3/12/2012 - TUNI · 3/12/2012 2 1) Overview of Smart Grid concepts, visions and Roadmaps 2) Finnish Smart Grids version 1.0 3) Smart Grids and Energy Market (SGEM) –project Material:

3/12/2012

1

SET-1520 Sähköenergiatekniikan uudet sovellukset (SET-1520 New Applications in Electrical Energy Engineering)– Smart Grids (5 op)• course is based on on-going research activities with changing topics

target group is under-graduate students at TUT, but the course is also suitable for post-graduate studiesthe last implementation in spring 2011 was on Solar Power Systems

• Implementation in spring 2012 focus on issues of Smart Gridsmaterial is in English, but presentations in Finnish or in English (default)delivering the material through the web-page of the course• http://webhotel2.tut.fi/units/set/opetus/kurssit/SET_1520/course implementation• seminar type lectures• some demonstrations in laboratory• group work including poster and written description on own vision of

Smart Grids 2030• exam

1

Preliminary agenda

• week 11, Tuesday 13.3 (Pertti Järventausta)Introduction of the courseOverview of Smart Grid concepts, visions and Roadmaps, Finnish Smart Grids version 1.0SGEM –program in general

• week 11, Thursday 15.3 (Sami Repo)Active network management

• week 12, Tuesday 20.3 (Enrique Acha)High voltage Smart Grids and FACTS –devices

• week 12, Thursday 22.3 (Jani Valtari, ABB)Smart substation automation

Preliminary agenda

• week 13, Tuesday 27.3 (Ari Nikander)Electrotechnical issues and earth fault management, phase earthing system

• week 13, Thursday 29.3Proactive network monitoring

• Cable condition monitoring (Ossi Bergius)• Power Quality issues (Marko Pikkarainen)• High frequency measurements and their application in distribution

networks (Bashir Siddiqui)

• week 14, Tuesday 3.4 (Janne Stranden and Heidi Krohns-Välimäki)Management of major disturbances

• week 15, Thursday 12.4 (Jenni Rekola)DC distribution and power electronics applications in Smart Grids

Preliminary agenda

• week 16, Tuesday 17.4 (Antti Mutanen)State estimation and load modeling

• week 16, Thursday 19.4 (Antti Rautiainen)Electric vehicles in Smart Grids

• week 17, Tuesday 24.4 (Pertti Järventausta)Interactive customer gateway, Demand Response, Smart home solutions

• week 18, Thursday 26.4 (Ilkka Nikander from ABB and Shenque Lu)IT and ICT infrastructure of Smart Grids

• week 18, Thursday 3.5: Visiting lecture (Sauli Antila, LNI Network Oy)Smart Grids in practice

• week 19, Tuesday 8.5: reserve date

• week 19, Thursday 10.5: Poster session on group works

3/12/2012

2

1) Overview of Smart Grid concepts, visions and Roadmaps

2) Finnish Smart Grids version 1.0

3) Smart Grids and Energy Market (SGEM) –project

Material:• Järventausta P., Repo S., Rautiainen A., Partanen J., Smart grid power system control

in distributed generation environment. Elsevier Annual Reviews in Control 34 (2010) p. 277-286

• Järventausta P., Verho P., Partanen J., Kronman D., Finnish Smart Grids - a migration from version one to the next generation. Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2011), June 2011, Frankfurt, Germany

• Vijayapriya T., Kothari D.P., Smart Grid: An Overview. Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, 2011, 2, p. 305-311

Why Smart Grids?

• Today the electricity is carried along a power grid that dates back to the 20th

century while it should meet the challenges of the 21st century, such as: greenhouse gas reductiongrowing energy demand and economic growthenergy independency and securityenergy and environmental policy and regulationtechnology advancementinfrastructure reliability and securityadvancement consumer services21st century power quality ...

