4-H-397-W Geology 3

Geology 3

PURDUE EXTENSION4-H-397-W

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Geology Division III

The 4-H Geology project helps youth learn about rocks, fossils, and minerals. Geology offers many exciting experiences, from collecting interesting rocks, fossils, and minerals to cutting and polishing gems. Youth are encouraged to take responsibility for their geology collections. They can enhance their learning by consulting resources on the Internet, at school, at the library, and especially on the Indiana Geological Survey Web site (http://igs.indiana.edu/) for help with identifi cation and background information.

Geology III encourages continued expansion of individual interests and experi-ences. Each 4-H member will select the area in which they plan to specialize. They may collect, study, and identify rocks, minerals, or fossils and prepare an exhibit.

Geology III encourages youth to

• use their experiences and resources gained in Geology I & II as a foundation for Geology III (4-Hers that are beginning the geology project with Geology III may want to borrow the Division I and II for review);• develop the habit of asking questions and searching for answers;• develop an understanding of earth science;• make decisions based upon experiences, new knowledge, facts, and observations.

Geology Division III was written for youth interested in broadening their knowledge about rocks, fossils and/or minerals. This project offers the opportunity to

• continue collecting and studying rocks, fossils and/or minerals;• go on fi eld trips and continue to collect and study specimens;• build and expand upon your experiences in Divisions I and II by specializing and expanding your rock, fossil or mineral collection;• teach others about rocks, minerals, or fossils by doing an Action Demonstration.

Purdue University Staff Contributing to PublicationWilliam E. Caldwell; Dave Matthew; Don Schuder; C. E. HoxsieRevised by Edward L. FrickeyRevised by Natalie Carroll, 2004

Note to Parents and Leaders

Experiential learning distinguishes 4-H activities from many other educational methods. Activities are designed so youth experience a learning activity, refl ect on what they did (explore the meaning of the activity), generalize what they learned (to test the 4-Hers comprehension and appre-ciation of the activity), and then think about how they can apply what they learned to other situations (generalize). You can help guide youth as they explore each activity by discussing each section.

Purpose

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4-H Geology Project Division IIIMaking a 4-H Geology Collection

Collect (or expand your collection of) rocks, minerals, or fossils. Be sure to record the required information on your “Specimen Record Sheet” and the “Field Trip Record Sheet” as you are developing your collection. Complete the “4-H Club Record Sheet,” if you are enrolled in the 4-H geology project.

You will probably need to use outside resources to complete your geology collec-tion. Resource materials will help you fi nd the following:

• Information on rocks, fossils, and minerals–look for reference books, magazines, or for information on the Internet, or talk to people you know. Additional sources of information may be available in your school and community libraries. As you be-come more specialized in geology, you will need to locate and consult many references.• Collecting equipment–look for different types of equipment and information about how to use it.• Safe handling of specimens and equipment–some specimens require specifi c equipment and handling procedures.• Suggested information for doing a geology demonstrations–guidelines for present-ing an Action Demonstration are given in this manual.

You can share what you have learned by exhibiting at a local show, a community or county fair. Your county handbook will list the guide-lines for your county fair. The very best geology exhibits are chosen to represent your county at the Indiana State Fair. The state fair ex-hibit guidelines (usually the same as the county guidelines) can be found at http://www.four-h.purdue.edu/.

Specimens should be selected and glued to the cards with a general-purpose household cement or other strong material. Cards are found in this manual. Fill in the card completely, giving the information asked for, and arrange them on the larger board to make a well balanced display. The judge may want to test some of the specimens with acid or examine them closely with a hand lens.

Geology exhibits are judged on the following items:

• Correct identifi cation• Specimen condition• Required information (learning experiences and card information): complete and accurate• Neatness, arrangement• Placement, background

Your Exhibit

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Give a Geology DemonstrationA demonstration is a way to show or tell others how to do or make something. You can share many interesting things about your 4-H Geology project with others through demonstrations. Your demonstration will be more interesting to your audi-ence if you make it an Action Demonstration (Action Demo). An action demo is a fun way to share what you have learned in your 4-H project. It’s a kind of “Show and Tell.” In an action demo the audience does more than sit and listen to a prepared talk, they get involved. Action demonstrations can be given wherever people gather, such as at a county or state fair, shopping mall, street fair, or any 4-H event. Your job as a demonstrator is to interest the audience in your topic so that they stop and learn something new or try their hand at what you are doing.

You might demonstrate how to

• prepare specimens for exhibit;• use safety precautions in geology;• use the magnifying glass to identify crystal;• test for hardness;• use the streak plate;• recognize the difference in metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary rocks;• label fossils or minerals;• store fossils and minerals.

You may be able to think of many more ways to share what you have learned in geology with the public. Be creative!

How do I choose a topic for my action demo?

An action demo can be on almost any subject. The topic should be something that you enjoy and are knowledgeable about. Consider the following questions when choosing a topic:

• Can you complete the action demon-stration in 3-5 minutes?• Can it easily be repeated over and over again to fi ll the assigned time?• Does your action demo show some-thing that would interest the general public?• Is there a good way to involve your audience in your action demo (“hands-on” or answering questions)?• Can the supplies for the “hands-on” section be used over and over again, or will you have to keep replacing them? (Remember–if the materials must be replaced, it will cost more to do the demonstration.)

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How can I get the audience involved?

