World’s only ebook to provide complete information on Windows Commands. Windows Command Guide 2011 Version 4.0.0 RC (April 2011) [1200+ Commands] Ebook is updating at least twice per month. Get the latest version: (PDF) http://bit.ly/wcgpdf / (XPS) http://bit.ly/wcgxps . Welcome to the “Windows Command Guide”. Here you will get all types of Windows commands, tips and tricks useful for Microsoft Windows. This ebook is useful for all Windows version from Windows 2000 to Windows 7 or later. The 1 st part (550+ commands) of this ebook is for everyday computer user and the 2 nd part (700+ commands) is for advance user and power user. Read this ebook and explore the precious contents inside. About As a computer user you may know about some commands. This ebook includes every possible commands those available on Windows platform. The objective of the ebook is to do more on Windows with less effort and became an expert. There are many long and irregular commands, commonly you may not use it frequently – but these exist whether you know it or not. Who will read this ebook? You don‟t need to be a programmer or expert to use this ebook. You may be someone who just wants to use Windows in an innovative ways. You may be a desktop user, system/network admin or software developer. This ebook makes ease the administrative and support task and gives more power to more advance computing. Always refer to the APPENDIX section for more tips and explanations. It is not easy to explain all the tools and apps mentioned here, so use the web links in the REFERENCES. Only article (in the World) providing great info on Windows Commands. Organized for the best use of comman user and advance user. Every possible command (1200+) with useful connotations ans references. BCDALAI's Free Tech. Support Blog India, 2011
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World’s only ebook to provide complete information on Windows Commands.
Windows Command Guide 2011
Version 4.0.0 RC (April 2011) [1200+ Commands]
Ebook is updating at least twice per month. Get the latest version: (PDF) http://bit.ly/wcgpdf / (XPS) http://bit.ly/wcgxps.
Welcome to the “Windows Command Guide”. Here you will get all types of Windows
commands, tips and tricks useful for Microsoft Windows. This ebook is useful for all Windows version from Windows 2000 to Windows 7 or later. The 1
st part (550+ commands) of this
ebook is for everyday computer user and the 2nd
part (700+ commands) is for advance user and power user. Read this ebook and explore the precious contents inside.
About As a computer user you may know about some commands. This ebook includes
every possible commands those available on Windows platform. The objective of the ebook is to do more on Windows with less effort and became an expert. There are many long and irregular commands, commonly you may not use it frequently – but these exist whether you know it or not.
Who will read this ebook? You don‟t need to be a programmer or expert to use this ebook. You may be
someone who just wants to use Windows in an innovative ways. You may be a desktop user, system/network admin or software developer. This ebook makes ease the administrative and support task and gives more power to more advance computing. Always refer to the APPENDIX section for more tips and explanations. It is not easy to explain all the tools and apps mentioned here, so use the web links in the REFERENCES.
Only article (in the World) providing great info on Windows Commands.
Organized for the best use of comman user and advance user.
Every possible command (1200+) with useful connotations ans references.
No great discovery was ever made without a bold guess. -Isaac Newton Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes. -Oscar Wilde
Persistence and positive thinking to make things happen.
DEDICATED TO
Teachers, Friends, IT Pro community, valuable Readers and Contributors.
Acknowlegdements I would like to thanks to all the readers and IT Pro community the use, technical
reviews and feedbacks. Special complements to Mr. Manas Ranjan Mohaptra (of Hint), Santosh, Subrat, Biswanath, Sudhansu, Himansu, Soumya and Amarnath, for their excellent contribution and support. Also thanks to Box.net and Blogger.com for providing web services for these works.
License This content is completely free for everyone. This ebook licensed under Creative
Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 India license [CC BY-NC-SA]. This ebook must be shared in “Adobe PDF” or “Microsoft XPS” format. Language: EN-US.
Disclaimer This ebook is for educational and informational purposes. This ebook is provided as
“as is”. The author assumes that you will use it for productive purposes. All names, registered trademarks and websites mentioned herein are the properties of their respective owners.
The Author bcdalai, (M.Com, MCP, MCSE, MCTS: Vista and MCTS: Windows 7). The author is
an IT Pro, working on Client, Server and Networks (system admin, Tech. Support, security, troubleshooting and software review). He is available in Microsoft communities and in other forums. You can find about him on internet (in Google/Yahoo).
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175 Desktop Property: Settings control desk.cpl,,3
[“System File Checker” (sfc.exe)utility usage]
178 System File Checker (Purge File Cache) sfc /purgecache X, I
177 System File Checker (Return to Default Setting) sfc /revert X, I
178 System File Checker (Scan immediately) sfc /scannow
179 System File Checker (Scan On every boot) sfc /scanboot X, I
180 System File Checker (Scan Once at next boot) sfc /scanonce X, I
181 System File Checker (Set cache size to x in MB) sfc /cachesize=x X, I
References:
X This Command removed or not available in Vista, Server 2008, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 and higher.
I This feature changed or modified in Vista, Server 2008, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 and higher. Read the other commands for more info. Also see the APPENDIX-B for “Changed Features and Names”.
RUN Commands in Windows Vista
Table-2: [Applies To: Windows Vista or later i.e. Windows Server 2008, 2008 R2, Windows7 etc.
Refer Table-1, Table-5 and Appendix-B for more info.]
78 Data Execution Prevention Settings systempropertiesdataexecutionprevention
79 Hardware Settings systempropertieshardware
80 System Protection Settings systempropertiesprotection
81 System Remote Settings systempropertiesremote
References:
* Command removed or not available in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2.
# This feature changed or modified in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 and higher. Read the other commands for more info. Also see the APPENDIX-B for “Changed Features and Names”.
232 Windows Live Essentials Language Selecter langselector
233 Windows Live Essentials Repair (2011) wlarp
234 X-Setup Pro xqdcxspstart
[Notes: These commands will work, only if the particular software / applications are installed. All the
listed commands in this table are not separate apps; some commands are relating to the option/sub-feature for those corresponding apps. The actual command is program.exe, but you can issue the command with just program and without .exe. OpenOffice.org, LibreOffice, OxygenOffice and StarOffice all are sharing a common codebases and the applications are similar to each other. Hence some commands in this list are also identical.]
Control Panel (applets) commands
Table-7: [Applies To: Vista, Server 2008, 2008 R2 and Windows 7. Control Panel applets
commands using canonical name.]
