4 g wireless tech

4G Wireless Technology

Presented By

Ankit Lad &

Mayur Chudasama

4G Wireless : Defintion

Defined by the ITU(International Telecommunication Union).

4G Networks are projected to provide speed of 100Mbps while moving and 1Gbps while stationary

4G Definition

4G is not one defined technology or standard, but rather a collection of technologies at creating fully packet-switched networks optimized for data.

0G (Zero Generation Mobile System)

At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone service was introduced, and was designed to users in cars to the public land-line based telephone network.

In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell Systems, called, Improved Mobile Telephone Service (IMTS), brought quite a few improvements such as direct dialing and more bandwidth. The very first analog systems were based upon IMTS and were created in the late 60s and early 70s.

1G Technology

1G refers to the first-generation of wireless telephone technology was developed in 1970’s.

1G had two major improvements: the invention of the microprocessor the digital transform of the control link

between the phone and the cell site. Analog signal

2G Technology

Around 1980’s

Better quality & capacity - More people could use there phones at the same time

Digital Signals – consist of 0’s & 1’s

Previous Technology - 2G

Digital – consist of 0’s and 1’s Digital signal:

1.Low level, 2.High level, 3.Rising edge

and 4.Falling edge

Technology - 2G

3G Technology

Large capacity and broadband capabilities

Allows the transmission of 384kbps for mobile systems and up to 2Mbps

Increased spectrum efficiency –5Mhz A greater number of users that can be

simultaneously supported by a radio frequency bandwidth

High data rates at lower incremental cost than 2G–Global roaming

Previous Technology - 3G

CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access

Form of multiplexing

Does not divide up the channel by time or frequency

Encodes data with a special code associated with each channel

Code Division Multiple Access

Types of Multiplexing

FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access Each phone call is allocated one

frequency for the entire duration of the call

Types of Multiplexing

TDMA - Time Division Multiple Access Each phone call is allocated a spot in the

frequency for a small amount of time, and "takes turns" being transmitted

Types of Multiplexing

CDMA - Code Division Multiple Access Each phone call is uniquely encoded and

transmitted across the entire spectrum, in a manner known as spread spectrum transmission

Reasons for New Research

Even though 3G has successfully been introduced to mobile users, there are some issues that are debated by 3G providers and users. High input fees for the 3G service licenses

Great differences in the licensing terms

3G phones are expensive

Fourth Generation

What is 4G?

Fourth Generation Technology Faster and more reliable 100 Mb/s Lower cost than previous generations Multi-standard wireless system Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless Ad Hoc Networking IPv6 Core OFDM used instead of CDMA Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n Most information is proprietary

Wireless Technology Used in 4G

OFDM UWD MILLIMETER WIRELESS SMART ANTENNAS LONG TERM POWER PREDICTION SHEDULING AMONG USERS ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND POWER

CONTROL

OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Divison Multiplexing)

OFDM, a form of multi-carrier modulation,works by diving the data stream for tranmission at a bandwidth B to N multiple and parallel bit streams, spaced B/N apart (fifure)

Communications Architecture

Broadcast layer: fix access points, (i.e.) cell tower

connected by fiber, microwave, or satellite (ISP)

Ad-hoc/hot-spot layer: wireless LANs (i.e. internet at Starbuck’s)

Communications Architecture

Personal Layer Gateway: devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone,

fax, voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs

Info-Sensor layer: environmental sensors

Fiber-optic wire layer: high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber optic

cables and repeaters

Ad Hoc Networks

Spontaneous self organization of networks of devices

Not necessarily connected to internet

4G will create hybrid wireless networks using Ad Hoc networks

Form of mesh networking–Very reliable

Enhance Mobile Gaming

Experience enhance wireless capabilities that deliver mobile gaming interaction with less than five seconds

Play online multi player games while traveling at high speeds or sitting outside

Broadband access in Remote location

4G will provide a wireless alternative for broadband access

I will provide first opportunity for broadband access in remote locations without an infrastructure to support cable or DSL access.

Application

4G car 4G and public safety Sensors in public vehicle Cameras in traffic light and traffic

control during selection , etc…

Advantages of 4G :-

Support for interactive multimedia voice, streaming video, internet & other broadband services.

IP based mobile system High speed, high capacity & low cost pet bit. Ad-hoc and multi-hop network Better spectral efficiency

Disadvantages of 4G:-

Expensive Bettery uses are more hard to implement Need complicated hardware

Thanking You