77 -189_ BIBLID: 0353-4537, (2000),82, P 177-189 3aropKa TOMHn UDK: 630*188 0p1llB1HallHIIl HayqHIIl paA 3AJE)J;HHQA Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933 Y PE<I>yrHJYMHMA JYr03AllA)J;HE CPliHJE H3BO.ll.: )l,enlJLIIO cy ncrpaxena pacnpocrpan.en,e, cnncxonoraja, cP1-I31-10HOMHja, CTpYKTYpa, PCIiCHTlia cyxuecnja l-I Cl-IH rascououaja pemrxrne sajennaue Orno- Ostryetum Aich. 1933 y Cpfiaj». Kn.y-rue pe-ur: sajennaua Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, peqlymjyMl-I, jyrosanan- ua Cp61-1ja, pemncrna aercrauaja PLANT COMMUNITY ORNO-OSTRYETUM Aich. 1933 IN SOUTH-WEST SERBIA REFUGES Abstract: The distribution, synecology, physiognomy, structure, recent succes- sion, and syntaxonomy of the relict plant community Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933 in the region of Serbia, have been researched in detail. Key words: community Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, refuges, south-west Serbia, relict vegetation 1. YBO,ll. Kao epHTOu,eHo3a peJIHKTHOr xapaxrepa, pacnpocrpaa.ena npereaoro y perpyrajy- MHMa AJIna H OBa sajcnaaua npHBJIaLiHJIa je naxosy 6pOjHHX ayropa, re je H ofipahena na neheu neny csor apeana: y Kapaaanxasra (A i chi ng erE., 1933) non HMe- HOM Ostrya carpinifolia-Fraxinus ornus; na Boxiusy (Wraber M., 1961) xao Cytisan- tho-Ostryetum; y KaMHHUlKoj 6HCTpHU,H (EPKep P., 1970), Y JIeneHHu,H (<I> YKa- p e x IT., C'r e rp arr o a u h B., 1958), na Tpefiesnhy (C'rerp au o a n h B., 1964) HY OKO- JIHHH Cpeopennue (<I> a 6 Hj a HHh E., 1964) xao Orno-Ostryetum; KO.n 3aBH.noBHna (K r a use W., L u d wig W., 1957) xao Querceto-Ostryetum; na Tapn (q 0 JI Hh 1960) xao Ostryeto-Pinetum nigrae H na .nPYfHM MeCTHMa. Ha nonpysjy Cpfiaje KOHCTaTOBaHa je H nerarsno npoysena cauo y jyrosanannoj Cp6HjH (TOM Hn 3., 1980). op Saeopka TOM uh, peooeuu npotpecop, Illyuapcxu ibaeynmem Ynueeprumema y Beoepaoy 177
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~ ~J1~~!:!HI<:!J:IY~~R~_I<:QT_<?A~YJI_'fE:!~L];§or~A~,_?~9~~p~_!~~!P~77-189_BIBLID: 0353-4537, (2000),82, P 177-189
PLANT COMMUNITY ORNO-OSTRYETUM Aich. 1933 IN SOUTH-WESTSERBIA REFUGES
Abstract: The distribution, synecology, physiognomy, structure, recent succession, and syntaxonomy of the relict plant community Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933in the region of Serbia, have been researched in detail.
Key words: community Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933, refuges, south-west Serbia,relict vegetation
1. YBO,ll.
Kao epHTOu,eHo3a peJIHKTHOr xapaxrepa, pacnpocrpaa.ena npereaoro y perpyrajyMHMa AJIna H ~HHapH.na, OBa sajcnaaua npHBJIaLiHJIa je naxosy 6pOjHHX ayropa, re je Hofipahena na neheu neny csor apeana: y Kapaaanxasra (A i chi n g erE., 1933) non HMeHOM Ostrya carpinifolia-Fraxinus ornus; na Boxiusy (Wraber M., 1961) xao Cytisantho-Ostryetum; y KaMHHUlKoj 6HCTpHU,H (E PKep P., 1970), Y JIeneHHu,H (<I> YKap e x IT., C'r e rp arr o a u h B., 1958), na Tpefiesnhy (C'r erp au o a n h B., 1964) H Y OKOJIHHH Cpeopennue (<I> a6 Hj a HHh E., 1964) xao Orno-Ostryetum; KO.n 3aBH.noBHna(K r a use W., L u d wig W., 1957) xao Querceto-Ostryetum; na Tapn (q 0 JI Hh ~., 1960)xao Ostryeto-Pinetum nigrae H na .nPYfHM MeCTHMa. Ha nonpysjy Cpfiaje KOHCTaTOBaHaje Hnerarsno npoysena cauo y jyrosanannoj Cp6HjH (TOM Hn 3., 1980).
op Saeopka TOMuh, peooeuu npotpecop, Illyuapcxu ibaeynmem Ynueeprumema y Beoepaoy
177
3aropKa TOMHh
2. MATEPIIJAJI II METO)J;II
KmfMa:rCKM nonaun OqMTaBaHM cy M3 ATJIaca KJIMMe JyrOCJIaBMje sa nepaon on1931-1960. ronnne. <!>opMMpaHe cy rpyne ca nonnepacanna Ha.n.MopcKMM BMCMHaMa Hreorpadicxna xoopnaaaraaa, a nenana sa caaxy rpyny npMKa3aHM cy Ta6eJIapHO (ToMMn 3., 1980, 1996).
