3D Printing - Scope, Opportunities and Challenges

3D PRINTINGPAVING WAY FOR NEW OPPORTUNITIES . . .

A Presentation by:

Section 3 - Group 9Ankita DwivediIshu BhatnagarKalash PastariaPankaj SharmaVarun Kathuria

AGENDA

• Introduction

• Scope

• Opportunities

• Challenges

• http://www.wimp.com/functionaltools/

INTRODUCTION

• Process of making a three-dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model.

• A materials printer usually performs 3D printing processes using digital technology.

• Additive process, where subsequent layers of materials are laid down in different shapes. Selective laser melting (SLM)

Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS)

Fused metal modeling (FMM)

Stereo lithography (SLA)

Laminated object manufacturing (LOM)

• Used for prototyping and distributed manufacturing, with applications in architecture, automotive, military, fashion, education, and many others.

• Prediction is that this development will counter globalization.

• Effects of 3D printing: Space Exploration and Firearms

SCOPE

SCOPE

• 3D printing was originally developed for rapid prototyping purposes, making one or two physical samples. A materials printer usually performs 3D printing processes using digital technology.

• According to business analysts CSC, prototyping remains the largest commercial application of the technology, accounting for some 70 percent of the 3D print market

• However, 3D printing has now started finding applications in newer fields: Concept Modeling

Functional Prototyping

Manufacturing Tooling

End-Use Parts

Finishing Applications

SCOPE - Prosthetics

SCOPE - Fabrication

SCOPE - Future• 3D Bio Printing

? Functioning human liver tissue being developed by Organovo, a San Diego-based startup.

? 3D bio-printed meat! Extending cartilage replacement techinques. ? High grade leather

• 3D Print aided mass manufacturing? Guns – a scary yet plausible reality? Automobiles – already use 3D Prototyping? Drones – lets take on the skies? Armours – high grade fibres with the strength of Kevlar

• Forensics and Medicine? Forensics are working on biological footprint techniques to retrieve critical

information about crime scenes.? Apart from prosthetics, 3D printing finds umpteen applications in the field of

medicine. Although subject to approvals, 3D Priniting is set to revolutionalize over day-to-day functioning.

OPPORTUNITIES

• Space exploration: Recently, NASA tested 3D-printed rocket engine injectors in hot-fire tests, exposing them to extreme temperatures and pressures. They passed with flying colors.

• Guns :  Defense Distributed founder Cody Wilson created and shot the first 3D printed handgun in May 2013.

• Meat and leather : The US startup Modern Meadow is working on creating meat and leather products — without killing animals.

• Virtually any food : Anjan Contractor, a mechanical engineer at Systems and Materials Research Corporation, is working on a prototype for a “universal food synthesizer.”

• House : The construction of a 6-meter tall printer called the KamerMaker (Dutch for room-maker) has already begun for printing components of a house.

OPPORTUNITIES Contd.• Medical field : A bionic ear was printed from a concoction of calf

cells and hydrogel and antennae made from nano-particles. Last year, an 83-year-old Belgian woman received the first 3D printed jaw bone, a transplant that was tailored specifically for her facial structure. 

• High fashion : MIT researchers have used 6,500 silkworms to 3D-print this ethereal silk dome-shaped pavilion covering in the cheapest way.

• A Moon base : Architecture firm Foster + Partners have paired with The European Space Agency to investigate the possibility of a 3D printed moon habitat. The material used in the printing process would be moon dust and soil that would be layered to form a building block, not unlike concrete.

CHALLENGES

• Limited Materials: High strength plastic , metals

• Questionable Accuracy: Many materials print to either +/- 0.1 mm in accuracy, meaning there is room for error.

• Size: Parts created additively through 3D printing are also limited in size.

• IPR issues: 3D Printing implicates Intellectual property rights users.

• Nearly anything can be printed by 3D Printers and this is a troubling prospect if criminals use 3D Printers to create illegal products. 3D printing has a lot of possible benefits to society, although the products created must be regulated.

CHALLENGES Contd.

THANKS