3

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Code No: W0121/R07

II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, May- 2011

STRENGTH OF MATERIALS - I (Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks

1. a) Derive relation between Young’s modulus (E), Rigidity Modulus (G) and Bulk Modulus

(K) (6M)

b) An axial pull of 35 kN is acting on a bar consisting of three lengths as shown in below

Fig. If the Young’s modulus = 2.1 x 105 N/mm

2, determine: Stresses in each section and

Total extension of the bar. (10M)

2. A tension bar 5 m long is made up of two parts, 3 metre of its length has a cross-sectional

area of 10 cm2 while the remaining 2 metre has a cross-sectional area of 20 cm

2. An axial

load of 80 kN is gradually applied. Find the total strain energy produced in the bar and

compare this value with that obtained in a uniform bar of the same length and having the

same volume when under the same load.

Take E = 2 X 105 N/mm

2. (16M)

3. Draw Shear forces and bending moment diagrams for the beam in figure. Indicate the

numerical values at all important sections. (16M)

4. a) State the assumptions of theory of simple bending and derive the bending equation from

fundamentals. (6M)

b) A beam of I section 250mm deep. The flanges are 12mm thick 150mm wide and the web

is 10mm thick. Compare the flexural strength of the beam section with a rectangular section

of the same material and area whose width is 2/3 the depth. (10M)

1 of 2

15kN/m

75kN

A

C D B

5m 5m

2.5m

50kN

E 2.5m

10kN/m

2 cm dia 3 cm dia 5 cm dia

20cm 25cm 22cm

m

35 KN

35 KN

SET - 1

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Code No: W0121/R07

5. A timber beam of depth 160mm and width 80mm is reinforced with steel plates of 8mm

thick along the longer sides. If bending stresses in the composite beam are to be limited to

100 N/mm2

in steel and 8 N/mm2

in the timber, estimate the maximum permissible bending

moment in the beam. Assume E for steel to be 20 times E for timber. (16M)

6. a) Explain Macaulays method for evaluation of deflection and slopes. (4M)

b) Calculate the deflection at the free end and maximum deflection between A and B for the

beam shown in figure below. Take I = 600 cm4 and E= Es=2×10

5 N/mm

2 (12M)

7. a) Explain in detail the various stresses and the corresponding strains in a thin cylindrical

shell (6M)

b) A thin cylindrical shell 100cm in diameter and 3m long is having 12mm metal thickness.

If the shell is subjected to an internal pressure of 3.0 N/mm2

Determine

i) Change in diameter

ii) Change in length and change in volume. E = 2.0 × 105 N/mm

2. Poisson’s ratio= ¼

(10M)

8. a) Derive Lames equations governing circumferential and radial stresses in a thick cylinder

subjected to internal pressure. (6M)

b) The maximum stress permitted in a thick cylinder of internal and external radii 250mm

and 400mm respectively is 20 N/mm2. If the external pressure is 10 N/mm

2 find the internal

pressure that can be applied. (10M)

2 of 2

5kN/m

A C D B

2m 2m

1.0m

E

2m

8kN

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Code No: W0121/R07






1. a) Explain the salient points of stress strain relationship of a mild steel bar subjected to axial

tension. (6M)

b) A mild steel bar of 30mm diameter and 450mm long is encased centrally inside a hollow

copper tube of external diameter 40mm and inside diameter 35mm.The ends of the rod and

tube are rigidly attached, and the composite bar is subjected to an axial pull of 50kN. If E for

steel and copper is 200GN/m2and 100GN/m

2 respectively, find the stress developed in the

rod and the tube. Find also the extension of the rod. (10M)

2. A uniform metal bar has a cross-sectional area of 700 mm2 and a length of 1.5m. If the stress

at the elastic limit is 160 N/mm2, what will be its proof resilience. Calculate the value of the

gradually applied load which will produce the same extension as that produced by the

suddenly applied load above. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm

2 (16M)

3. Draw Shear forces and bending moment diagrams for the beam in figure. Indicate the

numerical values at all important sections. (16M)

4. A beam of I section 200mm deep. The flanges are 10mm thick 100mm wide and the web is

10mm thick. Compare the flexural strength of the beam section with a rectangular section of

the same material and area whose width is 2/3 the depth. (16M)

5. a) Show that the maximum shear stress is 33.33% greater than the mean shear stress for a

solid circular section. (6M)

b) A timber beam of depth 150mm and width 75mm is reinforced with steel plates of 8mm


100 N/mm2




1 of 2

E

5 kN

A

C D B

2m 2m 2 m

10 kN

1m

5 kNm

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Code No: W0121/R07

6. a) Derive the relation between curvature, slope and deflection of the beam. (6M)

b) A beam 6m long is supported at one end and at point 1m from the other end. The beam

carried a uniformly distributed load of 20kN / m run over the whole length and concentrated

loads of 15 kN at the extreme overhanging end at a section midway between the supports.

Determine the deflection of the overhanging load below the supports. Take E = 2 × 105

N/mm2 and I = 12 × 10

-6 m

4. (10M)

7. A cylindrical thin drum 80 cm in diameter and 3m long has a shell thickness of 1 cm. If the

drum is subjected to an internal pressure of 2.5 N/mm2, determine

i) Change in diameter,

ii) Change in length and

iii) Change in volume. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm

2, Poisson’s ratio = 0.25 (16M)

8. A tube of 90mm internal and 120mm external diameter is to be reinforced by shrinking on a

second tube of 150mm outside diameter. The compound tube is to withstand an internal

pressure of 60 N/mm2 and the shrinkage allowance is to be such that the final maximum

stress in each tube is to be same. Calculate the stress and show diagram of the variation of

hoop stress in the two tubes. (16M)

2 of 2

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Code No: W0121/R07






Assume missing data suitably

1. A steel rod of 3 cm diameter is enclosed centrally in a hollow copper tube of external

diameter 5 cm and internal diameter of 4 cm. The composite bar is then subjected to an axial

pull of 45000 N. If the length of each bar is equal to 15 cm determine: The stresses in the

rod and tube, and Load carried by each bar. Take E for steel is 2 x 105 N/mm

2 E for copper

is 1.1 x 105 N/mm

2 (16M)

2. A tension bar 5 m long is made up of two parts, 3 metre of its length has a cross-sectional

area of 10 cm2 while the remaining 2 metre has a cross-sectional area of 20 cm

2. An axial

load of 80 kN is gradually applied. Find the total strain energy produced in the bar and

compare this value with that obtained in a uniform bar of the same length and having the

same volume when under the same load. Take E = 2x105 N/mm

2. (16M)

3. Draw the S.F. and B.M. diagrams for the overhanging beam carrying uniformly distributed

load of 2 kN/m over the entire length and a point load of 2 kN as shows in Figure. Locate

the point of contraflexure. (16M)

4. a) State the assumptions of theory of simple bending and derive the bending equation from

fundamentals. (6M)

b) A beam is simply supported and carries a uniformly distributed load of 40 kN/m run over

the whole span. The section of the beam is rectangular having depth as 500 mm. If the

maximum stress in the material of the beam is 120 N/mm2 and moment of inertia of the

section is 7 x108 mm

4, find the span of the beam. (10M)

5. A timber beam of depth 160mm and width 80mm is reinforced with steel plates of 8mm


100 N/mm2




1 of 2

B 10 kN/m

2 m 4 m

A D

4 m

C

40 kN 40 kN

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Code No: W0121/R07

6. a) Explain Macaulays method for evaluation of deflection and slopes. (4M)

b) A beam of length 6m is simply supported at its ends and carries a point load of 40 kN at a

distance of 4m from the left support. Find the deflection under the load and maximum

deflection. Also calculate the point at which maximum deflection takes place. Given M.O.I.

of beam = 7.33 x 107 m

4 and E = 2 x 10

5 N/mm

2. (12M)

7. A cylindrical thin drum 75 cm in diameter and 3m long has a shell thickness of 1.2 cm. If

the drum is subjected to an internal pressure of 2.5 N/mm2, determine

i) Change in diameter,

ii) Change in length and

iii) Change in volume. Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm

2, Poisson’s ratio = 0.25 (16M)

8. A tube of 90mm internal and 120mm external diameter is to be reinforced by shrinking on a

second tube of 140mm outside diameter. The compound tube is to withstand an internal

pressure of 75 N/mm2 and the shrinkage allowance is to be such that the final maximum

stress in each tube is to be same. Calculate the stress and show diagram of the variation of

hoop stress in the two tubes. (16M)

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Code No: W0121/R07






Assume missing data suitably

1. a) Explain the salient points of stress strain relationship of a mild steel bar subjected to

axial tension. (6M)

b) A rod 150 cm long and of diameter 2.0 cm is subjected to an axial pull of 20 kN. If the

modulus of elasticity of the material of the rod is 2 x 105 N/mm

2; determine: The stress,

Strain, and Elongation of the rod. (10M)

2. A load of 100 N falls through a height of 2 cm on t a collar rigidly attached to the lower

end of a vertical bar 1.5 m long and of 1.5 cm2 cross-sectional area. The upper end of the

vertical bar is fixed. Determine: maximum instantaneous stress induced in the vertical

bar, maximum instantaneous elongation, and Strain energy stored in the vertical rod.