SL. CONTROL PANEL SETTING COMMAND
Windows Vista / Windows Server 2008 01 Add Hardware control /name Microsoft.AddHardware
02 Administrative Tools control /name Microsoft.AdministrativeTools
03 Advanced Network Sharing Settings
control /name Microsoft.NetworkandSharingCenter /page Advanced
04 AutoPlay control /name Microsoft.AutoPlay
05 Backup and Restore Center control /name Microsoft.BackupAndRestoreCenter
06 BitLocker Drive Encryption control /name Microsoft.BitlockerDriveEncryption
07 Color Management control /name Microsoft.ColorManagement
08 Date and Time control /name Microsoft.DateAndTime
09 Default Programs control /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms
10 Device Manager control /name Microsoft.DeviceManager
11 Display control /name Microsoft.Display
12 Ease of Access Center control /name Microsoft.EaseOfAccessCenter
13 Folder Options control /name Microsoft.FolderOptions
14 Fonts control /name Microsoft.Fonts
15 Game Controllers control /name Microsoft.GameControllers
16 Indexing Options control /name Microsoft.IndexingOptions
17 Infrared control /name Microsoft.InfraredOptions
18 Internet Options control /name Microsoft.InternetOptions
19 iSCSI Initiator control /name Microsoft.iSCSIInitiator
20 Keyboard Settings control /name Microsoft.Keyboard
21 Mouse control /name Microsoft.Mouse
22 Network Sharing Center control /name Microsoft.NetworkandSharingCenter
23 Offline Files control /name Microsoft.OfflineFiles
24 Parental Controls control /name Microsoft.ParentalControls
25 Pen and Input Devices control /name Microsoft.PenAndInputDevices
26 People Near Me control /name Microsoft.PeopleNearMe
27 Performance Information and Tools
control /name Microsoft.PerformanceInformationAndTools
28 Personalization control /name Microsoft.Personalization
29 Phone and Modems control /name Microsoft.PhoneAndModemsOptions
30 Power Options control /name Microsoft.PowerOptions
31 Printers control /name Microsoft.Printers
32 Problems Reports and Solutions
control /name Microsoft.ProblemsReportsAndSolutions
33 Programs and Feature control /name Microsoft.ProgramsAndFeature
34 Regional and Language Options
control /name Microsoft.RegionalAndLanguageOptions
35 Scanners and Cameras control /name Microsoft.ScannersAndCameras
36 Sound control /name Microsoft.AudioDevicesAndSoundThemes
37 Speech Recognition Options control /name Microsoft.SpeechRecognitionOptions
38 Sync Center control /name Microsoft.SyncCenter
39 System control /name Microsoft.System
40 Tablets PC Settings control /name Microsoft.TabletsPCSettings
41 Tablets PC Settings Buttons control /name Microsoft.TabletsPCSettings /page Buttons
42 Taskbars and Start Menu control /name Microsoft.TaskbarsAndStartMenu
43 Text to Speech control /name Microsoft.TextToSpeech
44 User Accounts control /name Microsoft.UserAccounts
45 Welcome Center control /name Microsoft.WelcomeCenter
46 Windows Anytime Upgrade control /name Microsoft.WindowsAnytimeUpgrade
47 Windows CardSpace control /name Microsoft.CardSpace
48 Windows Defender control /name Microsoft.WindowsDefender
49 Windows Firewall control /name Microsoft.WindowsFirewall
50 Windows Marketplace control /name Microsoft.GetProgramsOnline
51 Windows Mobility Center control /name Microsoft.MobilityCenter
52 Windows Security Center control /name Microsoft.SecurityCenter
53 Windows Sidebar Properties control /name Microsoft.WindowsSidebarProperties
54 Windows SideShow control /name Microsoft.WindowsSideshow
55 Windows Update control /name Microsoft.WindowsUpdate
Windows 7 / Windows Server 2008 R2 56 Action Center control /name Microsoft.ActionCenter
57 Backup and Restore control /name Microsoft.BackupAndRestore
58 Biometric Devices control /name Microsoft.BiometricDevices
59 Credential Manager control /name Microsoft.CredentialManager
60 Default Location control /name Microsoft.DefaultLocation
61 Desktop Gadgets control /name Microsoft.DesktopGadgets
62 Devices and Printer control /name Microsoft.DevicesAndPrinter
63 Get Programs (online) control /name Microsoft.GetPrograms
64 Getting Started control /name Microsoft.GettingStarted
65 HomeGroup control /name Microsoft.HomeGroup
66 Infrared control /name Microsoft.Infrared
67 Location and Other Sensors control /name Microsoft.LocationAndOtherSensors
68 Notification Area Icons control /name Microsoft.NotificationAreaIcons
69 Pen and Touch control /name Microsoft.PenAndTouch
70 Phone and Modem control /name Microsoft.PhoneAndModem
71 Recovery (Appendix-A8) control /name Microsoft.Recovery
72 Region and Language control /name Microsoft.RegionAndLanguage
73 RemoteApp and Desktop Connections
control /name Microsoft.RemoteAppAndDesktopConnections
74 Sound control /name Microsoft.Sound
75 Speech Recognition control /name Microsoft.SpeechRecognition
76 Taskbar and Start Menu control /name Microsoft.TaskbarAndStartMenu
77 Troubleshooting control /name Microsoft.Troubleshooting
Command-line Tools
Table-8: [Applies To: Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003. Also for Vista, Server 2008, 2008 R2,
Windows 7 and later). To know more about command-line options use /? switch after a command.]
Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003 SL. COMMANDS COMMAND USAGES
001 append Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in the current directory.
002 arp Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP).
003 at The AT command schedules commands and programs to run on a computer at a specified time and date. The Schedule service must be running to use the AT command.
004 atmadm Windows ATM Call Manager Utility.
005 attrib Attribute Utility. Displays or changes file attributes.
006 auditusr Audit User Program. Sets per user auditing policy.
007 bootcfg Boot Config Tool. Modifies the Boot.ini file for boot configuration and recovery. This command line tool can be used to configure, query, change or delete the boot entry settings in the BOOT.INI file.
008 blastcln Microsoft Blaster/Nachi removal tool.
009 cacls Control ACLs Program. Displays or modifies access control lists of files.
010 chkdsk Check Disk Utility. Checks a disk for logical file system error and displays a status report.
011 chkntfs NTFS Volume Maintenance Utility. Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
012 cipher File Encryption Utility. Displays or alters the encryption of directories [files] on
013 cmd Windows Command Processor. Performs text-based (command-line) functions.
014 comp File Compare Utility. Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
015 compact File Compress Utility. Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
016 convert File System Conversion Utility. Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.
017 cscript Windows Script Host command line mode.
018 defrag Disk Defragmenter Module. Disk defragmenter commands-line tool.
019 diantz Microsoft Cabinet Maker.
020 diskpart Disk partitioning Application. Manages partitions on hard disk volumes. The variable device is the device name for a new partition (such as \device\harddisk0\partition1). The variable size is the size, in megabytes.
021 diskperf Disk Performance Configuration Utility.
022 doskey Keyboard History Utility. Edits command lines, recalls Windows XP commands and creates macros.
023 driverquery Driver Query. Enables an administrator to enumerate and display the list of installed device drivers as well as their properties.
