36. The End of the Cold War

CHAPTER 40The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era:

World History 1990-2006

World Civilization: The Global ExperienceFifth Edition

Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert

Copyright 2007, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. The End of the Cold War II. The Spread of Democracy III. The Great Powers and New Disputes IV. The United States as Sole Superpower

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. The End of the Cold War

Soviet Uniondisintegration

invasion of Afghanistan, 1979

A. The Explosion of the 1980s and 1990s

Forced industrializationenvironmental problems

infant mortality up

disease

B. The Age of ReformMikhail Gorbachev

reforms, 1985

nuclear reduction

missiles limited

withdraws from Afghanistan

glasnost

perestroika

foreign investment encouraged

military spending down

new constitution, 1988

re-elected, 1990

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. The End of the Cold War

C. Dismantling the Soviet Empire

Post Soviet Union Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. The End of the Cold War

C. Dismantling the Soviet Empire

Eastern Europe

Soviet troops out

Bulgaria

free elections, 1989

Hungary, Poland

new governments, 1988

Czechoslovakia

new government, 1989

East Germany

communist leaders out, 1989

Berlin Wall falls, 1991Bulgaria, Romania

communists keep some power

Ethnic struggles

Yugoslavia breaks apart

Post Soviet Union Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

I. The End of the Cold War

D. Renewed Turmoil in the 1990s

Gorbachevcoup, 1991Soviet Union dissolved by

late 1991resigns

Boris Yeltsinsucceeds Gorbachevsucceeded by Vladimir

Putin

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. The Spread of Democracy

Spain, Portugal, Greecedemocracies

Latin Americaall but Cuba by 2000Mexico

non-PRI president

South Korea, Taiwandemocracy expanded

Philippinesnew government

South Africaapartheid ended

Nigeriademocratic government,

1999

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. The Spread of DemocracyIndonesia

end of authoritarian government

Georgia, Ukrainedemocratic elections

Uzbekistandemocratization suppressed

Saudi Arabialocal elections

Kuwaitwomen vote

Palestinelocal elections

Egyptopposition repressed

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

II. The Spread of Democracy

A. Democracy and its LimitsChina, North Korea, parts of

Middle East, central Asia

Beijingdemonstrations, 1989,

suppressed

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Great Powers and New Disputes

A. The Former Soviet UnionEthnic conflict

ChechnyaArmenia, AzerbaijanCzechoslovakia splits

YugoslaviaOrthodox SerbsCatholic CroatsSerbsMuslim BosniansSlovenia, Croatia

independent, 1991Serbs attack Croats,

MuslimsNATO intervenesBosnia-Herzegovina

recognizedKosovo

NATO involvementSerbia, Montenegro

replace Yugoslovia

The Implosion of Yugoslavia, 1991-1999

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

III. The Great Powers and New Disputes

B. Endemic ConflictsIraq and Iran

conflictSaddam Hussein

Iraq invades Kuwati, 1990Persian Gulf War, 1991

Palestine and IsraelIndia and Pakistan

Kashmir

C. Ethnic and Other Conflicts: A New Surge

Czechoslovakiapeaceful divisionCzech RepublicSlovakia

Chechnyaindependence, 1990

Sudan, Sierra Leone, LiberiaRwanda

Hutu-Tutsi rivalry

Chapter 40: The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era: World History 1990-2006

Stearns et al., World Civilizations, The Global Experience, 5th Edition Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

IV. The United States as Sole Superpower

European Union

George W. Bush

A. Anti-American Terrorism and Response

September 11, 2001

"War on Terror"

AfghanistanIraq