Take E = 2 x 105 N/mm

2 (16M)

3. Draw the S.F. and B.M. diagrams for the beam which is loaded as shown in Figure.

Determine the points of contraflexure within the span AB (16M)

4. A rolled steel joist of I section has to dimensions: as shown in below Figure. This beam

of I section carries a u.d.l. of 40 kN/m run on a span of 10m, calculate the maximum

stress produced due to bending. (16M)

1 of 2

D B

1000 N

8 m

A

2 m C

3 m

1000 N 1000 N

5 m

E

20 mm

10 mm

200 mm

20 mm

360 mm

200 mm

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Code No: W0121/R07

5. a) Show that the maximum shear stress is 33.33% greater than the mean shear stress for a

solid circular section. (6M)

b) A timber beam of depth 100mm and width 75mm is reinforced with steel plates of

8mm thick along the longer sides. If bending stresses in the composite beam are to be

limited to 110 N/mm2


in the timber, estimate the maximum

permissible bending moment in the beam. Assume E for steel to be 20 times E for timber.

(10M)

6. a) Derive the relation between curvature, slope and deflection of the beam. (6M)

b) A beam of length 6m is simply supported at its ends and carries two point loads of 48

kN and 40 kN at a distance of 1m and 3m respectively from the left support. Find:

i) Deflection under each load,

ii) Maximum deflection,

iii) Point at which maximum deflection occurs. Given E = 2 x 105 N/mm

2 and I = 85 x

106 m

4. (10M)

7. a) Explain in detail the various stresses and the corresponding strains in a thin cylindrical

shell (6M)

b) A thin cylindrical shell 120cm in diameter and 3m long is having 12mm metal

thickness. If the shell is subjected to an internal pressure of 3.5 N/mm2

Determine

i) Change in diameter

ii) Change in length and change in volume. E = 2.0 × 105 N/mm

2,Poisson’s ratio= ¼

(10M)

8. a) Derive Lames equations governing circumferential and radial stresses in a thick

cylinder subjected to internal pressure. (6M)

b) The maximum stress permitted in a thick cylinder of internal and external radii 250mm

and 450mm respectively is 25 N/mm2. If the external pressure is 15 N/mm

2 find the

internal pressure that can be applied. (10M)

2 of 2

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Code No: X0224/R07


SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN

(Com. to EEE, EIE, BME, ECC)




1. a) Represent the decimal number 7,613 in

i) BCD

ii) excess-3 code,

iii) 2421 code, and

iv) a 6311 code. (8M+8M)

b) Explain error correction and error detection codes with examples.

2. a) Convert the following expressions into sum of products and product of sums

i) (AB+C)(B+C1D)

ii) x1+x(x+y

1) (y+z

1)

b) Obtain the dual of the following Boolean expressions

i) (AB1+AC

1)(BC+BC

1)(ABC)

ii) AB1C+A

1BC+ABC

iii) (ABC)

1(A+B+C)

1

iv) A+B1C(A+B+C

1) (8M+8M)

3. Simplify the following Boolean function by finding the essential prime implecants.

f(A,B,C,D) = � (1,3,4,5,6,10,11,12,13,14,15) (16M)

4. Implement the following Boolean function by a Hazard free OR- AND network

f=�m (0,2,6,7) and explain in detail what are the Hazards encountered in implementing the

above function. (16M)

5. a) List the PLA programming table for the BCD to excess -3 code converter.

b) Realize f=�m (0,2,3,7,9,11,15,16) using PAL (8M+8M)

6. a) Define the following terms in connection with a flip-flop.

i) Setup time

ii) Hold time

iii) Propagation Delay

iv) Preset

b) Compare merits and demerits of ripple and synchronous counters. (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0224/R07

7. a) Find the equivalent partition for the given machine and a standard form of the

corresponding machine. (8M+8M)

PS NS, Z

X=0 X=1

A B.0 E.0

B E,0 D,0

C D,1 A,0

D C,1 E,0

E B,0 D.0

b) Convert the following Mealy machine into a corresponding Moore machine.

PS NS,Z

X=0 X=1

A B.0 E.0

B E,0 D,0

C D,1 A,0

D C,1 E,0

E B,0 D.0

8. a) Explain in detail the Mealy state diagram and ASM chart for it with an example.

b) Show that 8 exit paths in an ASM block emanating from the decision boxes that check the

eight possible binary values of three control variables X, Y, Z. (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0224/R07







1. a) What is a hamming code? Explain with an example. (8M+8M)

b) Find the 9’s and 10’s complement of the following decimal numbers.

i) 984573

ii) 645433

iii) 870865

2. a) Simplify the following Boolean expressions (8M+8M)

i) A1C

1+ABC+AC

1 to three literals

ii) (x1y

1+z)

1+z+xy+ wz to three literals

iii)A1B(D

1+C

1D)+B(A+A

1CD) to one literal

iv) (A1+C)(A

1+C

1)(A+B+C

1D) to four literals

b) Briefly describe about the standard form and canonical form of switching functions with

suitable examples.

3. Simplify the following using tabulation method. (16M)

F(A,B,C,D,E) = � (0,2,4,5,6,7,8,10,14,17,18,21,29,31) +d � (11,20,22)

4. Implement the following function with a multiplexer, with an 8X1 multiplexer?

F(A,B,C,D)= � (0,3,5,6,8,9,14,15) (16M)

5. a) Tabulate the PLA programming table for the four Boolean functions listed below:

A(x,y,z) = � m (1,2,4,6)

B(x,y,z) = � m (0,1,6,7)

C(x,y,z)= � m (2,6)

D(x,y,z) = � m (1,2,3,5,7)

b) Realize XOR gate using three threshold gates. (8M+8M)

6. a) Design a mod-6 synchronous counter using J-K flip flops. (10M+6M)

b) What is meant race around condition? Explain how it is avoided in master and slave JK

flip flop.

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Code No: X0224/R07

7. a) Define successor, terminal state and strongly connected machines. (8M+8M)

b) Find the equivalence partition for the machine given below.

Input, w

Present State Next state Next Output, z

0 1 0 1

A B E 0 0

B E D 0 0

C D A 1 0

D C E 1 0

E B D 0 0

8. Construct ASM block that has 3 input variables (A,B,C),4 output variables (W,X,Y,Z)

and 2 exit paths. For this block output Z is always 1, and W is 1 if A and B both are 1. If

C=1 and A=0, Y=1 and exit path 1 is taken. If C= 0 or A=1, X=1 and exit path 2 is taken

Realize the above using multiplexer and register.

(16M)

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Code No: X0224/R07







1. A 12-bit Hamming code containing 8 bits of data and 4 parity bits is read from a memory.

What was the original 8 bit data word that was written in to the memory if 12 bit words read

out is as follows? (16M)

i) 001111000010

ii) 010110010110

iii) 110010110100

iv) 011001010111b)

2. a) Simplify the following Boolean expressions to minimum number of literals. (8M+8M)

i) x1�� 1

+xy+x1y

ii) xy1+y

1 z

1+x

1z

1

iii) x1+xy+xz

1+xy

1z

1

iv) (x+y) (x+y1)

b) Obtain the complement of the following Boolean expressions.

i) AB+A(B+C)+B1(B+D)

ii) A+B+A1B

1C

iii) A1B+A

1BC

1+A

1BCD+A

1BC

1D

1E

iv) ABEF+ABE1F

1+A

1B

1EF

3. a) Construct K-map for the following expression and obtain minimal SOP expression.

Implement the function with 2 level NAND-NAND form. (8M+8M)

f (A,B,C,D) = (A+C+D)(A+B+��)(A+B+��)(��+B+��)(��+B+��)

b)Implement the following Boolean function F using 2 level form.

F(A,B,C,D) = �( 0,1,2,3,4,8,9,10,11,12)

i) NAND-AND

ii) AND-OR

4. a) F (w,x,y,z) = �m(0,1,4,7,9,12,14) Realize using 1:16 de-Mux

b) What is meant by hazards in combinational circuit? How do you design hazard free

circuit explain with suitable example. (8M+8M)

5. Realize the following functions using PLA with 6 input 4 output and 10 AND gates

f1(A,B,C,D,E,F) = � m( 0,1,2,3,7,8,9,10,11,12,15,32,33,34,35,39,40,41,42,43,45,47)

f2(A,B,C,D,E,F) = � m( 8,9,10,11,12,14,21,25,27,40,41,42,43,44,46,57,59) (16M)

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Code No: X0224/R07

6. a) Explain the operation of 5-stage twisted ring counter with circuit diagram State transition

diagram& state table. (8M+8M)

b) Compare synchronous & Asynchronous circuits.

