40440455-GMDSS-Gantioler-2009-10

GMDSS

Maritime Radio Operator

Thomas Gantioler

October 2009

GMDSS Maritime Radio Operatorwww.gantioler.at

Author

fig. 1: Gantioler

Thomas GantiolerInnsbruckerstrasse 136071 AldransAustriamobile: [email protected]

www.gantioler.at

Maritime radioinstructor and examiner.

I can not accept any resposibility for any errors or omissions or forany consequences resulting therefrom for following contents.

All rights reserved.

title: GMDSS Martime Radio Operatorphoto: Ploder; esturay Zrmanja - Novigradsko More, Croatiarevision: October 2009

1

http://www.gantioler.at

mailto:[email protected]



Contents

I Restricted Certificate 9

1 Maritime Radio Operator 91.1 Restricted Operator Certificate ROC . . . . . . . . . 91.2 Short Range Certificate SRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.3 Syllabus for SRC and ROC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.4 Radio operator certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.5 Standards for Training, Certification

and Watchkeeping of Seafarers STCW . . . . . . . . 12

2 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System GMDSS 132.1 Regulations and Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.1.1 Safety Of Life At Sea SOLAS . . . . . . . . . 132.1.2 Radio Regulations RR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.2 Sea areas A1-A4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.2.1 A1 - Very High Frequency VHF . . . . . . . . 142.2.2 A2 - Medium Frequency MF . . . . . . . . . 142.2.3 A3 - International Maritime Satellite INMARSAT 142.2.4 A4 - polar regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2.3 Shorebased system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.3.1 Master Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.3.2 Search And Rescue SAR . . . . . . . . . . . 15

2.4 Shipbord system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.4.1 Radio equipment for SOLAS vessels . . . . . 162.4.2 Radio equipment for non-SOLAS vessels . . . 172.4.3 Radio equipment tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.4.4 Radio watch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182.4.5 Ship radio licence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.4.6 Radio log book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.4.7 Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.4.8 Radio secrecy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.4.9 Accounting Authority Identification Code AAIC 21

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3 VHF Maritime Mobile Radio 223.1 VHF Radio Telephone RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.1.1 Receiver RX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.1.2 Transmitter TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.1.3 VHF handheld device . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3.2 VHF Digital Selective Calling DSC . . . . . . . . . . 233.2.1 Maritime Mobile Service Identification MMSI 233.2.2 Type of calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.2.3 VHF DSC controller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3.3 VHF Maritime Mobile Band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.1 VHF wave propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.2 VHF antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.3 Simplex ship-ship and ship-shore . . . . . . . 243.3.4 Duplex and semiduplex ship-shore . . . . . . 243.3.5 VHF class of emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3.6 International VHF channels 01-28 . . . . . . 253.3.7 International VHF channels 60-88 . . . . . . 263.3.8 International VHF channel usage . . . . . . . 273.3.9 National private VHF channel usage . . . . . 27

3.4 RT communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.4.1 Phonetic Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.4.2 Standard Marine Communication Phrases SMCP 293.4.3 Maritime radio stations . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

3.5 Distress - MAYDAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.5.1 DSC distress alert on VHF ch70 . . . . . . . 313.5.2 RT distress call and message on VHF ch16 . 31

3.6 Distress relay - MAYDAY RELAY . . . . . . . . . . . 323.6.1 DSC distress relay call on VHF ch70 . . . . . 323.6.2 RT distress relay call and message on VHF ch16 323.6.3 RT distress relay acknowlege message . . . . 33

3.7 Distress cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343.7.1 DSC distress cancellation on VHF ch70 . . . 343.7.2 RT distress cancellation on VHF ch16 . . . . 34

3.8 Distress silence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.8.1 Radio silence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

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3.8.2 Normal working . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353.9 Urgency - PAN PAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

3.9.1 DSC urgency call on VHF ch70 . . . . . . . . 363.9.2 RT urgency call and message on VHF ch16 . 36

3.10 Safety - SECURITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373.10.1 DSC safety call on VHF ch70 . . . . . . . . . 373.10.2 RT safety call and message on working channel 37

3.11 Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.11.1 DSC routine call on VHF ch70 . . . . . . . . 383.11.2 RT routine call on VHF ch16 . . . . . . . . . 393.11.3 RT routine call on working channel . . . . . . 393.11.4 RT routine message on working channel . . . 39

4 Search And Rescue SatelliteCOSPAS/SARSAT 404.1 EPIRB distress alert on 406MHz . . . . . . . . . . . 404.2 EPIRB distress cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

5 Search And Rescue Transponder SART 415.1 Radar SART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415.2 AIS SART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

6 Maritime Safety Information MSI 426.1 NAVAREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.2 NAVTEX MSI service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

6.2.1 NAVTEX frequencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.2.2 NAVTEX coast stations . . . . . . . . . . . . 446.2.3 NAVTEX message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

7 Power supply 467.1 Direct Current 12V/24VDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467.2 Alternating Current 230VAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

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II General Certificate 47

8 Maritime Radio Operator 478.1 General Operator Certificate GOC . . . . . . . . . . 478.2 Long Range Certificate LRC . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.3 Syllabus for LRC and GOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488.4 Radio operator certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

9 MF/HF Maritime Mobile Radio 509.1 MF/HF propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.2 MF/HF classes of emission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519.3 MF/HF Radio Telephone RT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.3.1 Receiver RX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529.3.2 Transmitter TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

9.4 Radio bands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.5 MF/HF Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.6 MF/HF Tuner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.7 MF/HF Digital Selective Calling DSC . . . . . . . . 54

9.7.1 Type of calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549.7.2 MF/HF DSC controller . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

9.8 Distress - MAYDAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559.8.1 MF/HF DSC distress alert . . . . . . . . . . 559.8.2 MF/HF RT distress call and message . . . . 55

9.9 Distress relay - MAYDAY RELAY . . . . . . . . . . . 569.9.1 MF/HF DSC distress relay call . . . . . . . . 569.9.2 MF/HF RT distress relay call and message . . 56

9.10 Distress cancellation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579.10.1 MF/HF DSC distress cancellation . . . . . . 579.10.2 MF/HF RT distress cancellation . . . . . . . 57

9.11 Urgency - PAN PAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.11.1 MF DSC urgency call . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.11.2 MF RT urgency call and message . . . . . . 58

9.12 Safety - SECURITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599.12.1 MF DSC safety call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599.12.2 MF RT safety call and message . . . . . . . . 59

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9.13 Routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609.13.1 MF/HF DSC routine calling . . . . . . . . . 60

9.14 MF/HF telex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619.14.1 MF/HF selcal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619.14.2 MF/HF telex terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

10 International Martitime Satellite INMARSAT 6210.1 INMARSAT satellites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6210.2 INMARSAT Land Earth Station LES . . . . . . . . . 6310.3 INMARSAT Mobile Earth Station MES . . . . . . . 64

11 SAT-C Mobile Earth Station 6511.1 SAT-C Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6511.2 SAT-C priority distress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

11.2.1 SAT-C distress alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6611.2.2 SAT-C telex distress message . . . . . . . . . 6611.2.3 SAT-C telex distress relay message . . . . . . 6711.2.4 SAT-C telex distress cancellation message . . 67

11.3 SAT-C priority routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6811.3.1 SAT-C telex urgency message . . . . . . . . . 6811.3.2 SAT-C telex safety message . . . . . . . . . . 6811.3.3 SAT-C telex routine message . . . . . . . . . 69

11.4 SAT-C shore-to-ship routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7011.5 SAT-C shore-to-ship Enhanced Group Call EGC . . . 71

11.5.1 SafetyNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7111.5.2 FleetNET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7111.5.3 EGC receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

12 SAT-B/M Mobile Earth Station 7312.1 SAT-B/M Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7312.2 SAT-B/M priority distress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

12.2.1 SAT-B telex distress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7312.2.2 SAT-B/M phone distress . . . . . . . . . . . 73

12.3 SAT-B/M priority routine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7412.3.1 SAT-B/M Special Access Code SAC . . . . . 74

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12.3.2 SAT-B/M shore-to-ship routine . . . . . . . . 74

13 Fleet 77/55/33 Mobile Earth Station 7513.1 Fleet 77/55/33 Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7513.2 Priority distress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

13.2.1 Fleet 77 phone distress . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

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III Appendix 76

14 Mock questions 7614.1 Operation Performance Test OPT . . . . . . . . . . 7614.2 Safety Of Life At Sea SOLAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7714.3 Radio Regulations RR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

15 Translations 8115.1 RT messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

15.1.1 Ships distress message . . . . . . . . . . . . 8115.1.2 Passing a distress message . . . . . . . . . . 8315.1.3 Distress relay message from coast station . . 8415.1.4 Ships urgent message . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8615.1.5 Urgent message from coast station . . . . . . 8815.1.6 Ships safety message . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8915.1.7 Safety message from coast station . . . . . . 89

15.2 Weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9515.3 Vessel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9615.4 Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

16 Identifications 10016.1 MID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10016.2 Callsign series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

17 Maritime Radio Equipment 10917.1 Manufacturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

17.1.1 EPIRB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10917.1.2 MES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10917.1.3 NAVTEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10917.1.4 RT DSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11017.1.5 SART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

17.2 Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

18 Abbreviations 112

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Part I

Restricted Certificate

1 Maritime Radio Operator

1.1 Restricted Operator Certificate ROC

Required for commercial use onpassenger ships, cargo vessels >300GRT and some vessels over 24m.

fig. 2: ROC

This certificate authorises the holder to use a RadioTelephone RT on the Very High Frequency VHF chan-nels of the maritime mobile band including Digital Se-lective Calling DSC on a compulsory GMDSS fitted SO-LAS vessel which sail in sea area A1.

At least one holder of a certificate of competence for maritime ra-dio stations on board compulsory fitted SOLAS vessels is required,normally by the shipmaster himself and all marine officers.

1.2 Short Range Certificate SRC

Required for pleasure or fishing use on small crafts.

fig. 3: SRC

This certificate authorises the holder to use a RadioTelephone RT on the VHF channels of the MaritimeMobile Band including Digital Selective Calling DSCon board voluntary GMDSS fitted non-SOLAS vessels.

At least one holder of a certificate of competence for maritime radiostations is required, normally by the shipmaster himself.

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1.3 Syllabus for SRC and ROC

European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administra-tions CEPT examination syllabus for maritime radio operators in seaarea A1 (VHF) for using GMDSS voluntary (SRC) and using GMDSScompulsory (ROC). www.cept.dk

www.ero.dk

1. Maritime Mobile VHF Radio Telephone RT communications

(a) General principles and basic features

2. Detailed working knowledge of radio equipment

(a) VHF radio installation

(b) Purpose and use of Digital Selective Calling DSC

3. Operational procedures of the GMDSS

(a) Search and Rescue SAR Procedures

(b) Distress, urgency and safety communication

(c) Protection of distress frequencies

(d) Maritime Safety Information MSI

(e) Alerting and Locating Signals

(f) Communication with non-SOLAS ships ROC

4. Operational procedures and regulations

(a) Ability to exchange communications relevant to SOLAS

(b) Regulations, obligatory procedures and practices

(c) Practical and theoretical knowledge of RT procedures

(d) English language written and spoken ROC

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http://www.cept.dk

http://www.ero.dk


1.4 Radio operator certificate

Every ship radio station must be controlled by an operator holding acertificate issued or recognised by the government to which the sta-tion is subject.

The operator must hold an authority to operate by the shipmaster.

National radio operator licensing administrations:

• Austria: by law (FZG, FZV, FZGV) www.ris.bka.gv.at

SRC = UKW Betriebszeugnis II UBZ IIROC = UKW Betriebszeugnis I UBZ IRadiotelephone Operator for Inland Waterways included.Fernmeldebehorde FMB www.bmvit.gv.at

• GermanySRC = Beschrankt gultiges FunkbetriebszeugnisDeutscher Segler-Verband DSV www.dsv.org

Deutscher Motoryachtverband DMYV www.dmyv.de

ROC= Beschrankt gultiges Betriebszeugnis fur Funker BBZBundesamt fur Seeschifffahrt und Hydrografie www.bsh.de

• SwitzerlandSRC =Beschrankt gultiges Betriebszeugnis fur die SportschiffahrtRadiotelephone Operator for Inland Waterways included.Maritime Mobile Satellit Service for INMARSAT C included.Schweizer Bundesamt fur Kommunikation www.bakom.ch

• United KingdomSRC = Short Range CertificateRoyal Yachting Association RYA www.rya.co.uk

ROC = Restricted Operator CertificateAssociation of Marine Electronics and Radio Colleges

www.amerc.ac.uk

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http://www.ris.bka.gv.at

http://www.bmvit.gv.at

http://www.dsv.org

http://www.dmyv.de

http://www.bsh.de

http://www.bakom.ch

http://www.rya.co.uk

http://www.amerc.ac.uk


1.5 Standards for Training, Certificationand Watchkeeping of Seafarers STCW

The STCW Convention defines international basic requirements ontraining, certification and watchkeeping for seafarers on commercialvessels. www.imo.org

1. Medical CertificateAustria: Seeschiffahrtsverordnung www.ris.bka.gv.at

United Kingdom: MSN 1765 www.mcga.gov.uk

2. STCW 95 Basic Safety

(a) Elementary First Aid

(b) Personal Survival Techniques

(c) Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting

(d) Personal Safety and Social Responsibilities

ROC (and GOC) must be endorsed by the national maritime agency.

• Austria:Oberste Schifffahrtsbehorde OSB www.bmvit.gv.at

• Germany:Bundesamt fur Seeschifffahrt und Hydrografie www.bsh.de

• United Kingdom:Maritime and Coastguard Agency www.mcga.gov.uk

STCW revalidation is required every 5 years.

12


http://www.imo.org


http://www.mcga.gov.uk


http://www.bsh.de



2 Global Maritime Distress and Safety SystemGMDSS

2.1 Regulations and Rules

GMDSS is a combination of regulations and rules for shipping andradio communication.

2.1.1 Safety Of Life At Sea SOLAS

The SOLAS Convention is concerning the safety of merchant ships.It was adopted in 1920, in response to the Titanic disaster 1914. In1988 Chapter IV radiocommunication of the Safety Of Life At SeaSOLAS convention incorporates GMDSS. SOLAS was adopted 1960by the International Maritime Organisation IMO. www.imo.org

The IMO is a specialized agency of the United Nations UN and basedin London. www.un.org

2.1.2 Radio Regulations RR

The Radio Regulations RR mainly setting out frequency bands andtechnical parameters. Radio Regulations incorporating decisions ofthe World Radiocommunication Conferences WRC by the Interna-tional Telecommunication Organisation ITU. www.itu.int

ITU is a specialized agency of the United Nations UN and based inGeneva. www.un.org

13


http://www.imo.org

http://www.un.org

http://www.itu.int

http://www.un.org


2.2 Sea areas A1-A4

fig. 4: UK GMDSS sea areas

2.2.1 A1 - Very High Frequency VHF

An area within radiotelephone coverage of at least one VHF coaststation in which continous DSC alerting is available, as may by definedby a contracting government. ∼30nm from coast

2.2.2 A2 - Medium Frequency MF

An area within radiotelephone coverage of at least one MF coaststation in which continous DSC alerting is available, as may by definedby a contracting government (excluding A1). ∼150nm from coast

2.2.3 A3 - International Maritime Satellite INMARSAT

An area within the coverage of all INMARSAT geostationary satellites,in which continous distress alerting is available (excluding A1 and A2).

∼70◦S-70◦N

2.2.4 A4 - polar regions

The remaining sea area outside A1, A2 and A3.

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2.3 Shorebased system

2.3.1 Master Plan

The Master Plan contains status of shore-based facilies for the GMDSS.

Resue Co-ordination Centres RCCCoast Stations CSSatellite services

GMDSS Master Plan www.imo.org

ALRS Volume 5 GMDSS www.ukho.gov.uk

2.3.2 Search And Rescue SAR

The Search And Rescue Convention SAR from IMO aimed an inter-national SAR plan, so that, no matter where an accident occurs, therescue of persons in distress at sea will be co-ordinated by a SARorganization. www.imo.org

National SAR organisations:

• Germany:Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung Schiffbruchiger DGzRS

www.dgzrs.de

Bremen Rescue www.mrcc-bremen.de

• Switzerland:Swiss Maritime Navigation Office, RCC ZurichSwiss Air Rescue www.rega.ch

• United Kingdom:Her Majesty Coastguard HMCG www.mcga.gov.uk

15


http://www.imo.org

http://www.ukho.gov.uk

http://www.imo.org

http://www.dgzrs.de

http://www.mrcc-bremen.de

http://www.rega.ch



2.4 Shipbord system

2.4.1 Radio equipment for SOLAS vessels

SOLAS vessels on international voyages are compulsory fitted.Mandatory equipment is defined by navigation area.

