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Design optimization of Post Insulator Design optimization of Post Insulator in Voltage Indicating System of in Voltage Indicating System of

Medium Voltage SwitchgearMedium Voltage Switchgear

-Presented by Shashwat S. Basutkar

M.Tech (Power system)College Of Engg.Pune

ContentsContentsIntroductionVoltage Indicating SystemPartial Discharge SensorSimulation ModelValidationConclusion & Future scopeReferences

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IntroductionIntroductionTotal installed

capacity(Generation):: India:185497 MW.The electricity consumption per

capita for India is 566 kWh. Development of transmission line in India

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IntroductionIntroduction

Problems: a)Power shortage.

b)Power quality problems.Current solutions:

Industry maintains auxillary supply. For domestic purpose inverters are maintained. Use of reliable switchgears.

Trend of SMART grid.

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SwitchgearSwitchgearIt consists of:-

◦ LV compartment◦ Withdrawable Trolley◦ Potential Transformer◦ Explosion Vent◦ Current Transformer◦ Surge Arrester◦ Earth Bus◦ Power pack.◦ Circuit Breaker

One of the key component in LV compartment is

Voltage Indicating System.

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Challenges before every Challenges before every switchgear manufacturerswitchgear manufacturer

Partial Discharge problem.Space required for switchgear

panel.Cost optimization.

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Voltage Indicating SystemVoltage Indicating SystemThe Voltage Indicator System = Capacitive Post Insulator + An

electronic unit. Epoxy post insulator plays vital

role in voltage indicator with in-built capacitive voltage divider as well.

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Epoxy post insulator in VISEpoxy post insulator in VISEpoxy post insulators are

installed where voltage is present.

Till now, those post insulators with capacitive divider are having low capacitance.

As per IEC 61243-5,it should be within range of 74-88pF.

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WORKING PRINCIPLEWORKING PRINCIPLE

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Problem of Partial Problem of Partial DischargeDischargeMajority of switchgear failure

(22%) is due to partial discharge.In proposed design ,it will be less

effective.More immune to voltage

fluctuation.

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PD SensorPD SensorCoupling CapacitorRFCT

Geometry design of post Geometry design of post insulatorinsulator

Geometry design of post Geometry design of post insulatorinsulator

Simulation modelSimulation model

28pF Capacitive Post Insulator

Simulation modelSimulation modelParameter Initial

Values (mm) for

50pF

Achieved Values

(mm) for 60 pF

P1 8 11.486

P2 42 239.995

P3 40 15.001

P4 20 29.3

P5 246 220.5

P6 270 245.5

P7 296 270.5

P8 13 R1.5

P9 13 R1.5

P10 13 R1.5

P11 20 21.5

P12 20 21.5

P13 20 21.515

Practical ModelPractical Model

50pF Capacitive Post Insulator

Simulation of Proposed Simulation of Proposed designdesign

60pF Capacitive Post Insulator

Optimization AlgorithmOptimization Algorithm

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Start

Initial parametric model of insulator

For N=1 to MAX_GE

N

A

C

A

Preparation of the model in the pre-

processor

Evaluate the objective function

f(x)

Calculation of capacitance & electrical field

strength

FEM solver of MAXWELL software

Meshing of geometry

B

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f(x) < of require

d conditio

n

B

Use respective

Optimization technique algorithm

Optimal insulator’s geometry

YE

S

End

End

NO

C

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Objective FunctionObjective Function

8 3 2 6 41 1.9836*10 * 0.0041* 5.6480*10 * 5.175*10P x x x

8 83 2 6 63 1.889*10 * 7.106*10 * 1.144*10 * 6.9*10P x x x

10 73 2 54 9.05*10 * 9.69*10 * 5.749*10 * 0.001007P x x x

9 52 9.23*10 * 6.942*10P x

Optimization Set ValuesOptimization Set Values

Parameters

Weighing Factor

Initial value (mm)

Min. Value(mm)

Max.Value (mm)

Final value(mm)

P1 0.4 8 8 11.5 11.486

P2 0.5 42 42 240 239.995

P3 0.0001 40 15 40 15.001

P4 - 20 16 33.8 29.3

ValidationValidationTechnical Features:

◦High voltage :......................................... 33 kV

◦ Primary Capacitance ..............60 pF+/- 5%

◦Partial Discharge < 10pC at 21kV

◦Dielectric strength :............................40 kV

Space and Cost Space and Cost OptimizationOptimizationThe typical height of post

insulator is optimized from 330mm to 300mm.

If such kind of insulators are manufactured in bulk quantity then the cost/insulator gets reduces to 50% of that much of manufacturing of one post insulator.

Reduction of height fromReduction of height from330mm to 300mm330mm to 300mm

BeforeBefore AfterAfter

ConclusionConclusionProvides safe insulation as

support insulator.A prototype post insulator has

been built and successfully tested with High Voltage test and Partial Discharge test.

Optimization of space and cost is achieved.

ConclusionConclusionParamete

rsExisting

(ECS)NTGM36N

3(ABB)

KEVA(ABB)

Proposed

Capacitance

50pF - - 60pF

Voltage(kV)

33 36 24 33

O.D.(mm) 67 95 148 90

Height(mm)

330 310 210 300

Volume (Approx.)(mm^3)

1163465.277

2197347.712

3612705.888

1908517.537

Weight(Kg) 2.5 2.8 4 5.34

Space requireme

ntP.U.

1 1.8886 2.1051 1.6403

Future scopeFuture scopeThe same post insulator with

some modification can be used as partial discharge sensor.

Fault can be detected internally for the switchgear panel with the help of this system.

Improvement of quality/cost ratio.

ReferencesReferences P.Garg, “Energy scenario and vision 2020 in India,”

Journal of Sustainable Energy & Environment 3 (2012) 7-17, 2012.

“Ministry of Power, annual report,” 2011-12. “IEEE standard definition for power switchgear.” IEEE

std.(C37.100), 1992. M. Imming and H. Engberson, “Fixed or withdrawable

switchgear,” Drawings of MV switchgear Panel. I. Ticar, P. Kitak, A. Stermecki, J. Pihler, O. Biro, and K.

Preis, “Comparison between ‘cut and try approach’ and automated optimization procedure when modeling the MV switchgear,” in Proceedings of IASME/WSEAS International conference on Energy and environment, (Slovenia), May 2007.

ReferencesReferences E. Barkanov, Introduction To Finite Element Method. 2001. I. Ticar, P. Kitak, A. Stermecki, J. Pihler, O. Biro, C. Magele,

and K. Preis, “Use of optimization algorithm in designing MV switchgear insulation elements,” IEEE transaction on magnetics, vol. 42, April 2006.

ELECTRONSYSTEM, HVDO-Voltage Detecting System, 2008. ELECTRONSYSTEM, HVD3-Voltage Detecting System, 2013. “Predictive diagnostics for switchgear,” tech. rep., Eaton

Corporation, USA, March 2008. Dynamic Ratings, Radio Frequency Current Transformers. “Technical notes on ansys 3D maxwell.” “Technical notes on ansys 3D maxwell field calculator.” I. Ticar, P. Kitak, A. Stermecki, and J. Pihler, “Virtual design

of insulation elements based on FEM and automated optimization process,” tech. rep., Graz University of Technology,2005.

Any questions ?Any questions ?

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