7. Find the equivalence partition and a corresponding reduced machine in standard form

(16M)

PS NS,Z

X=0 X=1

A B.0 E.0

B E,0 D,0

C D,1 A,0

D C,1 E,0

E B,0 D.0

F C,1 C,1

G C,1 D,1

H C,1 A,1

8. a) Draw the ASM chart for the following state transition, start from the initial state T1, then

if xy = 00 go to T2, if xy =01 go to T3, if xy =10 go to T1, otherwise go to T3.

b) Show the exit paths in an ASM block for all binary combinations of control variables x, y

and z, starting from the initial state.

(10M+6M)

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Code No: X0224/R07







1. a) Design single error correcting hamming code for standard BCD and explain how the error

is detected and corrected.

b) Describe the representation of negative numbers

(345)10-(513)10 using Excess-3 code with 10’s complement method (8M+8M)

2. a) Reduce the following Boolean expression to the minimum number of literals

i) xy + yz + xyz + xz

ii) xy+x1z+yz

iii) (x+y)(x+y1)

b) Express the complement of the following function in sum of minter’s forms

i) F(x,y,z) = xy+xz

ii) F(A,B,C)= �(2,4,5,7) (8M+8M)

3. a) Reduce the following using K-map and implement it in NAND logic.

F =�m(0,1,2,3,5,76,8,9,10,12,13)

b) Reduce the following using K-map

F =�m(4,5,6,7,8,12,13)+d(1,15) (10M+6M)

4. a) Explain the operation of priority encoder.

b) Write short notes on 3 to 8 line decoder? (8M+8M)

5. a) Use a 32x4 ROM to convert 4 bit binary number to 4 bit grey code converter.

b) Write a brief note on

i) Architecture of PLD’s

ii) Capabilities and limitations of threshold gates (8M+8M)

6. a) Design mod-6 synchronous counter using JK flip-flops.

b) Compare combinational and sequential circuits. (10M+6M)

7. a) What are the capabilities and limitations of Final State Machine?

b) A clocked sequential circuit is provided with a single input x and a single output z.

Whenever the input produce a string of pulses 1 1 1 or 0 0 0 and at the end of the sequence it

produce an output z = 1 and overlapping is also allowed. Find equivalence classes using

partition method and design the circuit using D Flip flops. (6M+10M)

8. Construct ASM block that has 3 input variables (D,E,F) and 4 output variables (P,Q,R,S)

and 2 exit paths. For this block output P is always 1, and Q is 1 if D=1.If D and F both are 1

or if D and E are zero, R=1 and exit path 2 is taken. If (D=0 and E=1)or (D=1 and

F=0,)S=1and exit path 1 is taken. Realize it with PLA and 2 D flip-flops. Draw the block

diagram and give the PLA table. (16M)

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Code No: X0322/R07


OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (Com. to ME, AME, MM)




�

1. a) What are the advantages of OOP?

b) What is composition? Explain the purpose of composition?

c) Explain the concept polymorphism in detail.

2. a) Explain the parameter passing techniques in Java with an example each.

b) What is the use of finalize() method?

c) Explain the Garbage collection in Java.

3. a) Explain Dynamic method dispatch with an example.

b) Explain the usage of super keyword with suitable examples.

4. a) What are the differences between classes and interfaces?

b) Write a Java program to count the number of words and number of characters in a

given line of text.

5. a) Explain the usage of throw and throws keywords with suitable examples.

b) Explain thread synchronization with an example.

6. a) What are the differences between AWT components and swing components?

b) Write a Java program to display circle inside a square.

c) Explain the usage grid layout with an example.

7. a) Explain the life cycle methods of an applet.

b) Explain any two swing components with an example each.

8. a) Write a Java program to print the IP Address of a system.

b) Explain the Random and HashTable classes of Java.util pacakage.

�

�

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Code No: X0322/R07






1. a) What are the characteristics of OOP language?

b) What is an abstraction and why is it important?

c) What is inheritance? And what are its advantages?

2. a) Explain the Java Buzz Words?

b) What are Jump statements in Java? Explain them with suitable examples.

3. a) Compare method overloading with method overriding.

b) Explain the various types access specifiers in Java.

4. a) Write a Java program to copy the contents of one file into another file.

b) Write short notes on ‘CLASSPATH’

c) What is the output of the following program.

Class XYZ

{

Public static void main(String args[ ])

{

String S1 = “Hello”;

String S2 = new string(S1);

System.out.println(S1 + “equals” + S2 +”---->” + Sl.equals (S2));

System.out.println (S1 + “== “+S2+”---->”+(S1==S2));

}

}

5. a) What are the benefits of exception handling?

b) What is a checked exception? Explain how they are handled.

c) Explain the syntax and usage of isAlive( ) and join( ) methods of thread class.

6. a) Explain the handling of keyboard events with an example.

b) Explain in detail about AdjustmentEvent and ComponentEvent classes.

7. a) Write the attributes of applet tag.

b) Write an applet program to handle TextEvent.

8. a) Compare socket programming with UDP programming.

b) Explain the usage of InetAddress class with an example.

�

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Code No: X0322/R07






1. a) Explain Data encapsulation, Inheritance and polymorphism in OOP.

b) What is the need for OOP paradigm.

c) Explain method binding.

2. a) Write a recursive program to find the factorial of a given integer.

b) Explain the use of this keyword with an example.

c) What are differences between String and String Buffer classes in Java.

3. a) What is inheritance? Explain various forms of Inheritance with an example.

b) What is an abstract class? Explain it with an example.

4. a) Explain the creation and implementation of an interface with an example.

b) Explain the usage of Sequence Inputstream class with a suitable example.

5. a) Write the differences between multi threading and multitasking.

b) Explain the life cycle of a thread.

c) Explain the creation and usage of your own exception with a suitable example.

6. a) What is an adapter class? Explain the handling of MOUSE_ PRESSED event with

Mouse adapter class.

b) Explain the border and card layout managers with suitable examples.

7. a) What are the differences between applets and applications.

b) Explain the life cycle of an applet.

c) Explain about JButton class.

8. a) What is an URL? Write a Java program to parse an URL.

b) Explain the StringTokenizer and HashTable classes of java.util package.

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Code No: X0322/R07






1. a) Explain the basic concepts of OOP.

b) What is Inheritance and what are its advantages?

c) Explain various forms of Inheritance.

2. a) Explain the relational operators in Java with suitable examples.

b) What is an In-line function and what are its advantages?

c) Java does not support goto statement. Why?

3. a) Explain method overriding with an example?

b) Explain the usage of final keyword with Inheritance with an example.

c) What are the benefits of inheritance.

4. a) Explain defining, creating and accessing a package with suitable examples.

b) List and explain the string comparison methods of the String class.

5. a) Explain the usage of try, catch and finally keywords with suitable examples.

b) Explain the usage wait(), notify() and notifyAll () methods with an example.

6. a) Write a java program to display a string in different fonts and different colors.

b) What is default layout for frame and panel?

c) Compare getSource() and get Actioncommand () methods.

7. a) What are the limitations of AWT components.

b) Explain passing parameters to an applet with an example.

8. a) Write a simple client server program using socket classes.

b) Explain any two classes of the java.util package.

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Code No: X0425/R07


ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

(Electronics and Communication Engineering)




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1. Analyze general transistor amplifier circuit using h parameter model. Derive the expressions

for AI, AV, Ri, Ro, AIs and AVs. (16M)

2. a) When 2-stage of identical amplifiers are cascaded, obtain the expressions for overall

voltage gain, current gain and power gain.

b) Four identical cascaded stages have an overall upper 3-dB frequency of 20 kHz and a

lower 3-dB frequency of 20 Hz. What are fL and fH of each stage? Assume non interacting

stages. (8+8M)

3. a) From the hybrid-� equivalent circuit of a BJT at high frequencies, derive an expression

for output, input conductance’s (gce and gbc) and the trans-conductance (gm) in terms of its

low frequency hybrid parameters.

b) Compute the values of overall higher and lower cut-off frequencies if the individual

higher and lower cutoff frequencies of a two identical amplifier cascade are 16 kHz and

1.2kHz respectively. (8+8M)

4. a) Show that even harmonics cancel out and overall distortion reduces in a class B amplifier

when connected in push-pull configuration.

b) For a class B amplifier driven from a 24 volt power supply and driving an 8� load,

compute

i) input power (DC)

ii) Output power

iii) Conversion efficiency if the peak-peak output voltage across the load resistance is 22

volts (maximum). (8+8M)

5. a) Draw and explain the circuit diagram of a single tuned Capacitance coupled amplifier.

Also explain its operation?

b) Draw and explain the significance of Gain versus Frequency curve of tuned amplifiers

when they are used in radio amplifiers?

c) Draw the Ideal and actual frequency response curves of a single tuned amplifier?