It must be approved by IMO and carry a wheelmark symbol.

area certificate equipment

A1 ROC/GOC VHF RT DSCVHF DSC watch receiverVHF handheld deviceNAVTEX receiverEPIRB float freeSART

A2 GOC MF RT DSCMF DSC watch receiver

A3 GOC either INMARSAT MES + EGC receiveror MF/HF RT DSC + watch receiver

A4 GOC MF/HF RT DSCMF/HF DSC + watch receiverMF/HF telex

On compulsory fitted vessels the availability of equipment must beguaranted. This can be done by 3 different methods listed. Shipssailing in Sea Area A1 or A2 can choose one of these 3 methods,while sailing in A3 or A4 they have to choose 2 of these 3 methods.

1. DOE Duplication Of Equipment

• A1 and A2: VHF RT DSC

• A3 and A4: MF/HF RT DSC or INMARSAT MES

2. SBM Shore Based Maintenance (contract, arrangment)

3. ASM At Sea Maintenance (qualified personal)

16



2.4.2 Radio equipment for non-SOLAS vessels

Ships not sailing under provisions of SOLAS are voluntary GMDSSfitted and called non-SOLAS vessels. GMDSS equipment may rec-ommended by natinonal organisation or required by national law.

It must comply with the regulations of the European Union EU andcarry a Conform European CE Symbol. eur-lex.europa.eu

Austria: by law (JachtZulVO) www.ris.bka.gv.at


all radio receiverinshore >3nm SRC VHF RTocean >200nm EPIRB

Germany: recommended (Sicherheitsrichtlinien) www.dsv.de


all radio or NAVTEX receiverinshore SRC VHF RTocean EPIRB

Switzerland: recommended www.eda.admin.ch


all SSB radio receiverocean EPIRB

United Kingdom: recommended www.mcga.gov.uk


all SRC VHF handheldinshore >3nm SRC VHF RT DSCoffshore >20nm NAVTEX receiveroffshore >60nm EPIRB, SARToffshore >60nm LRC MF RT DSCocean >150nm LRC INMARSAT

17


http://eur-lex.europa.eu


http://www.dsv.de

http://www.eda.admin.ch



2.4.3 Radio equipment tests

Required by SOLAS vessels, recommended by non-SOLAS vessels.

Daily

DSC internal (self test)batteries (damage, voltage test, load test, charge)printer (function, paper)

Weekly

VHF handheld (batteries, damages, RX, TX)MF/HF DSC test call (to coast station) LRC/GOCgenerator (function)

Monthly

EPIRB internal (batteries, damages, selftest)SART (batteries, damages, selftest)antenna (damages, cleaning, insulators)

Yearly

EPIRB transmission test (company ashore)

2.4.4 Radio watch

Continuous digital radio watchkeeping is required by SOLAS vesselsand recommended by non-SOLAS vessels while at sea.

MF NAVTEX receiver on 518kHzVHF DSC watch receiver on ch70MF/HF DSC scan watch receiver LRC/GOCINMARSAT SafetyNET EGC receiver LRC/GOC

Every ship, while at sea, shall continue to maintain, when practicable,countinuous watch.

VHF RT listening on ch16VHF RT listening on ch13 SOLAS vessels

18



2.4.5 Ship radio licence

Ship radio stations have to be licensed and are costumable. Licenseis issued by the authority of state and must be carried on board.

Ships name and registration numberRadio Telephone RT identification: callsignDigital Selective Calling DSC identification: MMSIINMARSAT identification: IMN LRC/GOCTelex identification: selcal GOCAccounting Authority: AAICList of radio equipment (manufacturer & type)

National radio licensing administrations:

• Austria: by law (TKG, TKGV) www.ris.bka.gv.at

Fernmeldebehorde I. Instanz FMB www.bmvit.gv.at

Licencing fee 49,05 EUR, using fee 10,90 EUR/monthvalidation: 10 years

• Germany:Bundesnetzagentur BNetzA www.bundesnetzagentur.de

Licencing fee 130,- EUR, using fee 21,10 EUR/yearvalidation: life of vessel

• Switzerland:Bundesamt fur Kommunikation www.bakom.ch

Licencing fee 50,- SFR, using fee 10,- SFR/monthvalidation: 1 year

• United Kingdom:Office for Comminication www.ofcom.org.uk

Licencing fee 20,- GBP, using fee 20,- GBP/yearvalidation: life of vessel

19




http://www.bundesnetzagentur.de

http://www.bakom.ch

http://www.ofcom.org.uk


2.4.6 Radio log book

For SOLAS vessels a GMDSS radio log book with the following min-imum entries is required:

Summary of distress/urgency/safety trafficImportant incidents connected to the radio serviceAppropriate ships position every dayMaster must sign every dayEquipment tests

National radio log book forms:

• Austria: Seeschifffahrtsverordnung www.ris.bka.gv.at

• United Kingdom: Martime Safety Agency www.mcga.gov.uk

date/time station station communications frequencyUTC to from summary, tests, remarks channel, satellite

2.4.7 Documents

The following documents must be carried on bord:

Ships radio licenceRadio operator certificates

compulsory fitted SOLAS vessels in addition:

Radio log bookITU List of Coast Stations or ALRS Volume 1ITU List of Ship StationsITU List of Callsigns and Numerical IdentitiesITU Manual for use by Maritime Mobile Services

ALRS www.ukho.gov.uk

ITU www.itu.int

20





http://www.itu.int


2.4.8 Radio secrecy

No person shall divulge or publish the contents of any messages trans-mitted or received by such station, or to another station employed toforward such message to its destination, unless legally required so todo by the court of competent jurisdiction or other competent author-ity. Radio operators have to declare this.

2.4.9 Accounting Authority Identification Code AAIC

Accounting authorities are used to facilitate the effective collectionand distribution of radiocommunication charges between ship andcoast stations and the Public Switched Telephone Network PSTNand Packet Switched Data Network PSDN.

Ship stations need a contract with AAIC for public correspondations.

AAIC: 2 letters (country) + 2 numbers (company):

Examples:AU01 Telekom Austria AG www.telekom.at

DP07 Seefunk www.dp07.de

GB11 NSSL Limited www.satcom-solutions.com

Maritime Mobile Access and Retrieval System MARS www.itu.int

21


http://www.telekom.at

http://www.dp07.de

http://www.satcom-solutions.com

http://www.itu.int


3 VHF Maritime Mobile Radio

3.1 VHF Radio Telephone RT

fig. 5: Simrad RD68

For calling each station needs a name, nor-mally it would be the ships name. As theships name is not unique a radio call signis allocated.

Transceiver is a combination of transmitter and receiver.

3.1.1 Receiver RX

• Power on/off: switch or combined with volume control

• Volume control VC: loudspeaker

• Squelch SQ: noise limiter, receive signal limiter

• Dimmer: display brightness

• Channel: select TX/RX frequency

– Distress channel 16: select distress channel and 25W TX

– Working channel: 01-28, 60-88, national channels

– Dual Watch DW: alternating present channel and ch16

3.1.2 Transmitter TX

• Transmission Power

– Low / 1W: range about 4nm

– High / 25W: range up to 100nm

• Push To Talk PTT: activate transmitter

3.1.3 VHF handheld device

Used on board, tender, survival craft, towing, mooring, ...

22



3.2 VHF Digital Selective Calling DSC

3.2.1 Maritime Mobile Service Identification MMSI

For selective calling each station needs a unique 9-digit MMSI,including the 3-digit country code MID.

ship station MMSI = MIDxxxxxxgroup of stations MMSI = 0MIDxxxxxcoast station MMSI = 00MIDxxxx

3.2.2 Type of calls

Primary type of calls to one, some or all stations in radio range:

• distress

– alert (acknowledge) all stations

– relay all (acknowledge) all stations

– relay individual (acknowledge) coast MMSI

• urgency & safety

– all ships all stations

– individual (acknowledge) ship or coast MMSI

• routine

– group group MMSI


3.2.3 VHF DSC controller

class A all facilities for compulsory fitted SOLAS vesselsclass B full requirements for compulsory fitted SOLAS vesselsclass D minimum facilities for voluntary fitted non-SOLAS vesselsWatch receiver continuous digital watch on VHF DSC ch70

23



3.3 VHF Maritime Mobile Band

3.3.1 VHF wave propagation

Electromagnetic waves in the maritime VHF Band 156-174MHz arepropagating in the line of sight. These are called space waves. Dueto the earth’s curvature the range will depend on the height of thetransmitting an receiving antenna. d[nm] ≈ 2

√h[m]

radio contact antenna height appr. distance

2 handheld 1m/1m 4nm2 motor yachts 4m/4m 8nm2 sailing yachts 16m/16m 16nmmotor yacht - coast 4m/100m 24nmsailing yacht - coast 16m/100m 28nm

3.3.2 VHF antenna

Vessels are using VHF omni-directional rod antennas.Frequency band (∼150MHz) is selected by antenna length (∼1m).

3.3.3 Simplex ship-ship and ship-shore

A single frequency is used for TX and RX. While pushing the transmitbutton PTT the radio changes from receive RX to transmit TX.

3.3.4 Duplex and semiduplex ship-shore

Two separate frequencies for TX and RX are used for duplex operationfor simultaneously receiving and transmission.Semiduplex: alternating RX and TX on Duplex channels.

3.3.5 VHF class of emission

Modulation is superimposing low Audio Frequency AF (voice) ontoa High Frequency HF carrier. PM Phase Modulation is used in VHFmaritime radio (G3E used for RT and G2B for DSC).

24



3.3.6 International VHF channels 01-28

ch Ship TX Ship RX Sim primary usage[MHz] [MHz] Dup

01 156,050 160,650 D02 156,100 160,700 D03 156,150 160,750 D04 156,200 160,800 D05 156,250 160,850 D06 156,300 156,300 S SAR, intership07 156,350 160,950 D08 156,400 156,400 S intership09 156,450 156,450 S10 156,500 156,500 S11 156,550 156,550 S12 156,600 156,600 S13 156,650 156,650 S intership for safety of navigation14 156,700 156,700 S15 156,750 156,750 S on board

16 156,800 156,800 S distress, urgency, safety, calling

17 156,850 156,850 S on board18 156,900 161,500 D19 156,950 161,550 D20 157,000 161,600 D21 157,050 161,650 D22 157,100 161,700 D23 157,150 161,750 D24 157,200 161,800 D25 157,250 161,850 D26 157,300 161,900 D27 157,350 161,950 D28 157,400 162,000 D

25



3.3.7 International VHF channels 60-88

ch Ship TX Ship RX Sim primary usage[MHz] [MHz] Dup

60 156,025 160,625 D61 156,075 160,675 D62 156,125 160,725 D63 156,175 160,775 D64 156,225 160,825 D65 156,275 160,875 D66 156,325 160,925 D67 156,375 156,375 S68 156,425 156,425 S69 156,475 156,475 S

70 156,525 156,525 S DSC

71 156,575 156,575 S72 156,625 156,625 S intership73 156,675 156,675 S74 156,725 156,725 S75 156,775 156,775 S 1W, safety of navigation76 156,825 156,825 S 1W, safety of navigation77 156,875 156,875 S intership78 156,925 161,525 D79 156,975 161,575 D80 157,025 161,625 D81 157,075 161,675 D82 157,125 161,725 D83 157,175 161,775 D84 157,225 161,825 D85 157,275 161,875 D86 157,325 161,925 D87 157,375 157,375 S88 157,425 157,425 S

26



3.3.8 International VHF channel usage

DSC alerting / calling (distress, urgency, safety and routine) ch 70

RT distress, urgency, safety, calling ch 16RT Search And Rescue ch 06RT on board (bridge to handheld, tender, tow, ...) ch 15, 17RT primary intership working ch 06, 08, 72, 77RT secondary intership working ch 09, 10, 15, 17, 67, 69, 73

RT intership for safety of navigation ch 13

Communications between ships whose purpose contributesto the safe of movement of ships. Bridge-to-bridge com-munication on ch13 is used without preceding a DSC call.

AIS Automatic Identification System ch AIS1/2

Ships information as position, course, speed, MMSI, ...is transmitted periodically for safety of navigation.

3.3.9 National private VHF channel usage

nation ch usage

Belgium 96 MarinaCroatia 17 MarinaGermany 69, 72 pleasure craftsNetherlands 31 MarinaScandinavia F1, F2, F3 fishing vessels

L1, L2, L3 pleasure craftsUnited Kingdom M, M2 club safety, race control

67 Her Majesty Coast Guardfor small craft safety

80 Marina

27



3.4 RT communication

3.4.1 Phonetic Alphabet

A Alpha AL FAH

B Bravo BRAH VOH

C Charlie CHAR LEE

D Delta DELL TAH

E Echo ECK OH

F Foxtrot FOKS TROT

G Golf GOLF

H Hotel HOH TELL

I India IN DEE AH

J Juliett JEW LEE ETT

K Kilo KEY LOH

L Lima LEE MAH

M Mike MIKE

N November NO VEM BER

O Oscar OSS CAH

P Papa PAH PAH

Q Quebec KEH BECK

R Romeo ROW ME OH

S Sierra SEE AIR RAH

T Tango TANG GO

U Uniform YOU NEE FORM

V Victor VIK TAH

W Whiskey WISS KEY

X X-ray ECKS RAY

Y Yankee YANG KEY

Z Zulu ZOO LOO

Decimal point Decimal DAY-SEE-MAL

Full stop Stop STOP

28



3.4.2 Standard Marine Communication Phrases SMCP

CORRECT an error has been madeIN FIGURES numbers are written in figuresIN LETTERS numbers are written in lettersSPELL spelling the next word phoneticallyMAYDAY RT distress signal (french: m’aider)OUT termination of working, no reply expectedOVER expect replyRADIO CHECK reuqest strenght an clarity of transmissionREAD BACK receiving station read back informationRECEIVED acknowledge receipt of transmissionPAN PAN RT urgency signal (french: panne)SAY AGAIN repeat part or all of message

ALL AFTER, ALL BEFOREWORD AFTER, WORD BEFORE

SECURITE RT safety signal (french: securite)SILENCE MAYDAY french: SEELONCE MAYDAYSILENCE FINI french: SEELONCE FEENEESTATION CALLING unsure of the identity of calling stationTRAFFIC radio trafficTHIS IS identification of station calling follows

IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases www.imo.org

BSH IMO-Standard Marine Communication Phrases www.bsh.de

Captain Gunter Schmidt www.maricom.de

29


http://www.imo.org

http://www.bsh.de

http://www.maricom.de


3.4.3 Maritime radio stations

ALRS Volume 1 Coast Stations www.ukho.gov.uk

ALRS Volume 6 Pilot, Vessel Traffic Service, Port OperationsITU List of Coast Stations www.itu.int

ITU List of Ship StationsITU List of Call Signs and Numerical IdentitiesITU Maritime Mobile Access and Retrieval System MARS

Coast Station CS example

Name: place of station + RADIO SPLIT RADIOCall Sign: 3 characters 9ASMMSI: 00 + MID + 4 digits 002380100

Pilot Services, Vessel Traffic Services VTS and Port Operations

place + functionPort PULA PORTBridge MALI LOSINJ BRIDGEPilot KOPER PILOTMarina OBAN MARINARadar MILFORD RADARLock KILRUSH LOCKTraffic control TARIFA TRAFFIC

Ship Station SS

Name: name of vessel MOUSECall Sign: 4 or more characters OEDFMMSI: MID + 6 digits 203984534

Survival Craft

Name of parent vessel + 2 digits (20-99) MOUSE 20Call Sign of parent vessel + 2 digits (20-99) OEDF 20

On board

Master (fixed): + CONTROL MOUSE CONTROLSub (handheld): + 1 character MOUSE A

30



http://www.itu.int


3.5 Distress - MAYDAY

Grave and imminent danger to ship or crew, immediate assistancerequired. Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

3.5.1 DSC distress alert on VHF ch70

Alert includes ships MMSI, position, nature and working ch16

Undefined distress alert push DISTRESS button >5sDefined distress alert enter menu

a) check position (interconnected GPS or manual entry)b) select nature of distress from list: undefined/undesignated,

fire/explosion, flooding, collision, grounding,listing/capsizing, sinking, disabled/adrift, abandon,piracy/armed robbery, man/person over board

c) push DISTRESS button >5s

Received by DSC ship and coast stations in radio range ≈30nmAwait DSC distress acknowledge from CS/RCC <3minIf not, automatic reptition of DSC distress alert ≈4min

3.5.2 RT distress call and message on VHF ch16

call: 3xMAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAYthis is this is

3xname+callsign+MMSI SILVI SILVI SILVI OEX6437 203783420

message: MAYDAY MAYDAYname+callsign+MMSI SILVI OEX6437 203783420

position position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wnature of distress abandon ship to liferaftkind of assistance immediate assistance required

additional information 4 adults with life jacketsOVER OVER

Await RT distress acknowledge from CS/RCC.If not, repeat RT distress call and RT distress message. >5min

31



3.6 Distress relay - MAYDAY RELAY

There is a distress situation if you observe orange smoke, red parachuteflares, raising an lowering arms, flying a ball over/under square shape.Or if you receive DSC distress alert, RT MAYDAY, SART, EPIRB.

