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PERANCANGAN PRODUK
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Steps of Embodiment Design
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Steps of Embodiment Design
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Embodiment Design
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Embodiment Design
The embodiment design exactly
determines the geometry of a product, anassembly or a part with all
its characteristics and features.
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Influencing Factors on Embodiment
Design
The embodiment design must consider
aspects of
force, moment and power
transmission,
the used materials and
production
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The Influence of Embodiment
Design on Costs
The embodiment design has a
significant impact on the product
costs:
the choice of materials determines
utilizable production processes
utilizable production processesdetermine the costs
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Design Dilemma
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Restrictions on the Embodiment Design
During the embodiment design phase, a
number of restrictions have to be considered:
planned quantity of produced items
planned processing time; delivery time planned costs
available stocks and supplies
disposability of staff
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Embodiment Design
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Working Surface / Working Motion
By way of arrangement of the working surfaces (lines, spaces ...) andselection of the working motion the function is enforced by application of
the relevant physical effect.
The embodiment of the workingsurface is determined and variedby
Kind Form Position
Size Number
The required working motion isdetermined by
Kind: translation - rotation Form: uniform - nonuniform Direction: in the x, y, z direction
and/or around the x, y, z axis
Amount and level of speed Number: one, several ...
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Embodiment Elements
The embodiment of a technical artefact is made up ofembodiment elements
Embodiment elements can have different degrees of complexity: points, corners, bits,
line pieces, edges, partial surfaces, components, assemblies, machines, devices, apparatus
In a techncial system, an embodiment element is thesmallest element that can still be influenced by theembodiment design.
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Levels of Complexity of Embodiment
Elements
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Complexity of Embodiment Elements
Depending on their field of responsibility,engineers handle embodiment elements of
very differerent degrees of complexity:
project engineerof a power plant:
embodiment element e. g. feed pump with aperformance of 3 MW
designerof a axle journal: radius of ball
socket of the track control arm
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Embodiment Design of Points of
Contact I
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Embodiment Design of Points of
Contact II
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Design Process acc. to VDI 2221
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Stages of the Embodiment Design
Process
The embodiment design process
has two stages:
1. qualitative embodiment design
2. quantitative embodiment design
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Qualitative/Quantitative Embodiment
Design
The embodiment elements and the structureof their arrangement are determined by way
ofqualitative embodiment design.
The dimensions of the embodiment elementsthemselves and of their angles to one another aswell as the distances between them aredetermined by way ofquantitative embodimentdesign.
F t I fl i th E b di t
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Factors Influencing the Embodiment
Design
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Enlarging the Solution Field
The solution field can be enlarged by
systematic variation of the embodimentparameters.
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Possibil ities of Variation with Principle Solutions
Working surface (geometry)
Type Point, line, surface, body
Shape Curve, circle, ellipse, hyperbola, parabola, triangle, square,rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, cylinder, cone, rhomb, cube,sphere, symmetrical, asymmetrical
Position Axial, radial, tangential, vertical, horizontal, parallel, sequentialSize Small, large, narrow, broad, tall, lowNumber Undivided, divided, simple, double, multiple
Working motions
Type Stationary, translational, rotationalNature Uniform, non-uniform, oscillating, plane or three-dimensionalDirection In x,y,z direction and/or about x,y,z axisMagnitude VelocityNumber One, several, composite movements
Basic material properties
State Solid, liquid, gaseousBehaviour Rigid, elastic, plastic, viscousForm Solid body, grains, powder, dust
acc. to Pahl/Beitz
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Variation of Working Surfaces
Pahl/Beitz
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Example: Variation of Working Surface and Motion
acc. to Niemann; 3rd edition
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Embodiment Structure
A further important embodiment parameter is
the embodiment structure.
This term refers to the relations
of the embodiment elements to each other.
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Embodiment Structure
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Embodiment Structure: Structure Diagrams
acc. to Koller
f S
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Variants of Embodiment Structures
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Influence of the Requirements List
Please note:
the most important and concrete instructions relevant for
the embodiment design are stated in the requirements list:
either directly: Restriction of building space :height