024 edlin Edlin. A line-oriented text editor.
025 esentutl Server Database Storage Utilities. Maintenance utilities for Microsoft Windows databases.
026 eventcreate Event Create. This command line tool enables an administrator to create a custom event ID and message in a specified event log.
027 eventtriggers Event Triggers. This command-line tool enables an administrator to display and configure “Event Triggers” on local or remote system.
028 exe2bin Converts .EXE (executable) files to binary format.
029 expand LZ Expansion Utility. Microsoft File Expansion Utility. Expands one or more compressed files. This command is used to retrieve compressed files from distribution disks.
030 fc DOS 5 File Compare Utility. Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them.
031 find Searches for a text string in a file or files. If a path is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command.
032 findstr Searches for strings in files.
033 finger TCPIP Finger Command. Displays information about a user on a specified system running the Finger service. Output varies based on the remote system.
034 fltmc Filter Manager Control Program.
035 forcedos Force DOS Execute Utility.
036 fsutil File system management utility.
037 ftp File Transfer Program. Uploads/downloads files on a network. This command helps you determine whether Application layer functions can work on the network.
038 getmac Get MAC Address. This command line tool enables an administrator to display the MAC address for one or more network adapters on a system.
039 gpresult Query RSOP Data. Group Policy Result tool.
040 gpupdate Microsoft Group Policy Refresh Utility. Refreshes Policy settings.
041 help Command Line Help Utility for Windows XP commands.
042 ipconfig IP Configuration Utility. Shows the IP configuration of network adapters installed in a computer. From the results of this command, you can determine whether you have incorrectly addressed the adapter or the default gateway or whether the adapter was unable to obtain an address from the DHCP server. Use the /all switch to show all IP configuration information.
043 ipsec6 IPv6 Security Configuration Utility. (Not for Windows 7 or later).
044 ipv6 IPv6 Configuration Utility. (Not for Windows 7 or later).
045 ipxroute NWLink IPX Routing and Source Routing Control Program.
046 label Disk Label Utility. Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
047 lodctr Updates Performance Monitor counter names and explain text for an extensible counter.
048 logman Logman manages the “Performance Logs and Alerts” service for creating and managing Event Trace, Session logs and Performance logs.
049 logoff Session Logoff Utility.
050 lpd TCP/IP Lpq Command. Displays the state of a remote lpd queue.
051 lpr TCP/IP Lpr Command. Sends a print job to a network printer. Executes a print job on a network printer.
054 mountvol Mount Volume Utility. Creates, deletes, or lists a volume mount point.
055 mqbkup Windows NT, Microsoft Message Queue (MSMQ) Backup/Restore Utility.
056 mrinfo Multicast Information.
057 msg Message Utility. Send a message to a user.
058 nbtstat TCP/IP NetBIOS Information. Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP). Similar to netstat, except that it resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses.
061 netstat TCP/IP Netstat Command. Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections. Displays Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) connections and protocol statistics.
062 nlsfunc Loads country-specific information.
063 nslookup Show and configure DNS information and settings. Checks DNS entries.
064 openfiles Enables an administrator to list or disconnect files and folders that have been opened on a system.
065 pathping TCP/IP PathPing Command.
066 ping TCP/IP Ping Command. Uses an echo command to establish whether packets can be routed at the Network layer on a network.
067 ping6 Ipv6 Ping Command. (Not for Windows 7 or later).
068 powercfg Power Settings Command-Line Tool. This command line tool enables an administrator to control the power settings on a system.
069 print Prints a text file.
070 proxycfg Microsoft WinHTTP Default Proxy Configuration Tool.
071 qappsrv Query Terminal Server Utility. Displays the available application terminal servers on the network.
072 qprocess Query Process Utility. Displays information about processes.
073 qwinsta Display information about Terminal Sessions.
074 rasdial Remote Access Client Side Command Line Dial UI.
075 rcp Copies files to and from computer running the RCP service.
076 recover Recover Files Utility. Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
077 reg Registry Console Tool. Console Registry Tool for Windows.
078 regsvr32 Microsoft Register Server. This command-line tool registers .dll files as command components in the registry.
079 regwiz Windows XP Registration Wizard. Use /r switch to register Windows.
080 relog Relog creates new performance logs from data in existing performance logs by changing the sampling rate and/or converting the file format. Supports all performance log formats, including Windows NT 4.0 compressed logs.
081 replace Replace File Utility. Replaces files.
082 reset Terminal Services Reset Utility.
083 rexec TCP/IP Remote Exec Command. Runs commands on remote hosts running the REXEC service. Rexec authenticates the user name on the remote host before executing the specified command.
084 route Manipulates network routing tables.
085 rsm Removable Storage Manager Command Line Interface.
086 runas Run As Utility.
087 rwinsta Reset Session Utility. Reset the session subsystem hardware and software to known initial values.
088 sc A tool to aid in developing services for Windows NT. SC is a command line program used for communicating with the NT Service Controller and services.
089 schtasks Schedule Tasks. Enables an administrator to create, delete, query, change, run and end scheduled tasks on a local or remote system. Replaces at.exe.
090 secedit Windows Security Configuration Editor Command Tool.
091 setver Sets the version number that MS-DOS report to a program.
092 sfc Windows XP Windows File Checker. Scans all protected system files and replaces incorrect versions with correct Microsoft versions.
093 shadow Monitor another Terminal Services session.
094 shutdown Windows Remote Shutdown Tool.
095 sort Sort Utility.
096 subst Associates a path with a drive letter.
097 systeminfo System Information. This command line tool enables an administrator to query for basic system configuration information.
098 taskkill Kill Process. This command line tool can be used to end one or more processes. Processes can be killed by the process id or image name.
099 tasklist This command line tool displays a list of application(s) and associated task(s)/process(es) currently running on either a local or remote system.
100 telnet Microsoft Telnet Client. Establishes a character-based session with a Telnet server across a network. This command helps you determine whether Session layer functions can work on a network.
101 tftp Trivial File Transfer Protocol App. Transfers files to and from a remote computer running the TFTP service.
102 tlntadmn Telnet Administration. Telnet Server Admin Tool.
103 tracerpt Event Trace Report Tool. Tracerpt processes binary Event Trace Session log files or real-time streams from instrumented Event Trace providers and creates a report or a text (CSV) file describing the events generated.
104 tracert TCP/IP Traceroute Command. Shows all the routing hops that a packet takes to reach a destination on a network.
105 tracert6 Ipv6 Traceroute Command. (Not for Windows 7 or later).
106 tscon Session Connection Utility. Attaches a user session to a terminal session.
107 tsdiscon Session Disconnection Utility. Disconnects a terminal session.
108 tskill Terminal Services End Process Utility. Ends a process.