• Set continuous watch on VHF ch16

• Await acknowledge or response from CS/RCCcall: MAYDAY MAYDAY

3x station called SILVI SILVI SILVIthis is this is

3x calling station 3x RIJEKA RADIO

message: RECEIVED MAYDAY RECEIVED MAYDAY

• If no CS/RCC involved relay ashore by any means

3.6.1 DSC distress relay call on VHF ch70

a) select individual call priority distress relay (only some DSC)b) enter or select MMSI of CS/RCCc) select working channel 16d) enter distressed MMSI, POS, nature (only some DSC)e) push appropriate button to transmit

Await DSC distress relay acknowledge from CS/RCCIf not, repeat after 5min, third transmission after another 15min.

3.6.2 RT distress relay call and message on VHF ch16

call: MAYDAY RELAY MAYDAY RELAYstation called RIJEKA RADIO

this is this iscalling station SEAGULL DG9156 211645735

message: received / observed

32



3.6.3 RT distress relay acknowlege message

If you receive the following from CS/RCC:

• NAVTEX distress relay message

• DSC distress relay call/alert

• RT distress relay call and message

call: 3x MAYDAY RELAY 3x MAYDAY RELAYthis is this is

3x calling station 3x RIJEKA RADIO

message: MAYDAY MAYDAYship in distress Silvi OEX6437 203783420

position position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wnature of distress abandon ship to liferaftkind of assistance immediate assistance required

additional information 4 adults with life jacketsOVER OVER

Take the following actions, if you are able to assist:

• Set continuous watch on VHF ch16 >5min

• Transmit RT distress acknowledge to CS/RCC

call: MAYDAY MAYDAY3x station called 3x RIJEKA RADIO

this is this is3x calling station Seagull Seagull Seagull

message:RECEIVED MAYDAY RELAY RECEIVED MAYDAY RELAY

position position 43◦49.9’N 013◦27.1’Wdistance to the incidant 15nm from incident

maximum speed speed 10knEstimated Time of Arrival ETA 1.5h

OVER OVER

33



3.7 Distress cancellation

Distress has to be canceled after transmission of a false distress alertor distress situation no longer required.

3.7.1 DSC distress cancellation on VHF ch70

a) push CANCEL button to stop transmissionb) select distress cancellation call (only some DSC)

self acknowledgec) push appropriate button to transmit

3.7.2 RT distress cancellation on VHF ch16

Follow up with RT distress cancellation call and message:

call: 3xall stations all stations all stations all stationsthis is this is


message: position position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wcancel my distress alert please cancel my distress alert

of date and time of 0837 UTC todayOVER OVER

34



3.8 Distress silence

Whilst a distress situation is in force,radio silence is required on distress channel used.No radio traffic allowed, except distress.

3.8.1 Radio silence

Controlling stations may impose silenceon stations which interfere with distress or SAR traffic.

to all:

all stations all stationsSILENCE MAYDAY SEELONCE MAYDAY

to one:

name MOUSESILENCE MAYDAY SEELONCE MAYDAY

3.8.2 Normal working

When distress traffic has ceased,the control station indicates that normal working can be resumed.

MAYDAY MAYDAY3xall stations all stations all stations all stations

this is this is3xname 3x RIJEKA RADIO

time of handling in 1541 UTCname callsign MMSI SILVI OEX6437 203783420

SILENCE FINI SEELONCE FEENEE

35



3.9 Urgency - PAN PAN

A very urgent message concerning the safety of a ship or a person.

• Medical assistance, advice www.medico-cuxhaven.de

Radio Medical Advice RMATele Medical Advice System TMAS

• Maritime assistance (tug, towing, ...)

• Search And Rescue SAR information

Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

3.9.1 DSC urgency call on VHF ch70

Call includes ships MMSI, stations called, working channela) select urgency callb) select all stations, group or individual (only some DSC)c) on individual or group call enter or select MMSId) select working channel 16 (only some DSC)e) push appropriate button to transmit

On individual call await DSC urgency acknowledge

If not, repeat after 5min, third transmission after another 15min.

3.9.2 RT urgency call and message on VHF ch16

call: 3x PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN3x station called all stations all stations all stations

this is this is3x calling station SILVI SILVI SILVI OEX6437 203783420

message: position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wgrounded in heavy swell.require urgent tug assistance.

OVER OVER

36


http://www.medico-cuxhaven.de


3.10 Safety - SECURITE

A very important information to shipping.

• navigational warning

• meteorological warning

Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

3.10.1 DSC safety call on VHF ch70

Call includes ships MMSI, stations called, working channela) select safety callb) select all stations, group or individual (only some DSC)c) on individual or group call enter or select MMSId) select working channele) push appropriate button to transmit


If not, repeat after 5min, third transmission after another 15min.

3.10.2 RT safety call and message on working channel

call: 3x SECURITE 3x SAYCURETAY3x station called all stations all stations all stations

this is this is3x calling station SILVI SILVI SILVI OEX6437 203783420

message: position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wnearly submerged container obeserved.danger to navigation.

OVER or OUT OUT

37



3.11 Routine

Routine traffic between ship stations and ship stations or coast sta-tions containing nautical information is free of charge.

Routine traffic between ship stations and coast stations containingprivate information is charged via AAIC.

Traffic is controlled by coast station or station called.

Routine traffic on VHF working channel only.

3.11.1 DSC routine call on VHF ch70

a) select routine callb) select group or individualc) enter or select MMSId) select working channele) enter aditional information (only some DSC)f) push appropriate button to transmit


Repetition after 5min, the third transmission after another 15min.

38



3.11.2 RT routine call on VHF ch16

3x station called SEAGULL SEAGULL SEAGULLthis is this is

3x station calling SILVI SILVI SILVIOVER OVER

Maximum length allowed 1min, in total 3 calls within 3min delay.

Reply on VHF ch16:

station called SILVIthis is this is

calling station SEAGULLworking channel switch to ch72

3.11.3 RT routine call on working channel

station called SEAGULLthis is this is

calling station SILVIOVER OVER

3.11.4 RT routine message on working channel

station called SEAGULLthis is this is

calling station SILVImessage sailing to Pula Marina

OVER OVER

39



4 Search And Rescue SatelliteCOSPAS/SARSAT

COSPAS/SARSAT was founded in 1979 by Russia, USA, Canadiaand France. It is used for worldwide locating persons or mobile unitsin distress in GMDSS since 1988. www.cospas-sarsat.org

3 geostationary satellites GEOSAR in 36000km.4 polar orbiting satellites LEOSAR in 850km.

Maritime use Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon EPIRBAeronautical use Emergency Locater Transmitter ELTPersonal use Personal Locater Beacon PLB

4.1 EPIRB distress alert on 406MHz

Grave and imminent danger to ship or crew, immediate assistance re-quired. Only activated by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

fig. 6:EPIRB

EPIRB distress alert includes ships MMSI and positionfrom integrated GPS. It is transmitted on 406MHz pass-ing satellites to a Local User Terminal LUT on land. Thenrouted via Mission Control Centre MCC to the responsibleMaritime Rescue Coordination Centre MRCC.

An EPIRB can be activated manually or by hydrostatic release. Onceactivated it transmits a periodic distress alert for more then 48h.Some devices using homing transmitter on 121,5MHz for Radio Di-rection Finding RDF by SAR forces in addition.

4.2 EPIRB distress cancellation

Do not switch off after a false alert!Contact RCC by any means and switch off by instruction.

40


http://www.cospas-sarsat.org


5 Search And Rescue Transponder SART

Grave and imminent danger to ship or crew, immediate assistance re-quired. Only activated by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

SARTs are used to locate distress position by SAR forces.They are manually activated. The range is about 10nm.

Transponder is the short form of transmit and respond.

5.1 Radar SART

fig. 7:SART

On reception of a 9GHz radar pulse a Radar SART transmits12 radar pulses. That means a distress signal on the radarscreen.

5.2 AIS SART

Once acticated it transmits periodic distress alert on VHF AutomaticIdentification System AIS channels.

AIS SARTs are transmitting MMSI and Position from integrated GPS.

That means a distress signal on the AIS or Electronic Chart DisplayInformation System ECDIS screen.

41



6 Maritime Safety Information MSI

Important information concerning the safety of persons or vessels.

1 Navigational Warning NX2 Meteorological Information WX3 Search And Rescue information SAR4 Urgent or safety related information

Scheduled MSI broadcasts from coast stations are free of charge.

aera service

A1, A2 NAVTEXA3 INMARSAT EGC SafetyNETA3, A4 HF NAVTEX / telex

GMDSS Master Plan www.imo.org

ALRS Volume 3 MSI ServicesALRS Volume 5 GMDSS www.ukho.gov.uk

BSH Handbuch Nautischer FunkdienstBSH Yachtfunkdienst MittelmeerBSH Yachtfunkdienst Nord- und Ostsee www.bsh.de

Sailing directionsNautical Alamancs

DX Information Centre www.dxinfocentre.com

Frisnit www.frisnit.com

Uceanography & Marine Meteorology weather.gmdss.org

42


http://www.imo.org


http://www.bsh.de

http://www.dxinfocentre.com

http://www.frisnit.com

http://weather.gmdss.org


6.1 NAVAREA

NAVAREAs are geographical sea areas estabilshed for co-ordinatingthe broadcast of MSI www.imo.org

fig. 8: NAVAREAs

Sub-Area means a sub-division of a NAVAREA in which a number ofcountries have established a coordinated MSI system.

fig. 9: Sub-NAVAREAs in Mediterranian Sea

43


http://www.imo.org


6.2 NAVTEX MSI service

NAVTEX means navigational text, no fax or pictures are transmitted.

Transmission time every 4 hours for <10min.Urgent messages are transmitted immediately.

Range up to 200nm by day and up to 400nm by night.

6.2.1 NAVTEX frequencies

1 MF 518kHz international english2 MF 490kHz national language (for non-SOLAS vessels)

3 HF some national MSI-HF service on4209.5, 4210, 6314, 8416.5, 1257916806.5, 19680.5, 22376, 26100.5kHz

6.2.2 NAVTEX coast stations

Each coast station is assigned a transmitter identification letter.

Example 518kHz NAVTEX stations in UK:

country place range letter

England Niton 270M EEngland Cullercoats 270M GBelgium Oostende 150M MScotland Portpatrick 270M ONorthern Ireland Malin Head 400M QIreland Valencia 400M W

44



6.2.3 NAVTEX message

Each message is assigned a category letter:

A navigational warningB meteorological warningC ice reportD SAR Information, pirate attack warningE meteorological forecastF pilot serviceG Automatic Identification System AISH LORAN messageJ GPS messageK other electronic navaid messageL navigational warning in addition to AZ no message on hand

Letter A, B and D cannot be rejected by SOLAS receivers.

Each message is allocated a serial number between 01 and 99.Very urgent messages assigned with 00 cause an receiver alert.

Example:ZCZC start of messageQE55 55th weather report from Split Radio (NAVAREA III)051840 UTC JAN DTG - january 05th at 1840 UTCSPLIT RADIO / 9AS coast station Split Radio, callsign 9ASWEATHER REPORT FOR ADRIATIC AT 1800 UTC.WARNING: ISOLATED GUSTY OF NE, S-ADRIATIC, 30/40 KTS.STATE OF SEA, OFFSHORE SOUTHERN ADRIATIC, ROUGH.SYNOPSIS: RIDGE OF HIGH APPROACHING TO ADRIATIC.OUTLOOK 24HRS: NE 10/20, S-ADRIATIC, NW 15/25 KTS.SEA SMOOTH/SLIGHT, OFFSHORE SLIGHT/MOD.VISIBILIY GOOD/EXELLENT, MOSTLY FINE, TEMPS FALLING.NNNN end of message

45



7 Power supply

Radio equipment needs electrical power. Normaly this would be Di-rect Current DC with nominal suply voltage of 12VDC on small craftsand 24VDCon other vessels.

7.1 Direct Current 12V/24VDC

• Alternator on main engine

• Batterie charging unit

• Batteries

Lead aicid batteries:

• no load 12.2/24.4VDC

• charging ≤14.4/28.8VDC if higher explosive gas!

– acid density 1280kg/m3 charged

• discharging ≥10.8/21.6VDC if lower damage caused!

– acid density 1180kg/m3 discharged

7.2 Alternating Current 230VAC

• Shorepower

• Generator

• Inverter

46



Part II

General Certificate

8 Maritime Radio Operator

8.1 General Operator Certificate GOC

Required for commercial use onpassenger ships, cargo vessels >300GRT and some vessels over 24m.

fig. 10: GOC

This certificate authorises the holder to use a RadioTelephone RT on all maritime mobile bands includ-ing Digital Selective Calling DSC an maritime mobilesatellite communications on a compulsory GMDSSfitted SOLAS vessels.

At least one holder of a certificate of competence for maritime ra-dio stations on board compulsory fitted SOLAS vessels is required,normally by the shipmaster himself and all marine officers.

8.2 Long Range Certificate LRC

Required for pleasure or fishing use on small crafts.

fig. 11: LRC

This certificate authorises the holder to use a RadioTelephone RT on all maritime mobile bands includ-ing Digital Selective Calling DSC and maritime mobilesatellite communications on board voluntary GMDSSfitted non-SOLAS vessels.

At least one holder of a certificate of competence for maritime radiostations is required, normally by the shipmaster himself.

47



8.3 Syllabus for LRC and GOC

CEPT examination syllabus for maritime radio operators for usingGMDSS voluntary (LRC) and compulsory (GOC). www.cept.dk

www.ero.dk

1. Maritime Mobile Radio Telephone RT communications

(a) General principles and basic features

2. Detailed working knowledge of radio equipment

(a) VHF, MF/HF radio installation

(b) Purpose and use of Digital Selective Calling DSC

(c) Narrow Band Direct Printing NBDP, telex GOC

3. Operational procedures of the GMDSS

(a) Search and Rescue SAR Procedures

(b) Distress, urgency and safety communication

(c) Communication with non-SOLAS ships GOC

(d) Protection of distress frequencies

(e) Maritime Safety Information MSI

(f) Alerting and Locating Signals

4. Operational procedures and regulations

(a) English language written and spoken GOC

(b) Ability to exchange communications relevant to SOLAS

(c) Regulations, obligatory procedures and practices

(d) Practical and theoretical knowledge of RT procedures

5. Maritime Mobile Satellite Service

(a) INMARSAT System

(b) INMARSAT C operation, Enhanced Group Call EGC

(c) INMARSAT B/M, Flett 77 operation GOC

48


http://www.cept.dk

http://www.ero.dk


8.4 Radio operator certificate

Every ship radio station must be controlled by an operator holding acertificate issued or recognised by the government to which the sta-tion is subject.

The operator must hold an authority to operate by the shipmaster.