• To meet these challenges a concept for future electricity networks, Smart Grids, has been developed

Traditional versus Smart Grids – a transition

• Centralized power generation• One-directional power flow• Operation based on historical

experience• Weak market integration

• Centralized and distributed power generation (renewable)

• Controllable multi-directional power flow• Operation based on real time data• Smart Grid integrates distributed

resources into energy markets and power systems

Traditional Grid Smart Grids

8

What is a Smart Grid? (some definitions)

• “Electricity networks that can intelligently integrate the behaviour and actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies.” (The European Technology Platform Smart Grids)

• “Smart Grid is an electricity network that can efficiently integrate the behavior and actions of all users connected to it – generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to ensure economically efficient, sustainable power system with low losses and high levels of quality and security of supply and safety“ (European Regulators Group for Electricity & Gas - ERGEG)

3/12/2012

3

9

What is a Smart Grid?

• Smart Grids also deals with and delivers information and intelligenceintelligence is that generation is controlled, new energy services enabled and energy efficiency improved by the better use of technologies, solutions and better plan and run of existing grids

• Smart Grid means new innovations and technologies that are aiming at transforming the present electrical energy system digitized and more intelligent

operation more or less as dependent on the reliability of communication networks as electricity networksoperates like a smart person

Source: L. Söder, NORDAC 2010

UPS systems

Smart grids has two main functions, which are challenges to the distribution system:

1) Enabler of energy-efficient and environmentally friendly open energy marketinteractive customer interface, integration of active resources, demand response, common market models and comprehensive ICT solutions

Smart Grids - Future Energy SystemsDistributed energy resources with fully integrated network management

2) Critical infrastructure of society

fault and major disturbance managementself-healing networksisland operation and microgrids

Visions and concepts for future power delivery system

• There are much research, and many visions and concepts for future power delivery system, like

– Super grid, Smart grid, Intelligent grid, Active network, Micro grid, Power cell, etc.

• Some of them focus on transmission level functions (e.g. integration of large-scale wind power or utilization of FACTS -devices) as some cover low voltage level and customer interface (e.g. large-scale advanced AMR)

• The concepts have many common features but also some differences– the main aims to fulfil the needs are still same

Super grid

3/12/2012

4

Vision of smart grids- drivers and needs of smart grids (1/2)

• The penetration of distributed generation (DG), especially based on Renewable Energy Sources (RES), will continue due to environmental reasons

• The European and North American vision is to have common electricity market area with a high penetration of distributed power generation

• Efficient use of energy at customer level including an intelligent demand response has become an essential issue

• Power quality (supply reliability and voltage quality) requirements will increase due to public and regulatory actions

– at the same time failure rates are expected increased due to the climate change

• There is a need, due to economical reasons, to increase the utilization rate of existing network

– the traditional way of developing a distribution network would be the investment on passive wires which would lead to decrement of utilization rate

Vision of smart grids- drivers and needs of smart grids (2/2)

• Many components of existing networks are becoming into end of their lifetime

– replacement or continuation of their lifetime in safe and controlled way

• Regulation of network companies will tighten up while companies want to ensure profitability of their business

– this will mean rationalization of network management both in short- and in long-term perspective

• The risk of major disturbances is increasing, both the probability and consequences

– the reason for increased probability is the complexity of power network and the increased failure rate due to climate change

– the consequences are increasing due to society’s higher dependency on the power supply

Impact of a smart grid on the need for energy system capacity Balance of production and consumption

• Production and consumption of electricity must be in balance all the time in the power system

• So far production has followed consumptionfrequency is controlled by generators

• In the future there will be morelack of production capacitynuclear power which is not participating in power system controlintermittent wind and solar power

• In Smart Grids also consumption follows productiondemand side management (DSM) and demand response (DR)• need of load increase at system level (more production than consumption)

energy to storages at customer level• need of load decrease at system level

energy from storages at customer level

16

3/12/2012

5

ConsumptionProduction

• Wind and solar power requires more balance power

• Smart Grid enables balance by interconnected networks and also by integrated active small consumers

Challenge in integration of renewable energy sources - availability of emission free balance power

Reference: (Bartholomew, Callender, Hindes 2009)

Smart Grid challenges for electricity distribution system

• The aim of smart grid concept is that electricity distribution networks create a market place for small-scale power producers (i.e distributed generation) and for customers (i.e users of electricity)

• Distribution system will meet challenges e.g. to enhance it’s functionality as the real market place, as follows:

– improving the capability to serve the increasing amount of distributed generation,

– enabling the electricity market development at the customer level e.g. for enhancing market-based demand response

