June 16, 2013 Machine Tool Group Initiation Tongtai Machine & Tool (4526:TT) Machinery / Taiwan Key Ratios Summary Share Price (June 14, 2012) $24.50 Sell JPY depreciation impedes Tongtai’s price competitiveness The depreciation weakens Tongtai’s price advantage. The price difference between Japanese machine tools and those of Tongtai shrinks to less than 8 percent and results in a decline in Tongtai’s market share. We forecast the depreciation will take effect on Tongtai’s revenue in 2Q13. Chinese auto makers to cut capex The fall in Chinese auto maker’s capex will dwindle Tongtai’s shipments. The capacity utilization of Chinese auto makers is plagued by the excess capacity due to overinvestment in past years. In the short run, we forecast Tongtai’s shipments to Chinese market to aggravate because of the anti-Japan protest and because of the sluggish demand for commercial vehicles. PCB makers switch to the Laser driller The demand for machinery drillers diminishes. We have observed the capex from PCB manufacturers switches to the laser drilling machine to produce any layer HDI as handheld devices become lighter and thinner. The yen depreciation will force Tongtai to reduce prices and thereby cause a tightening gross margin. Price Target Our target price is $14.38, which is 14x the P/E multiple of Tongtai’s estimated EPS from 2Q13 to 1Q14. Price Target $14.38 Downside to Price Target 41% Capital $2.26 billion Market Cap. $5.31 billion Shr. held by Foreign Investors 6.98% Stock Prices relative to TAIEX in past year: Tongtai has underperformed TAIEX by 30% for the past year. Researchers 吳睿驊 [email protected]張泰德 [email protected]潘彥誠 [email protected]許家源 [email protected]鍾尚樺 [email protected]Consolidated 2012 2013(f) 2014(f) 2015(f) Revenue (mn) 7226 6858 7459 8099 Gross Margin (mn) 1799 1595 1706 1851 EBITDA (mn) 652 580 669 761 Net Income (mn) 221 227 258 320 EPS ($) 0.98 0.99 1.12 1.38 Source: TEJ, Team Research 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 0 10 20 30 40 50 July, 2011 Oct, 2011 Jan, 2012 Apr, 2012 Tongtai TAIEX
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JPY depreciation impedes Tongtai’s price competitiveness The depreciation weakens Tongtai’s price advantage. The price difference between Japanese machine tools and those of Tongtai shrinks to less than 8 percent and results in a decline in Tongtai’s market share. We forecast the depreciation will take effect on Tongtai’s revenue in 2Q13. Chinese auto makers to cut capex The fall in Chinese auto maker’s capex will dwindle Tongtai’s shipments. The capacity utilization of Chinese auto makers is plagued by the excess capacity due to overinvestment in past years. In the short run, we forecast Tongtai’s shipments to Chinese market to aggravate because of the anti-Japan protest and because of the sluggish demand for commercial vehicles. PCB makers switch to the Laser driller The demand for machinery drillers diminishes. We have observed the capex from PCB manufacturers switches to the laser drilling machine to produce any layer HDI as handheld devices become lighter and thinner. The yen depreciation will force Tongtai to reduce prices and thereby cause a tightening gross margin.
Price Target Our target price is $14.38, which is 14x the P/E multiple of Tongtai’s estimated EPS from 2Q13 to 1Q14.
Price Competitiveness Is Eroded by the Yen Depreciation The price gap between Tongtai’s drillers and those of Japan’s machinery makers has reduced to 10% from 30% as Japanese competitors enjoy the benefit of weak yen. Although Tongtai has already decreased its prices, it cannot maintain the original price gap because of relatively stronger Taiwanese currency and because of its thinner profit margin than Japanese counterparts. We forecast Tongtai to report lower-than-expected earnings in 2Q13. Machinery manufacturers in Taiwan have cut selling prices in January to prevent customers from transferring orders. We forecast a sag in revenue will be disclosed in 2Q13 considering Tongtai makes product delivery in 3 months after it receives an order. Japanese machine tool industry is driven by export. The export revenue accounted for 81% of the gross revenue in 2012. Owing to the yen depreciation, Japanese competitors has shown great improvement in profitability and financial position. We believe Japanese competitors will fix their gross profit margin owing to their constrained capacity expansion plan.