National radio operator licensing administrations:

• Austria: by law (FZG, FZV, FZGV) www.ris.bka.gv.at

LRC = Allgemeines Betriebszeugnis II UBZ IIGOC = Allgemeines Betriebszeugnis I UBZ IRadiotelephone Operator for Inland Waterways included.Fernmeldebehorde FMB www.bmvit.gv.at

• GermanyLRC = Allgemein gultiges FunkbetriebszeugnisDeutscher Segler-Verband DSV www.dsv.org

Deutscher Motoryachtverband DMYV www.dmyv.de

GOC= Allgemein gultiges Betriebszeugnis fur Funker ABZBundesamt fur Seeschifffahrt und Hydrografie www.bsh.de

• SwitzerlandLRC =Allgemein gultiges Betriebszeugnis fur die SportschiffahrtRadiotelephone Operator for Inland Waterways included.Maritime Mobile Satellit Service for INMARSAT C included.Schweizer Bundesamt fur Kommunikation www.bakom.ch

• United KingdomLRC = Long Range CertificateGOC = General Operator CertificateAssociation of Marine Electronics and Radio Colleges

www.amerc.ac.uk

49




http://www.dsv.org

http://www.dmyv.de

http://www.bsh.de

http://www.bakom.ch

http://www.amerc.ac.uk


9 MF/HF Maritime Mobile Radio

9.1 MF/HF propagation

Ground wave

This type of waves travels along the surface of the ground.Propagation is influenced by the frequency and the con-ductivity of the earth. At MF the ground wave has arange of 150-250nm during daylight. At HF the absorb-tion of the ground increases and the range can be lessthan 5 miles.

Sky wave

The sky wave has the ability to bend or reflect in theupper atmosphere (labled F1 and F2) so that it returnsto the earth. With more than one skips you can reachstations around the world. Skip distance increases withthe frequency. Lower bands 4/8MHz have to be sent inthe morning and at night. During sunlight at mid after-noon use higher bands 16/22MHz. And in the evening8/12MHz. So MF sky wave can reach more than 400nmduring night.

Dead zone

No signals are heard between the end of the ground waveand the skip of the sky wave and so it is called the deadzone.

Fading

If more then one reflection is received the receiver willcombine the signals. Combining these two signals meansthe strength of the signal can vary greatly. Variationsfrom zero to maximum are possible, called fading.

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9.2 MF/HF classes of emission

modulation signal information

A AM 1 digital B teleprinting

H SSB carrier 2 digital subcarrier C fax

J SSB no carrier 3 analog D telecommand

F FM E telephony

G PM

A3E Double Side Band DSB LF/MF/HF broadcast

The Radio Frequency RF carrier and 3kHz bandwidth ofthe Audio Frequency AF are fed into the amplitude mod-ulator AM. On the output is a Double Side Band DSB sig-nal with 6kHz bandwidth, named A3E. Those two bandscall Lower Side Band LSB and Upper Side Band USB.

H3E Single Side Band SSB with carrier former MF RT 2182kHz

An LSB filter makes the Upper Side Band USB, a SingleSide Band SSB with carrier H3E, from Double Side BandA3E. You spare 25% of power.

J3E Single Side Band SSB no carrier MF/HF RT

A carrier filter produces the SSB without carrier J3E. Youspare 50% of power. On receiving J3E signals you mustreinsert a carrier to demodulate information. TX and RXfrequency are not really the same, so you need to adjustRX frequency with fine tune or clarifier.

F1B Frequency Shift Keying FSK MF/HF DSC

FSK means the transmission of two different frequenciesfor two states of binary digits 0 and 1.

J2B Single Side Band SSB with subcarrier MF/HF DSC

Bit 0/1 are converted into two different audio tone signalsand sent in J3E

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9.3 MF/HF Radio Telephone RT

Based on the same technology a single MF/HF radio device is usedfor MF and HF communication.

fig. 12: ICOM M710 GMDSS

9.3.1 Receiver RX

• RX/TX paired frequencies

– Select ITU channel: associated RX/TX frequency table

– Input RX and TX frequency

– 2182 direct tune to MF 2182kHz, J3E, high power

• Class of emission mode

• RF Radio Frequency gain signal sensitivity

• AGC Automatic Gain Control reduce fading

• AF Audio Frequency gain volume of loudspeaker

• Fine tune / clarifiy shift RX carrier frequency ±150Hz

9.3.2 Transmitter TX

• Push To Talk PTT activate transmitter

• Tune matches the length of the antenna

• Power MF 60-400W, HF 60-1500W

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9.4 Radio bands

band definition wave maritime useage

LF 30-300kHz 10-1kmMF 300-3000kHz 1000-100m NAVTEX 490kHz, 518kHz

MF RT+DSC 1605-3800kHzHF 3-30MHz 100-10m HF RT+DSC 3.8-26MHzVHF 30-300MHz 10-1m VHF RT+DSC 156-162MHzUHF 300-3000MHz 10-1dm COSPAS/SARSAT 406MHz

INMARSAT 1.5/1.6GHzGPS 1.5GHz

SHF 3-30GHz 10-1cm RADAR 3GHz & 9 GHzSART 9GHz

9.5 MF/HF Antenna

• Wire: Yachts are using the aft stay, lager vessels a wire betweentwo masts bow and stern. The wire, more then 7m, has to beinsulated from superstructure.

• Whip: Yachts are using pushpit or flybridge mounting, largervessels the top of bridge tower.

9.6 MF/HF Tuner

fig. 13: ICOMAT130E

The MF/HF carrier frequency changes from min-imum MF 1.6MHz to maximum HF 26MHz andtherefore the wave length from 188m to 10m. Butthe antenna has a fixed length.

Automatic antenna tuner matches the real length tothe ideal length using coils and capacitors.

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9.7 MF/HF Digital Selective Calling DSC

9.7.1 Type of calls

Primary type of calls to one, some or all stations in radio range:

• distress

– alert (acknowledge) all stations

– relay all (acknowledge) all stations

– relay individual (acknowledge) coast MMSI

• urgency & safety

– group, geographical area group MMSI or coordinates


• routine

– group group MMSI


– test (acknowledge) coast MMSI

9.7.2 MF/HF DSC controller

class A full requirements for compulsory fitted SOLAS vesselsclass E minimum facilities for voluntary fitted non-SOLAS vessels

Scan watch receiver continuous digital watchscanning all 6 MF/HF DSC frequencies

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9.8 Distress - MAYDAY


9.8.1 MF/HF DSC distress alert

Alert includes ships MMSI, position, nature and working frequency

Undefined distress alert push DISTRESS button >5sDefined distress alert enter menu

a) check position (interconnected GPS or manual entry)b) select nature of distress from list: undefined/undesignated,

fire/explosion, flooding, collision, grounding,listing/capsizing, sinking, disabled/adrift, abandon,piracy/armed robbery, man/person over board

c) select calling frequency:single: 5 consecutive calls on 1 frequency ∼35smulti: 6 consecutive calls on all 6 frequencies ∼42sMF 2187.5kHzHF 4207.5, 6312.0, 8414.5, 12577.0, 16804.5kHz

d) select associated RT working frequency:MF 2182kHzHF 4125, 6215, 8291, 12290, 16420kHz

e) push DISTRESS button >5s

MF DSC received by ship & coast stations in radio range ∼150nmHF DSC received by ship & coast stations in propagation range

Await DSC distress acknowledge from CS/RCC <3minIf not, automatic reptition of DSC distress alert ≈4min

9.8.2 MF/HF RT distress call and message

Single DSC call: on associated RT working frequencyMulti DSC call: on each of 6 associated RT working frequencies

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9.9 Distress relay - MAYDAY RELAY


Take the following actions:

• Set continuous watch on VHF ch16 and MF 2182kHz

• await DSC/RT acknowledge or response from CS/RCC


9.9.1 MF/HF DSC distress relay call

• Calling frequency select band on propagationMF 2187.5kHzHF 4207.5,6312,8414.5,12577,16804.5kHz

• Subsequent associated RT working frequency:MF 2182kHzHF 4125,6215,8291,12290,16420kHz

a) select individual call priority distress relay (only some DSC)b) enter or select MMSI of CS/RCCc) select calling frequency: select band on propagation

MF 2187.5kHzHF 4207.5, 6312.0, 8414.5, 12577.0, 16804.5kHz


e) push appropriate button to transmit

9.9.2 MF/HF RT distress relay call and message

Transmit subsequent RT distress call and messageon associated RT working frequency.

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9.10 Distress cancellation

Distress has to be canceled after transmission of a false distress alertor distress situation no longer required.

9.10.1 MF/HF DSC distress cancellation

a) push CANCEL button to stop transmissionb) select distress cancellation call (only some DSC)

self acknowledgec) push appropriate button to transmit

9.10.2 MF/HF RT distress cancellation

Follow up with RT distress cancellation call and message:

Single DSC call: on associated RT working frequencyMulti DSC call: on each of 6 associated RT working frequencies

3xall stations all stations all stations all stationsthis is this is


position position 43◦59.2’N 013◦28.9’Wcancel my distress alert please cancel my distress alert

of date and time of 0837 UTC todayOVER OVER

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9.11 Urgency - PAN PAN

A very urgent message concerning the safety of a ship or a person.Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

Urgency calls on VHF and MF only.

9.11.1 MF DSC urgency call

a) select urgency callb) select area, group or individual (only some DSC)c) enter area or MMSId) select calling frequency: select band on propagation

MF 2187.5kHzHF 4207.5, 6312.0, 8414.5, 12577.0, 16804.5kHz



9.11.2 MF RT urgency call and message

Transmit subsequent RT urgency call and messageon associated RT working frequency.

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9.12 Safety - SECURITE

A very important navigational or meteorological warning.Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

Safety calls on VHF and MF only.

9.12.1 MF DSC safety call

a) select safety callb) select area, group or individual (only some DSC)c) enter area or MMSId) select calling frequency: select band on propagation

MF 2187.5kHzHF 4207.5, 6312.0, 8414.5, 12577.0, 16804.5kHz



9.12.2 MF RT safety call and message

Transmit subsequent RT safety call and messageon associated RT working frequency.

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9.13 Routine

9.13.1 MF/HF DSC routine calling

a) select routine callb) select group or individualc) enter MMSId) select calling frequency: select band on propagation

MF ship-ship TX/RX 2177/2177kHzship-shore TX/RX 2189.5/2177kHz

HF 24 DSC frequencies within 8 bands: ship TX/RX [kHz]4MHz: 4208.0/4219.5, 4208.5/4220.0, 4209.0/4220.5

6MHz: 6312.5/6331.0, 6313.0/6331.5, 6313.5/6332.0

8MHz: 8415.0/8436.5, 8415.5/8437.0, 8416.0/8437.5

12MHz: 12577.5/12657.0, 12578.0/12657.5, 12578.5/12658.0

16MHz: 16805.0/16903.0, 16805.5/16903.5, 16806.0/16904.0

18MHz: 18898.5/19703.5, 18899.0/19704.0, 18899.5/19704.5

22MHz: 22375.5/22444.0, 22376.0/22444.5, 22376.5/22445.0

25MHz: 25208.5/26121.0, 25209.0/26121.5, 25209.5/26122.0

e) select RT working frequency on same band as callingMF ship-ship i.e. intership TX/RX 2048/2048kHzMF ship-shore 55 ITU channels: ship TX/RX [kHz]

2MHz: 241-267: 2060/1635, 2063/1638, ... 2138/1713

2MHz: 268-295: 2060/1716, 2063/1719, ... 2141/1797

HF 242 ITU channels within 8 bands: ship TX/RX [kHz]4MHz: 401-427: 4065/4357, 4068/4360, ..., 4143/4435

6MHz: 601-608: 6200/6501, 6203/6504, ..., 6221/6522

8MHz: 801-832: 8195/8719, 8198/8722, ..., 8288/8812

12MHz: 1201-1241: 12230/13077, 12233/13080, ..., 12350/13197

16MHz: 1601-1656: 16360/17242, 16363/17245, ..., 16525/17407

18MHz: 1801-1815: 18780/19755, 18783/19758, ..., 18822/19797

22MHz: 2201-2253: 22000/22696, 22003/22699, ..., 22156/22852

25MHz: 2501-2510: 25070/26145, 25073/26148, ..., 25097/26172

f) enter additional information as position, pay-phone, ...g) push appropriate button to transmit

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9.14 MF/HF telex

9.14.1 MF/HF selcal

Each station needs unique telex idenfification, the selcal:

coast station: 4 digitsship station: 5 digits

ITU List of callsigns and numerical identitiesMaritime Access and Retrieval System MARS www.itu.int

9.14.2 MF/HF telex terminal

A telex terminal consits of

Video Display Unit VDUKeyboardPrinterTelex modulator/demodulator MODEMMF/HF Transceiver (F1B or J2B)

Operation modes for Narrow Band Direct Printing NBDP.

Automatic Reception Request ARC (station to station)Forward Error Correction FEC (broadcast TX to all RX)Selective FEC SELFEC (station TX to station RX)

Distress, urgency and safety frequencies: FEC mode

MF: 2174.5kHzHF: 4177.5, 6268.0, 8376.5, 12520.0, 16695.0kHz

Telex abbrevations:

GA+ go aheadMED+ medical assistance requiredOBS+ weather messagesOCC+ occupied (engaged)URG+ urgent assistant required

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10 International Martitime Satellite INMARSAT

10.1 INMARSAT satellites

fig. 14: INMARSAT satellites

INMARSAT is a privatecompany and located inLondon with its Opera-tion Control Centre OCC.

4 satellites AOR-W, AOR-E, IOR, POR are geosta-tionary located in 36.000kmheight above the equa-tor.

At your known ships po-sition you can calculatethe azimuth and eleva-tion angle.

www.inmarsat.com

GMDSS communication standards:

standard phone data aerial IMN

B yes 64kBit/s 120cm dish 3MIDxxxxxC no 600Bit/s 20cm omnidir. 4MIDxxxxxFleet 77 yes 128kBit/s 77cm dish 76MIDxxxx

The system offers 4 priority levels:

level priority standard

P3 distress Fleet 77, SAT-B, SAT-M, SAT-CP2 urgency Fleet 77P1 safety Fleet 77P0 routine Fleet 77, SAT-B, SAT-M, SAT-C

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http://www.inmarsat.com


10.2 INMARSAT Land Earth Station LES

There are about 40 Land Earth Stations around the world, formerlycalled Coast Earth Stations CES. Dishes (parabolic antenna) with adiameter of 20m are used for RX 3.6GHz and TX 6.4GHz.

They are connecting into the Public Switched Telephone NetworkPSTN, Packet Switched Data Network PSDN and to RCC’s.

Not every LES provides all communication standards.

SAT-C LES list:

country operator AOR-W AOR-E POR IORAustralia Stratos (Perth) 022 122 222 322China Beijing 211 311France Vizada 021 121 221 321Greece OTE 120 305India VSNL 306Israel Bezeq 127 327Italia Telecom Italia 105 335Japan KDDI 003 103 203 303Netherlands Stratos (Burum) 012 112 212 312

Stratos (Burum 2) 002 102 302New Zealand Stratos (Auckland) 202Norway Telenor 004 104 204 304Poland Telekomunikacja 116 316Russia Morsviazsputnik 117 217 317Singapore Singapore Telecom 210 328Turkey Telecom 110 310Vietnam VISHIPEL 330USA Telenor 001 101 201 301

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10.3 INMARSAT Mobile Earth Station MES

Formerly called Ship Earth Stations SES.

fig. 15: INMARSAT MES

The communication frequencies RX 1.5GHz and TX 1.6GHz propa-gate with space wave. The satellite has to be in the line of sight.That is possible up to 70◦N/S.

The antenna (dish) is directional and must be pointed accurately atthe satellite. Normally it is automatically tracked by ships position(GPS) and heading (gyro) to satellite (azimuth and elevation).

fig. 16: INMARSAT NCS

4 Network Co-ordination Stations NCS are responsible for allocatingships TX communication channels and ships RX calling.

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11 SAT-C Mobile Earth Station

11.1 SAT-C Terminal

Store-and-foreward data messaging only (similar to SMS), no phone.

fig. 17: SAT-C Terminal

It consists of om-nidirectional antenna,transceiver and PCTerminal.

User Software is nor-mally DOS based,Windows based bythird parties.

Login is only possible if MES is in contract with INMARSAT. Youget messages after login to NCS ocean region.

Logging out informs the NCS that your MES is no longer available forcommunication. The NCS in your ocean region updates its databasewith this information. The system knows not to accept any messagesintended for your MES and informs would-be callers that your MESis not available. Logging out inhibts loss of data.

class terminal

0 EGC receiver only1 SAT-C transceiver only (non GMDSS)2 EGC receiver when SAT-C transceiver is standby3 EGC receiver and SAT-C transceiver

Mini-C small-scale, non GMDSS for voluntary fitted vessels can beused in Inmarsat spot beam areas only.

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11.2 SAT-C priority distress

If you select distress priority your message will be routed only to anRCC associated with the LES selected, regardless of the destination.

11.2.1 SAT-C distress alert


Undesignated distress alert push DISTRESS button(s) >5sPossible without any contract with INMARSAT corporation.

