4ESO Name: ____________ PRESENT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS Present simple Present continuous We use the present simple to talk about: •regular habits and routines. We usually gorollerblading at the weekend. •permanent situations. David livesin Manchester. •scientific facts. Water boilsat 100˚C. •states, not actions, e.g. like, believe, know. She doesn’t likechorizo. We use the present continuous to talk about: •something that is happening now or ‘around now’. They’re playing tennis at the moment. •temporary situations. He’s visitinghis grandparents in Ibiza. •changing or developing situations. The number of car accidents every year is increasing. •future arrangements. She’s goingto the cinema this evening. PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS Past simple Past continuous We use the past simple to talk about a finished action in the past. Mark wentto the cinema last night. We use the past continuous to talk about: •an action which was in progress at a particular time in the past. They were watchingTV at nine o’clock last night. a.an action in the past that is interrupted by another action I was walkingalong the street when someone stole my bag.
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"Do you know ___________________________________________ ?"
7 "Has she reached a decision yet?"
"Has she told you whether ___________________________________________ ?"
8 "What time are you leaving?""Do you know ___________________________________________ ?"
9 "Does Annie know about computers?"
"I wonder whether ___________________________________________ ."
10 "Excuse me. How do you get to the post office from here?"
"Could you tell us ___________________________________________ ?"
11 "What are you doing?!"
"Do you have any idea ___________________________________________ ?!"
12 "Could you lend me 50 Euros?"
"I don't suppose ___________________________________________ ."
13 "Could you take me to the airport?"
"Is there any chance ___________________________________________ ?"
14 "Does Susana like classical music?"
"I can't remember if ___________________________________________ ."
2 . Comparative Strutctures. Complete the following sentences using the correctform of the words in brackets.
a.
The_____________ (expensive) he bought it the________________ (cheap)he sold it.b. The_______________ (I/learn) the___________________ (I/know).c. The________________ (fast) you run, the_________________
(you/advance).d. The_________________ (hot) it is the___________________ (you/drink)e. The__________________ (soon) the____________________ (good)f. The __________________ (you/eat) the__________________(fat) you will
get.g. The___________________(she/read) that book,
the__________________(she/like)it.h. The___________________(intelligent) you are, the_____________ (high)
marks you will get.
3. Complete the sentences with So/Neither
b. I am learning French in a private school. So________________Ic. We didn´t go to the theatre last night, Neither________________wed. When I was a boy I could run 100 metres in 11
seconds.____________________ Ie. We won´t go on holiday this year. _____________________theyf. My children speak French much better than I do.
So____________________mineg. I don´t like going to pubs. _____________________I
h.
I´ve finished everything on my plate___________________we.i. I wasn´t even wounded in the war, _____________________I
7. Complete the text with the correct form ofthe verbs in brackets. Use the present perfect or the past simple.
Dear Helen
I (1) ……................. (not hear) from you for along time. Is there a problem between us? You(2) ……................. (be) angry with me atJoe’s party last month, but I don’t understandwhy. We (3) ……................. (be) boyfriendand girlfriend for more than a year and I(4) ……................. never …….................
(feel) happier. I think I (5) …….................(fall) in love with you as soon as I (6)……................. (meet) you last summer. You(7) ……................. (make) me very happysince then. What (8) ……................. I……................. (do) wrong at Joe’s party?Please explain.
Phone me soon.
All my love
Andy
8. Complete the text using the Present Perfect Simple or the Simple Past Tense.
1. My son_________ (be born) 15 years ago and his sister is two years younger. I ____________ (never smack) either of them, although I___________ (sometimes feel)like doing it. Of course, I ____________ (often tell) them off, but on the whole theyare well-behaved.
2. When I ___________ (be) a child, my mother___________ (prepare) breakfastevery weekday, but on Saturday my father___________ (cook) eggs and bacon and I __________ (make) the toast and the coffee. On Sundays we _________ (alwayssleep) too long to have breakfast. I don´t think I __________ (ever eat) breakfast ona Sunday on my whole life.
9. Complete the text with the correct tense of the verbs in brackets. Use thepresent simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous or presentperfect.
My brother, Sam, (1) ……................. (go) to a gallery last week to see an exhibition
by a new artist. While Sam (2) ……................. (look) at one of the paintings, a man(3) ……................. (appear) next to him. The man asked,‘(4) ……................. you ……................. (enjoy) the exhibition?’ Sam said, ‘It’svery good, but I(5) ……................. (not understand) this painting.’ ‘Really? That’s interesting,’the man replied. Sam said, ‘I (6) ……................. (stare) at it for a long time, but I(7) ……................. (not decide) if I like it yet. The subject is interesting but thestyle andcolours are a bit simple. What do you think?(8) ……................. you ever ……................. (see) this artist before?’ ‘Yes,’ hereplied, ‘I am the artist.’ Sam (9) ……................. (blush) but the man said, ‘Don’tworry. I like talking about
my paintings and I (10) ……................. (prefer) people to be honest.
10. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the firsttwo sentences. Use the past perfect and the past simple.
I took an aspirin. Then I felt better.
When I had taken an aspirin, I felt better.
1 She did her homework. Then she went to bed.
When ……….............................................….. .
2 We saw our friends. Then we went home.
When ………....................................……….. .
3 He rang his parents. Then he felt happy.
When ………..................................……….. .
4 I went to London. Then I visited Oxford.
When ……….....................................……….. .
11. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Usethe present simple, present continuous, past simple, past continuous or presentperfect.
1 While I……................. (watch) TV last night, my friend ……................. (ring).
2 A What …….............. you ……............... (do) next weekend?
B I’m not sure, but I usually ……................. (go) swimming.
3 A ……................ David ……................ (start) his exams yet?
B Yes, he …….............. already …….............. (do) three exams.
4 What ……................. (happen) in the street when the police …….................(arrive)?
5 She usually ……................. (put) on formal clothes for work, but she……................. (wear) jeans today.
6 A ……............... you ever ……............... (see) a ghost in this house?
B No, but we ……................. (hear) lots ofstrange noises.
12. Fill the gaps with the correct tenses (active or passive voice).
1. In the year 122 AD, the Roman Emperor Hadrian (visit) his provinces in Britain.
2. On his visit, the Roman soldiers (tell) him that Pictish tribes from Britain's
north (attack) them.
3. So Hadrian (give) the order to build a protective wall across one of the
narrowest parts of the country.
4. After 6 years of hard work, the Wall (finish) in 128.
5. It (be) 117 kilometres long and about 4 metres high.
6. The Wall (guard) by 15,000 Roman soldiers.
7. Every 8 kilometres there (be) a large fort in which up to 1,000 soldiers (find)
shelter.
8. The soldiers (watch) over the frontier to the north and (check) the people
who (want) to enter or leave Roman Britain.
9. In order to pass through the Wall, people (must go) to one of the small forts
that (serve) as gateways.
10. Those forts (call) milecastles because the distance from one fort to another
(be) one Roman mile (about 1,500 metres).
11. Between the milecastles there (be) two turrets from which the soldiers
3 ‘The train arrived an hour late.’They complained that ……......................… .
4 ‘He has passed all his exams.’She said that ……......................………....... .
5 ‘I’ve been a fashion victim for years.’He joked that …………....................…..….. .
6 ‘We’ve already seen the film.’He replied that …………….....................….. .
7 ‘They will be very happy together.’I predicted that …………................…....…... .
8 ‘We’ll tidy up the kitchen.’They promised that …………............…........ .
9 ‘I can buy a Rolls Royce.’She boasted that ............................................. .
10 ‘He needs to fill in a form.’She explained that .......................................... ………...........................................................
16. Convert the phrases below into reported speech.
"It's raining," she said.
1 ______________________________________________
He said to her, "I love you."
2 ______________________________________________
"I saw María in the supermarket yesterday," said Carlos.
3 ______________________________________________
"We've lived here for three years," he said.
4 ______________________________________________
"I'll bring a pasta salad," said Francesca.
5 ______________________________________________
"Mark's going to install solar panels," said Miranda.
6 ______________________________________________
"They found gold here," said the geology teacher.
7 ______________________________________________
"Jenny can't speak French," said Pierre.
8 ______________________________________________"I first met my wife in Seville," he told us.
"I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said.
10 ______________________________________________
"My mother made these cakes," said Juan.
11 ______________________________________________
"I'm feeling tired now," said David.
_____________________________________________
17. Reported Questions
1) Mandy: "Are the boys reading the book?"Yesterday Mandy asked me .
2) Jason: "Who gave you the laptop?"Yesterday Jason wanted to know .
3) Robert: "Is Tim leaving on Friday?"Yesterday Robert asked me .
4) Daniel: "Will it rain tomorrow?"Yesterday Daniel asked me .
5) Jennifer: "Where do you play football today?"Yesterday Jennifer wanted to know .
6) Nancy: "Why didn't Nick go to New York last summer?"
Yesterday Nancy wanted to know .7) Barbara: "Do I have to do my homework this afternoon?"Yesterday Barbara asked me .
8) Linda: "Did Max fly to London two weeks ago?"Yesterday Linda wanted to know .
9) Grandmother: "Where are my glasses?"Yesterday Grandmother asked me .
10) A man: "When does the train to Liverpool leave?"Yesterday a man asked me .
18. Fill in the or a/an or no article as appropriate.
a. I wish __________ grew on __________ trees.b. Can you pay me back____________ money I lent you?c. All ___________ countries of ___________ world must try to save__________
energy.d. ___________ energy we need for__________ project will take most of
____________ savings in _________ bank.e. __________ weather in __________ south of_________ France is wonderful.f. ___________ bad weather can ruin___________ holiday.g. He plays___________ football for__________ national team.
h.
