4.2 Role of Hormone in Menstruation Cycle

7/26/2019 4.2 Role of Hormone in Menstruation Cycle

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4.2 ROLE OF HORMONE INTHE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

CHAPTER 5 REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH


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WHAT IS MENSTRUATION?

The break!"# !$ %he &'#'#( !$ %he )%er)*"a&& "h'+h "'&& '*+har(e %hr!)(h %he

,a('#a "'%h a *-a&& a-!)#% !$ *!-e +e&&*

a# b&!!.


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WHAT IS MENSTRUAL

CYCLE A -!#%h&/ ++&'+a& 0r!)+%'!# !$ !,a %ha%

'* re()&a%e a# *#+hr!#'*e b a#)-ber !$ '1ere#% h!r-!#e*.

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++&e.

U*)a&& &a*%* $!r 23 a*


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DAYS EVENT OCCUR

IN OARY IN UTERUS1-5 Pr'-ar $!&&'+&e*

e,e&!0e

Me#*%r)a%'!# !++)r

6-13 Graaa# $!&&'+&e

-a%)re

Re0a'r'#( a#

%h'+ke#'#( !$e#!-e%r')-14 O,)&a%'!# !++)r

15-24 De,e&!0-e#% !$

+!r0)* &)%e)-

C!#%'#)!)* %h'+ke#'#(

!$ e#!-e%r')- "a&&

a# b&!! ,e**e&*'#*'e e#!-e%r')-

25-28 De(e#era%'!# !$

C!r0)* L)%e)- '$

#! $er%'&'6a%'!#7

8reaka(e !$

e#!-e%r')- '$ #!

'-0&a#%a%'!#7

E,e#%* '# -e#*%r)a& ++&e


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IMPORTANCE OF MENSTRUAL

CYCLE9 C!#%r!&* %he e,e&!0-e#% !$ %he !,)-/

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INOLEMENT OF FEMALE SE:

HORMONES IN MESTRUAL CYCLEHORMONE SITE OF

SECRETION

MAJOR ROLE

Gonadotrophin-

releasing hormone

GnRH!

Hypothalamus Stimulate pituitary to secrete FSH

and LH

Folli"le

stim#lating

hormone FSH!

Pituitary

gland

Stimulates development of primary

follicles Stimulate the secretion of

oestrogenL#teinising

hormone LH!

Pituitary

gland

Stimulate ovulation

Stimulate development of corpus

luteum

Stimulate the secretion ofro esterone


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HORMONE SITE OF

SECRETION

MAJOR ROLE

Oestrogen Developingfollicles in

ovary

Promotes repair of endometriumLow level: Inhibit FSH secretion

High level: Stimulate release of FSH

and LH

$rogesterone Corpusluteum in

ovary

Promote thicening and vascularisedof endometrium

High level: Inhibit FSHsecretion

Low level: !rigger menstruation

INOLEMENT OF FEMALE SE:

HORMONES IN MESTRUAL CYCLE


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THE ROLE OF HORMONES IN

REGULATING MENSTRUAL CYCLE

;. De,e&!0-e#% !$ $!&&'+&e '# !,ar

2. Th'+k#e** !$ e#!-e%r')- '# )%er)*


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THE EFFECT OF HORMONAL LEEL ON

FOLLICULAR DEELOPMENT IN

OARY


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"bout # day beforemenstruation$ theganadotrophin%releasing hormone

&'n(H) is releasedby hypothalamustostimulate pituitaryglandto release Follicle%stimulating

hormone &FSH) Luteinising hormone

&LH)*

FOLLICULAR DEELOPMENT INOARY


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DAYS 1-5

FSH stimulatesdevelopment of several

primary follicles$ but onlyone matures completely$becoming a 'raafianfollicle*

Follicle cells secrete smallamount of oestrogenwhich

promotes the folliclematuration*

Low oestrogen level e+ertnegativefeedbac onpituitary gland to ensurelow level of FSHand LH*



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DAYS 6-

14

"s follicles grow

and mature$oestrogen levelalso increasedramatically untilreaches a pea onday #,*



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DAYS 6-14

High oestrogen level

e+ert positive feedbac

on hypothalamus causes

a sudden increase in

'n(H$ FSH - LH

secretion*

" riseof LH level

triggersovulation on day#. causing the 'raafian

follicle to burstand

release secondary oocyte

into Fallopian tube*



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DAYS 15-24 LHstimulate

development of corpusluteum and stimulate

the secretionof largeamount progesteroneby corpus luteum*

High level ofprogesterone secreted

by corpus luteum caninhibitthe secretionof FSHandLH*



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DAYS 25-

28

" decline of LH level

will degeneratethecorpus luteumcausing theprogesteronedecreaseas well*



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THIC


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DAYS 1-5

" dropofprogesteroneand

oestrogen levels ina woman bodycaused:%

the breaage ofendometrium wall

ruptureof theblood capillaryinside endometrium

Leading tomenstruation*


THIC


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DAYS 6-14

/estrogensecretedby growing folliclepromotes repair anddevelopment ofendometrium*

/vulation occurs

'raafian folliclerelease secondaryoocyte to thefallopian tubebefore it developinto corpus luteum


THIC


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DAYS 15-24

Corpus luteumsecrete progesteronecausing

endometriumwallhighly vascular andthicer

0ndometrium nowready for embryonicimplantation &ifferti1ation occur)*


THIC


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DAYS 25-28

If implantation occur:

Corpus luteum will eep

releasing progesterone and

the endometrium continuesto develop to support the

embryo

If no implantation occur:

!he level of progesterone

and oestrogen drop$

causing the breaage of

endometrium$ leading

menstruation* !he cycle

will be repeated again*


THIC


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PRE=MENSTRUAL

SYNDROME " group of symptoms associated with the menstrual cycle

e+perienced by a woman*

Changes in the progesterone and oestrogen levels may affect

women emotionally$ mentally and physical*

0motional changes: "n+ious$ irritable$ moody$ easy to cry$depressed

2ental change: Difficult to concentrate and remember things

Physical changes: Headache$ breast swelling and pain$ fatigue$abdominal pain$ bloating$ appetite changes and muscle pain


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MENOPAUSE

" conditionin which the menstrual cycle stops and no more matured

egg or ovumare produced*

3sually occur at age .4%44years* Start happens when menstruation

does not occur for #, months*

/ccur when the ovaries become less receptive to FSH and LHstimulation resulting the drop of progesteroneand oestrogen level*

Lacof oestrogen can cause the loss of calcium in bones leading to

osteoporosis*

0motional and mentally changes: same as those caused by

premenstrual syndrome*

Physically changes: 5ight sweat$ loss on bone tissue$ bladder control

and tendency to put on weight*

4.2 Role of Hormone in Menstruation Cycle

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