(8+4+4M)

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6. a) Compare and explain the frequency response of single tuned, double tuned and staggered

tuned amplifiers.

b) A single tuned RF amplifier uses a transistor with an output resistance of 60k�, output

capacitance of 20pF and input resistance of next stage is 20k�. The tuned circuit consists of

47pF capacitance in parallel with series combination of 1µH inductance and 4� resistance.

Calculate:

i) Resonant frequency

ii) Effective quality factor

iii) Bandwidth of the circuit.

(8+8M)

7. a) Draw a neat circuit of transistor shunt regulator and explain its principle.

b) A simple Zener diode regulator uses a 12V Zener diode with series resistance of

100�.The unregulated supply is15V. Determine:

i) The necessary power rating of the Zener.

ii) The highest load current that can be supplied with the diode if Rz is 10� and Izmin = 5mA.

(8+8M)

8. Describe the functioning of the following briefly:

a) Full wave voltage doublers and triplers.

b) Three-terminal IC voltage regulator.

c) Uninterrupted power supply (VPS). (6+5+5M)

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1. a) Derive the expressions for Ai, Av of CE amplifier circuit. Explain how Ai and Av are

effected by RL.

c) Consider a single stage amplifier with Rs = 1k�, R1 = 50k�, R2 = 2k�, Rc = 1k�,

RL = 1.2k�,hfe = 50, hie= 1.1k�, hoe = hre= 0; Find AI, Ri, Ro, AV and power gain.

(8M+8M)

2. a) Sketch two RC-coupled CE transistor stages. Show the middle and low frequency model

for one stage. Write the expressions for current gains.

d) Draw the circuit diagram of cascade amplifier with and without biasing circuit. What is

the advantage of this? (12M+4M)

3. Derive all components in the Hybrid-� model interms of h parameters in CE configuration.

(16M)

4. a) Show that the conversion efficiency of a class B power amplifier is 78.2%. Use class B

amplifier in complementary symmetry configuration for analysis and discussion.

b) What is cross over distortion? Suggest a method/configuration of power amplifier in

which cross over distortion can be eliminated. (8M+8M)

5. a) Based on the circuit diagram and equivalent circuit of a capacitively single stage tuned

amplifier, Derive expressions to interrelate Bandwidth, resonant frequency and Quality

factors.

b) Discuss about any two applications of a tuned amplifier. (8M+8M)

6. a) Explain the concept of staggered tuned amplifier with the help of frequency response.

b) A single tuned transistor amplifier is used to amplifier modulated RF carrier of 500 KHz

and bandwidth of 20 KHz. The circuit has a total output resistance Rt = 40K� and output

capacitance Co = 50PF. Calculate values of inductance and capacitance of the tuned circuit.

(8M+8M)

7. a) What type of protection circuits are required in power supplies?

b) A 50V power supply has line regulation of 0.2%V. How large would the 75V input

voltage to the supply have to become for the output voltage to rise to 52V?

c) Give the disadvantages of the series and shunt regulators. (4M+6M+6M)

8. a) Explain the operation of IC voltage regulator with neat sketches.

b) Explain the current limiting feature of IC723 voltage regulator. (8M+8M)

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1. a) Draw the circuit diagrams of common emitter and common collector amplifier. From the

equivalent circuit of both CE and CC amplifiers when RL is short circuited, show that their

input impedances become equal.

b) Compare the 3 BJT amplifier configurations, CE and CC and CB interms of input &

output impedances and voltage & current gains. (8M+8M)

2. a) Draw and explain the two stage amplifier with Darlington connections. Give the

advantage of this circuit.

b) An amplifier consists of 3 identical stages in cascade. The bandwidth of overall amplifier

extends from 20Hz to 20kHz. Calculate the bandwidth of individual stage.

(8M+8M)

3. a) Draw Hybrid-� model for a transistor in the CE configuration and explain the significance

of every component in this model.

b) Given a germanium p-n-p transistor whose base width is 10-4

cm. at room temperature and

for a dc emitter current of 2mA. Find

i) Emitter diffusion capacitance

ii) fT [Assume Diffusion constant as 47 cm2/sec]. (8M+8M)

4. a) Explain about transformer-coupled class-A power amplifier.

b) Derive the expression for efficiency to class-C power amplifier. (6M+10M)

5. a) Explain what happens to the gain because of the presence of feedback capacitance from

collector to base in single tuned BJT amplifier circuit?

b) Explain in detail the Unilateralization technique with the help of circuit diagram?

c) Explain the difference between Neutralization and Unilateralization techniques?

(4M+8M+4M)

6. a) Draw the Gain versus Frequency response of uncompensated and high frequency

compensated CE wide band amplifier assuming that the lower 3dB frequency is zero.

b) Explain High frequency compensation and what are the methods provided to achieve

High frequency compensation in a CE amplifier? (8M+8M)

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7. a) With the help of suitable circuit diagram explain the operation of a series voltage

regulator with simple current limiting feature implemented.

b) Compute the value of RSC in a current limited series voltage regulator which initiates

current limiting action for fixing the maximum load current to 180mA from a 24 volt

regulator. Estimate whether the regulator is in current limiting for load resistance of

i) 100� and

ii) 20�. (8M+8M)

8. a) Explain the significance of Low Pass Filter in Switching Regulator.

b) What are the limitations of Switching Regulators?

c) Why switching frequencies are limited in switching regulator and also explain how to

overcome this. (6M+4M+6M)��

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1. a) For a single stage transistor amplifier, RS = 10k� and RL = 10k�. The h-parameter

values are hfc = -51, hic = 1.1k�, hrc = 1, hoc = 25µA/V. Find AI, AV, AVS, Ri, Ro for the CC

transistor configuration.

b) For a single stage transistor amplifier, RS = 5K� and RL = 10K�. The h-parameter

values are hfe = 50, hie = 1.1K�, hre = 2.5 x10-4

, hoe = 25µA/V. Find AI, AV, AVS, Ri, Ro for

the CE transistor configuration. (8M+8M)

2. a) Explain the significance of Miller’s theorem in transistor circuit analysis.

b) Draw the circuit diagram of Difference amplifier and explain its operation.

c) Write a short note on Gain-Bandwidth product of amplifiers. (6M+5M+5M)

3. a) If the overall lower and higher cut-off frequencies of a two identical amplifier cascade

are 600 Hz and 18 KHz respectively, compute the values of the individual cut-off

frequencies of both the amplifier stages.

b) Derive expressions for overall � and overall input impedance of a Darlington pair with

individual transistor �’s given as �1 and �2. Assume other parameters required. (8M+8M)

4. a) What is the drawback of class B amplifier? How it is going to overcome using class AB

amplifier with neat diagrams.

b) Write about the operation of a class D amplifier. (8M+8M)

5. a) Explain in detail the three undesirable effects produced by the feedback network in a

single tuned BJT amplifier with the help of circuit diagram and its equivalent circuit.

b) Explain what mismatching is and why it is used in single tuned amplifiers. (8M+8M)

6. Explain what do you mean by synchronous tuning of tuned amplifiers? Draw the

frequency response of a synchronously tuned amplifier showing the response of individual

stages and overall responses? (16M)

7. a) Explain why voltage regulators are required for a DC power supply operating from an

AC source?

b) A power supply has a voltage regulation of 1%. If the no load voltage is 30V what is the

full load voltage?

c) Give the differences between Load and Line Regulations. (6M+4M+6M)

8. a) Differentiate between step-up switching voltage regulator and voltage multipliers.

b) Compare and contrast IC 723 and 3-terminal adjustable voltage regulators. (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0524/R07


DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN

(Com. to CSE, IT)




1. a) Perform the following operations using 1’s complement method and compare the same

with the direct method.

i) (1010)2 –(1111)2 ii) (1010)2 – (1000)2 (8M)

b) Add the following numbers using 2’s complement method.

i) -48 and +31 ii) 1101 and 1110

iii) -64 and -13 iv) 63 and 37 (8 M)

2. a) Define the terms ‘minterm’ and ‘canonical SOP Expression’. With an example give the

procedure to obtain the canonical SOP form of a logic function. (8 M)

b) Obtain the canonical SOP form for the following switching functions.

i)Y(A,B) = A+B

ii) Y(A,B,C,D) = AB+ACD (8 M)

3. a) Simplify the expression Y = �(7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) using the k-map method.

(8 M)

b) Obtain i) Minimal SOP and ii) Minimal POS expressions for the function given below.

i) F(A,B,C,D) = �m(0,1,1,5,8,9,10) (8 M)

4. a) Give the steps involved in the design procedure of a combinational Circuit.

(6 M)

b) Design and draw the combinational logic circuit that converts BCD code to Excess-3

code with an example. (10 M)

5. A Sequential circuit with two D flip-flops A and B, two inputs x and y and one

Output z is specified by the following next-state and output equations.