109 tsshutdn System Shutdown Utility. Shut down a server in a controlled manner.
110 typeperf Command line performance monitor. Typeperf writes performance data to the command window or to a log file. To stop Typeperf, press CTRL+C.
111 tzchange Time zone change tool. A command Line utility to make time zone changes.
112 unlodctr Unload PerfMon Counters. Removes counter names and explain text for the specified extensible counter.
113 vssadmin Command Line Interface for Microsoft Volume Shadow Copy Service.
114 w32tm Windows Time Service Diagnostic Tool.
115 winmsd System Information. Replaced by msinfo32.exe.
116 winver Windows Version Checking Tool.
117 wscript Windows Script Host GUI mode.
118 xcopy Copies files and directory trees.
Command-line Tools
Table-9: [Applies To: Vista, Windows Server 2008, 2008 R2 and Windows 7. These new are also
additional for table-8.]
Windows Vista /Server 2008 / 2008 R2 /Windows 7 SL. COMMANDS COMMAND USAGES
01 auditpol Configure, create, backup and restore audit policies on any computer in the organization from the command line with verbose logging. Replaces auditusr.exe.
02 bcdboot Used to initialize the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store and copy boot environment files to the system partition.
03 bcdedit Edit the Boot Configuration Data Store.
04 bitsadmin BITS administration utility.
05 change Change terminal server settings for logons, COM port mappings and install mode.
06 chglogon Enable or disable session logons.
07 chgport List or change COM port mappings for DOS application compatibility.
08 chgusr Change install mode.
09 choice Allow users to select one item from a list of choices and return the index of the selected choice.
10 clip Redirect the output of command-line tools to the Windows Clipboard.
11 cmdkey Create, display, and delete stored user names and passwords.
12 diskpart Expanded to support hard disks with the GUID Partition Table, and a new “shrink” command has been added which facilitates shrinking a pre-existing NTFS partition.
13 diskraid Launch the diskraid application.
14 dispdiag Display diagnostics information.
15 forfiles Select a file (or files) and execute a command on that file.
16 icacls Display or modify access control lists (ACLs) of files; an updated version of cacls.
17 iscsicli The Microsoft iSCSI Initiator.
18 isoburn Windows Disc Image Burning Tool.
19 manage-bde Used to manage BitLocker encrypted volumes.
20 mklink Create, modify and delete junctions, hard links, and symbolic links.
28 quser Display information about users logged on to the system.
29 robocopy The Robust File Copy for Windows tool. To copy/move files or folders from one volume to another while allowing them to retain their permissions.
30 rpcping Ping a server using Remote Procedure Call (RPC).
32 setx Create or modify environment variables in the user or system environment.
33 sxstrace The WinSxs tracing utility.
34 takeown Recover access to a file that was denied by reassigning file ownership.
35 timeout Accept a timeout parameter to wait for the specified time period or until any key is pressed.
36 tracerpt The TraceRpt tool.
37 tzutil Windows Time Zone Utility.
38 verifier Driver Verifier Monitor. The driver verification tool.
39 waitfor Sends, or waits for, a signal on a system. When /S is not specified, the signal will be broadcasted to all the systems in a domain. If /S is specified, then the signal will be sent only to the specified system.
40 wbadmin Start the backup tool.
41 wceutil The Windows Event Collector Utility.
42 wevtutil The Windows Event command-line Utility.
43 where Display the location of files that match the search pattern.
44 whoami Retrieve user name and group information, along with the respective security identifiers (SIDs), privileges, logon identifier (logon ID) for the current user (access token) on the local system, i.e. the current logged on user. If no switch is specified, the tool displays the user name in NTLM format (domain\username).
45 winrm The Windows Remote Management tool (WinRM).
46 winrs Windows Remote Shell (WinRS) allows establishing secure Windows Remote Management sessions to multiple remote computers from a single console.
94 Regional and Language Options: Format Options tab
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,0
95 Regional and Language Options: Location tab
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,1
96 Regional and Language Options: Keyboard and Language tab
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,2
97 Regional and Language Options: Administrative tab
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,2
98 Set a printer as Default rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /y /n printer_name (change printer_name to correct printer name e.g. PDFCreator)
99 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Playback tab (Win7)
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,0
100 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Recording tab (Win7)
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,1
101 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Sounds tab (Win7)
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,2
102 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Communications tab (Win7)
rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,3
103 Stored Username and Passwords (Win7: Credential Manager)
rundll32 keymgr.dll,KRShowKeyMgr
104 System Properties: Computer Name Tab
rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl
105 System Properties: Hardware tab
rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,2
106 System Properties: Advance tab
runDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,3
107 System Properties: System Protection tab
rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,4
108 System Properties: Remote tab
rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,5
109 User Profiles
rundll32 sysdm.cpl,EditUserProfiles
110 Windows Network Diagnostics
rundll32 ndfapi,NdfRunDllDiagnoseIncident
111 Windows Security Center (Win7: Action Center)
rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wscui.cpl
Notes: * This feature not available in Windows Server 2003.
Netsh Commands
For Administrators: netsh (The Network Services shell) is a command-line scripting utility
that allows you to, either locally or remotely, display or modify the network configuration of a currently running computer. When you run netsh from the Cmd.exe command prompt, netsh uses the following syntax. Used without parameters, netsh opens the Netsh.exe command prompt (that is, netsh>).
[Notes: Netsh Syntax - for backward compatibility, you can use netsh interface ip in place of netsh
interface ipv4. For IPv6 Netsh commands, you must specify IPv6. Note also for static settings, the interface name is simply local area connection. The syntax name="local area connection” is acceptable but not necessary. For dynamic configuration you need to use name="local area connection”.]
Syntax netsh [-a AliasFile] [-c Context] [-r RemoteComputer] [{NetshCommand|-f ScriptFile}] Parameters -a :Returns you to the netsh prompt after running AliasFile. AliasFile :Specifies the name of the text file that contains one or more netsh commands. -c :Changes to the specified netsh context. Context :Specifies the netsh context. The following table lists the available netsh contexts.