– safe and cost-efficient operation of networks in all circumstances

Low voltage (LV) network automation– drivers and needs

• The role of the LV automation has traditionally been quite slight in electricity distribution as the importance of it to the reliability of the distribution network is relatively small

• Distribution automation have been focused mainly on the medium voltage (MV) side whereas the LV network has got remarkably less attention

• Electricity distribution systems around the world are slowly evolving into a direction that increases the importance of LV network in electricity distribution

• In the future Smart Grids the role of LV network will be significant due tosmall scale distributed generation (DG)the charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)

Intelligent metering

• Intelligent metering has been seen as an essential part of Smart Grid -vision, especially for

– interconnection of distributed generation– load control and demand side management– efficient use of energy– quality of supply– active distribution network management

3/12/2012

6

Terms of intelligent metering

• AMR Automated Meter Reading

• AMM Automated Meter Management

• AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure

• Smart metering all above togetherPresent and forecast: capacity, availability, demand, price, contract terms

Need for communicationNeed for communication

Suppliers

Appliances, Equipment

Grid operator

Customer

Present and forecast: capacity, availability, price, contract terms

Present and forecast: capacity, availability, price, contract terms. Managing balance, losses, voltage, frequency, reserve.

Real-time cost, availability, contracted reliability, quality, demand and supply, packaged options, electricity provider responsive to client’s request, generation/demand meets connection requirements

Intelligent Metering is the gateway

Backround – Drivers for AMI in EU

European Union has set energy and emission targets for year 2020. These are also known 20-20-20 targets and they include:

• a reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions of at least 20% below 1990 levels

• 20% of EU energy consumption to come from renewable resources

• a 20% reduction in primary energy use compared with projected levels, to be achieved by improving energy efficiency.

20-20-20 targets are set to laws

More detailed following obligations have been set to member states :

1. “Provide for the possibility of using energy efficiency and demand side management as alternatives to new supply and for environmental protection” (Energy end use efficiency and energy services directive 2005)

2. “Member States shall ensure the implementation of intelligent metering systems – subject to an economic assessment” (2006/32/EC2006/32/EC Article 13 & 3rd Energy Package)

3. “ The consumer should be provided with information on actual consumption often enough to enable customer to regulate his own energy consumption” (2006/32/EC2006/32/EC)

3/12/2012

7

AMI development in EU area

Country Status

Sweden Completed

Italy Completed

Finland 80 % by 1.1.2014

Norway 2015

Denmark Discussion

UK Mandatory

France 2012-2017

Spain 2018

Austria Discussion

Belgium Discussion

Germany Postponed

Netherland Postponed

Portugal Postponed

Greece Postponed

26

Challenges and risks of the Smart Grid

• Transition from present system to SGfrom one-way to two-way system

• in information and electrical flow

• Communication systemsinteroperabilitycyber attacks

• Complexity of the system

• Intermittent nature of power generationpower curtailments of certain customers?business models for demand response to activate customers

• Economic challenges

• Regulatory barriers and disincentives

Interaction of actors in different Smart Grid domains through secure communication flows and electrical flows

Conceptual reference diagram for Smart Grid information networks

3/12/2012

8

Communications diagram– AMI systems applications

29

Data management in the future business environment

Distribution company Asset management

Customer

Network database

Metering database

NIS

DMS

Process database

SCADA

CIS

energy metering, power quality, usage reports, etc.

energy usage data

Network operation

Electricity seller forecasting, risk

management

Maintenance Construction

Network planning

Long-term planning

CRM customer information,

customer service, billing, marketing

Metering

Balance settlement

Customer database

CIS – Customer Information System NIS – Network Information System DMS – Distribution Management System

The role of ICT in Smart Grids

• Development of communication technologyReal time M2M communication will be available everywhere to everone

communication for ”Smart Grids is ”a piece of cake”??

• Complexity of network management (electrical, communication) will be multipliedwho will manage the whole entity

• also knowledge of humans will be emphasized configuration of equipment and functions

• ICT in management of Smart Gridsincreased complexity black out of the whole systemblack out are communication and computer systems still working?? is the electricity network still working??