A(t + 1) = x y + xA, z = B and B(t + 1) = x B + xA

Design, draw and explain the logic circuit diagram, State table and its state diagram.

(16 M)

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6. a) Compare synchronous & Asynchronous sequential circuits with respect to various

features. (6 M)

b) Design and draw the logic circuit diagram of a Mod-6 synchronous counter using J-K flip

flops. (10 M)

7. Design and draw a PLA structure using AND and OR logic for the following switching

functions.

F1= �m(0,1,8,11,12,15), F2=�m(2,3,6,7,8,9,12,13)

F3=�m(1,3,7,8,9,11,12,15) and F4=�m(0,1,4,8,11,12,15)

Give the design considerations. (16 M)

8. a) An asynchronous sequential circuit has two inputs x1 and x2 and Output z, input x2 is

driven by noise free switch. The circuit is to be designed such that a pulse an input x1

occuring after x2 has been pressed is transmitted to ‘z’. Derive the excitation and output

equations for the circuit. (8 M)

b) Find a static hazard-free realization of the following switching function.

F(a,b,c,d) = m(2,3,6,7,10,11,13,15) (8 M)

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Code No: X0524/R07



(Com. to CSE, IT)




1. a) Convert the following numbers:

i) (6753)8 to base 10

ii) (00111101:0101)2 base 8 and base 4.

iii) (95:75)10 to base 2. (8 M)

b) Represent +65 and -65 in sign-magnitude, Sign-1's complement and Sign-2's

Complement formats. (8 M)

2. a) What is max term and canonical POS Expression? Give the procedure to obtain the

canonical POS form of a logic function with an example. (8 M)

b) Obtain the canonical SOP form for the following switching functions.

i) ))()((),,( CACBBACBAY +++=

ii) CBAY += (8 M)

3. Obtain the minimal SOP expression for the following switching function.

Y= �m(1,5,7,13,14,15,17,18,21,22,25,29) + �d(6,9,19,23,30)

Draw and ex plain the logic diagram obtained. (16 M)

4. a) Implement the following Boolean function using a multiplexer.

F (x, y, z) = �(2, 4, 6) (8 M)

b) Perform the logic realization of a two-bit word comparator to compare two words A=A1

A0 and B = B1 B0 in binary code. (8 M)

5. Design a sequential logic circuit with two JK flip-flops A and B with one input X and one

output Y specified by the following equations.

A (t + 1) = AX + BX, B (t + 1) = A X and Y = A X + B X

Design, draw and explain the logic circuit diagram, State table and its state diagram.

(16 M)

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Code No: X0524/R07

6. a) Design and draw a sequence detector which detects 110010 using D-flip flops.

(8 M)

b) Classify the logic circuits with respect to synchronous, asynchronous, clock mode and

pulse mode of operation. Give suitable examples. (8 M)

7. Define the term ‘PAL’. Design and draw a PAL circuit to implement the following

combinational logic functions.

F1=�m(1,2,3,5,7,8,10,12,14) and F2=�m(7,11,13,14,15)

Give the design considerations. (16 M)

8. Design and draw a negative-edge-triggered T-flip flop with the following design

specifications.

The circuit has two inputs T (toggle) and C (clock), and one output Q. The output state is

complemented if T=1 and the clock C changes from 1 to 0(negative-edge-triggering).

Otherwise, under any other input condition, the output Q remains unchanged. Although this

circuit can be used as a flip-flop in clocked sequential circuits, the internal design of the flip-

flop is an asynchronous problem.

i) Derive a primitive flow table

ii) Reduce the flow table by merging the rows (16 M)

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Code No: X0524/R07



(Com. to CSE, IT)




1. a) Convert the following hexa-decimal notation to octal format.

i) 45A.H ii) A54.BH iii) CD.FH iv) AD.54H (8 M)

b) Assume that X is the 2’s complement of an n-bit binary number Y. Prove that the 2’s

complement of X is Y. (8 M)

2. Given the Boolean function

F = WXYYXWXYWZYXZYX ++++

i) Obtain the truth table and draw the logic diagram.

ii) Simplify the function to a minimum number of literals using Boolean algebra.

iii) Obtain the logic diagram from the simplified expression and compare the total

number of gates with the diagram of part (i). (16 M)

3. a) Implement the following Boolean function with NAND gates. Draw and explain the logic

diagram.

F(x, y, z) = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) (8 M)

b) Explain the AND-OR-INVERT and OR-AND-INVERT implementations with suitable

examples. (8 M)

4. a) Design a combinational logic circuit to subtract one bit from the other. Draw the relevant

logic diagram using universal gates. (8 M)

b) Realize the Boolean function T(X, Y, Z) = �m(1, 3, 4, 5) using logic gates for hazard

free. (8 M)

5. a) Using PLA logic, implement a BCD to excess 3 code converter. Draw its truth table and

logic diagram. (8 M)

b) Convert the following.

i) R-S flip-flop to J-K-flip-flop

ii) J-K flip-flop to D- flip-flop (8 M)

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6. a) Design and draw the Modulo-6 gray code counter using k-Map. (8 M)

b) Draw and explain the circuit diagram of 4-bit ring counter using D-flip flops. (8 M)

7. a) A combinational logic circuit is defined by the following switching functions.

F1 (a, b, c) = �m (3, 5, 6, 7) F2 (a, b, c) = �m (0, 2, 4, 7)

Implement the circuit using PLA. (8 M)

b) Design BCD-to- decimal decoder using unused combinations of the BCD code as don’t

care conditions. (8 M)

8. a) Give the procedure for obtaining a transition table from the circuit diagram of an

asynchronous sequential circuit. Consider an example. (8 M)

b) Draw the logic diagram for the expression Y= (x1 + x’2) (x2 + x3). Show that there is a 0-

hazard when x1 and x3 are equal to 0 and x2 goes from 0 to 1. Find a way to remove the

hazard by adding one or more OR gate. (8 M)

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Code No: X0524/R07



(Com. to CSE, IT)




1. a) Subtract the following decimal numbers using the 9’s complement method.

i) 19-12 ii) 39-15 iii) 349-436 iv) 49-84 (8 M)

b) Convert the following.

i) [643]10 to excess-3 code ii) [96.42]10 to BCD code (8 M)

2. a) State the Demorgan’s theorems and simplify the expression

)( BABAABCBA +++ . (8 M)

b) Implement the following Boolean function using AND, OR and inverter logic gates.

F = XY + X Y + Y Z. (8 M)

3. a) Simplify the expression Y = �m(7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15) using the k-map method.

(8 M)

b) Find output the four variable K-map when the min terms 0 to 3 and 8 to 11 are filled

with logic HIGH. (8 M)

4. a) Construct a 16×1 multiplexer with two 8×1 and 2×1 multiplexers. Draw the relevant

logic diagrams. (8 M)

b) Implement the following Boolean function using 8×1 multiplexer.

F(A,B,C,D)= � m(0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14) (8 M)

5. a) Derive the PLA programming table for the combinational circuit that squares

three-bit number. (8 M)

b) A ROM chip of 4,096 × 8 bits has two clip select inputs and operates from a 5-volt

power supply. How many pins are needed for the integrated circuit package? Draw the

block diagram of this ROM. (8 M)

6. a) Develop HDL behavioral descriptions of a 4-bit shift register. Draw the relevant logic

diagram. (8 M)

b) Write the HDL structural description of the 4- bit binary counter with parallel load.

(8 M)

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7. a) Design a combinational logic circuit using a ROM. The circuit accepts a 3-bit number

and generates an output binary number equal to the square of the input number. (8 M)

b) Implement the following switching functions using PLA.

F1=� (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7) F2=� (1, 3, 5, 7)

F3= �(0, 2, 3, 6). (8 M)

8. a) Draw and explain the operation and uses of de- bounce circuit. (8 M)

b) An asynchronous sequential circuit is described by the excitation and output functions.

Y = x1x�2 + (x1 + x�2)y Z = y

Implement the circuit with NOR-SR and with NAND-SR latches. (8 M)

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Code No: X0821/R07


ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

(Chemical Engineering)




1. a) Define Self and Mutual Inductances.

b) In the Circuit shown below, Find the value of resistance “R”, when Power Consumed by

12� Resistor is 36 W. (6M+10M)

2. a) Define Resonant Frequency.

b) What are the merits and Demerits of Series circuit?

c) Compute the Maximum and RMS Values of the following quantity:

10sin�t-17.3cos�t (4M+6M+6M)

3. a) Explain Magnetization Characteristics of DC generators.

b) The Armature of a 8-Pole DC Generator has 960 conductors and runs at 400 rpm.The flux

per pole is 40mwb. Calculate the induced EMF, if the armature is:

i) Lap-wound

ii) Wave wound (8M+8M)

4. a) How is the efficiency of DC Motor determined by the direct loading method?

b) A 250V Shunt motor has a Shunt field resistance of 250�, and an armature resistance of

0.5 �. When running on no-load, it takes 5A from the lines, and its speed is 1500 rpm.

