4g technology

Seminar on

4G wireless technology

A.MANASA10E31A0401

1G-First Generation ◦ Speech

2G-Second Generation ◦ SMS , MMS◦ CDMA , GPRS , EDGE◦ Voice Mail

3G-Third Generation ◦ Wireless Internet◦ Video Calling◦ Mobile

Introduction

History of 4G technology

• Abbreviation of fourth generation wireless technology

• It will provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice , data and multimedia can be given to user on an “anytime , anywhere” basis.

• It includes several types of broadband wireless communication system access including cellular telephone system.

• It will provide seamless mobility and internet access at a rate of 100 Mbps.

What is 4G?

• Support for multimedia services like teleconferencing and wireless internet.

• Wider bandwidths and higher bitrates.

• Entirely packet-switched network.

• High internet speed.

• Tight network security.

Features of 4G TECHNOLOGY

• OFDM

• UWB

• Smart antennas

• IPv6

Technology used in 4G

• Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing• Allows for transfer of more data than other forms of multiplexing

(time, frequency, code, etc) • Simplifies the design of the transmitter & receiver• Allows for use of almost the entire frequency band -No gaps to prevent interference needed• The frequencies are spaced so that the signals do not interfere with

each other (no cross talk)• Parallel Data Transmission -Allows for the sending of multiple signals simultaneously from the

same antenna (or wire) to one device

OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)

An advanced technology that can be used in 4G technology.• It is typically detected as noise.• It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which means that it

can use frequencies that are currently in use by other radio frequency devices .

• It uses a frequency of 3.1 to 10.6 Hz.• It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of continuous

signal. • Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.•

UWB(ultra wide band)

• smart antenna can be employed to find tune ,and turn up signal information.

• smart antenna can send signal back in the same direction that they come from.

There are two types of smart antennas-

• switched beam antenna:- It has fixed beams of transmission, and switch from predefined beam to another when the user with the phone moves throughout the sector.

• Adaptive array antenna :- It represents the most advanced smart antenna approach to data using a variety of new signal It represent the most advanced smart antenna approach to date using a variety of new signal processing algorithms to locate and track the user, minimize interference, and maximize intended signal reception.

Smart antennas

• IPv6 means Internet Protocol Version 6 .

• The Internet Protocol (IP) is the method or protocol which data is sent from one

computer to another on the internet.

•

• Each computer (known as a host) on the Internet has at least one IP that

uniquely identifies it from all other computers on the Internet.

•

• It includes128 bits, which is 4 times more than 32bits IP address in IPv4.•

IPv6

3FFE:085B:1F1F:0000:0000:0000:00A9:1234

128-bit IPv6 Address

8 groups of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers separated by “:"Leading zeros can be

removed

3FFE:85B:1F1F::A9:1234

:: = all zeros in one or more group of 16-bit hexadecimal numbers

• The basic difference between 3G and 4G is in data transfer and signal quality.

• The highest download and upload speed in 3G are 14 Mbps and 5.8 Mbps respectively

3G Vs 4G

Technology 3G 4G

Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec

Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband

Mobile -TV Resolution

Low High

Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz

Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz

Network Architecture

Wide Area Network Hybrid Network

oAffordable communication services. oHigh speed,high capacity and low cost per bit. o Support for interactive multimedia, voice , streaming video,

Internet and other broadband services. oGlobal access, Service portability and scalable mobile

services and variety of quality of services provided. o Better spectral efficiency. o seamless network of multiple protocol and air interfaces

Advantages of 4G

o Better Usage of Multimedia Applicationso Virtual Presence: 4G system gives mobile users a "virtual presence" (for example,

always-on connections to keep people on event).Video Conferencing o Virtual navigation: a remote database contains the graphical representation of streets,

buildings, and physical characteristics of a large metropolis. Blocks of this database are transmitted in rapid sequence to a vehicle

o Tele- geoprocessing: Queries dependent on location information of several users, in addition to temporal aspects have many applications.e.g:GIS,GPS

o 4G in normal life .• Traffic control.• Mobile phones. • Sensor on public vehicle.•

Applications

4G can be best described in one word “MAGIC”, which stands for:

• Mobile multimedia • Anytime Anywhere • Global mobility support, • Integrated wireless and personalized services.

Though 4G is facing challenges and problems we believe that future research will overcome these challenges and integrate newly developed services to 4G networks making them available to everyone, anytime and everywhere.

CONCLUSION

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