Ilonaun 0 reononrxoj no.n.JI03M My30pU,M 3eMJbMIllTa aa nafioparopnjcxe aHaJIM3eY3HMaHM cy na repeny, a nonaun 0 3eMJbMIllry ofipahena na Illyvapcxoa cPaKyJITery yBeorpany (J 0 B Mn H., 1980).
Ha repeny je Y3eTo 29 cPMToueHOJIOIllKMX CHMMaKa, KOjM cy cpehenn y cPMTOueHoJIOIllKY Ta6eJIy MaHaJIM3HpaHM no KJIaCMqHoj MeTo.n.M Braun-Blanquet-a. YpaljeHHcy :>KMBOTHH crrpexrpn aconnjanaje (:>KMBOTHHX 06JIMKa no Raunkier-y, apean-ranosa no Tajahy, eKOJlOIllKM no Oberdorfer-y MueHOJIOIllKM no Xopsary, rJIaBa11Y MEllenberg-y), 3aTMM.n.ecPMHMcaHe KapaKTepMCTMqHe M .n.McPepHUMjaJIHe BpCTe M nOTnyHM KapaKTepMCTMqHMcxyn. CMHTaKcoHoMcKa .n.McPepeHUMjau,Mja, OCMM na cPJIOpMCTMqKOM npmnrany, 6a3MpaHaje BenMM nenov M ua perMOHaJIHMM MaKpOKJlMMaTCKHM npMJIMKaMa (acouajauaja) HJIMpa3BOjHMM cranajaaa 3eMJbHIllTa (cytiacouajauaje),
3. PE3YJITATII II )J;IICKYCIIJA
3.1. HaJla3HWTa H OCHOBHH eKOJlOWKH YCJlOBH
3aje.n.HHu;a je .n.eTaJI>HO MCTpa:>KeHa ua urecr JlOKaJIHTeTa: Tapa, I1pM60j, MMJlemesxa, KaJbOH flHMa, Conohaua MTyTMH. To cy nperexao xnacype HJIM CTpMH onceua,na Ha.n.MOpCKHM BHCMHaMa OKO 800-900 m, Pa3JlHl.IMTMM eKcn03MUMjaMa M eKcTpeMHHMHarM6MMa - aajseha asnoce 60-70°, rj, npencraan.ajy BepTMKaJIHe JIMTMue.
KJlMMaTCKM yCJIOBM cy neyjennaseau. Teuneparypaa O.n.HOCM noxasyjy O)l.JlMKeyMepeHo-KoHTMHeHTaJIHOr pe:>KMMa: cpeznse rozraunse TeMneparype asnoce 6,4-8,0°C, acpeznse rozmunse asmnnryne 20,3-21 ,O°C. I1JlyBMoMeTpMjcKM pe:>KMM, HapOtIHTO pacnopen nanasana TOKOM ronane, xapaxrepaute nonpysje xao npeJIa3HO H3Meljyjanpancxocpenoseuaor; Cjeznre, MYMepeHo-KoHTHHeHTaJIHor, Cnpyre crpaae. Iozmunsa cyaa nanasana H3HOCH 730-840 mm, a pacnpen no Meceu,HMa je yjenuasea. MaKCHMaJIHe KOJlHqHHe nanaaana 3a6eJle:>KeHe cy y OKT06py, a MMHHMaJIHe y Mapry H anpany, To ce 3HaTHOpaanaxyje Mon yMepeHoKoHTMHeHTaJIHOr pe:>KMMa, y KOMe je MaKcMMyM y JleTO GyHH), aMon M3MefbeHor janpaacxo-cpenoseuaor; rne aajamne nanaaana HMa 3HMH (MaKcMMyMy HOBeM6py HJlM .n.eueM6py).
3.2. MaTHqHH cyncrpar H 3eMJbHWTe
CBM JIOKaJIMTeTM HaJIa3e ce y cxnorry rpyne CTapOBJIaIllKMX nnaaana, y KojMMa cesao cyncTpaTjaarsajy BpJIO MonHe nacnare Me3030jcKMx xpe-nsaxa, ys M3pa:>KeH xpaunca
178
3ajC)J.HHua Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933 y pCQlymjyMHMa jyroaanazmeCpfinje---_.-------_.._-- ---_.~_._._--_._--_.
perserp. CTeHe cy aajxeurhe )l.OCTa 411CTI1 rpujacxn Kpe4lbaUI1, ca BpJIO MaJIliM ca)l.p)l(ajeMnepacraopuor OCTaTKa. 360r rora ce renesa 3eMJbl1llITa sanpxaea y A-C-CTa)l.l1jaMa. HanOBpllIl1HI1 3eMJbl1llITa BI1)l.JbI1BI1 cy KpynHI1 Kpe4lba4KI1 6JIOKOBI1 non pa3HI1M Ham6l1Ma,nouexan CKOpO BepTI1KanHI1. DnOKOBI1 cy )l.enI1MH4HO rona, a nenl1MH4HO otipacnu MaxoBHHaMa 11 CTelba4KOM aererai..\HjoM. Ha je)l.pHM 6nOKOBI1Ma ys jacry-nihe MaXOBI1He y nyKOTHHaMa ce caxynrsa MaJIa KOnl14HHa opraucxnx MaTepHja H nonaan no ofipaaosatsa3eMJbl1WTa runa nporopeansane. Ilon nOKpHBa4eM CTelba4KHX 6HJbaKa 113Me1)y finososaofipasyjy ce oprauorene penmaae, )l.y60Ke no 20 em, apno naxor MexaHH4Kor cacrasa Iica BHCOKliM canpacajev Myn-xYMyca. Y HellITO 6na)l(I1M ycnOBI1Ma, xana Kpe4lba4KIi 6noKOBI1 noxpnaajy Malbe noapmane, ya Bene npncycrao 6HJbaKa 4Hje ce nmnhe nofipo pasnaace, nonasa no ofipasoaan.a opranovnnepanue peazunne, xoja je HellITO )l.y6Jba (no30 cm), MI1 raxohe cavo M03al1'-IHO 06paJOBaHa. Hajfiorse ycnose sa paasoj sereranajenpysca xonysajanna peH)l.3I1Ha, xoja je 3HaTHO )l.y6Jba on opranorenax Ii rrpenasmrx (no80 cm), aJIH ce no CBOjl1M ¢113114KHM 11 xeMl1jcKHM oc06HHaMa O)l.lbI1X Hepasnnxyje 6HTHO.