Calculate its speed, when taking 50A from the lines. (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0821/R07

5. a) Derive the EMF equation of a Transformer.

b) A 1-�, 4 kVA Transformer has 400 Primary turns, and 1000 secondary turns. The net

cross sectional area of the core is 60cm2. When the primary is connected to 500V, 50Hz

supply, calculate:

i) The Maximum flux density in the core

ii) The Voltage Induced in secondary winding (8M+8M)

6. a) Give the difference between an Induction Motor and Transformer

b) A 3-� Induction motor has starting torque of 100% and maximum torque of 200% of full

load torque. Find slip at maximum torque. (8M+8M)

7. Derive the emf equation in alternators and Explain the necessity of O.C & S.C tests in

alternators. (6M+10M)

8. a) Bring out the advantages and disadvantages of M.I and M.C Instruments.

b) Bring out the differences between various methods of producing controlling torque.

(8M+8M)

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Code No: X0821/R07







1. a) Define Electrical energy and Give different forms of expressions for electrical power

with Units

b) In the Circuit Shown below, determine the Power consumed by 2� resistor (6M+10M)

2. a) Explain Series Resonance and also Define Quality factor.

b) Calculate the RMS value, Average Value, Peak factor and form factor of sinusoidal

voltage of peak value of 100V. (8M+8M)

3. a) What are the different types of generators?

b) The armature of a 8-pole DC generator has 960 conductors and runs at 400rpm. The flux

per Pole is 40mwb. At what speed should it be driven to generate 400V, if the armature

were Wave-connected (8M+8M)

4. a) Derive the Torque equation of a DC motor.

b) A 200V Shunt motor, running at 700 rpm, has an armature resistance of 0.45 �, and

takes armature current of 22A. What resistance should be placed in series with the armature

to reduce the speed to 450 rpm? (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0821/R07

5. Explain the working of Transformer at No load and Full load conditions with neat

diagrams. (16M)

6. a) Compare squirrel cage and slip ring motors

b) A 3-�, 6 pole,50Hz Induction motor ha slip of 1% at no-load, and full load. Find

i) Synchronous speed.

ii) No-load speed.

iii) Full-load speed.

iv) Frequency of rotor current at stand still. (8M+8M)

7. a) Explain working principle and operation of an alternator.

b) Explain the term synchronous Impedance. (12M+4M)

8. With a neat Sketch explain:

a) Moving Iron attraction type instrument

b) Working of moving coil Ammeter (8M+8M)

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Code No: X0821/R07







1. a) State and explain Faradays laws

b) Using KVL determine total current drawn from the source and also current in 15�

resistance of the following circuit (6M+10M)

2. a) Give a detailed comparison of Series and Parallel circuits.

b) Find the RMS value of a resultant current in a wire, which carries simultaneously a

direct current of 5A, and a sinusoidal alternating current with a peak value of 5A.

(8M+8M)

3. a) Explain Load characteristics of DC shunt generator.

b) Calculate the flux per pole required for a 4-pole generator with 360 conductors

generating 250V at 1000rpm, when the armature is: i)Lap- wound, ii) Wave- wound

(8M+8M)

4. a) Explain different types of motors

b) A 230V DC shunt motor runs at1000rpm on full load drawing a current of 10A. The

shunt field resistance is 230�, and the armature resistance is 0.5�. Calculate the

resistance to be inserted in series with the armature so that speed at full load is 950 rpm.

(6M+10M)

5. a) Explain Short circuit test of a transformer.

b) A 50 kVA , 1-� transformer has 600 turns on primary, and 40 turns on secondary. The

primary winding is connected to 2.2kV, 50Hz supply. Determine:

i) Secondary voltage at no load

ii) Primary and secondary currents at full load (8M+8M)

1 of 2

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Code No: X0821/R07

6. a) Explain working principle and operation of 3-� Induction motor

b) A 3-�, 50Hz, 4-pole Induction motor has a slip of 4% .Calculate:

i)Speed of the motor.

ii) Frequency of Rotor emf. (10M+6M)

7. a) Explain the operation of Synchronous generator.

b)Explain a method to obtain regulation of a Alternator ( 8M+8M)

8. a) Explain the various types of torque acting on moving system of an indicating type of

Instrument.

b) Explain the operation of repulsion type moving iron instrument with a neat sketch.

(8M+8M)

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Code No: X0821/R07







1. a) State and explain Kirchoff’s Laws?

b) Find the equivalent resistance between the terminal AB using Delta-Star transformation for

the circuit shown in the below figure. (6M+10M)

2. a) Define the following:

i) Alternating Quantity

ii) R.M.S. Value

iii) Average value

iv) Form factor.

b) A coil having a resistance of 10 ohms and an inductance of 0.2H is connected

in series with a 100×10−6

F capacitor across a 230V, 50Hz supply, calculate:

i) The active and reactive components of the current

ii) The voltage across the coil (8M+8M)

3. What is the principle of operation of a DC Generator? Why is commutator and

brush arrangement necessary for the operation of dc generator. (16M)

4. a) Explain the significance of back emf in DC Motor.

b) Explain the methods of speed control of a DC motor. (6M+10M)

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Code No: X0821/R07

5. a) Discuss the constructional details of l-phase transformers and the difference between core

b) The primary winding of a 50 Hz single phase transformer has 480 turns and is

fed from 6400 V supply. The secondary winding has 20 turns. Find the peak

value of flux in the core and the secondary Voltage. (8M+8M)

6. Explain with the help of suitable diagrams how rotating magnetic field is produced

in a three phase induction motor. (16M)

7. a) Explain the principle of operation of Alternator.

b) Explain how to determine the regulation of an alternator by synchronous impedance

method (6M+10M)

8. a) Discuss the Basic principles of indicating instruments.

b) Explain the working of Moving coil voltmeter with a neat sketch. (8M+8M)

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Code No: W2121/R07

II B.Tech I Semester

FOUNDATION OF SOLID MECHANICS

(AERONUTICAL ENGINEERING)

Time: 3 hours


1. A compound bar consists of a central steel strip 40

two strips of brass each 40 mm wide

form a compound bar of rectang

Determine:

i) The thickness of the brass strips which will make the a

compound bar equal to 160 x 10

ii) The maximum axial pull the bar can then carry if the st

in either the brass or the steel.

Take: Es

2. A beam AB 10 metres long carries a uniformly distri

length together with concentrated load of 50 kN at the lef

B[Fig.(a)]. The beam is to be supported at two props at the sam

that the reaction is the same at each. Determine t

and B.M. diagrams. Find the value of maximum B.M. L

inflexion), if any.




Max Marks: 80



A compound bar consists of a central steel strip 40 mm wide and 5 mm thick placed between

two strips of brass each 40 mm wide and x mm thick. The strips are firmly fixed together to

form a compound bar of rectangular section 40 mm wide and (2x +5 mm) thick.

thickness of the brass strips which will make the apparent modulus of elasticity of the

compound bar equal to 160 x 103 MN/m

2

maximum axial pull the bar can then carry if the stress is not to exceed 160 MN/m

in either the brass or the steel.

./114/207 22mGNEandmGN b ==

A beam AB 10 metres long carries a uniformly distributed load of 20 kN/m over its entire

together with concentrated load of 50 kN at the left end A and 80 kN at the end

The beam is to be supported at two props at the same level, 6 metres apart, so

that the reaction is the same at each. Determine the positions of the supports and draw S.F.

Find the value of maximum B.M. Locate the points of contra

1 of 3

2011

Max Marks: 80

mm wide and 5 mm thick placed between

mm thick. The strips are firmly fixed together to

ular section 40 mm wide and (2x +5 mm) thick.

pparent modulus of elasticity of the

ress is not to exceed 160 MN/m2,

buted load of 20 kN/m over its entire

t end A and 80 kN at the end

e level, 6 metres apart, so

he positions of the supports and draw S.F.

te the points of contraflexure (or

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Code No: W2121/R07

3. A bimetallic strip is formed by using strips of copper and steel. Each strikp is 60 mm wide

and 12 mm thick. Both the strips one fastened together so that no relative movement can

take place between them. The bimetallic strip is now heated through 1200C. Assuming that

both the strips bend by the same radius and stresses are transmitted only through the end

connections, find:

i)Radius of the bend.

ii)Maximum tensile and compressive stresses in both.

Given: ;/200 2mGNE s = ;/100 2

mGNEc =

;/1011 06Cas

−

×= ./1018 06Cac

−

×=

4. A beam of triangular section having base width 20 cm and height of 30 cm is subjected to a

shear force of 3 kN. Find the value of maximum shear stress, and sketch the shear stress

distribution along with the depth of the beam.

5. A steel girder of 6m length acting as a beam carries a uniformly distributed load ‘w’ N/m

non throughout its length. ,2701030 46mmdepthandmIIf

−

×=

Calculate:

i). The magnitude of w so that the maximum stress developed in the beam section does not

exceed 72 MN/m2.

ii) The slope and deflection (under this load) in the beam at a distance of 1.8 m from one

end.

