4=1; PA5=1;




PA0=0; PA1=1; PA2=1; PA3=1; PA4=1; PA5=1;




return 0;

}


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smpl_7seg_Keypad

Scankey.c : function calls for scanning keypad 3x3

Press middle keyof 3x3 keypad

7-segment display number = 5


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smpl_GPIO_Keypad

Press key

Using GPIO outputs to control relays GPIOs control 4-port Relay

Vcc/Gnd


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smpl_GPIO_Keypad

Press key1 Press key2 Press key3 Press key4

Relay #1 off Relay #2 off Relay #3 off Relay #4 off

Vcc = 3.3V, GPIO output hi (base) Relay Control pin = low (collector)


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Smpl_GPIO_Keypad

int main(void)

{

uint32_t i =0;

SYS_Init();

OpenKeyPad();

Init_GPIO();

while(1)

{

i=ScanKey();

switch(i) {

case 1 : PB0=1; break;




default: PB0=0; PB1=0; PB2=0; PB3=0; break;

}

}

}


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8x8 LED Matrix

MAX7219 N1588


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MAX7219.c

//

// MAX7219 Driver : drive 8x8 LEDs

//

#include <stdio.h>

#include "NUC100Series.h"

#include "SYS.h"

#include "GPIO.h"

// Define GPA2,1,0 as CLK, CS, DIN pins

#define CLK_HI PA2=1

#define CLK_LO PA2=0

#define CS_HI PA1=1

#define CS_LO PA1=0

#define DIN_HI PA0=1

#define DIN_LO PA0=0

void Init_GPIO(void)

{

GPIO_SetMode(PA, BIT0, GPIO_PMD_OUTPUT);



PA0=0; PA1=0; PA2=0;

}

void WriteData_MAX7219(uint8_t DATA)

{

uint8_t i;

CS_LO;

for(i=8;i>=1;i--) {

CLK_LO;

if (DATA&0x80) DIN_HI;

else DIN_LO;

DATA=DATA<<1;

CLK_HI;

CLK_SysTickDelay(10);

}

}


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MAX7219.c

void write_MAX7219(uint8_t address,uint8_t dat)

{

CS_LO;

WriteData_MAX7219(address);

WriteData_MAX7219(dat);

CS_HI;

}

void Init_MAX7219(void)

{

write_MAX7219(0x09, 0x00);

write_MAX7219(0x0a, 0x03);

write_MAX7219(0x0b, 0x07);

write_MAX7219(0x0c, 0x01);

write_MAX7219(0x0f, 0x00);

}


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smpl_GPIO_LED8x8

int main(void)

{

uint8_t i,j;

SYS_Init();

Init_GPIO();

Init_MAX7219();

while(1) {

for(j=0;j<38;j++) {

for(i=1;i<9;i++)

write_MAX7219(i, Font8x8[j][i-1]);

CLK_SysTickDelay(100000);

}

}

}


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GPIO Interrupt pin circuit

MCU

Pullup resistor


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GPIO Interrupt pin setting

► GPIO pin mode : Input– GPIO_SetMode(PB, BIT12, GPIO_PMD_INPUT);

► GPIO pin chip internal Pull-up – GPIO_ENABLE_PULL_UP(PB, BIT12);

► GPIO interrupt trigger type : RISING/FALLING/BOTH_EDGE/HIGH/LOW– GPIO_EnableInt(PB, 12, GPIO_INT_FALLING);

► GPIO Interrupts : two groups = ABC or DEF– NVIC_EnableIRQ(GPABC_IRQn); // ABC group share 1 interrupt to CPU

– NVIC_EnableIRQ(GPDEF_IRQn); // DEF group share 1 interrupt to CPU

► GPIO pin debouncing– Debounce Clock Source = LIRC (10KHz) or HCLK

– GPIO_SET_DEBOUNCE_TIME(GPIO_DBCLKSRC_LIRC, GPIO_DBCLKSEL_64);

– GPIO_ENABLE_DEBOUNCE(PB, BIT12);


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Initialize GPIO interrupt pins

// KEY1 to PB12, KEY2 to PB13, KEY3 to PB14

void Init_KEY(void)

{

GPIO_SetMode(PB, (BIT12 | BIT13 | BIT14), GPIO_PMD_INPUT);

GPIO_ENABLE_PULL_UP(PB, (BIT12 | BIT13 | BIT14));

GPIO_EnableInt(PB, 12, GPIO_INT_FALLING);



NVIC_EnableIRQ(GPAB_IRQn);

GPIO_SET_DEBOUNCE_TIME(GPIO_DBCLKSRC_LIRC, GPIO_DBCLKSEL_64);

GPIO_ENABLE_DEBOUNCE(PB, (BIT12 | BIT13 | BIT14));

}

GPAB_IRQn for NUC100 seriesGPABC_IRQn for Nano100 series


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GPAB_IRQHandler (NUC100Series)

volatile uint8_t KEY1_Flag = 0;



void GPAB_IRQHandler(void)

{

if (PB->ISRC & BIT12) { // check if PB12 interrupt occurred

PB->ISRC |= BIT12; // clear PB12 interrupt status

KEY1_Flag=1; // set a flag for PB12(KEY1)

