National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) and Massachusetts Drinking Water Regulations
63 cis-12- Dichloroethylene 007 007 Some people who drink water containing cis-12-
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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ContaminantMCLG mgl MCL mgl Standard health effects language for public1 2
notification
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) and Massachusetts Drinking Water Regulations
69 Tetrachloroethylene Zero 0005 Some people who drink water containing
tetrachloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many
years could have problems with their liver and may
have an increased risk of getting cancer
70 Toluene 1 1 Some people who drink water containing toluene
well in excess of the MCL over many years could
have problems with their nervous system kidneys
or liver
71 124-Trichlorobenzene 007 007 Some people who drink water containing 124-
trichlorobenzene well in excess of the MCL over
many years could experience changes in their
adrenal glands
72 111-Trichloroethane 02 02 Some people who drink water containing 111-
trichloroethane in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their liver
nervous system or circulatory system
73 112-Trichloroethane 0 0005 Some people who drink water containing 112-
trichloroethane well in excess of the MCL over
many years could have problems with their liver
kidneys or immune systems
74 Trichloroethylene Zero 0005 Some people who drink water containing tri-
chloroethylene in excess of the MCL over many
years could experience problems with their liver and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer
75 Vinyl chloride Zero 0002 Some people who drink water containing vinyl
chloride in excess of the MCL over many years may
have an increased risk of getting cancer
76 Xylenes (total) 10 10 Some people who drink water containing xylenes in
excess of the MCL over many years could
experience damage to their nervous system
G Radioactive Contaminants
77 Betaphoton emitters Zero 4 mremyr Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit forms15
of radiation known as photons and beta radiation
Some people who drink water containing beta and
photon emitters in excess of the MCL over many
years may have an increased risk of getting cancer
78 Alpha emitters Zero 15 pCil Certain minerals are radioactive and may emit a17
form of radiation known as alpha radiation Some
people who drink water containing alpha emitters in
excess the MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer
79 Combined radium (226 amp
228)
Zero 5 pCil Some people who drink water containing radium
226 or 228 in excess of the MCL over many years
may have an increased risk of getting cancer
80 Uranium Zero 30 mgL Some people who drink water containing uranium in16
excess of the MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer and kidney toxicity
H Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs)Byproduct Precursors Disinfectant Residuals Where Disinfection used in the treatment of
drinking water Disinfectants combine with organic and inorganic matter present in water to form chemicals called Disinfection
byproducts (DBPs) EPA sets standards for controlling the levels of Disinfectants and DBPs in drinking water including
Trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acid (HAAs)18
81 Total trihalomethanes
(TTHMs)
NA 0080 Some people who drink water containing (TTHMs)19 20
Trihalomethanes in excess of the MCL over many
years may experience problems with their liver
kidneys or central nervous system and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer
82 Haloacetic Acids (HAA) NA 006021 Some people who drink water containing haloacetic
acids in excess of the MCL over many years may
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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ContaminantMCLG mgl MCL mgl Standard health effects language for public1 2
notification
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) and Massachusetts Drinking Water Regulations
have an increased risk of getting cancer
83 Bromate Zero 001 Some people who drink water containing bromate in
excess of the MCL over many years may have an
increased risk of getting cancer
84 Chlorite 008 1 Some infants and young children who drink water
containing chlorite in excess of the MCL could
experience nervous system effects Similar effects
may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who drink
water containing chlorite in excess of the MCL
Some people may experience anemia
85 Chlorine 4 (MRDLG) 40 (MRDL) Some people who use water containing chlorine 22 23
well in excess of the MRDL could experience
irritating effects to their eyes and nose Some
people who drink water containing chlorine well in
excess of the MRDL could experience stomach
discomfort
86 Chloramines 4 (MRDLG) 40 (MRDL) Some people who use water containing chloramines
well in excess of the MRDL could experience
irritating effects to their eyes and nose Some
people who drink water containing chloramines well
in excess of the MRDL could experience stomach
discomfort or anemia
87a Chlorine dioxide where
any two consecutive daily
samples taken at the entrance to
the Distribution System are