Example commands:
To display all of the adapters in the computer with their current IP addresses:
To change to a static address, type the following command: netsh interface ip set address "Local Area Connection" static ipaddr subnetmask gateway metric
Example: netsh interface ip set address "Local Area Connection" static 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1 1
To switch the specified adapter from a static address to DHCP:
netsh interface ip set address "Local Area Connection" dhcp
netsh interface set interface name="Local Area Connection" admin=DISABLED To enable an interface:
netsh interface set interface name="Local Area Connection" admin=ENABLED To rename an interface:
netsh interface set interface name="local area connection" newname="LAN"
IPv4 (Vista, Server 2008 or higher) Configure IPv4 address 10.0.0.11, subnetmask, and gateway 10.0.0.11 for the interface Local Area Connection: netsh interface IPv4 set address "local area connection" static 10.0.0.11 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.11 Set DNS server address as 10.0.0.11: netsh interface ipv4 set dnsservers "local area connection" static 10.0.0.11 Configure an interface to obtain IP address automatically (Dynamic IP): netsh interface ipv4 set address name="local area connection" source=dhcp netsh interface ipv4 set dnsservers name="local area connection" source=dhcp To reset the IPv4 configurations of an interface to default: netsh interface ipv4 reset
IPv6 (Vista, Server 2008 or higher) To display IPv6 configuration and interface IDs:
netsh interface ipv6 show address To display IPv6 configuration and Site IDs:
netsh interface ipv6 show address level=verbose To check the content of neighbor cache:
netsh interface ipv6 show neighbors To flush neighbor cache:
netsh interface ipv6 delete neighbors To check the IPv6 address of default router interface on local subnet:
netsh interface ipv6 show route To display the current content of destination cache:
netsh interface ipv6 show destinationcache To flush destination cache:
netsh interface ipv6 delete destinationcache To set static IPv6 address fec0:0:0:fffe::a to interface:
netsh interface ipv6 set address “Local Area Connection” fec0:0:0:fffe::a
To reset the IPv6 configurations of an interface to default: netsh interface ipv6 reset
Windows Firewall with Advanced Security (WFAS) (Windows 7 or higher) To permit ICMPv4 and enable ping to other IPv4 hosts:
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="ICMPv4" protocol=icmpv4:any,any dir=in action=allow To permit ICMPv6 and enable ping to other IPv6 hosts:
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="ICMPv6" protocol=icmpv6:any,any dir=in action=allow To reset Firewall to default configuration:
netsh advfirewall reset Wireless Configurations (XP, Vista or higher)
To show the available Wireless interfaces (connections):
netsh wlan show interfaces To connect to a wireless network (profile name = default):
netsh wlan connect name=default To connect to a wireless network (profile name = default, SSID = mynetwork):
netsh wlan connect name=default SSID=mynetwork To disconnect a current wireless network:
netsh wlan disconnect To disconnect a wireless interface named “Wireless Network Connection”:
netsh wlan disconnect interface=“Wireless Network Connection” To disconnect wireless network from all interfaces:
netsh wlan disconnect interface=*
BranchCache Configurations (Windows 7 or higher) [Notes: BranchCache service must be started before configuring BranchCache.] To setting up BranchCache to distributed mode:
netsh branchcache set service mode=distributed To setting up BranchCache to local cache mode:
netsh branchcache set service mode=local To setting up BranchCache to Hosted Cache mode: netsh branchcache set service mode=hostedclient location=hostedserver(FQDN of hosted server) To see BranchCache Status:
netsh branchcache show status To know BranchCache cache:
netsh branchcache show localcache To disable BranchCache:
netshbranchcache set service disabled To reset BranchCache:
netsh branchcache reset
DirectAccess Configurations (Windows 7 or higher) To verifythe DirectAccessclient’s settings for 6to4:
netsh interface 6to4 show relay To verifythe DirectAccess Teredo configuration:
netsh interface IPv6 show teredo To verifythe DirectAccess configuration for IP-HTTPS:
netsh interface httpstunnel show interface Reset your network & Winsock settings (WinXP or higher)
[Notes: Issue commands one by one]
netsh winsock reset netsh winsock reset catalog netsh interface ip reset C:\Interface-resetlog.txt netsh interface reset all netsh firewall reset
Relative System Paths
Table-11: [Applies To: All versions of Windows. Environment Variable and shell commands are
complementary. These are helpful to find location of data and may be used in installer / making SFX packages on NT platforms. These are useful when you are compiling / packaging your apps with installer software.]
System Defaults (Windows 32-bit / x86) SL. Directory Location Environment Variable (Command)
Environment Variables Environment variables are strings that contain information such as drive, path, or file name.
They control the behavior of various programs. For example, the TEMP environment variable specifies the location in which programs place temporary files. Any user can add, modify, or remove a user environment variable. However, only an administrator can add, modify or remove a system environment variable. Using System in Control Panel, you can customize the following variables: 1. User management Environment Variables for logged_on_user_name: The user environment
variables are different for each user of a particular computer. The variables include any that are set by the user, as well as any variables defined by programs, such as the path to the location of the program files.
2. System path Environment Variables: Administrators can change or add environment variables
that apply to the system, and thus to all system users. During installation, Windows Setup configures the default system variables, such as the path to the Windows files.
3. Discrete value Environment Variable: These are generally expanded to discrete values, such as
the current working directory, the current date, or a random number. Some of these are true environment variable and will be expanded by all functions that handle environment variables. These variables are not case sensitive.
Table-12: [[Applies To: All versions of Windows. These commands are for admin purposes, advanced
usersand may not launch from command prompt / RUN.]
User management Environment Variables
Sl. Environment Variable USAGES
01 %ALLUSERSPROFILE% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users In Vista: C:\ProgramData
02 %APPDATA% Contains the full path to the Application Data folder of the logged-in user. In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Application Data In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Roaming
03 %HOMEPATH% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username}
04 %LOGONSERVER% This variable Indicates the domain controller or the server that authenticated the client‟s logon request.
05 %TEMP% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Local Settings\Temp
06 %TMP% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Local Settings\Temp In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Local\Temp
07 %USERDOMAIN% The variable holds the name of the Workgroup or Windows Domain to which the current user belongs.
08 %USERNAME% {Username}. This variable is to determine the active user‟s login identification.
09 %USERPROFILE% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username}
System path Environment Variables
10 %APPDATA% Contains the full path to the Application Data folder of the logged-in user. In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Application Data In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Roaming
11 %CMDEXTVERSION% This variable shows the version number of the current Command Processor Extensions. In Windows NT the value is “1”. In Windows 2000 and XP the value is “2”.
13 %COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)% The default in Vista is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files
14 %COMPUTERNAME% {Computername} The NetBIOS name of the computer.
15 %COMSPEC% Starts a new instance of the Windows XP command interpreter. C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe
16 %HOMEDRIVE% The drive where Windows is installed. Usually it is C:\
17 %HOMEPATH% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username}
18 %HOMESHARE% The network path to the user‟s home directory. Shared Home Directory (for example “\\server\share”). If the home directory is a local path, it will return a null value.
19 %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% Quantity of CPUs installed in the system.
20 %OS% For Windows NT „family‟ it is “Windows_NT”
21 %PATH% C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;{plus program paths}
23 %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE% Indicates the chip architecture of the CPU e.g. x86 or x64.
24 %PROGRAMFILES% This variable point to Program Files directory, which stores the entire installed program within Windows and other installed apps. The default is C:\Program Files.