Ha ManOM 6pojy JIOKanHTeTa, na Kojl1Ma ce xao cyncrpar jasn.a cepneHTI1HI1T, raxohe cy paasajene A-C-CTa)l.l1je sesm.mnra - Myn-paHKepl1 una opranoreae cepneHTI1HHTCKe penzrmne.
3.3. Tpaha H ct>JlOPHCTHqKH cacras
CnpaTOBH npseha 11 )l(6ylba cy, 360r HenOBOJbHHX e)l.a¢CKI1X ycnosa, pacxananorcxnona, MaJIl1X BI1CI1Ha (OKO 10 m) 11 npCHI1X npe-unnca (OKO 20 em). Y OBa nsa cnpara3a6eJIe)l(eHO je yxynno 49 apcra, llITOyxasyje na H3Y3eTHO 60raTcTBo acounjaunje y ¢aHepO¢I1TI1Ma. Taj cxyn )l.pBeHaCTI1X spcra je urapormx: OCHM KapaKTepl1Cm4HI1X BpCTaCBe3e Orno-Ostryon Tomz. 1940 (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop., Fraxinus ornus L., Coronilla emerus L. ssp. emeroides Boiss. et Spr., Cotoneaster tomentosa (Ait.) Lind\. Spiraeacana Wald. et Kit., Spiraea media Fr. Schm.), jaan.a ce H 113BeCTaH 6poj BpCTa csojcraeHI1X CBe311 Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis Horv. 1958 (Acer monspessulanum L., Carpinusorientalis Mill., Frangula rupestris (Scop.) Schur., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Prunus mahaleb L.). Y3 fipojue xcepodnrrc pena Quercetalia pubescentis Br.-BI. 1932 (Aeer intermedium Panc., Quercus cerris L., Sorb us aria (L.) Crantz., Sorbus torminalis (L.)Crantz., Corn us mas L., Cotinus coggygria Scop., Euonymus verrueosus Scop., Rhamnuscatharticus L., Amelanchier ovalis Medic., Viburnum lantana L.), npncyrne cy BpCTeumpe eKOJIOllIKe asmnaryne paspena Querco-Fagetea Br.-B\. et Vlieg. 1937, nl10HI1pl1 113HaTaH 6poj Me30¢HTa pena Fagetalia Pavl, 1928 (Fagus moesiaca (Domin., Maly)Czeczott., Ulmus montana With., Sorbus aucuparia L., Rhamnus fallax Boiss. 11 np.),
Y cnpary npnaeuae ¢nope jaan.a ce jour 144 spcre, llITO 3Ha411 na je y 29 ¢I1TOueHOnOlIIKI1X CHHMaKa OBe ¢nOpHCTI14KI1 apno fiorare sajennaue aafienesceno yxynuo 193spcre. nOCe6HO cy aTpaKTI1BHe y npH3eMHoM cnpary cren.asxe apcre: Saxifraga aizoonJacq., Sedum ochroleucum Chaix., Sedum album L., Sempervivum heufelii Schott., Arabis alpina L., xao 11 xaMe¢I1TH apno jaxor xopenoaor CHCTeMa y jacry-iacraa 6yceHHMa:
179
3aropKa TOMHh
Dianthus petraeus Waldst. et Kit., Athamantha haynaldii Barb. et Ucht., Globularia cordifolia L., Thymus pulegioides L. Ha MeCTHMa rne je .ll.y6HHa 3eMJbHWHOr noxpaaa-ra 6apHeKOJIOKO em yxopeisyjy ce 6yceHaCTH XeMI1KpHnT0cPI1TH: Galium purpureum L., Sileneviridiflora L., Silene flavescens W.K., Galium lucidum All., Edraianthus jugoslavicusLaks., a 6pojHe cy 11 BpCTe 113 cPaMI1JIHja Poaceae 11 Cyperaceae. Y npl13eMHOM cnparyrpefia nocefiao acrahn npncycrao naa HI1CKa )K6yHl1lia 113 60pOBI1X uryva: Erica carneaL. 11 Daphne blagayana Freyer, on KOjl1X je oaaj npyru 0611JIHO sacrynrsea.