Take: E= 200 GN/m2.

6. A cylinder made of bronze 180 mm outside diameter and 15 mm thick is strengthened by a

single layer of steel wire 2.25 mm diameter wound over it under a constant stress of 75

MN/m2. The cylinder is subjected to an internal pressure of 27 MN/m

2, with rise in

temperature of the cylinder by 1200C. Assuming the cylinder to be a thin shell with closed

ends, determine the final values of:

i)The stress in the wire;

ii)The circumferential stress in the cylinder wall;

iii)The radial pressure between the wire and the cylinder.

Take: For steel; E= 208 GN/m2, a = 11.18 x 10

-6 par

0C

For brass: E= 90 GN/m2, a = 18.6 x 10

-6 per

0C.

Poisson’s ratio=0 .32

7. In a double riveted lap joint shown in the fig. for 1.27 cm plate the diameter and pitch of the

rivets are 2.2 cm and 7 cm respectively. The joint is strengthened by the addition of a cover

plate as shown in the figure. The diameter and pitch of the rivets at A and B are 2.2 cm and

14 cm respectively. Calculate the tearing, shearing and combined tearing and shearing

effeciencies of the joint. Assume the tensile stress of plate materials 422.8 MN/m2 and shear

stress of rivets 347.3 MN/m2

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Code No: W2121/R07

8. A cantilever, of I-section, 2.4 metres long is subjected to a load of 200N at the free end as

shown in Fig. Determine the resulting bending stresses at corners A and B, on the fixed

section of the cantilever. �

�

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Code No: W2121/R07







�

1. A brass rod of 6 mm diameter and 1 m long is joined at one end to a rod of steel 6 mm

diameter and 1.3 m long. The compound rod is placed in a vartical position with the steel

rod at the top and conneted top and bottom are connected to rigid fixing in such a way that

it is carrying a tensile load of 3.5 kN. An attachment is fixed at the junction of the two

rods and to this a vertical axial load of 1.3 kN is applied downwards as shown in figure.

Calculate the stresses in steel and brass. The temperature is then raised through 300C.

What are the final stresses in steel and brass?

Take: ;/85;/200 22mGNEmGNE bs ==

.1019;1012 0606CperaCpera bs

−−

×=×=

2. A beam AB,6.5 m long and supported at A, has a simple support of I m length between C

and D. Assuming a uniformly distributed reaction between C and D, draw the B.M and

S.F. diagrams for the loaded beam shown in Fig.

3. An I-section girder (figure) simply supported over a span of 8 metres carries a uniformly

distributed load of 100 kN/m over the entire span. The beam is strengthened by the

addition of 15 mm thick flanges, wherever necessary. Determine the length and width of

the flange plates such that maximum stress due to bending does not exceed 125 MN/m2.

1 of 3

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Code No: W2121/R07

4. A T-shaped cross-section of a beam shown in figure is subjected to a

100 kN. Calculate the shear stress at the neutral a

flange. Moment of inertia about the horizontal neutral a

5. A beam AB of 4 metres span is simply supported at t

figure . Determine:

i) Deflection at C,

ii) Maximum deflection, and

iii) Slope at the end A.

Given : E = 200 x 10-6

k N/m

section of a beam shown in figure is subjected to a vertical shear force of

100 kN. Calculate the shear stress at the neutral axis and at the junction of the web and the

. Moment of inertia about the horizontal neutral axis is 0.0001134 m

A beam AB of 4 metres span is simply supported at the ends and is loaded as shown in

ii) Maximum deflection, and

k N/m2, and I = 20 x 10

-6 m

4.

2 of 3

vertical shear force of

xis and at the junction of the web and the

1134 m4.

he ends and is loaded as shown in

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Code No: W2121/R07

6. A solid cylindrical test piece, 75 mm long and 50 m

hollow pressure vessel. With the test piece in the

just to fill the pressure vessel. Measurement show

pumped into the vessel to raise the oil pressure to

using the same pressure vessel and oil, but without

time, after initially filling the pressure vessel,

the pressure to 7 MN/m2. The test piece is made of aluminum for which You

and Poisson’s ratio are 70 GN/m

7. Design a double cover butt joint to withstand a loa

20 cm wide and 1.25 cm thick, 2 cm diameter rivets

rivets rows so as to increase the efficiency of the joint. Permissible st

MN/m2, bearing 190 MN/m

8. A beam of T-section (flange: 100 mm x 20 mm; web : 150 mm x 10

length and is simply supported at the ends. It carries a load of

vertical and passing through the centroid of the se

A solid cylindrical test piece, 75 mm long and 50 mm diameter, is enclosed within a

hollow pressure vessel. With the test piece in the vessel 20 x 103 mm

3

just to fill the pressure vessel. Measurement shows that a further 50 mm

pumped into the vessel to raise the oil pressure to 7 MN/m2. The experiment is repeated

using the same pressure vessel and oil, but without the test piece inside the vessel. This

time, after initially filling the pressure vessel, a further 364 mm3 of oil are needed to raise

. The test piece is made of aluminum for which You

and Poisson’s ratio are 70 GN/m2 and 0.3 respectively. Find the bulk modulus of oil.

Design a double cover butt joint to withstand a load of 250 kN. The plates to be joined are

20 cm wide and 1.25 cm thick, 2 cm diameter rivets are to be used in diamond fashion of

crease the efficiency of the joint. Permissible stresses are; shear 70

, bearing 190 MN/m2 and tension 110 MN/m

2. What is the efficiency of the joint?

section (flange: 100 mm x 20 mm; web : 150 mm x 10 mm) is 2.5 metres in

simply supported at the ends. It carries a load of 3.2 kN inclined at 20

vertical and passing through the centroid of the section.

3 of 3

m diameter, is enclosed within a

of oil is required

s that a further 50 mm3 of oil has to be

. The experiment is repeated

e test piece inside the vessel. This

of oil are needed to raise

. The test piece is made of aluminum for which Young’s modulus

d 0.3 respectively. Find the bulk modulus of oil.

d of 250 kN. The plates to be joined are

are to be used in diamond fashion of

resses are; shear 70

. What is the efficiency of the joint?

mm) is 2.5 metres in

3.2 kN inclined at 200 to the

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Code No: W2121/R07







1. The steel bar shown in Figurel is of constant cross section of 500 mm2 and held rigidly between

walls. An axial force of 15 kN is applied as shown.

Find the reaction on the walls, and the shortening and elongation of the left and right portions.

./102 25 mmNE ×=

2. Draw the shear force and bending monent diagrams for the beam shown in figure 2. Clearly show

the values of shear force and bending moment at important locations. Point out the point(s) of

contraflexure if present.

AB = FC = CD = 1m, BF = 3m.

3. A steel rod 28 mm diameter is flxed concentrically in a brass tube of 42 mm outer diameter and 30

mm inner diameter. Both the rod and tube are 450 mm long. The compound rod is held between

two stops which are exactly 450 mm apart and the temperature of the bar is raised by 700C.

i) Find the stresses in the rod and tube if the distance between the stops is increased by 0.30 mm.

ii) Find the increase in the distance between the stops if the force exerted between them is 90 kN

Take Es= 200kN/mm2 ; Cperas

06102.11 −

×=

Eb = 90kN/mm2 ; Cperab

05101.2 −

×=

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Code No: W2121/R07

4. The torques shown in figure I given below are exerted on pu

shafts are solid and made of brass (G = 39 GPa), de

the shafts and the angle of twist between pulleys A

5. An overhanging beam ABC 8 m long is supported at A

overhang BC = 2 m. it has a point load of 3 kN at t

load of 2 kN/m run for a length of 2.5 m at a distance of 1m

If E = 200 ×106

kN/m2 and I = 4.5 ×10

Determine deflection at the free end and Maximum de

6. A cylindrical tank open at top and having vertical

and 22 m high. The tank is filled with water and is

point of 22 N/mm2. Determine the thickness of the tank if

i) Longitudinal joint is 100% efficient and

ii) Longitudinal joint is 75% efficient.

Assume factor of safety as 4.

7. a) Two plates of 12mm thickness are connected by a

joint using 18mm diameter rivets at a pitch of 80mm

and shearing and bearing stresses in rivets ar

Respectively, find the pull per pitch length at whi

b) Explain the stresses in

i) butt weld

ii) Fillet weld

8. A 5cm x3cmx 0.5cm angle is used as a cantilever of length 50 cm

load of 1000 N is applied at the free end . Determi

maximum stress set up.

ues shown in figure I given below are exerted on pulleys A, B, C. Knowing that both

shafts are solid and made of brass (G = 39 GPa), determine the maximum shearing stress

the shafts and the angle of twist between pulleys A and C.