25 %PROGRAMFILES(X86)% In 64-bit editions of Windows (XP, 2003, Vista etc.), this is C:\Program Files (x86)
26 %PROGRAMW6432% In 64-bit editions of Windows (XP, 2003, Vista etc.), this is C:\Program Files
27 %PROMPT% Code for current command prompt format. Code is usually $P$G
28 %PUBLIC% Only for Vista or later. The default is: C:\Users\Public
29 %SYSTEMDRIVE% The drive where Windows is installed. Usually it is C:\
30 %SYSTEMROOT% The default is: C:\Windowsand in Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 4 and Windows 2000: C:\WINNT
31 %USERDNSDOMAIN% The fully qualified DNS domain (FQDN) that the currently logged on user‟s account belongs to.
32 %USERDOMAIN% Name of the domain that contains the user‟s account.
33 %WINDIR% The default is: C:\Windowsand in Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 4 and Windows 2000: C:\WINNT
Discrete value Environment Variable
34 %CD% Current directory with its full path
35 %DATE% Current date in the format determined by the Date command
36 %ERRORLEVEL% This variable points to the current error level. If there was an error in the previous command, this is what you need to check against to find out about that. Number defining exit status of a previous command or program.
37 %RANDOM% Random number between 0 and 32767.
38 %TIME% This point to the current time. Current time in the format
determined by the Time command. The time is displayed according to the current user‟s time format preferences.
Environment Variables: Windows XP Embedded (with SP2)
Table-13: [Predefined System Environment Variables for Windows XP Embedded SP2 Feature Pack
2007. The list of environment variables provided in the Windows Embedded Studio tools displays each
variable with its corresponding path on the development system, not the target system, and the two are not necessarily the same. The following table shows the environment variables listed in Target Designer and Component Designer and resulting path on the target system. Source: http://bit.ly/9zaLjx]
Windows XP Embedded SP2 (with Feature Pack 2007)
Sl. Environment Variable
Path Example (Location)
01 %10% Windows C:\Windows
02 %11% System32 C:\Windows\system32
03 %12% Drivers C:\Windows\system32\drivers
04 %17% Inf C:\Windows\inf
05 %18% Help C:\Windows\Help
06 %20% Fonts C:\Windows\Fonts
07 %21% Viewers C:\Windows\system32\viewers
08 %23% Color C:\Windows\system32\spool\drivers\color
COMMAND USAGES: [Notes: See above table for rest of the command in the above table.] Batch: executes commands that you specify in the text file, Inputfile. Output file holds the output of the
commands. If you omit the Output file parameter, output appears on the screen. CD (Chdir): operates only in the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable
media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. Chkdsk: The /p switch runs Chkdsk even if the drive is not flagged as dirty. The /r switch locates bad sectors and recovers readable information. This switch implies /p. Chkdsk requires Autochk. Chkdsk
automatically looks for Autochk.exe in the startup folder. If Chkdsk cannot find the file in the startup folder, it looks for the Windows Setup CD-ROM. If Chkdsk cannot find the installation CD-ROM, Chkdsk prompts the user for the location of Autochk.exe. Copy: copies one file to a target location. By default, the target cannot be removable media, and you
cannot use wildcard characters. Copying a compressed file from the Windows 2000 Setup CD-ROM automatically decompresses the file. Del (Delete): deletes one file. Operates within the system directories of the current Windows installation,
removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. By default, you cannot use wildcard characters. Dir: displays a list of all files, including hidden and system files. Disable: disables a Windows system service or driver. The variable service_or_driver is the name of the
service or driver that you want to disable. When you use this command to disable a service, the command displays the service‟s original startup type before it changes the type to SERVICE_DISABLED. Note the original startup type so that you can use the enable command to
restart the service. Enable: enables a Windows system service or driver. The variable service_or_driver is the name of the service or driver that you want to enable, and start_type is the startup type for an enabled service. The startup type uses one of the following formats:
Exit: quits the Recovery Console, and then restarts the computer. Expand: expands a compressed file. The variable source is the file that you want to expand. By default,
you cannot use wildcard characters. The variable destination is the directory for the new file. By default, the destination cannot be removable media and cannot be read-only. You can use the attrib command to remove the read-only attribute from the destination directory. The option /f:filespec is required if the source contains more than one file. This option permits wildcard characters. The /y switch disables the
overwrite confirmation prompt. Fixboot: writes a new startup sector on the system partition. Fixmbr: repairs the startup partition‟s master boot code. The variable device is an optional name that
specifies the device that requires a new Master Boot Record. Omit this variable when the target is the startup device. Format: formats a disk. The /q switch performs a quick format. The /fs switch specifies the file system. Help: If you do not use the command variable to specify a command, help lists all the commands that
the Recovery Console supports. Listsvc: displays all available services and drivers on the computer. Logon: displays detected installations of Windows and requests the local Administrator password for
those installations. Use this command to move to another installation or subdirectory. Map: displays currently active device mappings. Include the arc option to specify the use of Advanced
RISC Computing (ARC) paths (the format for Boot.ini) instead of Windows device paths. MD (Mkdir): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable
media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. More/Type: displays the specified text file on screen. Rd (Rmdir): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable
media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. Ren (Rename): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation,
removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. You cannot specify a new drive or path as the target. Set: displays and sets the Recovery Console environment variables. Systemroot: sets the current directory to %SystemRoot%.
Table-15: [Applies To: Windows XP or later. Here the GUID (Globally Unique Identifier) command
uses the Windows Shell to execute a task. All these commands may not work always. To create shortcut using these commands in this table refer Apendix-A10 and B.]
74 User Accounts shell:::{60632754-c523-4b62-b45c-4172da012619}
75 Web Browser (Default) shell:::{871c5380-42a0-1069-a2ea-08002b30309d}
76 Windows Anytime Upgrade shell:::{be122a0e-4503-11da-8bde-f66bad1e3f3a}
77 Windows CardSpace shell:::{78cb147a-98ea-4aa6-b0df-c8681f69341c}
78 Windows Defender shell:::{d8559eb9-20c0-410e-beda-7ed416aecc2a}
79 Windows Firewall shell:::{4026492f-2f69-46b8-b9bf-5654fc07e423}
80 Windows Marketplace shell:::{3e7efb4c-faf1-453d-89eb-56026875ef90}
81 Windows Mobility Center shell:::{5ea4f148-308c-46d7-98a9-49041b1dd468}
82 Windows Security Center shell:::{087da31b-0dd3-4537-8e23-64a18591f88b}
83 Windows SideShow shell:::{e95a4861-d57a-4be1-ad0f-35267e261739}
84 Windows Update shell:::{36eef7db-88ad-4e81-ad49-0e313f0c35f8}
Tips: To create shortcuts using the above GUID in Windows 7, create a new folder and rename the folder like this: for “Control Panel - Full” rename a folder in Windows 7 with the following: ControlPanel-Full.{ED7BA470-8E54-465E-825C-99712043E01C}
Unique and Special Commands Current User Location . Documents and Settings .. Users .. My Computer … System Partition \ Selective Windows Startup options: loading win.ini win.ini Selective Windows Startup options: loading system.ini system.ini
More Commands [Notes: These commands can be used to opening / doing a specific task or to create a shortcut for
frequent use. Use Command Prompt for these commands.] Locking Computer (Workstation):
%WinDir%\System32\rundll32 PowrProf.dll, SetSuspendState Notes: Hibernate option must be enabled in the “Power Options” from Control Panel. Otherwise the
system will go to standby mode. Shutdown Computer:
Abort Shutdown: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown -a Log Off: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown -s -t 00 Restart: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown -r -f -t 00 Shutdown: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown -s -f -t 00 Notes: Replace 00 preferably with any two digit number. For more see Apendix-A3.