Y OKBI1PY acouojauaje jacao cy H3.ll.l1cPepeHu,l1paHe TpHcytiacouujaunje, ua OCHOBy BJIa)KHOCTI1, .ll.y6l1He 11 CKeJIeTHOCTI1 3eMJbHWTa, xao H cPJIOPI1CTl1lJKOr cacraaa (.ll.HcPepeHu,l1jaJIHI1X BpCTa). TOM npl1JII1KOM je YCTaHOBJbeHO na nojeznnre cytiacouajaunje
Kao rtpavapna 4>a3a - npenas H3 nperxonne cranaje upH060pOBHX myaa - 113nBOjeua je najxceporepauuja cyfiacouajaunja pinetosum nigrae, ua KaMeHHTHM JlI1THuaMaBeJlHKHX narufia H najnnahna opraaorennv peunsanana. )J;H4>epeHUHjaJlHe spcre cy:Pinus nigra Arn., Chamaecytisus tommasinii (Vis.) Rothm., Carex humilis Leyss., Dianthus petraeus Waldo et Kit., Erica carnea L., Lathyrus sphaericus Retz. 11 Centaurea montana L. Y OKBHpy cyfiacounjauuje aanazceua je exonounca sapajaura serpentinicum, raxohe na npHMapHHM crannjaaa 3eMJhHlllTa, ann na cepneHTHHHTY 11 ca nl14>epeHUl1jaJlHHM BpCTaMa: Vaccinium myrtillus L. 11 Euphorbia p/atyphyllos L.
CBe3Y Orno-Ostryon ne4>I1HHCaO je 1940. ronnae G. Tomasic, xao nocefiny I1JIHpCKy noncaesy CBe3e Quercion pubescentis-sessiliflorae Br.-Bl. 1932, pena Quercetaliapubescentis Br.-BI. 1932. Y nonenn TepMo4>HJlHHX nauihapcxnx sajennaua osora penana yxyrmo TpH CBe3e, H. Xopsar; 1950. ronane, CBe uryae upaora rpa6a cspcrasa y CBesy Ostryo-Carpinion orientalis Horv. 1958. MeljYTI1M, OBaKO H3nBojeHa XopBaTOBa CBe3aOnHOCI1 ce I1CKJhYQI1BO na aajemmue cy6Menl1TepaHCKor xapaxrepa, xax xao xapaxrePI1CTHQHe BpCTe canpxot 11 nese 311M3eJleHe, TaKO na HeKI1 KaCHl1jl1 aYTOpl1 upaorpatioseuryve ynyrpaunsux )J;I1HapHna nOHOBO cspcraaajy y CBe3Y Orno-Ostryon Toms, 1940.Ilocne rtposepaaaa.a upnorpafiosnx 4>I1TOueH03a on CJlOBeHl1je no jyrosananue Cpfiaje11 ne4>I1HHCalha cBojcTBeHI1X spcra CBe3e (To M11 h 3., 1980), raj npunuan je ycsojea 11y OBOM pany,
181
3aropKa TOMl1n
Acouajaunja je .n.eepHHHCaHa na OCHOBy MaKpOKJIHMaTCKHX pa3JIHKa H 3aY3HManpenaano KJIHMaTCKO nonpyxje 6p.n.CKO-rrJIaHHHCKOr rrojaca )J,HHapH.n.a, a ynopezmoxr epJIOpHCTWIKOM aHaJIH30M cy asnaojeue KapaKTepHCTHtIHe BpCTC (To MHti 3., 1980, 1994).
4.3AKJbyqu;H
3aje.Ll:HHu,a Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933 pacnpocrpan.eaa je y peepymjyMHMa jyrosarranne Cpfinje y Crreu,HepwIHHM oporparpcxav, MHKpOKJIHMaTCKHM H e.n.aepcKHM ycJIOBHMa. Kao H OCTaJIe sajennaue peJIHKTHOr xapaxrepa O.Ll:JIHKyje ce H3Y3eTHHM epJIOPHCTHtIKHM 6oraTcTBoM, xao H 3HaTfIHM 6pOjCM eH.Ll:eMHtIHHX H peJIHKTHHX BpCTa.