} else if (PB->ISRC & BIT13) { // check if PB13 interrupt occurred






} else { // else it is unexpected interrupts

PB->ISRC = PB->ISRC; // clear all GPB pins

}

}


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GPABC_IRQHandler (Nano100Series)




void GPABC_IRQHandler(void)

{

if (PB->ISRC & BIT12) { // check if PB12 interrupt occurred









} else { // else it is unexpected interrupts

PB->ISRC = PB->ISRC; // clear all GPB pins

}

}


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smpl_GPIO_IRQ

int32_t main()

{

SYS_Init();

Init_KEY();

printf("Testing KEY1/2/3 IRQ generation:\n");

while(1) {

if (KEY1_Flag) {

printf("KEY1/PB12 Interrupt!\n");

KEY1_Flag=0; }

if (KEY2_Flag) {

printf("KEY2/PB13 Interrupt!\n"); KEY2_Flag=0; }

if (KEY3_Flag) {

printf("KEY3/PB14 Interrupt!\n");

KEY3_Flag=0; }

}

}


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Stepping Motor

http://www.piclist.com/images/www/hobby_elec/e_step1.htm

Operation principle of stepper motor


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Step Motor Driving Methods

► Four phase Step Motor :

4 phases are A, /A, B, /B

► Diving Method as left – Wave Drive: single phase full step

– Full Step Drive : two phase full step

– Half Stepping : one/two phase half step

– Microstepping

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Drive.png


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5V Step Motor 28YBJ-48

步進電機 28YBJ-48

ULN2003 驅動 IC


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smpl_GPIO_Stepmotor

► 5V Step Motor► Driver IC : TI ULN2003A► Connections

– Motor A+ connected to INA of ULN2003A, controlled by NUC140 GPA3

– Motor A- connected to INB of ULN2003A, controlled by NUC140 GPA2

– Motor B+ connected to INC of ULN2003A, controlled by NUC140 GPA1

– Motor B- connected to IND of ULN2003A, controlled by NUC140 GPA0

► unsigned char CCW[8]={0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x09}; //counter-clockwise sequence

► unsigned char CW[8] ={0x09,0x01,0x03,0x02,0x06,0x04,0x0c,0x08}; //clockwise sequence


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Stepping Control

► Clockwise : 0x09,0x01,0x03,0x02,0x06,0x04,0x0c,0x08

► Counter clockwise : 0x08,0x0c,0x04,0x06,0x02,0x03,0x01,0x09

Port Step

InA 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

InB 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0

InC 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0

InD 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

Port Step

InA 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1

InB 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

InC 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0

InD 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1


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smpl_GPIO_Stepmotor


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Project : LED Cube 3x3x3

► Ex.Video : http://youtu.be/jxIFTKsBAT0


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LED Cube 3x3x3 schematic

1 2 3

PA0 PA1 PA2

PD0 PD1 PD2 PD3 PD4 PD5 PD6 PD7 PD8

1

2

3

1

2

3

1

2

3


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Project : LED Cube 8x8x8

► Ex. Video: http://youtu.be/6mXM-oGggrM


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Project : Electronic Safe

► Electronic Safe : http://goods.ruten.com.tw/item/show?21110021890926► Ex.Video : http://youtu.be/PUKqQM0oIIo Samsung Door Lock


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Electronic Safe : Functional Description

► Project Objectives– To use Cortex-M0 learning board to control the electronic safe

– To study/trace the PCB & circuit of Electronic Safe

– To draw the flow chart & implement the firmware of MCU

► Functional Description– Input six keycode by pressing 3x3 keypad

– Buzz when each keycode pressed

– Compared with passcode when six keycodes are entered

– If passcode equal to entered keycode, buzz few times and output to (drive electronic magnet) open the door

– SWInt button to change the passcode


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Flow Chart

Start

Init_RGBLEDInit_Buzzer

InitLockInit SWInt

Setup HCLK

i=0

OpenKeyPadInitial LCD

Print 2 lines

while(1)

number=Scankey()

number!=0

Y

N

i==4N

Y

print_LCDRGBLED(BLUE)

Buzz(1)

print_LCDRGBLED(GREEN)

Buzz(3)OpenLock

Keycode==

passcodeY N

print_LCDRGBLED(RED)

Buzz(2)CloseLock

print_LCD to clear codei=0


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Electronic Safe : Interface Circuit

+6V (1.5V AA x4)Vcc

GroundGnd

GPB15

GPA11

2N2222


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GPA15

Electronic Safe : Interface Circuit

+6VGPA12

GPA13

GPA14

Gnd

2N2222


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Important Notice !

► This educational material are neither intended nor warranted for usage in systems or equipment, any malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life, bodily injury or severe property damage. Such applications are deemed, “Insecure Usage”.

► Insecure usage includes, but is not limited to: equipment for surgical implementation, atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, the control or operation of dynamic, brake or safety systems designed for vehicular use, traffic signal instruments, all types of safety devices, and other applications intended to support or sustain life.

► All Insecure Usage shall be made at user’s own risk, and in the event that third parties lay claims to the author as a result of customer’s Insecure Usage, the user shall indemnify the damages and liabilities thus incurred by using this material.

► Please note that all lecture and sample codes are subject to change without notice. All the trademarks of products and companies mentioned in this material belong to their respective owners.

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