• is Smart Grid too dependent on communication?• on the other hand Smart Grids enables local solutions (e.g. island

operation, micro grids), which support actions in major disturbances

Definition of a computer system

• ”Tietojärjestelmä on laitteistosta, ohjelmistosta, tietokannasta ja tietoliikenneyhteyksistä muodostuva kokonaisuus, joka kerää, käsittelee, varastoi, analysoi ja levittää tietoa jotakin tiettyä tarkoitusta varten. Yleisesti ottaen tämä tarkoitus on organisaation tukeminen tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi. Tietojärjestelmään voidaan katsoa sisältyvän myös järjestelmää käyttävät ihmiset.”

lähde: Turban, E., McLean, E. & Wetherbe, J. 2002. Information Technology for Management. 3.p. John Wiley & Sons. 771 s.

3/12/2012

9

Future infrastructure ofpower distribution

SmartGrids

Active resources

Intelligent management andoperation of smart grids

Smar

t Grid

s ar

chite

ctur

es

Energy market

Aspects of smart grids

• requirements of SG• various network

conditions• enabling new

technologies

• large scale cabling• DC and power

electronics in distribution

• new materials

• DG• loads• electric vehicles• storages• customers• aggregators

• Interactive interfaces for active resources

• electrical conversion and network connection of DG

Drives, e.g:• mitigation of climate

change• efficiency of energy and

network resouces• quality of network service

• ICT solutions• network automation and

protection• asset management• new software tools

• active market participation• energy management• changes in business

environment (e.g. service purchasing, de-regulation, regulation)

Finnish Smart Grids – version 1.0

34

Name/Title of the presentation to be changed on the master page 12.3.2012

Smart Grid visions

• Something brand-new which is ready 15 years hence?OR

• Continuum from previous decades and systems today?

UPS systems


• SCADA systems from 1970’s

• Load and tariff control and remote meter reading through low-band PLC from middle of 1970’s

from HV/MV substation to LV customer

• Geo-graphical Network Information Systems from 1980’snetwork calculation and planning in addition to network documentation and map drawinginterfaces to other systems, e.g. customer information data basehourly-load curves in network calculation

• Innovative conductor structures AMKA from 1960’sCovered conductor (PAS) from 1980’s

3/12/2012

10


• Remote controlled disconnector stations from early 1980’s

• Microprosessor based relays from early 1980’s

• Distribution management system from early 1990’sfault location of MV-feedersstate estimation and switching planningautomatic fault isolation and network restoration

Distribution management system- in practice in all Finnish DSO’s

DMS

SCADAPC-workstations

LAN

communications

customers

field crew

GPS

distribution network

substationequipment

remote use

WANData bases- network datacustomer data- load models- maps

DMS


LAN

communications

customers

field crew

GPS


substationequipment

remote use


DMS


LAN

communications

customers

field crew

GPS


substationequipment

remote use


IT-solutions for fault location in distribution networks

Protection & Control

SPAor LO N ®

Localcontrol

G ateway

110 kV/20 kV

Primary substation

Control center

Measured fault current

Fault isolation and network restoration

Remote controlled switchings

Short circuit

Calculated fault location

Operation of protectionrelay

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

hour

s

1988 1991 1994 1997 2000

Average outage time of customer in one Finnish distribution company

Results


• Open energy market from 1995

• Interconnected Nordic Electricity Markets from late 1990’s

• Electricity exchange from late 1990’s

• Market for service providers from 2000’sstarted with network construction

• Outage costs as a part of economic regulation of DSO’s from 2008long and short interruptions

3/12/2012

11


• 1. generation AMR-systems from 1990’s

• 2. generation AMR-systems from 2000’sPower quality data management from 2000’s

• Real time indication of LV-faults using AMR systems from late 2000’s

• Customer-specific hourly load information in Web in early 2010’s

• Real-time billing from early 2010’s

• Full scale (all customers) AMR-system from 2013 by lawenergy (hourly measurement)demand responsepower quality

Substation automation

SCADA

DMSControl center

Traditional way of distribution network management

Asset management

network datacustomer data

New way of distribution networkmanagement by using AMR

AMR system is used as an extension of SCADA and DMS for controlling and monitoring also the fuse protected networks, especially LV-networks

