3D Design Elements & Principles: The building blocks of all 3-Dimensional Art.

3D Design 3D Design Elements & Principles:Elements & Principles:

The building blocks of all 3-Dimensional Art.The building blocks of all 3-Dimensional Art.

1. form

FORM

• A form is a three-dimensional object: it has height, width and depth.

• Every sculpture is a form, but not every form is a sculpture.

GEOMETRIC FORMS

ORGANIC FORM

2. plane

PLANE

• A plane is a two-dimensional surface: it has height and width.

• Planes can be used to define edges, or to change the “flow” of a sculpture.

SERRA

DEGAS

3. lineLINE

• A line is one-dimensional, and is used in sculpture to lead the viewer’s eye in, around and through a form.

• Line can be actual or implied.

ACTUAL LINE

IMPLIED LINES

KANEKO

ACTUAL LINE

GOLDSWORTHY

CHRISTO

4. space

SPACE

• A space is the absence of form, such as a hole going into or through an object, or a concave surface.

• Space helps make a form more inviting by making the viewer look in, around or through it to the other side.

• Space between multiple objects can create a tension or attraction that makes the group more interesting.

DUCKWORTH

HEPWORTH

OLDENBURG

HEPWORTH

5. color

COLOR

• A color is chosen to enhance a 3D form, not to distract from it.

• Color can be applied (such as painted on) or inherent (such as the natural color of stone).

• Color can be used to enhance the theme or meaning within a work of art.

INHERENT COLOR

APPLIED COLOR

OLDENBURG/VAN BRUGGEN

SKOGLAND

DE SAINT PHALLE

6. texture

TEXTURE

• A texture is a repetitive mark on the surface of a sculpture, meant to create interest through contrast.

• Deeply textured areas appear darker, and smoother, non-textured areas appear lighter.

SMOOTH VS. TEXTURE

TEXTURE VS. TEXTURE

7. value

VALUE

• A value is a highlight or shadow on the surface of a sculpture, meant to create interest through contrast.

• Deeply carved areas have dark, shadowed values. Areas that stick out have highlighted values.

• TEXTURE CREATES VALUE!

8. subject

• The subject is what is being portrayed in the artwork.

• The theme is a message the artist is trying to communicate to the viewer.

SUBJECT & THEME

HOLZER

BUEYS

1. balance

BALANCE

• Balance can be the equal physical and/or visual weight on all sides of a piece.

• Balance can be symmetrical (same on all sides) or asymmetrical (different objects, but still visually balanced.

2. unity & variety

UNITY & VARIETY

• Unity is an overall “sameness” throughout a work of art, using the Elements to create that unity.

• Variety is the use of different kinds of Elements to create contrast.

3. emphasis

EMPHASIS

4. movement

MOVEMENT

• .

5. repetition rhythm

REPETITION & RHYTHM