Ai ch in ge r E. (1933): Vegetationskunde der Karawanken, Pflanzensociologie, Band 2, Jena 329S
(1931-1960): Amnac KJlUMe Jyeocnaeuje, Beorpaa
E p K e p P. (1970): l(PHU epaii y WyMCKUM sajeonuuaua noopyuja KaMHUWKe 6ucmpul{c Un.eeocuiyucxo yseojuu suauaj, ztoxropcxa.D.HCepTaUHja y pyKOHCy, lJJyMapcKI1 <)JaKynTeTCapajeso
JOB 11 II H. (1980): 3eMlbuwma y utyuaua upnoeaepaiiay Cp6uju, pyKOOHC, LUyMapcKH <!>aKymcTYHHBep3HTem y Beorpaay, Beorpan
K r a use w., L u d wig W. (1957): Zur Kenntnis der Flora und Vegetation aufSerpentinstadortendes Balkans. 2. Pflanzengesellschaften und Standorte im Gostovic-Gebiet (Bosnien), Flora 145, Jena (78-131)
C r e <~ a HOB 11 n B. (1964): lllyucxa eezemauuja tuupez noopyuja Tpebeeuha, Pan, Axaa, aayxaOI1X, XXV, Kif>. 7, Capajeso (58-153)
Tom as ic G. (1940): Asocijacije borovih gozdov v Sloveniji, Razpravc mat.-prirod. razreda Akad.Znan. in umetn. u Ljubljani, Ljubljana (77-120)
TOMl1ll 3. (1980): (/JumOlWllo3e upuoea epatia (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) y Cp6uju, .notcropcxanaceprauaja y pyKOOI1Cy, WyMapcKI1 cl>aKymeT YHI1Bep3HTeTa y Beorpaay,Beorpaa
182
3ajeJJ:IIHua Orno-Ostryetum Aich. 1933 y pe<l>ymjyMHMa jyrosananne Cp6Hje
To M H n 3. (1994): Lleuoapean upuoza epaiia (Ostrya carpinifolia Scop.) y Cp6uju, Fnacn. HIICT.sa 60TaHHKy HOOT. 6auITe Ymm. y Beorpaay, TOM XXVIII, Beorpan (173-182)
<I> a 6 n] an H h D. (1964): f1PUJl02 n03ua6Q/bY lIeKUX HOJIa3UUtma nauuuheee OMopUKe ua neeoj o6aJlU Ilpuue, HapoJJ:HH uiyaap 1-2, Vol. 43, Capajeso (31-42)
<I> YKape K Il., CTC <I> a II 0 BHh B. (1958): Ilpauiyua Ilepyhuua U teeua eezemauuja, Pa.n:OBH norsonpnapenao-uryaapcsor (!lal<YJITeTa 3, Capajeso (93-146)
X 0 P BaT 11. (1959): Cucmeuamcku OOUOCU xpacmoeux u 60p06UX iuysui jyzoucmouue Eepone,OHOIIOUlKH rIIaCHHK 12, 3arpe6 (1-40)
Horvat 1.,Gl av a c V., Ellenberg H. (1974): Vegetation Sudosteuropas, Geobotanica se1ecta,Band IV, Stuttgart
PLANT COMMUNITY ORNO-OSTRYETUM Aich. 1933 IN SOUTH-WEST SERBIA
SummaryThe community has been researched at six localities in south-west Serbia, mainly in
canyons on almost vertical partly bare limestone rocks. The soils are in the primary stages of development, mainly limestone rendzinas.
The association has been classified in the alliance Orno-Ostryon Toms. 1940 and the orderQuercetalia pubescentis Br.-Bl. 1932. It has been represented by a plant community table with 29items, with the characteristic species of the alliance and the association. The association has beendifferentiated into three subassociations which at the same time represent the development phases:subass. pinetosum nigrae Tornic 1980 - primary phase; subass. coronilletosum emeroides Tornic1980 - optimal phase; subass. aceretosum intermedii Tornic 1980 - terminal phase.
The great content of phanerophytes, endemites and relicts, xeromesothermic character ofthe association and its coenoecological stability, point to a very long duration of the optimal phasein the almost unchanged floristic composition, at the refugial sites.
This plant community is peculiar and rare, and it is a residual representative of a relativelylittle modified relict vegetation in this part of Serbia.
183
00.J::,.
Ta6e."a I, <l>HToUeHOJlOUlKa rafienaTable l. Phytocoenological table
Acouajauaja (Association) OR N 0- OSTR rET UM Aich. 1933 ICyfiacounjauaja (Subassociation) PlNETOSUM NIGRAE I CORONIUETOSUM EMEROIDES ACERETOSUM INTERMEDII
!EKcno3HUHja (Exposure) SW W SW lI.'W Nwi W 11.' 11.' NO SW NW NW !loW I NW' S WiN 11.' 11.' 11.' I 11.' iNO o i NW N 0 SW NO NO ~o~H6(Slope) 70 70 60 ! 70 I 50 I 35 45 45 351 30 i 50 ! 40 40 35 30 25 130 40 30 60 40 30 140 35 30 25 30 I 40 35