Designated distress alert enter menua) select distress alertb) check position (interconnected GPS or manual entry)c) select nature of distress from list

unspecified, fire/explosion, flooding, collision,grounding, listing, sinking, disabled/adrift, abandon,further assitance, piracy/armed attack

d) login to any LES/CES (nearest to your position prefered)e) push appropriate button to transmit

Received by Inmarsat satellite → LES → RCC ∼70◦S-70◦NAwait SAT-C distress acknowledge from RCC within 5min.If not repeat SAT-C distress alert as above.

11.2.2 SAT-C telex distress message

a) select distress priorityb) prepare distress message

MAYDAYships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNposition, nature of distress, assistance requiredadditional information

c) select the same LES/CES through the alert was sentd) to transmit push appropriate button

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11.2.3 SAT-C telex distress relay message


Take the following actions:

• Set continuous watch on VHF ch16 and MF 2182kHz


Relay to RCC on SAT-C terminal:

a) select distress priorityb) prepare message

MAYDAY RELAYships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNpositionobserved / received the following ...

c) select LES/CESd) to transmit push appropriate button

11.2.4 SAT-C telex distress cancellation message

If you accidentally send a distress alert, you should notify the appro-priate RCC to cancel the alert by sending a distress priority messagevia the same LES through which the false alert was sent.

a) select distress priorityb) prepare distress cancellation message

ships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNpositioncancel my distress alertof date and time

c) select the same LES/CES through the alert was sentd) to transmit push appropriate button

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11.3 SAT-C priority routine

Messages are selected by 2-digit Special Access Codes SAC.www.inmarsat.com

11.3.1 SAT-C telex urgency message

A very urgent message concerning the safety of a ship or a person.Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

a) select routine priorityb) select message type special accessc) enter specific 2-digit code

32 medical advice38 medical assistance39 maritime assitance

d) prepare message includingPAN PANships name / call sign / MMSI / IMN / position

e) select LES/CESf) to transmit push appropriate button

11.3.2 SAT-C telex safety message

A very important navigational or meteorological warning.Only be sent by authority of shipmaster or person in charge.

a) select routine priorityb) select message type special accessc) enter specific 2-digit code

42 navigational hazardsd) prepare message including

SECURITEships name / call sign / MMSI / IMN / position

e) select LES/CESf) to transmit push appropriate button

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11.3.3 SAT-C telex routine message

Message type:

type country destination prefix ext. preamble

shore telex country subscriber - - -

ship telex 581 AOR/E IMN - - -582 POR - - -583 IOR - - -583 AOR/W - - -

data PSDN DNIC - - -

fax PSTN country subscriber - T30 -

sms SAC - - 28 - TO+<no.>

email SAC - - 28 - TO+<addr.>

SAT-C terminal:

a) select routine priorityb) select message type, country, destination, prefix, extensionc) prepare message including preambled) select LES/CES (shore charges → nearest to destination)e) to transmit push appropriate button

Inmarsat air charges per 256Bit ≈ 0,30USD / 256BitITA-2, 5Bit, telex 50 character / 256BitASCII, 7Bit, text 36 character / 256BitBinary, 8Bit, data 32 character / 256Bit

Inmarsat sms/email Provider: contract requiredVizada (former Telenor, France Telecom) www.vizada.com

Stratos (former Xantic) www.stratosglobal.com

Inmarsat Mobile Number IMN:ITU List of callsigns and numerical identitiesMaritime Access and Retrieval System MARS www.itu.int

Inmarsat ships directory www.inmarsat.com

Data Network Identification Code DNIC: www.itu.int

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http://www.vizada.com

http://www.stratosglobal.com

http://www.itu.int


http://www.itu.int


11.4 SAT-C shore-to-ship routine

fig. 18: INMARSAT shore-to-ship

country destination

telex 581 AOR/E IMN582 POR583 IOR584 AOR/W

data 1111 AOR/E DNIC1112 POR1113 IOR1114 AOR/W



destination message preamble

sms Vizada: +49-1709127629 MES:Stratos; +47-95222333 i IMN

email Vizada: [email protected] subject: keywordStratos: [email protected] subject: al:telex

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11.5 SAT-C shore-to-ship Enhanced Group Call EGC

11.5.1 SafetyNET

SafetyNET provides Maritime Safety Information MSI broadcasts out-side NAVTEX coverage free of charge. MSI may be addressed to allships (coverage, ocean region, NAVAREA) or within a geographicarea (circle, rectangule, coastal area). Priority levels: distress, ur-gency, safety, routine

Scheduled MSI broadcasts (UTC):

area region NAV Information MET Information

I AOR-E 1730 0930, 2130II AOR-E 1630 0900, 2100III AOR-E 1200, 2400 1000, 2200IV AOR-W 1000, 2200 0430, 1030, 1630, 2230V AOR-E 0400, 1230 0730, 1930VI AOR-W 0200, 1400 0230, 1730VII AOR-E + IOR 1940 0940, 1940VIII IOR 1000 0830, 0900, 1630, 1800IX IOR 0800 0700X IOR + POR 0700, 1900 1030, 2330XI IOR + POR 0005, 0805, 1205 0230, 0330, 0815, 0830,

1430, 1530, 2015, 2030XII POR + AOR-W 1030, 2230 0545, 1145, 1745, 2345XIII POR 0930, 2130 0230, 0830, 0930, 1430,

0930, 2130 2030, 2130XIV POR on receipt 0930, 2130XV AOR-W 0210, 1410, 2210 0100, 1330, 1845XVI AOR-W 0519, 1119, 1719, 2319 0515, 1115, 1715, 2315

ALRS Volume 5 GMDSS www.ukho.gov.uk

GMDSS Master Plan www.navcen.uscg.gov

INMARSAT SafetyNet User Handbook www.inmarsat.com

11.5.2 FleetNET

FleetNET provides charged commercial broadcasts to a group of sta-tions selected by EGC Network Identification code ENID code.

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11.5.3 EGC receiver

Set up EGC receiver:

a) automatic update of ships position from GPSor manually input at least every 4 hours

b) designate current NAVAREA I-XVI based on ships positionc) designate INMARSAT ocean region for current NAVAREAd) login in to ocean region NCS of AOR-W, AOR-E, POR or IORe) enter NAVAREA I-XVIf) select NAVTEX codes and/or EGC services from listg) enter alternative NAVAREA

fig. 19: MSI SafetyNet

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12 SAT-B/M Mobile Earth Station

12.1 SAT-B/M Terminal

terminal service

SAT-B phone, telex (fax and data are optional)SAT-M phone, fax, data (small-scale, non GMDSS)Mini-M phone, data (portable, non GMDSS, spot beam area)

12.2 SAT-B/M priority distress


12.2.1 SAT-B telex distress

a) go onlineb) push DISTRESS button >6sc) await RCC answerback and GA+ (Go Ahead)d) type distress message or retrieve from DMG

MAYDAYships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNposition, nature of distress, assistance required, additional

Distress Message Generator DMG is a memory for pre-programmedtelex distress message. Ships identification and position is included.

12.2.2 SAT-B/M phone distress

a) lift headset and await dial toneb) push DISTRESS button >6sc) # -key to start calld) await RCC operater answerse) give distress message

MAYDAYships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNposition, nature of distress, assistance required, additional

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12.3 SAT-B/M priority routine

12.3.1 SAT-B/M Special Access Code SAC

SAT-B calls are selected by 2-digit Special Access Code SAC.www.inmarsat.com

a) select mode phone / telex (SAT-B only)b) select routine priority P0c) select LES/CES (shore charges → nearest to destination)d) lift headset (phone) / go online (telex)e) await RCC answers / answerback and GA+f) enter SAC

00 automatic dialing32 medical advice38 medical assistance39 maritime assitance42 navigational hazard

followed by # (phone) / + (telex)g) enter country + area + subscriber number on phone callh) give message (phone) / type message (telex)

12.3.2 SAT-B/M shore-to-ship routine

Automatic phone call shore-to-ship: +870-IMN



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13 Fleet 77/55/33 Mobile Earth Station

13.1 Fleet 77/55/33 Terminal

terminal service

Fleet 77 ISDN phone, MPDS data, preemption, 4 prioritiesFleet 55 phone, data (small-scale, non GMDSS)Fleet 33 phone, data (mobile, non GMDSS, spot beam areas)

Pre-emption is the ability to interrupt voice or data communicationby higher priorities.

13.2 Priority distress

13.2.1 Fleet 77 phone distress


a) push DISTRESS button >5sb) select LES (nearest to incident) or use defaultc) await RCC operater answerse) give distress message

MAYDAYships name / call sign / MMSI / IMNposition, nature of distress, assistance requiredadditional information



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Part III

Appendix

14 Mock questions

14.1 Operation Performance Test OPT

1. VHF Radio Telephone RT

(a) switch power on/off

(b) set volume and squelch for optimum performance

(c) adjust dimmer and contrast

(d) select distress, urgency, safety and RT calling channel

(e) select working channel 77

(f) demonstrate dual watch facility

(g) adjust power output 1W / 25W (explain its significance)

2. VHF Digital Selective Calling DSC

(a) check ships MMSI

(b) enter position and time manually

(c) send an undesignated distress alert

(d) send a designated distress alert

(e) cancel a false distress alert

(f) send a distress relay call to CS/RCC

(g) send an urgency call to all stations (RT working ch 16)

(h) send an safety call to all stations (RT working ch 08)

(i) send a group call (RT working channel 72)

(j) send a ship-to-ship routine call (RT working ch 77)

(k) send a ship-to-shore routine call

(l) retrieve received calls from log (memory)

(m) enter name and MMSI into directory (address book)

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14.2 Safety Of Life At Sea SOLAS

1. State the information included in a DSC distress alert.

2. The RT call should sent on which VHF channel.

3. shipmaster advised you to transmit DSC distress alertfollowed up with distress call and message:

(a) 43-43.3N 017-12.7Ebadly holed, ship is sinking, 4 persons

(b) 44-13.6N 017-45.3Eexplosion in engine room, ship is on fire, 3 persons

(c) 43-57.1S 016-59.9Elost prop shaft, flooding, 5 persons

(d) 44-01.0N 016-48.8Wdense fog, collision with fishing vessel, 8 persons

(e) 43-26.5S 117-15.0Whit an underwater rock, 1 person

(f) 44-33.2S 016-29.6Elost keel, heavy list to port, 8 persons

(g) 44-19.9N 015-59.1Elost rudder, drifting ashore in heavy sea, 2 persons

(h) 43-00.2S 116-25.8E7 persons abandon ship to liferaft

(i) 44-19.1N 016-39.8Eattack by 4 armed pirates, 6 persons

(j) 01-21.2N 017-45.9Wperson over board in heavy sea

(k) 44-32.7N 016-56.0E62 years old crew member had a heart attack

(l) 12-43.4S 017-17.6Ecapsized, no life raft, no dinghy, alone

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4. Define distress, urgency and safety priority.

5. There is a yacht about one mile from you, it is trailing orangesmoke and has a crew member standing on deck and repeatedlyraising and lowering his outstreched arms.List the actions you should take.

6. State the RT distress relay call and message to CS/RCC.

7. State the procedure for cancelling a false DSC distress alert.

8. State the RT signal you should you to precede a request formedical assistance.

9. State the priority of the DSC alert you should use to report anavigation hazard.

10. State what the signal SILENCE MAYDAY and SILENCE FINIindicates. State which station is allowed to use.

11. State the correct use of 518kHz for the Safety of Life at Seacommunications.

12. State two different items of maritime radio equipment recom-mended for use in survival craft.

13. State two purposes of an EPIRB.

14. State the changes you will see on your ships radar screen asyour vessel gets closer to an active radar SARTs position.

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14.3 Radio Regulations RR

Requires one answer only.

1. Under whose control may members of the crew use the ra-diotelephone?

(a) The Skipper of the boat

(b) The holder of a Certificate of Competence.

(c) The Owner of the ship radio licence.

(d) Any responsible person aged 18 and over.

2. Under whose authority is a distress alert made?

(a) The Skipper.

(b) The licenced radio operator.

(c) The Coastguard.

(d) Any concerned crew member.

3. For the purposes of DSC, vessels are refered to by their

(a) MMSI

(b) callsign

(c) name

(d) AAIC

4. If you are using a VHF radio with an aerial height of 16m andpower output of 25W, at what range would you expect to alerta coast station with an aerial height of 100m using Channel 70?

(a) 5-10nm

(b) 25-35nm

(c) 50-70nm

(d) more then 100nm

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5. Which electronic navigational aid can be interfaced with a DSCcontroller to input position?

(a) NAVTEX

(b) Fluxgate compass and electonic log

(c) GPS

(d) RADAR

6. Which one of the following types of call is permitted?

(a) Misleading distress call.

(b) Call addressed All Stations.

(c) Call containing profane or indecent language.

(d) Routine broadcast call.

7. Is the VHF voice distress channel:

(a) Channel 06

(b) Channel 67

(c) Channel 70

(d) Channel 16

8. Which of the following calls is prohibited:

(a) unidentified

(b) all ships

(c) ship-to-shore

(d) ship-to-ship

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15 Translations

15.1 RT messages

15.1.1 Ships distress message

1 Auf Position 12sm nordlichvon Kap Arkona, Feuer inden Aufbauten, Schiffe indem Gebiet werden gebeten,Loschhilfe zu leisten.

in position 12nm north offCape Arkona, fire in super-structure, vessels in area arerequested to assist in firefighting.

2 Auf Position 54-10.7N 004-15.4E Feuer im Laderaumist außer Kontrolle geraten,keine gefahrlichen Guter,keine giftige Rauchentwick-lung, 1 Person verletzt.Erbitten sofortige Hilfe.

In position 54-10.7N 004-15.4E fire in hold out of con-trol, no dangerous goods, nopoisoning smoke, 1 person in-jured. Immediate help is re-quested.

3 Um 2110UTC, auf Posi-tion 2sm nordwestlich vonWarnemunde, Mensch uberBord, Schiffe in der Nahe wer-den gebeten, scharf Ausschauzu halten, bei der Suche undRettung zu helfen und RCCBremen zu berichten.

Person over board at2110UTC in position 2nmnorthwest of Warnemuende,ships in vicinity please keepsharp lookout, assist withsearch and rescue and reportto Bremen Rescue.

4 Auf Position 3sm westlich vonBusum, Ruder gebrochen,treiben in rauher See auf Landzu. Benotigen sofortige Hilfe.

In position 3nm west of Bue-sum broken rudder, driftingashore in rough sea. Requireimmediate assistance.

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5 Auf Position 17sm nordlichvon Puttgarden, Kollision mitFischereifahrzeug MeyenburgDCYJ, gefahrliches Leck,Schiff sinkt nach Wassere-inbruch, benotigen sofortigeHilfe.

in collision with fishing ves-sel Meyenburg DCYJ in posi-tion 17nm north of Puttgar-den, dangerous leak, vesselsinking after flooding, requireimmediate assistance.

6 Auf Position 61-10,6N 003-45,3E nach einer ExplosionFeuer im Maschinenraum, 2Personen schwer verletzt, wirmussen das Schiff verlassen,benotigen sofortige Hilfe.

In position 61-10.6N 003-45.3E after explosion fire inengine room, 2 persons areseriously injured, we have toabandon the vessel, requireimmediate help.

7 Auf Position 4sm nordlichder Tonne DB2 Kollision mitTanker NEWEXCO. StarkeSchlagseite nach Backbordund Kentergefahr. Benotigesofortige Hilfe.

in position 4nm north of buoyDB2 in collision with tankerNEWEXCO. Heavy list toport side with danger of cap-sizing. require assistance im-mediately.

8 Auf Position 16-28,7S174-51,8E, gefahrlichesLeck unter der Wasserlinie,Wassereinbruch ist nicht zukontrollieren, Schiff befindetsich in kritischem Zustand,Schiffe in dem Gebiet werdengebeten zu Hilfe zu kommen.

In position 16-28.7S 174-51.8E with dangerous leakbelow water line, cannot con-trol flooding, ship is in criticalcondition, ships in area are re-quested to approach for assis-tance.

9 Deutsche Bucht, in derNahe der Leuchttonne DB7,Schiff brennt, bekomme dasFeuer nicht unter Kontrolle,benotige sofortige Hilfe.

German Bight near light buoyDB7, vessel on fire, fire outof control, require immediateassistance.