Add or Remove Programs with specific tab:
Change or Remove Programs: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,0 Add New Programs (CD-ROM/Floppy): %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,1 Add/Remove Windows Components: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,2 Set Program Access and Defaults: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,3
[Notes: For these options (flags) in Vista or higher use/ (forward slash) instead of - (dash).]
4. TCP/IP: In Windows XP / Windows Server 2003, IPv4 protocol is the core networking protocol.
You can‟t uninstall it. But you can install/uninstall IPv6 protocol. In Windows Vista / Windows Server 2008 or higher, IPv6 protocol is the core networking protocol. You can‟t uninstall it. But you can install/uninstall IPv4 protocol.
5. The /allcompartmentsswitch: If you use the /allcompartments switch after the Ipconfig command, you can apply the command universally across all interfaces; for example, ipconfig /allcompartments /all or ipconfig /allcompartments /renew.
6. Windows Live Essentials: Windows Live Essentials 2011 (Wave 4, version 15 or higher) and
its components can run only on Windows Vista and Windows 7 or later. For Windows XP use Windows Live Essential (Wave 3, version 14). Windows Live Essential can‟t be installed on Windows Server 2003 / Server 2008 / 2008 R2.
7. XPS Viewer: “XPS Essentials Pack” or “XPS Viewer EP” is a standalone application from
Microsoft to view and create XPS formats. Also you can view XPS documents in Internet Explorer if “.NET Framework 3.0” or higher isinstalled.
8. Recovery: For Vista, Server 2008, Windows 7 or higher, Recovery Console is not available
(as previously with Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003). This is replaced by various advance recovery options. You can use commands to diagnose and troubleshoot the OS related issues through booting with a recovery disk or by a Windows DVD in recovery mode. Use the following commands: Restore System files and Settings: srtrui.exe Windows Complete PC Restore: bmrui.exe Windows DISM Capture: dwscapture.exe For Windows 7 / Server 2008 R2 (not for Vista) you don‟t need to boot from Windows DVD to
use system recovery functions. Press F8 before windows start up and select Repair Your Computer options from the “Advance Boot Options” menu, to get into System Recovery Options. You only need the “Windows Installation Disc” or “System Repair Disc” only when you can‟t boot windows or when you get the error “Bootmgr is missing”.
9. RUN AS: This command line tool enables you to run programs using the credential of another user. This feature has been improved in Windows 7 as Run As Administrator in the graphical
mode. In the command line mode this tool has also some extended functions in Windows 7. 10. Command Tips (Create shortcut): Many commands in this ebook can be used for executing
a task or configuring system settings. The commands can be run from RUN box or commands prompt. If you want to use the particular command frequently then you can make a shortcut and place it on the Desktop / Start Menu for an easy use of it. If you find problem with the some commands (mentioned in this ebook) in Windows Vista or higher then use / (forward slash) instead of - (dash) for the options in a particular command.
To create a shortcut for program: right-click on the desktop click New > Shortcut. In the location type / paste the command and click Next, then type a proper title / name for that program and click finish. To create shortcut for the GUID commands add the word “shell:” before that command if that word is not present in that command and paste in the location
box.
11. Creating Command for Programs:
You can make your own commands too. If you want to launch a program from RUN or from command prompt. Follow these steps:
Create a shortcut for a program. Name the shortcut anything as you wish. Don‟t name this same to windows commands, otherwise this will not work.
Copy it to the “%windows%\system32” folder. Then open RUN box, type in the name and
press Enter.
12. Running Recovery Console: Insert the Windows XP startup disk into the floppy disk drive, or insert the Windows XP
CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive, and then restart the computer.
Press any key to start the computer from the CD-ROM drive if you are prompted.
When the “Welcome to Setup” screen appears, press R to start the Recovery Console.
If you have a dual-boot or multiple-boot computer, select the installation that you must access from the Recovery Console.
When you are prompted, type the Administrator password. Or ENTER for blank password.
At the command prompt, type the appropriate commands to diagnose and repair your Windows XP installation. For a list of commands that are available in Recovery Console, type recoveries console commands or help and pressENTER.
For information about a specific command, type help command name at the command prompt and then press ENTER.
To exit the Recovery Console and restart the computer, issue exit command.
How to install the Recovery Console Insert the Windows XP CD into the CD-ROM drive. Click Start, and click RUN. Then type
x:\i386\winnt32 /cmdcons where x is the drive letter for the CD-ROM drive.
A Windows Setup Dialog Box appears. The Windows Setup Dialog Box describes the Recovery Console option. To confirm the installation, click Yes.
Restart the computer. The next time that you start your computer, “Microsoft Windows Recovery Console” appears on the startup menu.
Notes: Always use Windows XP Professional Service Pack 3 CD to Install the Recovery
Console and to avoid any error - refer to: KB898594.
13. MMC: Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-ins can be opened with the default
consoles (.msc extension) installed with Windows. You can create custom console file, save it in the system32 folder and can open from command prompt or from RUN. When saving the
console the file name should be unique, without space and must not conflict with other windows files or commands. You can open console snap-ins in two ways: Example: Device manager Commands: devmgmt.msc or mmc devmgmt.msc
14. Creating custom Command for an App: Open Registry Editor (from Start Menu > RUN and type regedit then press Enter):
Go to the location: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\App Paths\
Create a new Key and name it as per exact executable file name of your app (example “windbg.exe" file for "Debugging Tools for Windows (x86)"). Remember to add .exe in the key name. The key name must be same as the app's executable name to avoid confusion.
Then in the right pane change the value of the default string value named as "Default", to
the address of the app's installation folder. The app's address must be direct and not be with environment variables. Example: C:\Program Files\Debugging Tools for Windows (x86)\windbg.exe
And create another new string named “Path” and changed the value to the location of the app. Example: C:\Program Files\Debugging Tools for Windows (x86)\
Then close registry editor and issue the command in the RUN. These commands may not be executed from Command Prompt.