The yen depreciation will reduce revenue in May.
The decrease in Japanese machinery prices will exceed that of Taiwanese machinery prices in July.
The percentage change in prices when orders are placed. The percentage change in prices when products are shipped.
Source: TEJ, Team Research
Source: TEJ, Team Research
Negotiation
•Clients demand price reduction
Order Placment
•Purchase consideration is set
Shipment
Revenue Recognization
-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
Oct
Nov De
cJa
nFe
bM
ar Apr
May Jun Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov De
c
2012 2013
JPY/USD NTD/USD KRW/USD
-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
Oct
Nov De
cJa
nFe
bM
ar Apr
May Jun Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov De
c
2012 2013
JPY/USD NTD/USD KRW/USD
1 month
Source: Team Research
3 months Taiwanese and Korean makers
6 months Japanese makers
Tongtai used to benefit from yen appreciation.
The yen started a remarkable depreciate in September 2012. Japanese machinery sales used to be impeded by strong yen.
Source: TEJ
Source: TEJ
Scenarios
Price %
Decrease of
Jap. Makers
Price %
Decrease of
Tongtai
Price Gap
Maintain
Price Gap
22%
22% 30%
Partly
Adjust
17% 25%
12% 20%
Do not
Adjust 0% 8%
Scenario analysis of Tongtai’s pricing strategies
Source: Team Research
Tongtai Will Lose Market Share on an 8% Price Gap Tongtai has suffered from the yen depreciation in 2013. Tongtai’s price reduction reflects only the cost cut on raw materials. The price gap between Tongtai’s machine tools and those of Japanese manufacturers has shortened to 8%. However, major Taiwanese competitors such as Awea, Goodway, Kafo, and Victor Taichung acknowledged that they have reduced 5% - 10% of their selling prices. We believe Tongtai will keep an 8% price gap while endure a slump in machine tool shipments. In 2012, machine tools yield 25% gross profit margin and 6% net profit margin. If further price cut is to be promoted, Tongtai’s machine tools can barely realize profits. Seeing that the Japanese yen will remain sluggish, we infer Tongtai will rather sacrifice its revenue to stabilize its profitability.
We forecast the growth of Japanese export orders will turn
positive in May.
-25%
-20%
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
Jul, 2012
Oct, 2012
Jan, 2013
Apr, 2013
USD/JPY USD/NTD USD/KRW
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Jan, 2010
Apr, 2010
Jul, 2010
Oct, 2010
Jan, 2011
Apr, 2011
Jul, 2011
Oct, 2011
Jan, 2012
Apr, 2012
USD/JPY USD/NTD USD/KRW
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Jan
Mar
May Ju
l
Sep
Nov Jan
Mar
May
(F)
Jul(F
)
Sep(
F)
Nov
(F)
2012 2013
日本 台灣 韓國Japan Taiwan Korea
Source: NTL. Dep. of Statistics, JMTBA, KOMMA, Team Research
The Yen Depreciation Will Reduce Tongtai’s Profit Margin by 2%.
The components’ price reduction cannot compensate
the product’s selling price decrease.
We forecast the year-over-year growth of Tongtai’s manufacturing cost will decrease 5% in 2013. CNC controllers, ballscrews, and linear guideways have seen 10% price decrease thanks to the yen depreciation. The oversupply of iron and steel has depressed the cost of sheet metal, foundry goods, and turret, which account for 65% of Tongtai’s manufacturing costs. However, the reduction of material cost is not enough to offset the falling prices brought about by the price competition from Japanese competitors.
Manufacturing Costs Breakdown
Source: Team Research
Changes in Tongtai’s profit margin
1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12
Machine Tool 28.0% 26.1% 27.8% 30.7%
PCB Driller 23.0% 21.4% 22.9% 25.2%
Total Mix 24.7% 23.0% 24.6% 27.1%
1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13
Machine Tool 28.5% 25.3% 25.5% 28.5%
PCB Driller 25.0% 22.3% 22.1% 24.5%
Total Mix 22.0% 23.0% 22.7% 25.0%
The percentage changes in Tongtai’s manufacturing costs
1Q12 2Q12 3Q12 4Q12
Machine Tool 72.0% 73.9% 72.2% 69.3%
PCB Driller 77.0% 78.6% 77.1% 74.8%
1Q13 2Q13 3Q13 4Q13
Machine Tool 70.8% 72.5% 70.7% 68.0%
PCB Driller 74.3% 75.4% 74.0% 71.7%
Source: TEJ, Team Research
Direct Labor
5%
Sheet Metal, Foundry Goods, and Turrret
65%
CNC Controller
18%
Ballscrews and Linear Guideways
4%
Other Manufacturing Costs
8%
Driller industry revenue is expected to tumble.