SCADA

DMS

Assetmanagement


Controlcenter

AMR system

Measurementdata base Balance

settlement

Billing

Substationautomation

Using AMR in low voltage network management

• Traditionally a low voltage (LV) network fault is cleared by blown fuse and no information is received to the control centre– the existence of a LV-network fault is usually based on customer calls – automatic monitoring has been used only in medium voltage networks

• Using advanced AMR meter as a smart terminal unit and gateway for real time two-way communication enables alarms on exceptional events, e.g. network faults and voltage violations

• Low voltage network management may include functions, e.g, to:– indicate automatically if a fuse in the low voltage network has burnt or

a conductor is broken– locate the fault– isolate the customer from the network if needed– provide accurate interruption data– monitor voltages at customer site in real-time– provide power quality information for customer service

3/12/2012

12

Comprehensive network management

• Using integration of AMR, DMS and QMS (i.e quality monitoring system) in network operation, asset management, customer service and other functions

QMS

DMS = Distribution Management SystemQMS = Quality Monitoring System

SCADA

DMS

Assetmanagement


Controlcenter

Substationautomation

AMR system

Measurementdata base

Billing

Balancesettlement

Customer service

Power quality (PQ) monitoring as part of distribution automation (DA)

• Possibilities of improving PQ monitoring using existing DAprotection relays, monitoring units, advanced kWh-meterscommunication and remote reading systemsintegrated information systems

• including e.g. Web-based applications

Cost-effective continuous on-line PQ monitoring• abnormal quantities are identified by DA• more detailed measurements with advanced equipment

• The measured PQ data can be used for network design and system development

• reasonable focusing of the network investmentscustomer complaints and servicesstatistics

The pilot case of Koillis-Satakunnan Sähkö Oy

Laatuvahti

Sähkön laatu DB

VTJ

DMS

Viewer EQL

- reporting

Laatuvahti

Laatuvahti

Trans - mit DB

SCADA Internet

PQ meter

Power quality DB

AM/FM/GIS

DMS

Viewer EQL

- reporting

PQ meter

PQ meter

Trans - mit DB

SCADA Internet

Quality Guard - an advanced kWh-meter

• Fairly cheap kWh-meter with power quality monitoring functions

• In addition to the powers and currents the Quality Guard is able tometer e.g. the following quantities for each of the three phases:

active power, apparent power, total and fundamental frequencyreactive powersupply voltage distortion (~ total harmonic distortion (THD))most important harmonic components of supply voltageDC-voltage componentfrequency of the supply voltagevoltage unbalance between the three phasesvoltage dips

3/12/2012

13

49

Kotitalousasiakkaan tuntitehot


• Innovative network structures • 20/1/0.4 kV distribution systems from early 2000’s• weather proof network from late 2000’s• LVDC (± 750 V, active voltage control) distribution systems from early 2010’s

20/0.4 kV (Pmax = 34 kW)

20 kV

1 km

200 m0.4 kV

0.4 kV 0.4 kV

20/1 kV750V

800 mAC/DC

750V200 m

750V200 m

DC/AC400 VAC

200 m0.4 kV

Pmax = 10 kW/as

LVDC

LVAC

Power electronics in electricity distribution

• Reasons in favour of power electronics:– decreasing prices and rapid technical

progress of power electronics– increasing costs of traditional network

technologies– increasing distributed generation (wind

power, solar power, fuel cells etc.) – improved reliability of power electronic

devices– management of electricity networks

and electricity trading call for more detailed measurement data

– requirements for more reliable and higher-quality electricity delivery

400 V

AC/DC

DC/AC inverterat every customer

DG

Storage

Medium voltage

The traditional interfaces of generation, distribution and use (loads) will change

3/12/2012

14


• Comprehensive distribution automation


• Comprehensive system for Smart Grids version 2.0

UPS systems

FinnishSmart Grid and Energy Market (SGEM)

research program

55

3/12/2012

15

Limited Company (reg. 16.7. 2008)

Shareholders:Major global companies which have a significant stake in energy and environment related R&D&I in FinlandThe most essential Finnish research institutes