;:;:
~reoJIOWKa noanora (parent rock) JEl\PI1 KPEtUhA!.{11 I CEPITEHTIlHHT JEl\PH KPEYlhAUH ::3eMJhHUlTe (Soil) OPf AHOfEHE KPEYIM YKEPEH):{3HHE OPf. CEPIT. PEH):{3. OPfAHOfEHE ITPEJiA3HE If KOJlYBlfJAllHE KPEYlhAYKEPELl3HHE ~
MecTo (Localitv) Tapa IMan DpH. MH11 TIpH60 DpH/MH.nl TIpH60i MHn. Jh.M ,DPH.!CTV. TVT. CTV. TVT. PH6aPHnH CTV.~U
Bp, q,HToueH.CHHMKa (N! of record) 33 I 35 89 I 87 88 i34 36 93 45 i 94 73 I 72 44 43 42 96 47 71 95 98 97 I 46 I 69 7 70 10 9 8 68
I Crroar (1" laver)Cxnon (canopy) 10.2104 0.1 03 0.7105 I 0.7 10.8 06 0.8 0.7 ' 01 0.6 I 09 ! 0.7 0.8 I 0.5 I 10.8 I 0.8 0.3 0.7 10.9 0.8 0.8 I 0.6 I 0.8Cpen.... BHCHHa (Average height) m I 10 I 5 15 I 5 I 8 I 7 I 5 8 6 13 18 i 15 I 6 I 5 I 9 7 I 7 i I 12 I 8 i 6 ! 7 I 10 10 15 / ro i 10Coena,a nnes. (Average diameter' em I 20 I 5 20 5 ' 20 125 I 5 \ 8 5 20 10 I 30 6 I 6 I 10 I 15 I 10 i I ?O I 10 10 6 I 10 14 I 25 I 12 I 12Cpen pacrojarse (Average distance) m I 6 I 6 15 6 , 4 ' 6 I 2 2 2 2 I I JO J I 0.5 I 2 I I 6 I I 5 2 I 6 I 05 I I 2 3 I 4 I 2KAPAKTEPHCTH'llIEH .!U1<l>EPEHllliJA)IHE BPCTE (Characteristic and differentia! species)lPinus nigra Arn. l.lll.l t.i I.I 2.2 +.1 t.i I.l I.l t.i : 11 I.I i I IIIIAcer monspessulanum L. I i I t.i I Ir~.4cer intermedium Pane. I I 1.2 +.1 l.l I~cer pseudoplatanus L. I I +.1 i.: ITilia grandifolia Ehrh. i I I I +.1 IOCT AJIE BPCTE (Other species)Ostrya carpinifolia Scop. +.1,2.2 1.2 33 2.2 34 144 44 123 34 I 3.2 134 44 34 3.3 I 4.5 13.3 2.3 3.3 4.5 33 3.3 ' 2.2 4.5 V
raxinus ornus L. 1.21 1.2 i.: +.1 ,+.1 ?.2 ' I.l I 1.2 i 22 I 3.4 2.2 12 I 12.2 1.2 2.2 +.1 1.1 II 22 1.1 IVQuercus petraea Matt. agg. i +.1 23 l.l ! ; +.1 i +.1 l.l +.1, IT
I "gus moesiacalDomi", Maly) Czeczort.l +.1 +.1 i l.l +.1 +.1 l.l 1.2 ITQuercus cerris L 1+.1 I I I l.l l.l +.1 +.1 +.1 ITAcer platanoidesL. I +.1 I I +.1 +.1 +.J' +.1 I'orbus aria Crantz. +.1 l.l l.l +.1 ' Iorbus torminalis Crantz I +.1 +.1 +.1 I Iyrus pyrasterBorkh I
i +.1 +.1 1opulus tremula L. +1 I I
Salix caprea L. , +.1 I IlSorbus aucuparia L I I i I +.1 ICorylus colurnaL. I I Il.! IUlmus montana With I I i ! +.1 ICarpinus betulus L. I i +.1 I I I I~cer campestre L I I Il.l I , IITCrrpar (1' laver)Cxnon (canopy) 10.4 I 0.2 I 0.6 i 0.1 .0.210.2 0.5 03 10.2 I 0.2 0.4 I 0.3 I 0.7 i 0.6 ! 0.3 I 0.6 0.3 05 I 0.9 I 0.3 i 0.4 I 0.2 0.4 0.5 10.5 05 I 0.2 I 0.6 I 0.6 ICpemsa BHCHHa (Average heizht) m I 4 10.5 I 2 I I 2 I 4 I 2 I 2 2 I 1 I 4 I 5 I I 1 2 I I 4 I I I 2 I 2 I I 2 I I 2 I 2 I 3 I 2 IKAPAKTEPHCTHtIHE H .!U1<l>EPEHIijUAJlliE BPCTE (: haracteristic and differential species)IPinus nigra Am +.1 1+.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 l.l l.l I I ITCaron ilia emeroidesBoiss. et Snr. 23 I +.1 I I~cer monspessnlanum L I +.1 +.1 I 1Carpinus orientalisMill. I +.1 I 1~cer intermedium Pane I I I I +.1 +.1 +.1 l.l +.1 II
i I !I1Cotoneaster tomentosa(Ait.) Lind\. +.1 1.2 +.1 r 1-'-.I! -'-.1 ~ 1 IIICotinus coggygria Seen 12 1.2 22 2.4 ! 34 11 I -.1 II
uonymus verrucosu.sScoP. 1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 -'-I : +1 I 1.1 illorb us aucupariaL. +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 ! i i I IIIagusmoesiaca(Domin, Malv) Czeczott +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 -'-.1 I
r i ~.I : 'IIRhamnus catharticusL. +.1 +.1 : +.1 : +.1 -'-.1 : -.1 I II'VlamnusfallaxBoiss +.1 +.1 +.1 1 1-1 i +.1 ICorylus avellana L +.1 1.2 1 1 + I 1 +.1 : ISorbu» torminalis Crantz i +.1 +.1 II i : ".1 i ICrataegnsmonogyna Jacg
f---- -- ..+1 1.2 +.1 I i +. t : ~ I I I I