Tongtai’s and Takisawa’s ASP
Takisawa’s ASP continues to fall in past 6 years.
The PCB Industry Shows Slow Growth Momentum. We expect Tongtai’s PCB driller revenue will be $37.6 million in 2013 (-10.55% YoY), $37.2 million in2014 (-1.06% YoY), and $34.0 million in 2015 (-8.60% YoY). The corresponding shipments are estimated to be 342, 348, and 329 with the average selling prices at $109 thousand, $107 thousand and $103 thousand. The price of PCB driller decreased at a CAGR of 1.9% for the past six years. We believe the decline was due to the attempt to boost market share by liquidating old and inexpensive drilling models to small PCB producers. A driller machine producer based in Taiwan, Takisawa has encountered declining shipments to 3.06 million in 2012 from 4.36 million in 2006. During the period, Takisawa garners a 2% ~ 8% market share with its gross profit margin hovering between 15% and 20%. We hold the average selling price will stay inert seeing that mechanical driller producers are protecting exposure to customers in a contracting market. With the forecast that Tongtai’s gross profit margin will be fixed at 25%, we infer Tongtai to lower 5% of its PCB driller’s price in 2013 and 2.4% in 2014 and 2015 respectively. Tongtai’s PCB drillers are comparable to that of Japanese manufacturers in quality but are 15% ~ 20% cheaper than Japanese counterparts. However, the yen depreciation, which has amounted to 25% since 2H12, has forced Tongtai to discount its selling prices. We maintain Tongtai will lower 5% of its selling prices in 2013 to restore its 15% price difference with Japanese machine tools.
$40.3
$37.6 $37.2
$34.0
$30.0
$32.5
$35.0
$37.5
$40.0
$42.5
2012 2013(f) 2014(f) 2015(f)
NTD
in M
illio
ns
$144
$111
$130
$123
$100
$110
$120
$130
$140
$150
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
in N
TD T
hous
and
Takisawa TongTai
4.2%3.6%
5.9%
8.3%
2.5%
6.1%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
$50
$75
$100
$125
$150
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
in N
TD th
ousa
nd
ASP Market Share
PCB Industry Transitions Any Layer HDI PCB. Tongtai garners 22% share of the mechanical driller market. Tongtai’s key PCB customers are rigid PCB manufacturers in Taiwan whose capital expenditures are critical to Tongtai’s PCB driller shipments. We observed PCB manufacturers’ spending on mechanical drillers were 30% of the annual capex before 2011. However, the percentage reduced to 19% during 2011 and 2012. We believe the laser driller has been replacing the traditional mechanical driller because today’s handset devices use any layer HDI, an advanced type of PCB widely adopted by smartphone brands but can be efficiently produced only by laser drillers. Therefore, PCB manufacturers will increase laser driller installation while decreasing the reliance on mechanical drillers. We forecast there will be solid demand for laser drillers because the production of any layer HDI PCB will utilize 25% more capacity than that of four-layer HDI PCB and because the production yield of any layer HDI PCB is 70% for new entrants. We believe the market for mechanical drillers is cannibalized by the rising demand for laser drillers as smartphone companies embrace any layer HDI PCB. We estimate the market share of mechanical drillers will be 19.1% in 2013, 18.2% in 2014, and 17.1% in 2015. Tongtai Cannot but Compete on Prices. We expect Japanese manufacturers will lower their prices in response to request from their PCB customers. Hence, we forecast Tongtai to decrease 5% of its selling prices to protect its market status. However, Tongtai cannot keep the original 5%~10% price difference with Japanese competitors and its market share in mechanical drilling will retreat to 23% in 2013, 22% in 201 and 20% in 2015.