Owners of CLEEN Oy

Companies

ABB OyFortum OyjFoster WheelerEnergia OyHelsingin EnergiaKemira OyjKuusakoski OyLassila & Tikanoja OyMetso OyjNeste Oil OyjStora Enso OyjVaisala OyjWärtsilä Finland Oy

Andritz OyEkokem Oy AbFCG Planeko OyGasum OyHollming OyKumera OyOutokumpu OyjOutotec OyjPohjolan Voima OyRautaruukki OyjThe Switch Engineering OyUPM-Kymmene OyjVantaan Energia OyVapo OyVattenfall Verkko OyÅF-Consult Oy

Institutions

Helsingin yliopiston rahastoIlmatieteen laitos Joensuun Yliopiston TukisäätiöJyväskylän yliopistoKuopion yliopistoLappeenrannan teknillisen yliopiston rahastoMetsäntutkimuslaitosMittatekniikan keskusOulun yliopistoSuomen ympäristökeskusTampereen teknillinen yliopisto, vuorineuvos Paavo V. Suomisen rahastoTeknillisen korkeakoulun yliopistorahastoVaasan yliopistoVTTÅbo Akademi

3/12/2012

16

Smart Grids and Energy Markets (SGEM) consortium- R&D Cooperation – not commercial consortium

Coordinator1. Cleen Ltd

TSO and DSOs1. Fingrid2. Fortum3. Helen Sähköverkko4. Suur-Savon Sähkö5. Vantaan Energia6. Vattenfall Verkko

Joint sharing of Full Access Rights to all results and high level of publicity

Energy Technology Industry1. ABB 2. Aidon3. Alstom Grid4. Empower5. Tekla6. The Switch

ICT Industry1. Cybersoft2. Elektrobit3. Emtele4. Nokia Siemens

Networks5. TeliaSonera6. There Corporation7. Viola Systems

Research Partners1. Aalto University2. Lappeenranta Uni of Tech3. MIKES, Centre for

Metrology and Accreditation4. Tampere Uni of Tech5. Uni of Eastern Finland6. Uni of Oulu7. Uni of Vaasa8. VTT, Technical Research

Centre of Finland

SGEM key imperatives & facts

Key Imperatives•Create Innovation foundation to enable the Smart Grids vision

•Build internationally applicablesolutions

•Validate in real environment

•Ensure competence accumulation in research and business

•Utilize interactive international research environment

Facts•Focus on power distribution and interfaces

•The program consists of 7 interlinked work packages and spearhead demo projects.

•Industry make up 56% of the volume. 19 industry & 8 research partners.

•ICT companies contribute 29%

•5 year program, 57 M€ budget.

•CLEEN CSTI (Centre for Strategic Science, Technology and Innovation) program with Tekes public funding.

Smart Grid 2.0

Phase 1Phase 1Change Drivers in BusinessNew active resourcesEnabling technologies

Phase 2Phase 2New Grid ArchitectureNew Grid solutionsDemonstrations

Phase 3Phase 3New Energy Markets on SGSmart Customer InterfacesSafe operation of SG

Phase 4Phase 4New ICT & AutomationNew ways of planning gridsNew Business Opportunities

Phase 5Phase 5Next generation of management systems

2009

2011

Phased evolution approachbuild on the Finnish Smart Grid 1.0

Smart Grid 1.0

Future infrastructure ofPower systems

Smart Grids

Active resources

Intelligent management andoperation of Smart Grids

Driv

ers

and

visi

ons Energy m

arket

Work packages for 2nd FP

WP2: MV+LV networks, 6 tasks• Strategic planning• Large scale cabling• Phase earthing systems• LVDC networks

WP5: Active resources 3 tasks • Distributed

generation• Electrical vehicles• Energy storages

WP3: HV networks, 5 tasks• Utilizing increased controllability for balancing the power system • Regional subtransmission networks• Interconnection of large-scale wind power in HV networks• FACTS devices, Wide area monitoring and control systems

WP1: Drivers and visions3 tasks• Electricity from society’s

point of view• Migration scenarios

towards future Smart Grids,• Industry landscape,

standardization

WP6: Intelligent management and operation, 13 tasks• New ICT in network management, information security• New substation and measurement technology• Protection schemes, active network management, microgrids• Disturbance and field force management, self-healing networks• Network analysis and planning methods, proactive monitoring