[41Iu:/al1chier ovalis Medic +.1 +~ 12 i i 1Qnvrcus cerris L +.1 I j 1.2 : +.1 I : I1cer platunoides L 1 I +.1 1-'-.1 i .,.1 I I\·p;ra c·a cana Wald. et Kit +.1 +.2 : I i I IIPopulus tremula L. +.1 r ! :
i : 1lSalix caprea L. +.1 +.1 i 1Carpinus betulusL 12 : ~.1 : : i : 1lRosaarvensis Huds 12 : ! +.1 I I IQuercus fametto Ten. +.1 I I ! : 1 : IRhamnus saxatilis Jaco. I +.1 , i i I 1etula verrocosa Ehrh. I 1.1 I r Iicea abies (L.) Karst. i +.1 , ,
: Irangula rupestris(Scop.) Schur. I +.1 I : , I
Spiraea media Fr. Schm. I +.2 ; 1 j i ! 1osa andegavensis Bast. +.2 I . I Iyrus pyraster Borkh. +.1 , I
Lonicera caprifoliumL. ! ! -'-1 i I : ! I'sonicera xylosteum L. 1.2 i ! I I I IViburnum lantana L. i i +.1 , I I ! IClematis vitalba L. I i 1 +.1 I I i Iuniperus oxycedus L. ! +1 ! I i I i Itaphy/lea tnnnatai: +1 I ! I I i Irun us mahaleb L. +.1 I i ! , Icer campestre L. +.1 1 I I I : I I
II Cnnar (3'" layer)]OKPOBHOCT (coyer) 10.510710.6 0.8 I 0.9 107 10.91 0.4 I 0.5 0.3 10.5 0.8 I 0.9 I 0.9 I 0.4 I 1.0 0.5 0.5 10.3 0.6 0.8 I 05 i 0.5 1 0.3 I 0.5 I 0.5 10.4 I 03 0.5 1KAPAKTEPI1CTWIHE 11tui<bEPEHIUllAJIHE BPCTE (Characteristic and differential species)~osa spinosissima L. I 1 I +.21 I ! +1 +.1 1+.1 1.2 I +.1 1+.1 1 +.1 I 1 I +.1 I I 1 11.1 IILaserpitium siler L. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1+.1 1+.1 +.1 I I +.1 I +.1 1+.11 I I IITeucriummontanum L. I 1+.11 +.11 I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I ! , I
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Tafieaa I. <I>HTOl.leHo.lolliKa Ta6eJIa(nacrasax)Table 1. Phytocoenological table (:ontinue)
Chamaecytisus tommasinii (Vis.) Rothrn. +1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 , +.1 I I IlCarex humilis Levss. L2 +.1 . +.2 L2 +2 +.1 ".2 +.1 +.1! +.1 , , I IlLathvrus sphaericus Retz. +.J -'.1 +.2 1.2 +.1 +.1 +.2 +.1 +.1 r-T 1+.1 i , IIIErica cornea L. ! L3 L3 I 12 12.3 . 2.4 1.3 ! 2.4 I I IlDianthus petraeus Wald et Kit +.2 +2 +.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 +.2 ! 11lMelampyrum scardicum Wettst. 1.2 1.2 +1 +.1 +.J +.1 IICentaurea montana L. +.1 +.1 +.J I +.1 +.1 I'Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh +.1 1+.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 IPeucedanum officinaleL. +.J +.1 . +.1 -'-.J +.1 IPinus nigra Am. +.1 +.1 +1 ICoronilla emeroidesBoiss. et Spr J3 L1 +.1 +.1 . IlAcer monspessulanum L. +1 +1 +.1 IThymus balcanus Borb 2.4 L2 IlJelampyrum cristatum L. I L2 23 I'{ieracium waldsteinii Tausch. i +.1 +.1 Ionicera caprifoliumL 1.2 +.1 1.2 I + 1 1cer intermedium Pane +.1 +.1 +.J I
uuhyrus hallersteinii Baurng +.1 +.1 +.1 1Geranium robertianum L I +.1 +.1 1Acer pseudoplatanus L. I I +.1 +.1 1Vaccinium myrtillusi.. +.2 +2 +.2 +.2 I Iiuphorbia platvphvllosL +.1 +.1 +.1 I I
OCTAJlE BPCTE --Other spec; esAsplenium trichomanes L +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +1 +.1 +.1 + J +1 +.1 .,.1 +1 +1 +1 +.1 +1 +J +.1 +.2 +1 +1 IVliuphorbia 1It11ygdllhlide.\" L + I +.1 +1 +1 ·.1 r c.1 I + I + I 1+.1 +.1 +1, + I +.1 +11 + I +1 IIII'icia incana Gouan +1 C.I +.1 +.1 +1 +.1 c.1 i.1 +.1 ] +.1 +.1 +1 +.1 +.1 1+1 -t . I IIIl-ruganu ,'('sca L +1 +.1 +.1 +1 +.1 +1 1'1 +! I t-l +.1 I +1 +1 +.1 +11 +.1 III~~il1l1s or/.w:" L ~--'- +.2 +.1 +.1 I +1 1.2 +1 +.1 +If:J
+.1 .u,:Ar<:1IIo/1;uagr/il1--;';lIoidc.\'(L.) Neck. - -~ -+~ I +~
---- ,-'-+1 +.1 +1 +1 +1 -t.1 +.1 \I
lestuca sulcata Hegi I +1 12 -i- 2 12 IJ +1 1.2 +.2 +2 \Il'olvpodnnn vulgare L
---~--~--- --- ----+I-t--
-- .+.1 +1 + I ____~.:..I -I I +1 +.1 t.] +1 \I
HII..'rllCHlt1I murorun L :;:--1- +1r---:- -- -- f--c- -+1 II +.1r +1 +1 II
Doctvhs gknncrut« L +1 I I +1 +.1 +.1 ;1 1+.1 +-.1 I -I I +.1 II17/1'11I11.\ 1'lI/c}:lIJidcs L +1 +1 I +1 , +.1 +1 +2 I 12 +1 +1 IIScahiosa cohnnbaria L