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15.1.2 Passing a distress message

10 Auf Position 58-55,8N 002-24,3E, beobachtet wie einkleines Flugzeug mit zweiPropellern notgewasserthat. Das Flugzeug ist nochtreibend. Schiffe in der Nahewerden gebeten, mit demFlugzeug auf UKW K16Verbindung aufzunehmenund via Inmarsat MRCC Sta-vanger oder via KW LyngbyRadio zu berichten.

Observed small unknown air-craft with two propellersditched in position 58-55.8N002-24.3E, aircraft is stillafloat, ships in vicinity pleasetry to contact aircraft on VHFch16 and report to MRCCStavanger via Inmarsat or onHF via Lyngby Radio.

11 Um 0732UTC folgendes aufUKW K16 empfangen: May-day Fjaellfjord LGBX aufPosition 4sm nordwestlichvon Helgoland, Explosion imMaschinenraum, 6 verletzteMenschen an Bord, benotigenHubschrauber und medizinis-che Hilfe. Ende der Meldung.

At 0732UTC on VHF ch16following received: MaydayFjaellfjord LGBX in position4nm northwest of Helgolandexplosions in engine room, 6persons are injured, requirehelicopter and medical assis-tance. End of message.

12 Rote Raketen beobachtet inrecht-weisender Peilung 045und 8sm geschatzter Abstandvon unserer Position 55-16,9N 016-23,1E, alle Schiffein diesem Gebiet bitte scharfAusschau halten und MRCCGoteborg berichten.

Our position 55-16.9N 016-23.1E, observed red rocketsin true bearing of about 045,estimated distance 8nm, allships in area please keep sharplookout and report to MRCCGothenburg

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15.1.3 Distress relay message from coast station

13 Auf dem Motorschiff Frey-burg DCAW Mensch uberBord, um 0730UTC zuletztgesichtet 2sm nordlich derRadarantwortbake Elbe. AlleSchiffe in der Nahe werdengebeten, scharf Ausschau zuhalten und MRCC Bremen zuberichten.

On motor vessel FreyburgDCAW person over board lastseen at 0730UTC in Posi-tion 2nm north of racon buoyElbe. All ships in vicinityplease keep sharp lookout andreport to Bremen Rescue.

14 Um 1525UTC auf UKWK16 folgendes von MotoschiffBlue Sky 5KMO empfangen:Auf Position 12sm nordwest-lich von Calais Mensch uberBord, Schiffe in der Nahebitte scharf Ausschau halten.Ende der Meldung. Schiffe indem Gebiet werden gebeten,sich an der Suche und Ret-tung zu beteiligen und MRCCFalmouth zu berichten.

At 1525UTC on VHF ch16following received from motorvessel Blue Sky 5KMO personover board in position 12nmnorth west of Calais, vesselsin vicinity keep sharp lookout.End of message. Ships in areaare requested to assist withsearch and rescue and reportto MRCC Falmouth.

15 DSC-Notalarm von Mo-torschiff Uranus empfangen.Die gemeldete Position ist10-04N 077-14W, die Schiff-fahrt wird gebeten, scharfAusschau zu hatlen undder Kustenwache Miami zuberichten.

received a DSC-distress alertfrom motor vessel Uranus.Reported position is 10-04N077-14W. Shipping is re-quested to keep a sharp look-out and report to CoastGuard Miami.

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16 In der Nahe der Leucht-Heultonne Humber 5 wurdeein gekentertes Rettungsfloßbeobachtet. Uberlebendewurden nicht gesichtet.Schiffe in dem Gebiet werdengebeten, scharf Ausschau zuhalten.

In vicinity of light and whistlebuoy Humber 5 capsized liferaft observed. Survivors werenot sighted. Ships in area arerequested to keep sharp look-out.

17 Kustenwache Falmouth hatfolgende Information vomFischereifahrzeug ParrainFHEF erhalten. Die Mel-dung beginnt: Mayday, alleBesatzungsmitglieder anBord des Schiffes sind vomRettungshubschrauber 137geborgen worden und fliegenweiter nach Stornoway. DasSchiff treibt noch auf Posi-tion 59-05N 013-55W. Endeder Meldung.

Coast guard Falmouth re-ceived following informationfrom fishing vessel ParrainFHEF. The message beginsMayday all crew members onboard the vessel have nowbeen airlifted and are pro-ceeding to Stomoway on res-cue helicopter 137. The ves-sel is still adrift in position 59-05N 013-55W. End of mes-sage.

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15.1.4 Ships urgent message

18 Ein Besatzungsmitglied istvom Mast gefallen undschwer verletzt, benotigedringend arztliche Hilfe.Position 12sm sudlich CapeSpartivento, Kurs 275,Geschwindigkeit 13kn.

In position 12nm south ofCape Spartivento, a crewmember is fallen from themast and seriously injured,course 275, speed 13kn, re-quire urgent medical assis-tance.

19 Auf Position 55-12,4N 005-08,7E, ein Besatzungsmit-glied, 56 Jahre, bewusst-los, Verdacht auf Herzinfarkt,benotige dringend medizinis-che Hilfe per Hubschrauber.

In position 55-12.4N 005-08.7E, a crew member 56years old unconscious, sus-pect heart attack, require ur-gent medical help by heli-copter.

20 Ein Mann ist vom Mastgefallen und hat sich schwerverletzt, starker Blutverlust,Position 54-48,1N 006-55,7E,benotige medizinischen Rat,Schiffe mit einem Arzt anBord bitte auf UKW K16melden.

Require medical advice forman fallen from the mast, se-riously injured with heavy lossof blood, position 54-48.1N006-55.7E, ships with doctorplease contact VHF ch16.

21 Schiff ist aufgrund vonProblemen mit der Ruder-anlage manovrierunfahig,Position 51-10,4N 003-45,6E, benotige dringendSchlepperhilfe.

Due to steering gear prob-lems vessel is not under com-mand in position 51-10.4N003-45.6E require urgent tugassistance.

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22 Auf Position 56-25N 027-19W, Schiff rammte kleinenEisberg, Wassereinbruch,benotige dringedn Schlepp-und Pumphilfe.

Vessel struck growler in po-sition 56-25N 027-19W, shipis making water require ur-gent assistance with towingand pumping.

23 Maschinenausfall, Schifftreibt manovrierunfahigin sehr schwerer See undsehr hoher Dunung aufPosition 55-23,4N 006-18,1E, benotigen dringendSchlepphilfe.

Engine is broken down inposition 55-23.4N 006-18.1Eship is not under command invery rough sea and extremelyhigh swell, require urgent tugassistance.

24 Auf Position 2sm nordostlichder Heultonne A, Maschi-nenraum brennt, Hauptmas-chine lauft noch, fahrenmit langsamer Fahrt weiter,benotigen dringend Schlep-philfe.

In position 2nm north east ofwhistle buoy A, engine roomon fire, main engine still work-ing proceeding at slow speed,require urgent tug assistance.

25 gebrochener Mast, Rud-erschaden, Schiff treibtmanovrierunfahig in schwererSee, auf Position 61-17,3N004-28,4E, benotigen drin-gend Schlepperhilfe.

broken mast, damaged rud-der. Vessel is not under com-mand, rough sea, in position61-17,3N 004-28,4E, requireurgent tug assistance.

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15.1.5 Urgent message from coast station

26 Kustenwache Miami empfingeine uberfallige Meldung derSegeljacht Windigo, 38 Fuß,die Fajardo am 20. Junium 0800 Uhr Ortszeit aufdem Weg nach Canaveralverließ. Weiße Segelyachtmit roten Aufbauten. DieSchifffahrt wird gebeten,scharf Ausschau zu haltenund der Kustenwache MiamiBeobachtungen zu melden.

Miami Coast Guard receivedan overdue report of a 38feet sailing vessel Windigoleft Fajardo with destinationCanaveral The sailing vesselis white with red superstruc-ture. Shipping is requestedto keep a sharp lookout andreport sightings to US CoastGuard Miami.

27 Segelboot Rubin, 12m Lange,roter Rumpf, weiße Segel,zwei Personen an Bord, ver-ließ Klintholm am 16. Julium 0600 Uhr Ortszeit mitZiel Visby, Schiff hat bisherVisby nicht erreicht, Schiff-fahrt wird gebeten, scharfAusschau zu halten und Lyn-gby Radio zu berichten.

Sailing boat Rubin 12m redhull, white sails, 2 personson board, left Klintholm onJuly 16th at 0600 local time,bound for Visby, ship has notyet arrived, shipping are re-quested to keep sharp look-out and report to Lyngby Ra-dio.

28 Segeljacht Relaxe SWLU, 40Fuß, weißer Rumpf, brauneSegel, unterwegs von Mar-tinique zu den Azoren, seitdem 16. Januar keine Mel-dung mehr erhalten, Schiffe,die sich auf dieser Routebefinden, bitte scharf Auss-chau halten und der USKustenwache berichten.

Sailing yacht Relaxe SWLU,lengths 40 feet, white hull,brown sails, underway fromMartinique to Azores unre-ported since January 16th,ship on route please keepsharp lookout and report toUS Coast Guard.

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15.1.6 Ships safety message

29 Schiff auf Grund gelaufenauf ungefahr 54-27,7N 007-28,0E. Die Schifffahrt wirdgebeten, weitraumig zu um-fahren.

ship aground in approximate54-27.7N 007-28.0E. Ship-ping is requested to keep awide berth

15.1.7 Safety message from coast station

30 Gebiet Humber, Thames,Dover, Isle of Wight undBelgische Kuste leicht bismaßige NE Brise, Windstarke3-4, maßige oder schlechteSicht, uberwiegend heiter.

Area Humber Thames, DoverIsle of Wight and BelgianCoast northeasterly gentle tomoderate breeze force 3 to4, moderate or poor visibility,mainly fair.

31 Seegebiet Dogger Bank bisIsle of Wight, starke west-liche Winde zunehmend aufSturmstarke 8 bis 9, recht-drehend, spater zeitweiseSpruhregen, maßige bis guteSicht.

Sea area Dogger Bank toIsle of Wight strong westerlywinds increasing to gale force8 to 9 veering later drizzle attimes, moderate to good vis-ibility.

32 Sturmwarnung vom 21.September 0600UTC, Hur-rikane Clara, 958hPa imZentrum, Position 28-36,5N072-41,3W, bewegt sichnordwestlich mit 40kn, ineinem Radius von ungefahr40sm, Seegang uber 7m.

Gale warning at 210600UTC September, hurricaneClara with central pressure of958hPa located in position28-36.5N 072-41,3W presentmovement NW at 40knwithin a radius of about40nm of centre, seas over7m.

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33 Vanernsee nachts Nord 25 bis35kn, im Sund, im Großenund Kleinen Belt, westlicheund sudliche Ostsee Sudwestzunehmend bis 35kn, in derspaten Nacht West 30 bis40kn, Sudfinnisches Archipelin der Nacht Sud 30kn, Bot-tensee nachts Nordost 35 bis45kn, dichtes bis sehr dichtesEis.

Lake Vaenern from this nightnorth 25 to 35kn. TheSound, the Betts, westemand southem Baltic: south-west increasing to 35kn.From late night west 30to 40kn. Archipelago Sea:tonight south 30kn. Sea ofBothnia: From tonight north-east 35 to 45kn and close tovery close ice.

34 Wetterbericht fur das Gebietnordlich von Portugal: Regenoder Schauer, zeitweise SW6, rasch zunehmend auf W 8,spater rechtdrehend NW 5.

Weather forecast for the areaNorth of Portugal, rain orshowers, at times SW 6, tem-porarily increasing W 8 veer-ing to NW five later.

35 Sturmwarnung fur Skagerrakund Kattegat, W 8 bis 9, ab-nehmend auf 7, rauhe See,Schauer, maßige bis guteSicht.

Gale warning for Skagerrakand Kattegat, W 8 to 9,decreasing to 7, rough sea,showers, good to moderatevisibility.

36 Sturm- und EiswarnungSkagerrak, Kattegatt undVanernsee: Heute AbendNW 30kn Sund, Belts, west-liche und sudliche Ostsee:Wind aus sudlichen Richtun-gen zunehmend auf 30kn,heute Nacht N-NW 30-40kn,Zentrale Ostsee und Rigais-cher Meerbusen Sudwestzunehmend auf 35kn.

Gale and ice warning. Sk-agerrak, Kattegatt and LakeVaenem: From this eveningNW 30kn. The Sound,the Betts, Western andSouthem Battic: Aroundsouth, increasing to 30kn.,this night N-NW 30-40kn,Central Baltic and Golf ofRiga: southwest increasingto 35kn.

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37 Humber-Elbe-Fahrwasser aufPosition 53-25,7N 005-28,4Eeine fast untergetauchte,treibende, gelbe Glocken-tonne, gefahrlich fur dieSchifffahrt.

Humber-Elbe-Route in po-sition 53-25.7N 005-28,4Eobserved nearly submergeddrifting yellow coloured bellbuoy, dangerous to naviga-tion.

38 Bohrplattform Drill Ep-silon auf Position 58-17,3N002-43,8E, Ol-Uberlauf undGasleck, Schiffe in diesemGebiet werden angewiesen,die erwahnte Position miteinem Mindestabstand von2sm zu passieren.

Drilling Platform Drill Epsilonin Position 58-17.3N 002-43.8E spilling oil and leakinggas, ships in area are advisedto pass the mentioned posi-tion with a wide berth of atleast 2nm.

39 Eiswarnung, Eisberge rundum Belle Isle and CapeFreels beobachtet. Mit einerAnderung der Eissituation istin den nachsten 24 Stundennicht zu rechnen.

Ice warning. Icebergs are re-ported in area around BelleIsle and Cape Freels. Icesituation is not expected tochange in the next 24 hours.

40 Auf der Position 4smnordwestlich von Cape Fin-isterre sind mehrere rote40Fuß-Container gesichtetworden, ein Container mitder Aufschrift TEXASCON,Schiffe in diesem Gebiet bittesorgfaltig navigieren.

In Position 4nm Northwest ofCape Finisterre sighted sev-eral drifting 40feet contain-ers red painted, one con-tainer marked with TEXAS-CON, ships in area are re-quested to navigate carefully.

41 Gefahrliches Wracklokalisiert, DunkerqueAnsteuerung, auf Position51-04,6N 001-52,2E, Schiffewerden gebeten, großenAbstand zu halten.

Dunkerque approach, danger-ous wreck located in position51-04.6N 001-52.2E, vesselsare requested to keep a wideberth.

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42 Gefahrliches, in der Kartenicht angegebenes Unter-wasserhindernis, gekennze-ichnet durch gelbe Boje mitWest-Toppzeichen, Position53-48,3N 007-41,7E, Schiff-fahrt wird gebeten, Abstandzu halten.

Dangerous uncharted under-water obstruction reported inposition 53-48.3N 007-41.7Emarked by yellow buoy withwest top mark Navigation isrequested to keep a berth.

43 Motorschiff Xanthippe hatAnker und -kette verloren, aufPosition 51-25,8N 002-40,5E,Schiffe in dem Gebiet werdengebeten, dort nicht zu ankernund kein Fischereigeschirr zunutzen.

motor vessel Xanthippe lostanchor and chain in position51-25.8N 002-40.5E, shippingin this area is requested to useneither an anchor nor fishinggear.

44 Fahrwasser zwischen DenHelder und Den Oever istdie Leucht- und HeultonneMG18 als verloscht gemeldet,die Schifffahrt wird gebeten,in diesem Gebiet vorsichtigzu navigieren.

Fairway between Den Helderand Den Oever light andwhistle buoy MG18 is re-ported unlit shipping in thisarea is requested to navigatewith caution.

45 Unterwasser-Kabelarbeitenwerden bis zum 16. Februardurch Motorschiff LeonThevesin fortgefuhrt, dieSchifffahrt wird gebeten,innerhalb eines Radius von2sm der Position 33-55,6N008-04,2W großen Abstandzu halten.

Underwater cable opera-tions by motor vessel LeonThevesin in progress untilFebruary 16th, wide berth isrequested in area within 2nmof 33-55,6N 008-04.2W.

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46 Englische Ostkuste. Im Nor-den von Blyth, WindturbineNr. 2 ist beschadigt wordenund gefahrlich fur die Schiff-fahrt. Alle Schiffe werdenangewiesen, ausreichend Ab-stand zu halten. EisbrecherOdeon und Atle.

England East Coast. Blythnorthwards, No. 2 wind tur-bine suffered damaged and isdangerous to shipping. Allvessels are advised to keepwell clear. lcebreaker Odeonand Atle.

47 Westansteuerung EnglischerKanal. Unterwasserarbeitenwerden ausgefuhrt in derNahe der Verbindungslinie48-00N 007-15W und 48-51N007-13W. Großer Abstand er-beten.

