Can Peak-LAI be used as an appropriate index to estimate wheat performance under weed competition ? Saeid Soufizadeh , Eskandar Zand, Mohammad Ali Baghestani, Mohammad Bannayan, Reza Deihimfard Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran .
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Can Peak-LAI be used as an appropriate index to
estimate wheat performance under weed
competition?
Saeid Soufizadeh, Eskandar Zand, Mohammad Ali Baghestani,
Mohammad Bannayan, Reza Deihimfard
Dept. of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.
Middle East
- Has an arid climate in which most of the relatively scant annual precipitation falls from October through April
Iran
- One of the only countries in the world which has the complete four seasons.
- Yearly precipitation averages 25 centimeters or less:
Less than 10 centimeters in the Central Plateau; More than 100 centimeters in the Caspian Coastal Plain
- The most important winter cereal grown in Iran
- Area under cultivation: 6.2 mha- Annual production: 14.5 mt
- Ranks second after maize in the world cereal output
Wheat:
Introduction
Weeds in wheat crop compete with the crop for nutrients, water, and light as with other crops.
Weeds are more competitive when moisture is limiting and especially under drought situation;
when young wheat does not compete well with weeds.
Weeds are one of the most important factors that reduce the wheat yield in Iran.
Reported wheat yield loss in Iran due to weeds: 30%
So, why control?
- Crop competition
- Prevent economic loss
- Hosts for insects and diseases
Weeds infesting wheat in Iran
Grass weeds
Avena fatua Phalaris minor
Secale cereale
Lolium rigidum
Hordeum spontaneum
Weeds infesting wheat in Iran
Broadleaved weeds
Eruca sativa Sisymbrium officinale
Sinapis arvensis
Cirsium arvense
Galium aparine
Weed management strategies
Identify weed, life cycle, habitat
Integrated weed management
Preventive
Physical
Cultural
Biological
Chemical
Enhancing crop competitiveness is one of the promising approaches
toward IWM and toward decreasing herbicide consumption.
Factors affecting weed competition:
- Timing of emergence
- Growth form
- Weed density
- Duration of competition
- Physiological basis of competition
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Weed competition affecting by growth form:
Root developmentHeightLeaf areaPlant growth rate
Distinct competitive advantage
Rapid growthLonger period of initial growthTallDense canopyGreater leaf area
Our aim:To asses the competitive ability of the Iranian wheat cultivars released within different eras in response to weeds.
Our research question:
Can Peak-LAI be used as an appropriate and easy-to-measure index to estimate wheat performance under weed competition?
Materials and methods
Site description:
8 field experiments at two locations in 2003-2004.