WP7: Energy markets5 tasks• Business impacts

and models for DSO and retailers

• Integrated European market

• Opportunities and models for different market players

• Optimal deployment of smart resources

• Functioning of the electricity markets in different countries

WP4: Active Customer 8 tasks• Behavior of active

customers, trust and privacy

• Estimation of loads, DG and storage, DR potential

• Smart control of active resources

• DER aggregator’s optimization

• Customer gateway, ICT architectures

3/12/2012

17

Smart Grid Roadmapdone in SGEM project

65

12.3.2012

Questionnaire for Smart Grid Roadmap

• Large questionnaire survey with over 100 respondents was made to update the Smart Grids Roadmap for the SGEM program.

• The questionnaire takes into account the Nordic Market as well as Continental European Market perspective, and it was divided into four perspectives: Technology, Electricity Market, End-user and Smart Grid development

An example of an question- technology perspective, Q1.1

-20132014

20192020 ->

IEC-61850 (or similar standard) widely adoptedOver 80% of customers have Smart meters enabling new ancillary services

New incentives in regulation models

Hourly-based tariffs implemented

Over 80% of network customers have access to their hourly consumption reports

End-users have good understanding of their energy usage

CO2 emissions influence on corporate customers choice of energy supply

2017

FACTS-devices (STATCOM, SVC etc.) utilized in MV networks

New MV networks constructed by utilizing mostly different kind of cabling methods

Full controllability of LV network through Smart Meters or advanced equipment in MV/LV substations

"Condition based maintenance" widely used method for network assets

"Real-time" collection and analysis of Smart Meter data

Fast two-way communication infrastructure available for advanced monitoring and protection

Standard solution (e.g. CIM) adapted in IT-system integration

DSM widely used by the DSOs

Price signals seen and reacted in "real-time" by all market participants

Feed-in-tariff or green certificate for small-scale renewable generation for anyone available

Energy efficiency requirements (reduced losses) implemented for DSOs

Maximum allowed outage time below 6 hours / annum

Home energy management systems in over 20% private homes

Demand (power) based tariffs used for over 5% of private customers

Private customers buy customized energy efficiency services on large scale

New constructions are 0-energy buildings (with own production)

First energy communities created

Large-scale energy storages deployed in MV/LV networks

Renewable energy (wind, solar ) exceed 15% limit of total average generation

DC distribution technically and economically viable solution in MV/ LV networks on large scale

Fault locating, isolation and restoration fully automated without control room intervention

Local island operation technically and practically feasible

EV batteries used as energy storages or energy sources in the grid

DG has a great impact on market price and on management of power balance

European level electricity market implemented

Charging infrastructure for EVs widely deployed

Customers have an uninterruptible power supply by local energy storages

Significant portion of customers use a demand response service

Residential electricity heating controlled directly by retailers

Over 5% of customers deploy small-scale generation in their premises

Private customers acting on balance power market

2016

Smart Grids in the Nordic

Market

Aggregator commonly used market player besides retailer

Intelligent customer interface implementedVoltage and VAR regulation deployed in both MV and LV networks

Combined Roadmap for Nordic market

3/12/2012

18

Technology perspective (Nordic)

-20132014

20192020 ->

IEC-61850 (or similar standard) widely adopted

2017

FACTS-devices (STATCOM, SVC etc.) utilized in MV networks

New MV networks constructed by utilizing mostly different kind of cabling methods

Full controllability of LV network through Smart Meters or advanced equipment in MV/LV substations

"Condition based maintenance" widely used method for network assets

"Real-time" collection and analysis of Smart Meter data

Fast two-way communication infrastructure available for advanced monitoring and protection

Standard solution (e.g. CIM) adapted in IT-system integration

Large-scale energy storages deployed in MV/LV networks

Renewable energy (wind, solar ) exceed 15% limit of total average generation

DC distribution technically and economically viable solution in MV/ LV networks on large scale

Fault locating, isolation and restoration fully automated without control room intervention

Local island operation technically and practically feasible EV batteries used as energy storages or

energy sources in the grid

2016


Market

Voltage and VAR regulation deployed in both MV and LV networks

Electricity market perspective (Nordic)

