4 presentation biobriquette-sri_i_endahagustina

BIO BRIQUETTEBIO BRIQUETTE

ByBy

S. Endah AgustinaS. Endah Agustina

-lab.energy & rural electrification, lab.energy & rural electrification, Faculty of Agricultural Technology – Bogor Agricultural Univ. Faculty of Agricultural Technology – Bogor Agricultural Univ.

- - Indonesian renewable energy society Indonesian renewable energy society

Oil resourcesdepletion

IncreasingDemand

High oilprice

No subsidy

Energy security+ 5% RE in 2020

Role of Biomassas Renewable Energy resources

environment

WHYWHYBIO-BRIQUETTE ??BIO-BRIQUETTE ??

BiomassBiomass

Current situation subst.priorityCurrent situation subst.priority

Energy for transportationEnergy for transportation ((petroleum oil, diesel oil, petroleum oil, diesel oil, gasgas)) bio-diesel, gasohol (methanol), liquid coal bio-diesel, gasohol (methanol), liquid coal

ElectricityElectricity (hydro, geothermal, coal, gas/LNG, (hydro, geothermal, coal, gas/LNG, diesel oildiesel oil) ) hydro, geothermal, solar, coal, hybridhydro, geothermal, solar, coal, hybrid

Energy for thermal process (industries & Energy for thermal process (industries & households)households)

((kerosenekerosene, LPG, fuel wood, coal, biomass waste ), LPG, fuel wood, coal, biomass waste ) biomass wastebiomass waste, fuel wood, solar, LPG, , fuel wood, solar, LPG, bio-oil, coal bio-oil, coal

Biomass Waste PotencyBiomass Waste Potency

BIOMASS WASTE POTENCYBIOMASS WASTE POTENCY

Biomass energy conversion technologyBiomass energy conversion technology

oil extraction (bio-oil, bio-diesel)oil extraction (bio-oil, bio-diesel)

hydrolysis & fermentation (ethanol)hydrolysis & fermentation (ethanol)

an aerobic digestion (biogas/methane)an aerobic digestion (biogas/methane)

Biomass &Biomass &

Biomass waste pyrolysis & gasification (combust.gas)Biomass waste pyrolysis & gasification (combust.gas)

slow pyrolysis (charcoal, solid fuel)slow pyrolysis (charcoal, solid fuel)

briquettingbriquetting (solid fuel)(solid fuel)

direct combustion direct combustion

Biomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in IndonesiaBiomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in Indonesia

Biomass typeBiomass type Current usagesCurrent usages Promoting as energyPromoting as energy

Rice husk (w)Rice husk (w) Stove/furnace fuel, briquette, gas Stove/furnace fuel, briquette, gas producer feedstock, charcoal, producer feedstock, charcoal, cult.media, packaging materialscult.media, packaging materials

Solid fuel (briquetteSolid fuel (briquette),), gas producer feedstockgas producer feedstock

Rice straw (w)Rice straw (w) Cult.media, art/paper/packaging Cult.media, art/paper/packaging materials, animal feed, soil impr.materials, animal feed, soil impr.

Bagasse (w)Bagasse (w) Boiler’s fuel (Cogen system), Boiler’s fuel (Cogen system), briquette, briquette, fertilizerfertilizer

Boiler’s fuel, Boiler’s fuel, solid fuel solid fuel (briquette)(briquette)

CornCorn Food, animal feed, cooking oilFood, animal feed, cooking oil EthanolEthanol

Corn cobs (w)Corn cobs (w) Stove fuelStove fuel Solid fuelSolid fuel

Coconut shell (w)Coconut shell (w) Stove/furnace fuel, charcoal, Stove/furnace fuel, charcoal, activated carbon, art materials, activated carbon, art materials, home applianceshome appliances

Solid fuel,Gas producer Solid fuel,Gas producer feedstockfeedstock

Coconut fiber (w)Coconut fiber (w) Furniture & packaging materialsFurniture & packaging materials

Tapioca waste Tapioca waste (w)(w)

-------- Solid fuel (briquette)Solid fuel (briquette)

Biomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in Indonesia (cont.)Biomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in Indonesia (cont.)

Biomass typeBiomass type Current usagesCurrent usages Promoting as energyPromoting as energy

Crude Palm Oil /CPOCrude Palm Oil /CPO Cooking oil, food & cosmetic, Cooking oil, food & cosmetic, chemical productchemical product

Bio-dieselBio-diesel

CPO sludge (w)CPO sludge (w) Animal feedAnimal feed Solid fuel (briquette)Solid fuel (briquette)

Palm fiber (w)Palm fiber (w) Boiler’s fuel (Co-gen system)Boiler’s fuel (Co-gen system) Boiler’s fuelBoiler’s fuel

Palm shells (w)Palm shells (w) odor agent (chemical prod), odor agent (chemical prod), vinegar, road hardenervinegar, road hardener

Gas producer Gas producer feedstockfeedstock

Wood waste (w)Wood waste (w) Stove fuel, charcoal, gas Stove fuel, charcoal, gas producer feedstock,producer feedstock, particle particle board.board.