_____________ children want to play__________ game of_________ footballbefore__________ supper.
i. I know__________ he is ____________ doctor, but I am not sure whether he is ___________ psychiatrist or _________ brain surgeon.
j. He first played ___________ piano at___________ concert when he was at ___________ school.
k. ___________ Ben Nevis is___________ highest mountain in__________ UnitedKingdom.
l.
Who or what is responsible for __________ increase in _________ crime? Is it __________ society, ____________television or_________ education wegive_____________ young people?
19. RELATIVE SENTENCES.Join the sentences to make one long sentence. Usewho or which.
1 That’s the girl. She lives next door to Martin.
____________________________________
2 This is the book. Katie bought it for me for my birthday.
____________________________________
3 There are a lot of people. They enjoy watching this TV show.
____________________________________
4 We got on the bus. It goes into the town centre.
____________________________________
5 These are the computer games. They are the most popular.
20. Combine these pairs of sentences using a relative clause and which, who, thator whose. Begin with the word or phrase given.
1. We ordered some furniture a month ago. It hasn´t arrived yet.The furniture2. You read a lot of information in the newspaper. You shouldn´t believe it all.You shouldn´t3. We have had bad weather this summer. It isn´t usual.The bad weather4. The man´s a film director. His films have won a lot of prizes.That is the film director5. Measles is an illness. Its symptoms are unpleasant for children.Measles6. Someone might solve the energy crisis. That person will become an
international hero.The person7. There is hot water and steam undr the earth. It can provide energy.
The hot water and steam8. Some countries wast energy. He complains about them.He complains9. He took part in some iscussions. They were a waste of time.The discussions10. A man invented the steam engine. He revolutionised land transport.The man
21. Choose one of the following relative pronouns who, which or whose from thedropdown menu.
1) I talked to the girl car had broken down in front of the shop.
2) Mr Richards, is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.
3) We often visit our aunt in Norwich is in East Anglia.
4) This is the girl comes from Spain.
5) That's Peter, the boy has just arrived at the airport.
6) Thank you very much for your e-mail was very interesting.
7) The man, father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.
8) The children, shouted in the street, are not from our school.
9) The car, driver is a young man, is from Ireland.
10) What did you do with the money your mother lent you?
22. Combine the sentences using defining relative pronouns. When the relativepronoun is an object, it can be omitted.
1 That's the girl. She spoke to me yesterday. _____________________________________________________________ .2 What's the name of the book? You want me to read it. _____________________________________________________________ .3 We stayed in a hotel. The hotel was very expensive. _____________________________________________________________ .
4 I rent a house. It is very small. _____________________________________________________________ .
23. Conditional Sentences. Finish each of the following sentences in such a waythat it means exactly the same as the first sentence.
1.They criticized me because I made a simple mistake.If I hadn´t2. The lion was attacking the man, so he shot it.The man wouldn´t _______________________3. He was making so much noise that he didn´t hear the telephone.If he hadn´t4. He is a millionaire now because he worked so hard when he was younger.
He wouldn´t5. She lost all her money in the business because she wasn´t careful.If she had6. They did away with the old cinema because they wanted to build a block offlats.If they hadn´t wanted to built7. He forgot to post the letters because she was in such a hurry.If she8. He is useless at maths now because he didn´t pay enough attention at school.,He wouldn´t
9. The weather was awful, so we didn’t enjoy our holiday.
We were all looking forward to__________________ (see) him riding a bike. We had
decided_______________ (ride) through the forest. That was another problem
because Peter is not a countryside person and he is not used to____________ (do)
any kind of physical effort. We thought we would______________ (tell) us that he
was not going to ride in muddy paths but he didn´t say anything. He said he didn´t
mind _____________ (ride) his bike in this type of paths as long as we waited for him
in case he felt tired. Surprinsingly enough, we didn´t have to wait for him. We didn´t
expect him to be so fit. Actually he told us he would like_________________ (repeat)
the experience again.
As you can see Peter is a very determined person who never gives
up______________ (do) what he has in mind to do. Undoubtedly, this was a
wonderful experience for us and for him. Sometimes we judge people beforehand.We all thought Peter wouldn´t be interested in_____________ (practise) any kind
of sports and probably he didn´t even know how good he was
at_________________ (ride) bikes. On top of that, _____________________ (buy) a
bike is something most people of our age.
32. Complete the sentences using either gerund or infinitive
1. I know I shouldn´t, but I can´t help________ when
I see him.
a. Laughing b. laugh c. to laugh d. to laughing
2. The members all know what to do, but the
President still needs__________
a. Convince b. convincing c. to convince d.
being convinced
3. I can´t see how they can avoid______ anotherdefeat.
a. to suffer b. to suffering c. suffering d.
having suffered
4. I´m sorry but I am not used___________ in public.