15. RUN vs. Command Prompt: RUN: It is used to execute some of the Windows functions and
features. These commands are based on environment variables and Windows registry. Also some MS-DOS commands can be executed from RUN box. Command Prompt: Command Prompt also called Windows Command Processor is the
stripped down version of earlier MS-DOS operating system for Windows environment. The commands are mostly same as MS-DOS commands or derived from it. Many Windows functions and tools are integrated with Command Prompt for better usability. You have to open the Command Prompt with administrator credential to execute commands.
16. Rules in this Ebook All commands in this ebook are case sensitive, although many are written with
multiple cases.Making shortcuts: Many of these commands can be used for creating shortcuts. For command usage use /? Switch after a command. Short forms: App = Application, Apps = Applications, IE= Internet Explorer, WinME =
Windows ME, 2K = Windows 2000, 2K3 = Windows Server 2003, XP or WinXP = Windows XP, Win7 = Windows 7, Vista = Windows Vista, 2K8 = Windows Server 2008, %WinDir% = %SystemRoot%, rundll32 = rundll32.exe, rundll32 = %SystemRoot%\system32\rundll32.exe. Abbreviations: ACL: Access Control List, ADSI: Active Directory Services Interfaces, COM: Component Object Model, DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model, SMS: System Management Server, DPI: Dots per inch, IIS: Internet Information Services, iSCSI: Internet Small Computer System Interface, ISE: Integrated Scripting Environment, XPS: XML Paper Specification, ATM: Asynchronous Transfer Mode, MDT: Microsoft Deployment Toolkit, WIM: Windows Imaging Format, VHD: Virtual Hard Disk, WET: Windows Easy Transfer, SCCM: System Center Configuration Manager, BITS: Background Intelligent Transfer Service, MAC: Media Access Control, TFTP: Trivial File Transfer Protocol, FQDN: Fully Qualified Domain Name, ODBC: Open Database Connectivity, SCCM: System Center Configuration Manager, WDS: Windows Deployment Service. Notes: For more abbreviations go to: http://bit.ly/cI8Fwz
17. Windows Deployment Tools: DISM.exe, Diskpart, imagex.exe, MAP, MDT 2010, SCCM 2007, sysprep.exe, Windows SIM, WET, Windows PE, WIM image, USMT, VHD, VHD boot, Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor etc.
pushd Stores the current directory for use by the POPD command and then changes to the specified
directory. Syntax: PUSHD [path | ..] Parameters path Specifies the directory to make the current directory. Notes: If Command Extensions are enabled the PUSHD command accepts network paths in addition to
the normal drive letter and path. If a network path is specified, PUSHD will create a temporary drive letter that points to that specified network resource and then change the current drive and directory, using the newly defined drive letter. Temporary drive letters are allocated from Z: on down, using the first unused drive letter found.
popd Changes to the directory stored by the PUSHD command. POPD Notes: If Command Extensions are enabled the POPD command will delete any temporary drive letter
created by PUSHD when you POPD that drive off the pushed directory stack.
regsvr32 This command-line tool registers .dll files as command components in the registry. Syntax: regsvr32 [/u] [/s] [/n] [/i[:cmdline]] dllname Parameters /u Unregisters server. /s Specifies regsvr32 to run silently and to not display any message boxes. /n Specifies not to call DllRegisterServer. You must use this option with /i. /i:cmdline Calls DllInstall passing it an optional [cmdline]. When used with /u, it calls dll uninstall.
dllname Specifies the name of the dll file that will be registered. Examples: To register the .dll for the Compressed Folder, type: regsvr32 zipfldr.dll
Appendix-B CHANGED FEATURES AND NAMES
Table-16: [Applies To: Vista, Server 2008, 2008 R2, Windows 7 and other Microsoft
technologies.
FEATURES / SERVICES / TOOLS
SL. NEWER FORMER
WINDOWS VISTA (Client) WINDOWS 2000, XP, SERVER 2003
01 Backup and Restore Center NTBackup (Windows Backup Utility)
02 Computer My Computer
03 Credential Manager Stored User Names and Passwords
04 Documents My Documents
05 Ease of Access Center Accessibility Options
06 Getting Started or Welcome Center Windows XPTour
Continuous learning is the minimum requirement for success in any field.
84 Windows Script Host Windows Scripting Host
85 Windows SteadyState Microsoft Shared Computer Toolkit
86 Windows Virtual PC Microsoft Virtual PC
Naming Trends (New to Old) Networks > Network Places > My Network Places
Windows Resource Protection (Vista/2K8/Win7) > Windows File Protection (System File Checker (sfc.exe) (2K/XP/2K3) > System File Protection (WinME)
Bing > Live Search > Windows Live Search > MSN Search
Windows Live Mesh > Live Mesh > Windows Live Sync > Windows Live FolderShare
Notes: Functionalities of some Microsoft product and technologies has been enhanced and
consolidated with some other products / features. Sometimes you may not even notice the small changes in a product features listed here. This table makes easy understanding of the ever changing Microsoft technologies.
REFERENCES Books / Articles:
MCTS: Windows 7 Configuring (Exam 70-680), MCTS: Exam 70-649, MCTS: Windows Vista (Exam 70-620 and 70-622), Microsoft Encyclopedia of Security,Microsoft Office 2003 Resource Kit,Microsoft Windows Internals, 4
th Ed. and 5
th Ed, Microsoft Windows Vista Administration, Understanding IPv6 2
nd
Ed., Windows 7 Inside Out,Windows 7 Resource Kit, Windows Registry Guide, Windows Vista Inside Out, Windows Vista Resource Kit,Office 2010 All-in-One For Dummies,CCNA Study Guide (Exam 640-802), OtherMCITP books.
Programs and Tools:
Admin Packs,Camtech Tools, DameWare NT Utilities, Debugging Tools for Windows, dllusage, EasyBCD, gtools, HijackThis, InnoSetup, nLite, Notepad2, NSIS, Path, pserv, RT 7 Lite, Resource Hacker, Sysinternals Tools, System Explorer, Unlocker, vLite, WinTricks, Windows AIK, Windows Resource Kit Tools, Windows SDK, XP SysPad etc.
Administrative Power Tricks: http://bit.ly/evb1A3 Known/Unknown Facts on Windows: http://bit.ly/gh8pYX Integrate “Service Packs” into Windows and Office Installations: http://bit.ly/eTR9X0 Vista Folder-File Info: http://bit.ly/1qZvcq Enable or Disable Windows Update Auto Restart: http://bit.ly/flMBGH Windows Common FAQs-001: http://bit.ly/fP84rx The computer screen dims after resume from Hibernation: http://bit.ly/aphG9n Creating custom RUN commands for your favorite apps: http://t.co/ww6nfrw