4 types of implementing information systems

4 types of implementing information systems

•Direct•Phased•Pilot•Parallel

Direct implementation:New replaces old in one goChange over

done in one operation

Done on set date, usually at a quiet period

Phased implementation:System brought into company in stages

If first phase is successful, then second phase started

Leading onto final phase when new system replaces old

Pilot implementation:System replaces in one operation, but on a small scale

The pilot is extended until it replaces the old system

A pilot is sometimes tried in one branch, or in one location, then implemented across the company

Parallel running implementation:The old and the new systems run alongside each other

Both operate independentlyIf it goes well, the old

system is stopped

Implementation methods Scenario 1

• Scenario – A local GP surgery has recently had a new computerised system install to replace the outdated paper based record keeping system.

• Taking in to account the variables listed on the next slide; in groups of two discuss which of the implementation methods outlined earlier would be most suitable to use during the implementation stage for this system.

The Variables

• The staff are off mixed ability and ranging in age from late 20’s to early 50’s.

• Some of the latest booking made have not been inputted in to the new system.

Exam Style Question

• A company which produces gardening tools such as spades, forks, rakes, hoes and wheelbarrows is installing a new computer-based system in its company warehouses to help load goods onto lorries more efficiently.

• Describe two different methods the company could use to install this new system.

The role of reviews during the life of a computer-based information system

Planning

Implementation

Testing

Evaluation

Constant Review and

Evaluation

The role of reviews during the life of a computer-based information system

Planning: Explain how the importance of designing a system model that matches closely to the user's mental model.

The role of reviews during the life of a computer-based information system

Implementation: Describe the content of the design in relation to the specification.

The role of reviews during the life of a computer-based information system

Testing: Describe the purpose of testing data, the importance of testing and test plans.

The role of reviews during the life of a computer-based information system

Evaluating: Create relationship diagrams, flow charts. Constantly review and evaluate the systems effectiveness.

Summary

Planning

Implementation

Testing

Evaluation

Constant Review and

Evaluation

System Maintenance

Quick Task

• What does maintenance mean?

You have 30 seconds to write down a definition

Maintenance

Suggestions of the definition of maintenance are:

a) the state of being maintainedb) the act of maintainingc) means of upkeep, support or subsistenced) care or upkeep, as of machinery or propertye) the work of keeping something in proper condition

Definitions of Maintenance

• Perfective• Adaptive• Corrective

The three types of maintenance...

55%

25%

20%

MaintenancePerfective Adaptive Corrective

• Perfective maintenance is around 55% of the total maintenance performed

• Perfective maintenance involves improving systems to meet the needs of its users; including enhancing the system to keep it up to date and adding additional features.

Perfective

• Perfective maintenance includes:– Software upgrades– Scheduled maintenance– Preventative maintenance (cleaning up of code)– Fulfilling the requests of users

What examples can you think of? Think about systems you have came across in school or at work?

Perfective

• Adaptive maintenance is around 25% of the total maintenance performed

• Adaptive maintenance keeps the system up to date with rules, regulations and legislation changes

Adaptive

Adaptive• Adaptive maintenance includes:– Changes to the system to adhere to new health and

safety regulations– Changes to the system due to the installation of new

hardware or software

What examples can you think of? Think about systems you have came across in school or at work?

• Corrective maintenance is around 20% of the total maintenance performed

• Corrective maintenance encompasses rectifying malfunctions and failures within the system

Corrective

Corrective Corrective maintenance includes:◦ Fixing errors◦ Removing viruses

What examples can you think of? Think about systems you have came across in school or at work?