7.1%
4.2%3.6%
5.9%
8.3%
2.5%
6.1%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
0
50
100
150
200
250
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Shipment (unit) Market Share (RHS)
6.6 2.8
10.6
4.8 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.3
30%26%
39%
17%19% 19% 18% 17%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
$0
$10
$20
$30
$40
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
Capex Capex on Mechanical Drilling % of Capex
$394
$314
$200
$300
$400
$500
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
ASP of Tongtai's PCB Drillers
306 548 331 210 719 325 348 342 348 329
15%
22%19%
29%25% 25% 25%
23% 22%20%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
0
250
500
750
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
Shipment Market Share
Japanese auto shipments turned down in 4Q12.
Source: CAAM
Auto shipments growth decelerated during 2011-2012.
Source: CAAM, Team Research
CV shipments declined during 2011-2012.
Source: CAAM, Team Research
Chinese Auto Factories Will Slash Capex in 2013. Chinese and Japanese auto brands based in China contributed 25% of Tongtai’s machine tool revenue in 2012. Tongtai claims Chinese auto makers will represent 35% of its revenue in 2013. However, we argue the target will be missed seeing that Chinese local brands cannot continue capacity build-up and that auto sales fall short of growth expectation in 2012, which leads to high stocks that are difficult to be liquidated in the coming low season. Meanwhile, Japanese car makers in China face a plunge in sales triggered by the ongoing anti-Japanese sentiment. We forecast Tongtai’s machine tool shipments to drop in the next twelve months. Auto Makers Adjust to New Growth Prospect
China’s auto sales saw double-digit growth during 2009 to 2010 due to government’s subsidy and tax cut, which brought demand forward but will depress sales in future. The weakening PV sales growth during 2011 to 2012 has depressed capacity utilization among Chinese auto brands. In commercial vehicle market, the demand for trucks is plagued by the decrease in fixed asset investment and the railroad system as a substitute for land transportation. The slowdown in auto sales will deter auto makers from investing in machine tools. Although auto parts suppliers will compete for European and North American car makers, which registered higher sales growth than Chinese and Japanese auto brands, we hold the strategy will not take effect until 2H13 given that it takes 3-4 quarters for auto parts suppliers to build partnership with car manufacturers.
-75%
-50%
-25%
0%
25%
50%
75%
0
10
20
30
40
Jan, 2011
Mar, 2011
May, 2011
Jul, 2011
Sep, 2011
Nov, 2011
Jan, 2012
Mar, 2012
May, 2012
Jul, 2012
Sep, 2012
Nov, 2012
Jan, 2013
Mar, 2013
May, 2013
in te
ns o
f tho
usan
ds
Shipment of Japanese Cars YoY Growth Rate
6.7%
45.4%
32.4%
2.5% 4.3%
12.4% 12.0% 12.0%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
in m
illio
ns Car Shipments YoY Growth Rate
2.62 3.31 4.29 4.03 3.81 3.93 4.04 4.15
5.2%
26.0%29.8%
-6.1% -5.5%
3.1% 2.8% 2.8%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
0
1
2
3
4
5
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
in m
illio
ns CV Shipments YoY Growth Rate
Auto shipments lead to the fluctuations in capex.
Source: CAAM, DataStream, Team Research
Car inventory has increased since the beginning of 2013.
Source: Sohu
Overinvestment Leads to Falling Capacity Utilization. We forecast the capex from Chinese auto industry has peaked and is expected to drop in next 12 months. The capex expansion during 2011 to 2012 was due to the rising demand supported by the car subsidy in 2009 and 2010. Because the demand was brought forward, the car market cannot sustain its high growth momentum in 2013 and 2014. We believe the excessive capacity will deter capacity investment, especially investment from Chinese local manufacturers whose capacity utilization falls below the industry’s average. We anticipate the car market will register double-digit volume growth in 2013. However, the rebound can hardly boost demand for machine tools in 2013. Based on historical fluctuations, capex leads sales volume 1.5 to 2 years. The overinvestment in 2011 and 2012 has caused serious drop in capacity utilization among auto makers since the auto sales in 2011 and 2012 showed an unexpected 5% growth. We forecast industry capex to fall 30% YoY in 2013 and rebound 14% YoY in 2014. Low Utilization Worsens The capacity utilization remains low among Chinese auto manufacturers. We forecast the utilization rate will exacerbate in 2H13 as auto inventory will be difficult to be liquidated in the coming slack season. Auto makers will, therefore, delay machinery installation and hurt Tongtai’s machine tool shipments in 2H13.