Charcoal, gas producer Charcoal, gas producer feedstock, feedstock, briquettebriquette

Saw dust (w)Saw dust (w) Stove fuelStove fuel Solid fuel (charcoal bri-Solid fuel (charcoal bri- quette),quette), gas producer gas producer feedstockfeedstock

Rubber woodRubber wood Furnace fuel (Rubber smoked Furnace fuel (Rubber smoked process),process), furniture furniture

Furnace fuelFurnace fuel

Waste of food/agric Waste of food/agric processing (w)processing (w)

Animal feedstock.Animal feedstock. Bio gas, Bio gas, briquettebriquette

Municipal waste (w)Municipal waste (w) ------ Power plant feedstock, Power plant feedstock,

SOME OF POTENTIAL BIOMASS WASTE SOME OF POTENTIAL BIOMASS WASTE

NoNo Products or Products or commoditiescommodities

Type of biomass Type of biomass wastewaste

PotencyPotency

11 paddypaddy strawstraw 5000 ton/ton paddy5000 ton/ton paddy

22 Rice Rice Rice huskRice husk 280 kg/ton paddy280 kg/ton paddy

33 cassavacassava stalksstalks 800 kg/ton cassava800 kg/ton cassava

44 corncorn Corn cobsCorn cobs NANA

55 coconutcoconut Fiber/huskFiber/husk 280 kg/ton coconut280 kg/ton coconut

66 coconutcoconut Coconut shellCoconut shell 150 kg/ton coconut150 kg/ton coconut

77 rubberrubber Wood (replanting)Wood (replanting) 1500 m3/Ha replant1500 m3/Ha replant

88 cacaocacao Cacao shellsCacao shells NANA

99 Palm oilPalm oil Wood (replanting)Wood (replanting) 74.5 ton/Ha replant74.5 ton/Ha replant

1010 Palm oilPalm oil FrondsFronds 24.84 ton/Ha24.84 ton/Ha

1111 Palm oilPalm oil FEBFEB 200 kg/ton FFB200 kg/ton FFB

1212 Palm oilPalm oil Fiber and shellFiber and shell 420 kg/ton CPO420 kg/ton CPO

1313 Processed woodProcessed wood Saw dustSaw dust 203 041.6 m3/year203 041.6 m3/year

1414 Processed woodProcessed wood Other wood wastesOther wood wastes 1 827 373.7 m3/year1 827 373.7 m3/year

1515 Sugar caneSugar cane BagasseBagasse 280 kg/ton sugar280 kg/ton sugar

Several kinds of bio-briquetteSeveral kinds of bio-briquette

Bagasse briquette

Rice husk briquette

Briquette made fromCPO & PKO productionwaste

How to make bio-briquette?How to make bio-briquette?

Raw materialpreparation

Raw material

Pyrolysis(charcoal)

Densificationprocess

B r i q u e t t e s

Drying, sortation,grinding,mixing

Simple manual briquette machine

Simple manual briquette machine

Studentsinnovation

Studentsinnovation

Semi-mechanic briquette machineSemi-mechanic briquette machine

Rice husk charcoal briquette

Rice husk charcoal briquette

Briquette machine,Developed by AIT

Comparation of bio-briquettes with Comparation of bio-briquettes with other biomass wastesother biomass wastes

NoNo Kind of fuelKind of fuel Heating value Heating value (KJ/kg)(KJ/kg)

11

22

Sugarcane waste (sludge) Sugarcane waste (sludge) briquettebriquette

Rice husk charcoal briquetteRice husk charcoal briquette

1763817638

1329013290

33

44CPO waste (sludge/mud) briquetteCPO waste (sludge/mud) briquette

Saw dust briquetteSaw dust briquette1089610896

1870918709

55

66Grass briquetteGrass briquette

Coconut shell charcoalCoconut shell charcoal1624716247

1842818428

77

88Corn cobsCorn cobs

Corn cobs charcoal briquetteCorn cobs charcoal briquette1545515455

2017420174

99

1010Wood fuel (acasia)Wood fuel (acasia)

BambooBamboo1727017270

1750317503

Bio-briquette as kerosene & LPG Bio-briquette as kerosene & LPG substitutionsubstitution

Disadvantages:Disadvantages: 1. change stove1. change stove 2. adaptation 2. adaptation 3. inconvenience3. inconvenience

Advantages:Advantages: 1. cheaper (or free) 1. cheaper (or free) 2. Stove can be use with many2. Stove can be use with many kinds of bio-briquettekinds of bio-briquette 3. Green energy3. Green energy 4. Renewable energy4. Renewable energy 5. reducing environmental problem causing by5. reducing environmental problem causing by unhandled wastes. unhandled wastes.

Thank youThank you