Solidago virgaurea L +J +.1 +.1, I +.1 +1 Iestuca rubra L +.2 1.3 1.2 +.2 ! +.2 I
1sarom europaeum L. ! 1+.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 IMelica uniflora Retz I I +.1 +.2 +.2 +.2 IGeranium sanguineum L. i +.1 +.1 1.1 +.1 IEryngium palmatum Vis. et Pane. I I +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 ICampanula trachelium L. +.1 +.1 +.i +.1 I
tellaria holostea L. 1+.1 +1 +.1 r Iedera helix L +.1 12 r 1.2 Iedum maximum L. +.J +1 +.J +.1 Icer platanoides L. I +.1 +.1 +.1 +.J Iideritis montana L. +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 Irunus avium L +1 r r +.1 I
Viola alba Bess +.1 +.1 +.1 +.1 ICachrvs alpina M. B. +.1 .,.1 "'.2 +.1 1
orb us aucunaria L +.1. +.1 +1 +.2 IAbies alba Mill +.1 I +.J +.1 +.1 IRhamnus catharticus L. I I ; +.1 +.1 +1 IDanaa comubiensis (Torn.) bur. I +.1 1+.1 +.1 ICalamintha officinalis Moench. +.1 +.1 +1 IlSilene viridiflora L +1 +.1 i +.1 IIAcer camestre L. +.1 +.1 !+.1 ICephalanthero longifolia (L.) Frit, +.1 +.11 I +.1 I!Doronicum columnae Ten I +.1 +.11 +.1 II,.';edum album L I +.11 ! +.1 +.1 1IPOIen/illamicrantha Ramond +.1 i , +.1 I I +.1 1Coronilla varia L. +1 I
! ! +.11 +.1 ! 1 IFrangula rupestrts (Scop ) Schur +.1 +1 +.1 I IlPaslinaca hirsuta Pane +1' +.1 +1 i ! iISHenenutans L. +.1 +.1 I I 1+.1 I ! I 1Pimpinella mator (L) Huds. I +.1 I +.1 +.1 , I IIAllium pulchellum Don +.1 .,..1 +.1 I I I ICampanula patula L +.1 +1 I I ! IGalium pumilum Murr +.1 +.1 +1 I I I +.1 IViburnum lantana L +.1 ! ' +.1 ! II,Erysimum silves/re(Cran) Scop. I ' +.1 I +.1 IViola mirabilis L I +.1 +.1 IFagus moesiaca (Domin, Malv) Czeczot I +.1 +.1 I'00 compressa L. I +.1, I I +1 I
lRosa arvensis Huds. I I I I I i +.11 +.1 I
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Table 1. Phytocoenological table (continue)- ~I
lip, q,HTOl.\eHOnOWKor CHIIMKa : 33 I 35 94 73; 72 44 43 42 96 47 71 9S 98 97 46 69 9 8 68 i~ (Number of record) I
~g~~;E~ff-=-.~clt-~~"_ -~~~I--'--··~. ~~=_~=~~·:~I~_=-~_=i:- '-=.=-:1lun1jJeros communis i.. ,'I,' , +,1 " , ~ 1 , i 1~~~=--T'- .. ~--- .__--=~~T-=-===-_· _=_l i ·,1 . __'-===. ,__._. '_;_Arabis al ina L. ! + 1 1Sesleri" varia Jac 1Sempervivum heuffeli Schott. 1Gcnista omla Wald ct Kit , ' +. I - 2 1"rrlll/l.l'lI/alia/ehL ,_,_..,~" - ---; +,1 -,I -----------.-;...:...._.-1 IVeratrum tugrum L I i +.1 -r-.I t ' I
(iel1/IWlla,"'/'J'il,"leaJ
:... !.-L_" "~i" '. " '" +11, ,',' r I , --l--- I~bascum densiflorum Bert L .L,..- _~'_~i i..:+:l~'_L_-,_,;, ·1 ,_, , iiISerratula tmctona L. I., ': i:: 1.2 ' •1: I 1
~:;;~~:la~ra:~~e:.~~lu:-~~'___-~' '=-1=~ __ -=--- ,_=~ ~:I_+T--+-I--~_~ -=--_~'----I-----,--~----~ ;~[:C~~u~l~1 ,!~lt_-- t _- __ ~=-------------H--, =-=-_ -~ ------------------ ..L, ;.!.]0!2'C1!!!!!!,germamL1lm(Gr)~__ _ _ I,_~-_.::J..__., 1CalammthaaIDina(L~Lam + 1 + 1 ,1Rubus idaeus i.: ,. ,_,-:.:+-1 __ '+.11, : : I , , I I 1~~herom £a!E.ntEK!.o:'!!.~:~B_.__' __.,~._-+---_ I 12 2.3: I , ,i-- .. _,: I 1Lithospermum purpureo-coeruleum L, : --:--t,; ----r-, I +.1 i +.1 i 1Cvclamen europoeumi.: +,1 +.1 iii I! I I 1
IAelhionema saxatille (L.) R _Br_, ' ";' + 1iii ,i i :, ' ~,I I I 1EdraianthusjugoslaVlcusLakS ~-t; +,1 +.1 i : I -...L i I -k.-----------J-------l ! i I IMedicago lupulina L. : I : I I +.1 i "'iT : -,I!· illAquilegiavu/[arisL. Ii! i ! +,1 ,·,1 !' I 1
l}uplellrom S'!.bt".!!!J!!<.,i~.!!!!l~ '4~---.l,: I I t--+- I! ~.1 I ·.1 --l i IAthamantha haynaldli Borb. et Uchr. • + 1 : +.1 i T I ! I I , 1Globularia cordi{oiJaL. ' 1,.2 --U,) I i I T u I : I 1Aruncus vulgarisRaf. 1: ill +.1 ' 23 i I I 1