-20132014

20192020 ->

Over 80% of customers have Smart meters enabling new ancillary servicesNew incentives in regulation models

Hourly-based tariffs implemented

2017

DSM widely used by the DSOs

Price signals seen and reacted in "real-time" by all market participants

Feed-in-tariff or green certificate for small-scale renewable generation for anyone available

Energy efficiency requirements (reduced losses) implemented for DSOs

DG has a great impact on market price and on management of power balance

European level electricity market implemented

Charging infrastructure for EVs widely deployed

2016


Market

Aggregator commonly used market player besides retailerIntelligent customer interface

implemented

End-user perspective (Nordic)

-20132014

20192020 ->

Over 80% of customers have access to their hourly consumption reports

End-users have good understanding of their energy usage

CO2 emissions influence on corporate customers choice of energy supply

2017

Maximum allowed outage time below 6 hours / annum

Home energy management systems in over 20% private homes

Demand (power) based tariffs used for over 5% of private customers

Private customers buy customized energy efficiency services on large scale

New constructions are 0-energy buildings (with own production)

First energy communities created

Customers have an uninterruptible power supply by local energy storages

Significant portion of customers use a demand response service

Residential electricity heating controlled directly by retailers

Over 5% of customers deploy small-scale generation in their premises Private customers acting on

balance power market

2016


Market

Preconditions and benefits in developing Smart Grids in the Nordic market

Impo

rtan

ce o

f the

asp

ect

1

2

3

4

5

IT and communication system (two-way communication, standards, data quality, system level integrations etc.)

high

low

Automation and advanced technology (AMRs, advanced relays, remotely controlled grid elements etc.)

DG connections and grid access (connection time, DG interconnection policy, "prosumer" possibility etc.)

Network capacity (grid capacity, RES-DG hosting capacity, HV/MV transformer capacity etc.)

Electric vehicle infrastructure development, hosting capacity for/of EVs, EV charging load handling

Distribution reliability (power system stability, SAIFI, MAIFI, interruption costs etc.)

Consumer awareness and customer participation (DSM and DR, advanced tariffs, "prosumers" etc.)

Sustainable development (carbon free energy sources, environmental impact of the network, reduction of risks in grid operation etc.)

Energy efficiency (technical losses, energy efficiency services, consumption monitoring etc.)

Power quality (voltage quality performance of the network infrastructure etc.)

preconditions benefits

3/12/2012

19

Preconditions and benefits in developing Smart Grids in Continental European market

Impo

rtan

ce o

f the

asp

ect

1

2

3

4

5

IT and communication system (two-way communication, standards, data quality, system level integrations etc.)

high

low

Automation and advanced technology (AMRs, advanced relays, remotely controlled grid elements etc.)

Network capacity (grid capacity, RES-DG hosting capacity, HV/MV transformer capacity etc.)

DG connections and grid access (connection time, DG interconnection policy, "prosumer" possibility etc.)

Electric vehicle infrastructure development, hosting capacity for/of EVs, EV charging load handling

Distribution reliability (power system stability, SAIFI, MAIFI, interruption costs etc.)

Sustainable development (carbon free energy sources, environmental impact of the network, reduction of risks in grid operation etc.)

Energy efficiency (technical losses, energy efficiency services, consumption monitoring etc.)

Power quality (voltage quality performance of the network infrastructure etc.)

Consumer awareness and customer participation (DSM and DR, advanced tariffs, "prosumers" etc.)

preconditions benefits

Comparison of Nordic and Continental European markets

• As comparison between Nordic and Continental European market it can be deduces that

DG (e.g. solar power in Germany), EV and energy storage related issues will be deployed in Continental European market earlier than in Nordic market.

Use of AMR for LV network management, ancillary services, hourly data utilization and hourly tariffs, energy use transparency (customer can study his own consumption), Home energy management systems, and distribution automation are being or will be deployed in Nordic market earlier than in Continental European market.

3/12/2012 - TUNI · 3/12/2012 2 1) Overview of Smart Grid concepts, visions and Roadmaps 2) Finnish Smart Grids version 1.0 3) Smart Grids and Energy Market (SGEM) –project Material:

Documents