Western approaches to En-glish Channel. Underwateroperations in progress, vicin-ity of line joining 48-00N 007-15W and 48-51N 007-13W.Wide berth requested.

48 Eisbrecher Odeon und Atleassistieren im BottnischenMeerbusen, Ymer in dersudlichen Bottensee und imKvark. Nur Schiffe, diefur die Winterschifffahrt (Eis-fahrt) geeignet sind, konnenmit der Hilfe der Eisbrecherrechnen

lcebreaker Odeon and Atle as-sist in northern Bay of Both-nia, Ymer in Southern Bayof Bothnia and the Quark.Only vessels suitable for win-ter navigation can expect ice-breaker assistance.

49 Navigationswarnung Nr. 64,130915 UTC Februar: Eingroßes Bundel Schnittholztreibt im Verkehrstrennungs-gebiet der Deutschen Buchtauf Position 53-47,4N 006-11,1E. Aufhebung der Navi-gationswarnung 131100 UTC.

Navigational warning No. 64,130951 UTC Feb: Ger-man Bight traffic separa-tion scheme large package oftimber drifting in 53-47.4N006-11,1E. At 131100 UTCFeb navigational warning can-celled.

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50 Ostlicher Kanal, Straße vonDover, sudliche Nordsee,zahlreiche Baumstamme(Lange 7m, Durchmesser0,40 m) treiben von LeHavre bis zur belgischenKuste. Die Stamme treibennach Norden in die sudlicheNordsee. Die Schifffahrt wirdgebeten, scharf Ausschau zuhalten und jede BeobachtungOostende Radio zu melden.

Eastern Channel, DoverStrait, southern North Sea,numerous trunks (length 7m,diameter 0,40 m) reportedadrift from Le Havre to theBelgian coast. Drifting northinto the southern North Sea.Shipping is requested to keepa sharp lookout and reportany sighting to Oostendradio.

51 Westliche Ostsee.Verkehrstrennungsgebietsudlich von Gedser Aus-tausch der Betonnung derTiefenwasserlinie und desVerkehrstrennungsgebi-etes ist laut Nachrichten furSeefahrer 41/01 durchgefuhrtworden, beachte ebenfallsdie Danischen NautischenWarnnachrichten 10/02.

Westem Baltic. Trafficseparation scheme south ofGedser. Changes of buoy-age of deep water lane andtraffic separation scheme ac-cording to German notices tomariners 41/01 has been car-ried out, see also Danish nav-igational waming 10/02.

52 Aalandsee. LeuchttonneTroeskeln Vaestra auf Posi-tion 59-39,58N 019-51,72Ezerstort. Unter Wasser-Hindernisse unter der Wasser-oberflache. Die Ost-KardinalTonne wurde ostlich der Hin-dernisse verankert. GroßenAbstand halten.

Sea of Aaland. Light bouyTroeskeln Vaestra position59-39.58N 019-51.72E de-stroyed. Underwater ob-structions left below surface.East cardinal light buoy es-tablished east of the obstruc-tions. Wide berth is re-quested.

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15.2 Weather

Bf wind force SS state of sea

0 calm 0 calm-glassy1 light air 1 calm-rippled2 light breeze 2 smooth wavelets3 gentle breeze4 moderate breeze 3 slight5 fresh breeze 4 moderate6 strong breeze 5 rough7 near gale 6 very rough8 gale 7 high9 strong gale10 storm 8 very high11 violent storm 9 phenomenal12 hurricane

distance visibility

40km excellent20km very good10km good4km moderate2km poor1km very poor500m moderate fog200m fog50m thick fog<50m dense fog

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15.3 Vessel

vessel cargo vessel Frachtschiffmercant vessel Handelsschiffmotor vessel Motorschiffpassenger vessel Fahrgastschiffsailing vessel Segelschifftowing vessel Schleppendes Schiff

tug Schlepperboat pleasure boat Sportbootsmall craft Kleinfahrzeug (< 24m)bow ahead Bug / vornestern astern Heck / hintenport(side) Backbordstar(board) Steuerbord

abeam querabdraught Tiefgang

air draught Hohemaster Kapitanshipmaster Schiffsfuhrer

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15.4 Vocabulary

anticyclone; Antizyklone (=Hoch)approach; Ansteuerungapproximate; annaherndappropriate; scheinbaravoid; vermeidenazimut; horizontal

backing; ruckdrehend (Nordhal-bkugel li)bank; (Sand) Bankbarrel; Fassbasin; (Hafen) Beckenbeacon; Bake (Marke)bearing; Peilungberth; Breite, Liegeplatzbell; Glockebounded; begrenztbow; Bugbuoy; Tonnebutton; Tastebreaker; Brecher, Dammbridge; Brucke

cable; Kabelcall; Anrufcallsign; Rufzeichencancel; aufhebencapsize; kenterncargo; Ladungcarrier; Tragerchain; Kettechannel; Durchfahrt, Kanalchart; (See) Karte

chart datum; Kartenbezugssystemcheck; prufenclaudy; bewolktclearance; Durchfahrtshohecoast; Kustecoastguard; Kustenwachecollision; Zusammenstoß, Kollisioncourse; Kurs, Richtungcrew; Besatzungcyclone; Zyklone (Tief)

decrease; abnehmendepression; Tiefdruckgebietdisabled; manovrierunfahigdistress; Seenotditched; notgewassertdrag; baggerndraft; Tiefgangdrift; treibendrizzle; Nieselregen

elevation; vertikalestablish; aufnehmen, einrichten

fair; heiter, schonfairway; Fahrwasserfloat; (auf)schwimmenflooding; (Flutung), Wassereinbruch

gale; Sturmgrave; ernstgrounding; Grundberuhrunggrowler; kleiner Eisberggust; Boe

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hail; Hagelhatch; Lukeheading; Kurshigh; Hochhold; Laderaumhull; Rumpf

immediate; sofortimminent; unmittelbarinadvertent; unabsichtilichincrease; zunehmeninshore; Kustenzoneinvestigate; unterstutzenisolated; vereinzelt

leak; Lecklifebaot; Rettungsbootlifejacket; Rettungswesteliferaft; Rettungsinsellightvessel; Feuerschifflighthouse; Leuchtturmlist; Schlagseitelow; Tief

mainly; uberwiegendmaking water; Wassereinbruchmarked; bezeichnet, markiertmaster; Kapitanmatcher; Antennentunermerchant; Handelmessage; Nachrichtmist; Dunstmoderate; maßig

navigate; fahren

observe; beobachtenoccasional; vereinzeltoffshore; seewartsoff station; vertriebenovercast; bedeckt

peer; Pierpilot; Lotsepiracy; Pirateriepontoon; Schwimmstegpoor; schlechtport; Hafen, Backbordprocedure; Abwicklung, Vorgangsweiseproceeding; fortsetzenprohibited; verboten

radio; Funkradiolog; Funktagebuchrecommand; Empfehlungrelay; Weiterleitungreport; Meldungrequire; erfordernrequest; erbittenrescue; Rettungrestricted; eingeschranktrobbery; Raubereirudder; Ruder

saftey; Sicherheitsalvage; Bergungscan; durchsuchenseaarea; Seegebietseacock; Seeventilsealetter; Seefunktelgramm

98



seriosly; schwershifting; drehen, bewegenshipmaster; Schiffsfuhrershipping; Schiffahrtshore; Ufer, Landsquall; Schwall, Sturmboesquelch; Eingangspegelbegrenzerstandby; bereithaltenstar(board); Steuerbordstationary; stationarsteer; Steuerstern; Heckstorm; Sturmstrait; Wasserstraßesubcarrier; Hilfstragersubmerged; unter Wassersuperstructure; Aufbautensurvivial; uberlebensynopsis; Wetterlage, Ubersicht

temporarily; zeitweisethunderstorm; Gewitterthunder; Donnertiller; Pinnetowing; schleppentransitting; passierentrough; Tiefdruck-Trogtrunk; (Baum-)Stammtug; Schleppertune; abstimmen

unconsicsious; ohnmachtigunderway; (unterwegs) in Fahrtundefined; nicht bezeichnetundesignated; unbestimmt

unlit; erloschenurgent; dringend

variation; Missweisungveering; drehend (Nordhalbkugelrechts)vessel; Wasserfahrzeug, Dampf-schiffviolent; orkanartigvisibility; Sicht

watch; Wachewharf; Werftwheel; Radwhistle; heulen, Pfeifewreck; Wrack

Electropediawww.electropedia.org

LEO www.leo.org

Paul Hemetsbergerwww.dict.cc

99


http://www.electropedia.org

http://www.leo.org

http://www.dict.cc


16 Identifications

16.1 MID

000-199 (not used)

201 Albania202 Andorra203 Austria204 Azores205 Belgium206 Belarus207 Bulgaria208 Vatican209-210 Cyprus211 Germany212 Cyprus213 Georgia214 Moldova215 Malta216 Armenia218 Germany219-220 Denmark224-225 Spain226-228 France230 Finland231 Faroe Islands232-235 United Kingdom236 Gibraltar237 Greece238 Croatia239-240 Greece

242 Morocco243 Hungary244-246 Netherlands247 Italy248-249 Malta250 Ireland251 Iceland252 Liechtenstein253 Luxembourg254 Monaco255 Madeira256 Malta257-259 Norway261 Poland263 Portugal264 Romania265-266 Sweden267 Slovak Republic268 San Marino269 Switzerland270 Czech Republic271 Turkey272 Ukraine273 Russian Federation274 Yugoslav, Macedonia275 Latvia276 Estonia277 Lithuania278 Slovenia279 Serbia and Montenegro

301 Anguilla303 Alaska304 Antigua and Barbuda

100



306 Netherlands Antilles307 Aruba308-309 Bahamas310 Bermuda311 Bahamas312 Belize314 Barbados316 Canada319 Cayman Islands321 Costa Rica323 Cuba325 Dominica327 Dominican Republic329 Guadeloupe330 Grenada331 Greenland332 Guatemala334 Honduras336 Haiti338 USA339 Jamaica341 Saint Kitts and Nevis343 Saint Lucia345 Mexico347 Martinique348 Montserrat350 Nicaragua351-357 Panama358 Puerto Rico359 El Salvador361 Saint Pierre,Miquelon362 Trinidad, Tobago364 Turks, Caicos366-369 USA

371 Panama375-377 St Vincent, Grenad.378 Brit. Virgin Islands379 US Virgin Islands401 Afghanistan403 Saudi Arabia405 Bangladesh408 Bahrain410 Bhutan412-413 China416 Taiwan417 Sri Lanka419 India422 Iran423 Azerbaijani425 Iraq428 Israel431-432 Japan434 Turkmenistan436 Kazakhstan437 Uzbekistan438 Jordan440-441 Korea443 Palestinian Authority445 Republic of Korea447 Kuwait450 Lebanon453 Macao455 Maldives457 Mongolia459 Nepal461 Oman463 Pakistan466 Qatar

101



468 Syrian470 United Arab Emirates473-475 Yemen477 Hongkong

501 Adelie Land503 Australia506 Myanmar508 Brunei Darussalam510 Micronesia511 Palau512 New Zealand514-515 Cambodia516 Christmas Island518 Cook Islands520 Fiji523 Cocos525 Indonesia529 Kiribati531 Lao533 Malaysia536 Northern Mariana Is.538 Marshall Islands540 New Caledonia542 Niue544 Nauru546 French Polynesia548 Philippines553 Papua New Guinea555 Pitcairn Island557 Solomon Islands559 American Samoa561 Samoa563-564 Singapore

567 Thailand570 Tonga572 Tuvalu574 Viet Nam576 Vanuatu578 Wallis, Futuna Is.

601 South Africa603 Angola605 Algeria607 St Paul, Amsterdam Is.608 Ascension Island609 Burundi610 Benin611 Botswana612 Central Africa613 Cameroon615 Congo616 Comoros617 Cape Verde618 Crozet Archipelago619 Cote d’Ivoire621 Djibouti622 Egypt624 Ethiopia625 Eritrea626 Gabonese Republic627 Ghana629 Gambia630 Guinea-Bissau631 Equatorial Guinea632 Guinea633 Burkina Faso634 Kenya

102



635 Kerguelen Islands636-637 Liberia642 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya644 Lesotho645 Mauritius647 Madagascar649 Mali650 Mozambique654 Mauritania655 Malawi656 Niger657 Nigeria659 Namibia660 Reunion661 Rwandese Republic662 Sudan663 Senegal664 Seychelles665 Saint Helena666 Somali667 Sierra Leone668 Sao Tome and Principe669 Swaziland670 Chad671 Togolese Republic672 Tunisia674 Tanzania675 Uganda676 Congo677 Tanzania678 Zambia679 Zimbabwe

701 Argentine Republic710 Brazil720 Bolivia725 Chile730 Colombia735 Ecuador740 Falkland Islands745 Guiana750 Guyana755 Paraguay760 Peru765 Suriname770 Uruguay775 Venezuela

800-999 (not used)

GLAD www.itu.int

103


http://www.itu.int


16.2 Callsign series

0AA-0ZZ (nicht vergeben)

1AA-1ZZ (nicht vergeben)

2AA-2ZZ United Kingdom

3AA-3AZ Monaco3BA-3BZ Mauritius3CA-3CZ Equatorial Guinea3DA-3DM Swaziland3DN-3DZ Fiji3EA-3FZ Panama3GA-3GZ Chile3HA-3UZ China3VA-3VZ Tunisia3WA-3WZ Viet Nam3XA-3XZ Guinea3YA-3YZ Norway3ZA-3ZZ Poland

4AA-4CZ Mexico4DA-4IZ Philippines4JA-4KZ Azerbaijan4LA-4LZ Georgia4MA-4MZ Venezuela4NA-4OZ Serbia, Montenegro4PA-4SZ Sri Lanka4TA-4TZ Peru4UA-4UZ United Nations4VA-4VZ Haiti4WA-4WZ Timor-Leste

4XA-4XZ Israel4YA-4YZ ICAO4ZA-4ZZ Israel

5AA-5AZ Libyan5BA-5BZ Cyprus5CA-5GZ Morocco5HA-5IZ Tanzania5JA-5KZ Colombia5LA-5MZ Liberia5NA-5OZ Nigeria5PA-5QZ Denmark5RA-5SZ Madagascar5TA-5TZ Mauritania5UA-5UZ Niger5VA-5VZ Togolese5WA-5WZ Samoa5XA-5XZ Uganda5YA-5ZZ Kenya

6AA-6BZ Egypt6CA-6CZ Syrian6DA-6JZ Mexico6KA-6NZ Korea6OA-6OZ Somali6PA-6SZ Pakistan6TA-6UZ Sudan6VA-6WZ Senegal6XA-6XZ Madagascar6YA-6YZ Jamaica6ZA-6ZZ Liberia

7AA-7IZ Indonesia7JA-7NZ Japan

104



7OA-7OZ Yemen7PA-7PZ Lesotho7QA-7QZ Malawi7RA-7RZ Algeria7SA-7SZ Sweden7TA-7YZ Algeria7ZA-7ZZ Saudi Arabia

8AA-8IZ Indonesia8JA-8NZ Japan8OA-8OZ Botswana8PA-8PZ Barbados8QA-8QZ Maldives8RA-8RZ Guyana8SA-8SZ Sweden8TA-8YZ India8ZA-8ZZ Saudi Arabia

9AA-9AZ Croatia9BA-9DZ Iran9EA-9FZ Ethiopia9GA-9GZ Ghana9HA-9HZ Malta9IA-9JZ Zambia9KA-9KZ Kuwait9LA-9LZ Sierra Leone9MA-9MZ Malaysia9NA-9NZ Nepal9OA-9TZ Congo9UA-9UZ Burundi9VA-9VZ Singapore9WA-9WZ Malaysia9XA-9XZ Rwandese9YA-9ZZ Trinidad, Tobago

A2A-A2Z BotswanaA3A-A3Z TongaA4A-A4Z OmanA5A-A5Z BhutanA6A-A6Z Arab EmiratesA7A-A7Z QatarA8A-A8Z LiberiaA9A-A9Z BahrainAAA-ALZ USAAMA-AOZ SpainAPA-ASZ PakistanATA-AWZ IndiaAXA-AXZ AustraliaAYA-AZZ Argentine