The fi rst thing you need to do is be enthusiastic and attract people’s attention as they walk by your table. You might have a colorful tablecloth or poster to spark their interest. You might ask them a question, like: “Would you like to play this game?” or “Have you ever made pretzels? Would you like to try?” The best way to attract their attention is to have people around your table doing something. People love hands-on activities. Once you get a few people at your table, they will attract others.

Involve your audience by having them

• do what you are doing,• do a “hands-on” section,• judge the quality of various items,• play a game,• answer questions.

Remember–the key to a good action demo is getting your audience involved.

How long does my action demo have to be?

Your demonstration itself should last only 3-5 minutes, because most people do not like to stop to watch very long presentations. However, be prepared to repeat your action demo over and over again with different people during your assigned time.

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Topic Yes No

Was the topic interesting to the general public, causing them to stop, watch, or participate?

Did the topic stimulate questions from the audience?

Was the topic the right length?

Did the topic include something “hands-on” for the audience to do?

Organizing the Content Yes No

Was the topic organized into short “show and tell” segments, which are done repeatedly?

Were segments presented in logical order?

Were segments explained so that the audience understands “why?”

Was it evident that the 4-Her was knowledgeable about his/her sub-ject and could answer questions?

Did visuals, pictures, posters, or actual objects clarify the important ideas?

Presenting the Demonstration Yes No

Did the 4-Her seem enthusiastic?

Did the 4-Her encourage the audience to become involved in the demonstration?

Did the 4-Her speak directly to the audience?

Did the 4-Her show evidence of practice and experience?

Did the 4-Her show that she/he enjoys talking to the audience?

Did the 4-Her show enthusiasm, friendliness, and a business-like manner?

Did the 4-Her tell about what he or she learned through this 4-H project?

Comments:

Checklist for a Good Action Demo

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Name_____________________________ Age_________ Year______________

Name of Club_______________________ Year in Club Work________________

Township___________________________ County_________________________

Date Project Started__________________ Date Project Completed___________

I have reviewed this record and believe it to be correct.

Signature of Leader_______________________________ Date______________

Fill in this record, and answer the following questions about your geology project. Place this record sheet in your 4-H record book.

Keep records, pictures, and newspaper clippings of all your 4-H activities. You will want to use them in making your 4-H Club achievement record book later on.

Indiana 4-H Club Record

Record Summary

Geology Division 3

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Specimen Record – Geology III

List all the specimens you have collected for Division III.

Specimen Number

Specimen Name Date CollectedLocality Where

Found

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(Describe the soil, rock, fossils, and mineral materials observed or collected, etc.)

Place_____________________________________ Date____________________

Materials observed or collected:

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Place_____________________________________ Date____________________

Materials observed or collected:

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Place_____________________________________ Date____________________

Materials observed or collected:

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Place_____________________________________ Date____________________

Materials observed or collected:

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

Field Trips

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Web sites• Indiana Geology: http://igs.indiana.edu/geology/index.cfm• Indiana Geological Survey: http:// igs.indiana.edu/ • Indiana maps (infrastructure, demographics, environment, biology, hydrology, geology, and coal across Indiana or in your county): http://igs.indiana.edu/GISatlas• Publications from the Indiana Geological Survey: http://igs.indiana.edu/survey/publications/index.cfm

From Purdue University

• 4-H 320, Geology 1 (identifying rocks, equipment)• 4-H 378, Geology 2 (collection equipment, mineral properties, fossils)• 4-H 397, Geology 3 (suggestions for advanced study)• 4-H 428, Geology Leaders Guide (additional information for using Geology 1-3 manuals)• 4-H 418, Growing Crystals (making crystals from ‘scratch’) (5/pkg)• 4-H 419, Lapidary (explains polishing, cutting, and engraving of stones and gems) 5/pkg• 4-H 420, Fossil Models (how to make molds, casts, and models of fossils) 5/pkg• 4-H 417, Micromounts & Miniatures (how to mount very small rock specimens)• 4-H CIR5, Let’s Look at Rocks, Collecting and Identifying Rocks in Indiana

Order from:

Ag Communication Media Distribution Center231 S. University StWest Lafayette, IN 47907-2094Telephone: (888) 398-4636FAX: (765) 496-1540Email: [email protected]/new

From the Indiana Geological Survey

Examples:

• AM10, Glacial Geology of Indiana• MI01A, Summary of Indiana Geology, Slides, CD• MI02A, Minerals of Indiana, Slides, CD• MI04, Educational Services rock set (samples of Indiana rocks)• MM36, Map of Indiana showing topography of the bedrock surface scale SPG• MM37, Map of Indiana showing thickness of unconsolidated deposits• MM39, Map of Indiana showing topography of the bedrock surface• MM40, Map of Indiana showing thickness of unconsolidated deposits• MM48, Bedrock geologic map of Indiana• MM50, Map of Indiana showing bedrock geology

Publications

Resources

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• MM59, Quarternary geologic map of Indiana• MM68, Map of Indiana showing locations of coal and industrial mineral operations• MM69, Map of Indiana showing physiographic divisions.• Poster 3, Features of Indiana Caves• SPG Set (State Park Guides)

Order from:

Publication Sales Offi ce ManagerIndiana Geological Survey(812) 855-7636http://igs.indiana.edu/survey/publications/index.cfm

Web sites

Publications

Revised 1/05It is the policy of the Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, David C. Petritz, Director, that all persons shall have equal opportunity and access to the programs and facilities without regard to race, color, sex, religion, national origin, age, marital status, parental status, sexual orientation, or disability. Purdue University is an Affi rmative Action institution. This material may be available in alternative formats.1-888-EXT-INFO • http://www.ces.purdue.edu/new

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