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013(E)
2014(E)
2015(E)
Sales Volume YoY Capex YoY
-10
-5
0
5
10
Jan, 2012
Apr, 2012
Jul, 2012
Oct, 2012
Jan, 2013
Apr, 2013
in te
ns o
f tho
usan
ds
Price Evaluation P/E comparison among Taiwanese
machine tool manufacturers
Tongtai’s share price is 23.52x the forward 12-month EPS (2Q13 – 1Q14). Among the most influential factors are the depreciation of Japanese yen, the decline in capex from Chinese auto industry, and the slowdown in rigid PCB demand. We target Tongtai’s share price at $14.38, which is 14x the $1.03 forward 12-month EPS estimate. The downside potential is 41.31% of Tongtai’s current share price.
Company PE ratio
Awea 10.41
Chevalier N.A.
Goodway 10.16
Johnford 15.69
Kafo 32.67
Takisawa 10.60
Tongtai 23.52
Source: Bloomberg
Source: TEJ, Team Research
Risks
The upside risks include: 1. Exchange Rates If NTD depreciates in 2H13, the price difference between Tongtai’s machine tools and those of Japan’s competitors will narrow. The pressure to reduce selling prices alleviates and Tongtai’s gross profit margin will be stable. We forecast the NTD depreciation will also contribute $0.5 EPS as exchange gains in 2H13. 2. PCB Drillers Tongtai can maintain driller shipments if Han’s Laser, a PCB driller manufacturer that ranks fourth in terms of market share, cannot lower its defect rate and stabilize the supply of its self-produced CNC controllers. If Tongtai’s laser drillers improve in production yield, we forecast its driller shipment will see large increase in the following years. 3. Chinese Auto Market If Tongtai’s customers break into European and American auto supply chain earlier than we expect, we forecast the growing capex from these auto makers will boost Tongtai’s annual revenue by 15%.
$10
$20
$30
$40
$50
$60
1Q09
2Q09
3Q09
4Q09
1Q10
2Q10
3Q10
4Q10
1Q11
2Q11
3Q11
4Q11
1Q12
2Q12
3Q12
4Q12
1Q13
2Q13
3Q13
4Q13
1Q14
2Q14
3Q14
4Q14
1Q15
24x
20x
16x
12x
8x
Scenario Analysis
The fluctuations in exchange rates and the pricing strategy of Japanese machine tool manufacturers are the most possible risk factors that will erode Tongtai’s profitability for the coming 12 months. We simulate Tongtai’s gross profit margin and its annual EPS under different scenarios, finding that the exchange rate has a greater impact on Tongtai’s earnings power. The neutral scenario represents our forecast that leads to the $14.38 target price.
Scenarios
Optimistic Neutral Pessimistic
NTD depreciates 10% in 2H13
Japanese competitors fix prices
NTD holds value in terms of JPY
Jap. competitors reduce 22% prices
NTD appreciates 10% in 2H13
Jap. competitors reduce 22% prices
2013 profit margin 28.6% 23.2% 21.6%
EPS
2013 $2.73 $0.99 $0.13
2014 $3.37 $1.12 $0.34
2015 $3.90 $1.38 $0.52
Source: Team Research
Appendix 1:Peer Comparison
Company Ticker Market Cap.
(NTD mn)
2012
Revenue
(NTD bn)
EPS P/E P/B
2012
ROE
(%)
Manufacturers that supply parts and components for machine tools
AirTAC TT:1590 23,272 5.66 7.05 20.56 3.92 19.4
Hiwin TT:2049 118,631 12.37 -6.18 N.M 0.75 19.3
NSK JP:6471 50,072 77.9 3.09 29.38 1.44 13.8
THK JP:6481 28,890 20.9 8.18 26.38 1.37 10.5
Fanuc JP:6954 360,122 57.2 65.32 23.01 2.54 23.2
Manufacturers that produce metal cutting machine tools