BAA-BZZ China

C2A-C2Z NauruC3A-C3Z AndorraC4A-C4Z CyprusC5A-C5Z GambiaC6A-C6Z BahamasC7A-C7Z WMOC8A-C9Z MozambiqueCAA-CEZ ChileCFA-CKZ CanadaCLA-CMZ CubaCNA-CNZ MoroccoCOA-COZ CubaCPA-CPZ BoliviaCQA-CUZ PortugalCVA-CXZ UruguayCYA-CZZ Canada

105



D2A-D3Z AngolaD4A-D4Z Cape VerdeD5A-D5Z LiberiaD6A-D6Z ComorosD7A-D9Z KoreaDAA-DRZ GermanyDSA-DTZ KoreaDUA-DZZ Philippines

E2A-E2Z ThailandE3A-E3Z EritreaE4A-E4Z PalestinianE5A-E5Z Cook IslandsEAA-EHZ SpainEIA-EJZ IrelandEKA-EKZ ArmeniaELA-ELZ LiberiaEMA-EOZ UkraineEPA-EQZ IranERA-ERZ MoldovaESA-ESZ EstoniaETA-ETZ EthiopiaEUA-EWZ BelarusEXA-EXZ KyrgyzEYA-EYZ TajikistanEZA-EZZ Turkmenistan

FAA-FZZ France

GAA-GZZ United KingdomH2A-H2Z CyprusH3A-H3Z PanamaH4A-H4Z Solomon IslandsH6A-H7Z Nicaragua

H8A-H9Z PanamaHAA-HAZ HungaryHBA-HBZ SwitzerlandHCA-HDZ EcuadorHEA-HEZ SwitzerlandHFA-HFZ PolandHGA-HGZ HungaryHHA-HHZ HaitiHIA-HIZ Dominican Rep.HJA-HKZ ColombiaHLA-HMZ KoreaHNA-HNZ IraqHOA-HPZ PanamaHQA-HRZ HondurasHSA-HSZ ThailandHTA-HTZ NicaraguaHUA-HUZ El SalvadorHVA-HVZ VaticanHWA-HYZ FranceHZA-HZZ Saudi Arabia

IAA-IZZ Italy

J2A-J2Z DjiboutiJ3A-J3Z GrenadaJ4A-J4Z GreeceJ5A-J5Z Guinea-BissauJ6A-J6Z Saint LuciaJ7A-J7Z DominicaJ8A-J8Z St. Vincent, Grenad.JAA-JSZ JapanJTA-JVZ MongoliaJWA-JXZ NorwayJYA-JYZ JordanJZA-JZZ Indonesia

106



KAA-KZZ USAL2A-L9Z ArgentineLAA-LNZ NorwayLOA-LWZ ArgentineLXA-LXZ LuxembourgLYA-LYZ LithuaniaLZA-LZZ BulgariaMAA-MZZ United KingdomNAA-NZZ USA

OAA-OCZ PeruODA-ODZ LebanonOEA-OEZ AustriaOFA-OJZ FinlandOKA-OLZ CzechOMA-OMZ SlovakONA-OTZ BelgiumOUA-OZZ Denmark

P2A-P2Z Papua New GuineaP3A-P3Z CyprusP4A-P4Z ArubaP5A-P9Z KoreaPAA-PIZ NetherlandsPJA-PJZ Netherl. AntillesPKA-POZ IndonesiaPPA-PYZ BrazilPZA-PZZ Suriname

RAA-RZZ Russia

S2A-S3Z BangladeshS5A-S5Z SloveniaS6A-S6Z Singapore

S7A-S7Z SeychellesS8A-S8Z South AfricaS9A-S9Z Sao Tome, PrincipeSAA-SMZ SwedenSNA-SRZ PolandSSA-SSM EgyptSSN-STZ SudanSUA-SUZ EgyptSVA-SZZ Greece

T2A-T2Z TuvaluT3A-T3Z KiribatiT4A-T4Z CubaT5A-T5Z SomaliT6A-T6Z AfghanistanT7A-T7Z San MarinoT8A-T8Z PalauT9A-T9Z Bosnia, HerzegovinaTAA-TCZ TurkeyTDA-TDZ GuatemalaTEA-TEZ Costa RicaTFA-TFZ IcelandTGA-TGZ GuatemalaTHA-THZ FranceTIA-TIZ Costa RicaTJA-TJZ CameroonTKA-TKZ FranceTLA-TLZ Central AfricaTMA-TMZ FranceTNA-TNZ CongoTOA-TQZ FranceTRA-TRZ GaboneseTSA-TSZ TunisiaTTA-TTZ Chad

107



TUA-TUZ Cote d IvoireTVA-TXZ FranceTYA-TYZ BeninTZA-TZZ Mali

UAA-UIZ Russian FederationUJA-UMZ UzbekistanUNA-UQZ KazakhstanURA-UZZ Ukraine

V2A-V2Z Antigua, BarbudaV3A-V3Z BelizeV4A-V4Z Saint Kitts, NevisV5A-V5Z NamibiaV6A-V6Z MicronesiaV7A-V7Z Marshall IslandsV8A-V8Z Brunei DarussalamVAA-VGZ CanadaVHA-VNZ AustraliaVOA-VOZ CanadaVPA-VQZ United KingdomVRA-VRZ HongkongVSA-VSZ United KingdomVTA-VWZ IndiaVXA-VYZ CanadaVZA-VZZ Australia

WAA-WZZ USA

XAA-XIZ MexicoXJA-XOZ CanadaXPA-XPZ DenmarkXQA-XRZ ChileXSA-XSZ ChinaXTA-XTZ Burkina Faso

XUA-XUZ CambodiaXVA-XVZ Viet NamXWA-XWZ LaoXXA-XXZ MacaoXYA-XZZ MyanmarY2A-Y9Z GermanyYAA-YAZ AfghanistanYBA-YHZ IndonesiaYIA-YIZ IraqYJA-YJZ VanuatuYKA-YKZ SyrianYLA-YLZ LatviaYMA-YMZ TurkeyYNA-YNZ NicaraguaYOA-YRZ RomaniaYSA-YSZ El SalvadorYTA-YUZ Serbia, MontenegroYVA-YYZ VenezuelaYZA-YZZ Serbia, Montenegro

Z2A-Z2Z ZimbabweZ3A-Z3Z MacedoniaZAA-ZAZ AlbaniaZBA-ZJZ United KingdomZKA-ZMZ New ZealandZNA-ZOZ United KingdomZPA-ZPZ ParaguayZQA-ZQZ United KingdomZRA-ZUZ South AfricaZVA-ZZZ Brazil

GLAD www.itu.int

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http://www.itu.int


17 Maritime Radio Equipment

17.1 Manufacturer

Examples of manufacturers of maritime radio equipment.

17.1.1 EPIRB

ACR www.acrelectronics.com

GME www.gme.net.au

McMurdo www.mcmurdo.co.uk

Global-C www.navtec.de

Vector www.nationalrf.com

Tron www.jotron.com

SeaMarshall www.seamarshall.com

Kanad www.serpe-iesm.com

Standguard www.stanguard.com

17.1.2 MES

Furuno www.furuno.com

JRC www.jrc.co.jp

Thrane & Thrane Sailor www.thrane.com

17.1.3 NAVTEX

Frisnit www.frisnit.com


ICS www.icselectronics.co.uk

ISY www.isy-gmbh.de

JMC www.japan-marina.co.jp

JRC www.jrc.co.jp


Morer www.moerer.de

Nasa www.nasamarine.com

Trapp www.navtex.de

109


http://www.acrelectronics.com

http://www.gme.net.au

http://www.mcmurdo.co.uk

http://www.navtec.de

http://www.nationalrf.com

http://www.jotron.com

http://www.seamarshall.com

http://www.serpe-iesm.com

http://www.stanguard.com

http://www.furuno.com

http://www.jrc.co.jp

http://www.thrane.com

http://www.frisnit.com


http://www.icselectronics.co.uk

http://www.isy-gmbh.de

http://www.japan-marina.co.jp



http://www.moerer.de

http://www.nasamarine.com

http://www.navtex.de


17.1.4 RT DSC

Alan www.alan-germany.com

Barret www.barrettcommunications.com.au

Cobra www.cobra.com

DEBEG www.sam-electronics.de


Hagenuk Skanti www.hdw-hagenuk.de

ICOM www.icomeurope.com

JMC www.japan-marina.co.jp

JRC www.jrc.co.jp

M-Tech www.pony-electric.co.jp


Plastimo www.plastimo.de

President www.president-electronics.com

Raymarine www.raymarine.com

Ross www.l-3com.com

Sailor www.thrane.com

SAM Electronics DEBEG www.stnatlas.nl

Samyung www.samyungenc.com

Silva www.silva.se

Simrad www.simradyachting.com

Standard www.standardhorizon.com

Thrane & Thrane Sailor www.thrane.com

Uniden www.uniden.com

17.1.5 SART

ACR www.acrelectronics.com

Tron www.jotron.com


Samyung www.samyungenc.com

Simrad www.simrad.com

110


http://www.alan-germany.com

http://www.barrettcommunications.com.au

http://www.cobra.com

http://www.sam-electronics.de


http://www.hdw-hagenuk.de

http://www.icomeurope.com

http://www.japan-marina.co.jp


http://www.pony-electric.co.jp


http://www.plastimo.de

http://www.president-electronics.com

http://www.raymarine.com

http://www.l-3com.com


http://www.stnatlas.nl

http://www.samyungenc.com

http://www.silva.se

http://www.simradyachting.com

http://www.standardhorizon.com


http://www.uniden.com

http://www.acrelectronics.com

http://www.jotron.com


http://www.samyungenc.com

http://www.simrad.com


17.2 Simulator

Boatdriver www.boatdriver.ch

COAA www.coaa.co.uk

e-GOC www.e-goc.com

HB9RXC hb9rxc.tripod.com

IC-Soft www-ic-soft.info

Mercator www.mercator-publishing.com

Transas www.transas.com

TransOceana www.transoceana.com

111


http://www.boatdriver.ch

http://www.coaa.co.uk

http://www.e-goc.com

http://hb9rxc.tripod.com

http://www-ic-soft.info

http://www.mercator-publishing.com

http://www.transas.com

http://www.transoceana.com


18 Abbreviations

AAIC Accounting Authority Identification CodeAC Alternating CurrentAF Audio Frequency (=NF)Ah AmperestundenAIS Automatic Identification SystemALRS Admirality List of Radio SignalsAM AmplitudenmodulationAORE Atlantic Ocean Region EstAORW Atlantic Ocean Region WestARQ Automatic Reception RequestASM At Sea Maintainance

BAKOM Bundesamt fur KommunikationBFO Beat Frequency OscillatorBIC Beacon Identification CodeBMVIT Bundesministerium fur Verkehr, Innovation

und TechnologieBNetzA Bundes NetzagenturBRT Bruttoregistertonne (12ft3 = 2,83m3 = GRT)BRZ Bruttoraumzahl (BRT * Bewertungsfaktor)BSH Bundesamt fur Seeschifffahrt und Hydrografie

CES Coast Earth Stations (=LES)CG Coast GuardCOG Course Over GroundCOLREG Collision Regulations (=KVR)COMSAR Communication SARCOSPAS Cosmicheskaya Sistyema Poiska Avariynich SudovCQ all stationsCS Coast Station

112



DC Direct CurrentDE this isDGPS Differential GPSDGzRS Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Rettung SchiffbruchigerDMG Distress Message GeneratorDMYV Deutscher Motor-Yacht VerbandDNIC Data Network Identification CodeDOE Duplication Of EquipmentDSC Digital Selective CallingDSV Deutscher Segler-VerbandDTG Date and Time Group DDHHMMDW Dual WatchDX long distance

ECDIS Electronic Chart Display Information SystemEGC Enhanced Group CallEHF Extra High FrequencyELF Extreme Low FrequencyELT Emergency Locator TransmitterENID EGC Network Identification codeEPIRB Emergency Position Indicating Radio BeaconETA Estimated Time of ArrivalETE Estimated Time EnrouteETD Estimated Time of Departure

FEC Forward Error CorrectionFM FrequenzmodulationFMB FernmeldebehordeFSK Frequency Shift KeyingFZG Funker-ZeugnisgesetzFZGV Funker-Zeugnisgesetz GebuhrenverordnungFZV Funker-Zeugnis Durchfuhrungsverordnung

113



GEOSAR Geostationary Earth Orbit Search And RescueGFR GoldfrankenGMDSS Global Maritime Distress and Safety SystemGOC General Operator CertificationGPS Global Positioning SystemGRT Gross ton (=BRT)GW Grenzwelle (=MF)

HF High Frequency (=KW)

IAMSAR International Aeronautical and MaritimeSearch and Rescue

ICAO International Civil Aviation OrganisationIHO International Hydrographic OrganisationIMN INMARSAT Mobile NumberIMO International Maritime OrganizationINMARSAT International Maritime SatelliteIOR Indic Ocean RegionISDN Integrated Services Digital NetworkISSV Internationals Schiffs-Sicherheits Vertrag (=SOLAS)ITU International Telecommunication Union (=UIT)

JachtZulVO Jachtzulassungsverordnung

KVR Kollisionsverhutungsregeln (=COLREG)KW Kurzwelle (=HF)

LEOSAR Low Earth Orbit Search And RescueLES Land Earth Station (=CES)LF Low Frequency (=LW)LORAN Long Range NavigationLRC Long Range CertificationLSB Lower Side BandLUT Local User TerminalLW Langwelle (=LF)

114



MARS Maritime moblie Access and Retrieval SystemMAYDAY RT distress signalMCC Mission Control CentreMCA Maritime and Coastguard AgencyMES Mobile Earth Station (=SES)MF Medium Frequenzy (=MW)MID Maritim Identification DigitMSN Mercant Shipping NoticeMW Mittelwelle (=MF)MARS Maritime mobile Access and Retrieval SystemMOB Man Over BoardMMSI Maritime Mobile Service IdentifyMPDS Mobile Packet Data ServiceMRCC Maritime Rescue Co-ordination CentreMRSC Maritime Rescue Sub CentreMSI Maritime Safty Information

NAVAREA Navigational AreaNAVTEX Naval TelexNBDP Narrow Band Direct PrintingNF NiederfrequenzNOAA National Oceanic & Athmospheric AdministrationNX navigational information

OCC Operation Control CentreOSB Oberste Schifffahrts BehordeOSC On-Scene Commander

PAN PAN RT urgency signalPLB Personal Locator BeaconPM PhasenmodulationPOB Person Over BoardPOR Pazific Ocean RegionPSDN Public Switched Data NetworkPSTN Public Switched Telephone NetworkPTT Push To Talk

115



RADAR Radio Aided Detection And RangingRCC Rescue Co-ordination CentreRDF Radio Direction FindingROC Restricted Operator CertificationRR Radio Regulations (=VOFunk)RRR Received MaydayRT Radio TelephoneRTE Radar Target EnhancerRTTY Radio Tele TYpingRX Receiver

SA Selective AvailabilitySAC Special Access CodeSAR Search And RescueSARSAT Search And Rescue Satellit Aided TrackingSART Search And Rescue TransponderSATCOM Satellite CommunicationSBM Shore Based MaintainanceSDR Spezial Drawing Right (=SZR)SECURITE RT safety signalSES Ship Earth Station (=MES)SHF Super High FrequencySOG Speed Over GroundSOS Safe Our SoulsSOLAS Safety Of Life At Sea (=ISSV)SQ SquelchSRC Short Range CertificationSS Ship StationSSB Single Side BandSTCW Standards of Training, Certification

and Watchkeeping of seafarersSZR Sonderziehungsrechte (=SDR)

116



TKG TelekommunikationsgesetzTKGV TelekommunikationsgebuhrenverordnungTL Traffic ListTR Travel ReportTSS Traffic Separtion Scheme (=VTG)TX Transmitter

UBI Deutsches UKW BinnenfunkzeugnisUBZ UKW BetriebzeugnisUHF Ultra High FrequencyUIT Union Internationale des Telecommunications (=ITU)UKW Ultrakurzwelle (=VHF)UN United NationsUSB Upper Side BandUSCG United States Coast GuardUTC Universal Time Coordinated

VC Volume ControlVDU Video Display UnitVFO Variable Frequency OszillatorVHF Very High Frequency (=UKW)VLF Very Low FrequencyVTG Verkehrstrennungsgebiet (=TSS)VTS Vessel Traffic ServiceVOFunk Vollzugsordnung fur den Funkdienst (=RR)

WMO World Meteorological OranisationWWNWS World Wide Navigational Warning ServiceWX weather information

ZX Zeitinformation

117


40440455-GMDSS-Gantioler-2009-10

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