An overhanging beam ABC 8 m long is supported at A and B such that AB = 6 m and the

overhang BC = 2 m. it has a point load of 3 kN at the end C and a uniformly distributed

N/m run for a length of 2.5 m at a distance of 1m from the end A.

and I = 4.5 ×10−6

m4.

Determine deflection at the free end and Maximum deflection between A and B.

A cylindrical tank open at top and having vertical axis, is of 2.7 m inside diameter

and 22 m high. The tank is filled with water and is made of structural steel with a yield

. Determine the thickness of the tank if

joint is 100% efficient and

joint is 75% efficient.

Assume factor of safety as 4.

a) Two plates of 12mm thickness are connected by a double riveted, double cover, butt

joint using 18mm diameter rivets at a pitch of 80mm. If the ultimate tensile stress in plate

and shearing and bearing stresses in rivets are 400 MPa, 300 MPa and 600MPa

Respectively, find the pull per pitch length at which the joint will fail.

0.5cm angle is used as a cantilever of length 50 cm with the 3cm leg

load of 1000 N is applied at the free end . Determine the position of the neutral axis and the

2 of 2

lleys A, B, C. Knowing that both

termine the maximum shearing stress in both

and B such that AB = 6 m and the

he end C and a uniformly distributed

from the end A.

flection between A and B.

7 m inside diameter

made of structural steel with a yield

double riveted, double cover, butt

. If the ultimate tensile stress in plate

e 400 MPa, 300 MPa and 600MPa

with the 3cm leg horizontal. A

ne the position of the neutral axis and the

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Code No: W2121/R07

II B.Tech I Semester

FOUNDATION OF SOLID


Time: 3 hours


1. a) Differentiate between:

i) Primary strain and lateral strain.

ii) Direct stress and thermal stress

b) A railway line is so laid that the rails are fre

Calculate.

i) The stress in the rails at 40

ii) If an expansion allowance of 5mm per rail of le

iii) Minimum clearance required to avoid any stresses61011 −

×=sa 200kNEs =

2. Draw the shear force and bending m

below. Clearly indicate the values at important po

3. Before the 400 kN load is applied, the rigid platfo

sectional area 1200 mm2, as shown in figure below. The cross

aluminium bar is 2400 mm2. Compute the stress in the aluminium bar after th

is applied. Use E = 200 GP a for steel and E = 70

of the platform.




Max Marks: 80



i) Primary strain and lateral strain.

stress and thermal stress

b) A railway line is so laid that the rails are free of stresses at temperature of 20

i) The stress in the rails at 400C if all expansion is prevented.

ii) If an expansion allowance of 5mm per rail of length 30m.

i) Minimum clearance required to avoid any stresses at a temperature of 602/ mmkN

Draw the shear force and bending moment diagrams for the beam ABCD shown in figure

below. Clearly indicate the values at important points AB = BC = CD = 2m.

Before the 400 kN load is applied, the rigid platform rests on two steel bars, each of cross

, as shown in figure below. The cross-sectional area of the

. Compute the stress in the aluminium bar after th

is applied. Use E = 200 GP a for steel and E = 70 GP a for aluminium. Neglect the weight

1 of 3

2011

Max Marks: 80

e of stresses at temperature of 200C.

at a temperature of 600C.

shown in figure

ints AB = BC = CD = 2m.

rm rests on two steel bars, each of cross-

ional area of the

. Compute the stress in the aluminium bar after the 400 kN load

GP a for aluminium. Neglect the weight

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Code No: W2121/R07

4. Direct stresses of 160 MP a tensile and 120 MP a compressive exist on two perpendicular

planes at a certain point in a body. They are also accompanied by shear stresses on the

planes. The greatest principal stress at the point due to these is 200 MPa.

i) What must be the magnitude of the shearing stresses on the two planes?

ii) What will be the maximum shearing stress and the associated normal stress at the point?

Use the Moh’s circle approach. Show the results on properly oriented elements.

5. The simply supported beam ABC (figure given below) carries the uniformly distributed load

between its supports and the concentrated load P at end C. Find the value of P for which

i) There is no deflection at C.

ii) The deflection curve at B is horizontal.

6. A cylindrical pressure vessel is fabricated from steel plating that has a thickness of 20mm.

The inner diameter of the vessel is 450mm, and its length is 2m. Determine the maximum

internal pressure that can be applied if the longitudinal stress is limited to 140MP a and the

circumferential stress is limited to 60MPa.

7. In a double riveted lap joint shown in the figure for 1.27 cm plate the diameter and pitch of

the rivets are 2.2 cm and 7 cm respectively. The joint is strengthened by the addition of a

cover plate as shown in the figure. The diameter and pitch of the rivets at A and B are 2.2

cm and 14 cm respectively. Calculate the tearing, shearig and combined tearing and

shearing efficiencies of the joint. Assume the tensile stress of plate materials 422.8 MN/m2

and shear stress of rivets 347.3 MN/m2

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Code No: W2121/R07

8. A cantilever consists of a 72mmx72mmx12mm angles with the top face AR horizontal . It

carries a load of 1 kN at 1m from fixed end ,the line of action passing through the centroid

and is inclined at �� , to the vertical. Determine the stresses at A,B,C and the position the

neutral axis.

Area=1590� mm4. The moments of inertia are as given below.

IX=Iy=72.3x(10000)mm4 Iu=114x1000 mm

4 Iv = 30.5x10000 mm

4

�

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Code No: W2322/R07


THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS

(Bio-Technology)




1. Describe Refrigeration cycle?

2. a) Describe the types of Material balances?

b) Describe the Stoichiometry of growth & product formation?

3. a) Write about Intensive & Extensive properties?

b) State the properties of Reactive and Non-Reactive systems?

4. Write about Fed batch & Plug flow reactors?

5. Write a note on

i) Chemical Potential

ii) Fugacity of Ideal & Non-ideal solutions

iii) Partial Molar properties

6. Write about Maxwell relationships and applications?

7. Write about Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium and Solid-Liquid Equilibrium?

8. a) What is equilibrium constant. Discuss the effect of pressure and temperature on

Equilibrium constant.

b) Discuss the equilibrium criteria for Homogeneous chemical Reaction?

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Code No: W2322/R07



(Bio-Technology)




1. Discuss the Power cycle with a neat sketch?

2. a) Write a description of Theoretical Oxygen Demand (T.O.D) & Stoichiometry of

growth and product formation?

b) Describe the types of Material balances?

3. a) Discuss about Energy balance equations for cell culture and general energy balance

equations?

b) State the properties of Reactive and Non-Reactive systems?

4. Discuss about Unsteady state material balance & energy balance?

5. Write a note on

i) Gibb’s Duhem Equation

ii) Activity Coefficient

iii) Chemical Potential

iv) Partial Molar properties

v) Ideal & Non-ideal solutions

6. Write a short note on Estimation of Thermodynamic properties using equations of state.

7. a) Write about Phase equilibrium?

b) Write about Vapor- Liquid equilibrium for binary mixtures?

8. Write about equilibrium conversions & yields for single and multiple chemical

reactions?

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Code No: W2322/R07



(Bio-Technology)




1. What is First Law of Thermodynamics? Derive an expression for the first law of

Thermodynamics considering a closed system?

2. a) Write a short note on Stoichiometry of growth and product formation?

b) Describe about Electron balance

3. a) What is Enthalpy? Write about general energy balance equations?

b) Write a note on Heat of Combustion, Heat of Solution, Heat of Reaction in Non

standard conditions?

4. Discuss about Fed Batch reactor?

5. Write a note on

i) Chemical Potential

ii) Fugacity of Ideal & Non-ideal solutions

iii) Partial Molar properties

6. Write about Maxwell relationships and applications?

7. Write about Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium and Solid-Liquid Equilibrium?

8. a) What is equilibrium constant. Discuss the effect of pressure and temperature on

equilibrium constant.

b) Discuss the equilibrium criteria for Homogeneous chemical Reaction?

1 of 1

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Code No: W2322/R07



(Bio-Technology)




1. Derive expressions for Work, Energy and Property changes in Reversible processes?

2. Describe steady state flow process with a neat sketch?

3. a) Write a note on Heat of Combustion, Heat of Solution, Heat of Reaction in Non

standard conditions?

b) Write about Intensive & Extensive properties?

4. Write about CSTR?

5. Write a note on

i) Gibb’s Duhem Equation

ii) Activity Coefficient

iii) Chemical Potential

iv) Partial Molar properties

iv) Ideal & Non-ideal solutions

6. Write a short note on Estimation of Thermodynamic properties using equations of state.

7. a) Write about Phase equilibrium?

b) Write about Vapor- Liquid equilibrium for binary mixtures?

8. Write about equilibrium conversions & yields for single and multiple chemical

reactions?

1 of 1

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3

Documents

semester supplementary examinations

object oriented programming

external radii 250mm

multiple chemical reactions

uniformly distributed load

partial molar properties

canonical sop form

x1 x2