above the MRDL
08 (MRDLG) 08 (MRDL) Some infants and young children who drink water
containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL
could experience nervous system effects Similar
effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of
the MRDL Some people may experience anemia
Add for public notification only The chlorine
dioxide violations reported today are the result of
exceedances at the treatment facility only not within
the distribution system which delivers water to
consumers Continued compliance with chlorine
dioxide levels within the distribution system
minimizes the potential risk of these violations to
consumers
87b Chlorine dioxide where
one or more Distribution System
samples are above the MRDL
08 (MRDLG) 08 (MRDL) Some infants and young children who drink water
containing chlorine dioxide in excess of the MRDL
could experience nervous system effects Similar
effects may occur in fetuses of pregnant women who
drink water containing chlorine dioxide in excess of
the MRDL Some people may experience anemia
Add for public notification only The chlorine
dioxide violations reported today include
exceedances of the EPA standard within the
distribution system which delivers water to
consumers Violations of the chlorine dioxide
standard within the distribution system may harm
human health based on short-term exposures
Certain groups including fetuses infants and young
children may be especially susceptible to nervous
system effects from excessive chlorine dioxide
exposure
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216 continued
ContaminantMCLG mgl MCL mgl Standard health effects language for public1 2
notification
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) and Massachusetts Drinking Water Regulations
88 Control of DBP precursors
(TOC)
None TT Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects
However total organic carbon provides a medium
for the formation of disinfection byproducts These
byproducts include Trihalomethanes (THMs) and
haloacetic acids (HAAs) Drinking water containing
these byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to
adverse health effects liver or kidney problems or
nervous system effects and may lead to an
increased risk of getting cancer
I Other Treatment Techniques
89 Acrylamide Zero TT Some people who drink water containing high levels
of acrylamide over a long period of time could have
problems with their nervous system or blood and
may have an increased risk of getting cancer
90 Epichlorohydrin Zero TT Some people who drink water containing high levels
of epichlorohydrin over a long period of time could
experience stomach problems and may have an
increased risk of getting cancer
J Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)
91 PFAS6 None 20 ngl Some people who drink water containing these24
PFAS in excess of the MCL may experience certain
adverse effects These could include effects on the
liver blood immune system thyroid and fetal
development These PFAS may also elevate the risk
of certain cancers
1 MCLG-Maximum Contaminant Level Goal2 MCL-Maximum Contaminant Level3 [Reserved] 4 The MCL for the monthly Turbidity average is one NTU the MCL for the two-day average is one NTU
for systems that are required to filter but have not yet installed Filtration (310 CMR 2208)5 NTU-Nephelometric turbidity unit6 Systems subject to the Surface Water Treatment Rule (both filtered and unfiltered) may not exceed one
NTU In addition in filtered systems 95 of samples each month shall not exceed 05 NTU in systemsusing conventional or Direct Filtration and shall not exceed one NTU in systems using slow sand ordiatomaceous earth filtration or other Filtration technologies approved by the Department
7 TT-Treatment Technique8 For systems subject to 310 CMR 2220D (systems serving at least 10000 people using Surface Water
or Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water) that use conventional filtration or DirectFiltration after January 1 2002 the Turbidity level of a systems combined filter effluent may not exceed03 NTU in at least 95 of monthly measurements and the Turbidity level of a systems combined filtereffluent shall not exceed one NTU at any time Systems subject to 310 CMR 2220D using technologiesother than conventional direct slow sand or diatomaceous earth filtration shall meet Turbidity limitsset by the Department For systems subject to 310 CMR 2220F (systems serving fewer than 10000people using Surface Water or Groundwater Under the Influence of Surface Water) that useconventional or Direct Filtration after January 1 2005 the Turbidity level of a systems combined filtereffluent may not exceed 03 NTU in at least 95 of monthly measurements and the Turbidity level ofa systems combined filter effluent must not exceed one NTU at any time Systems subject to 310 CMR2220F using technologies other than conventional direct slow sand or diatomaceous earth filtrationmust meet Turbidity limits set by the Department
9 The bacteria detected by heterotrophic plate count (HPC) are not necessarily harmful HPC is simplyan alternative method of determining Disinfectant residual levels The number of such bacteria is anindicator of whether there is enough Disinfectant in the distribution system
10 310 CMR 2220A 2220D and 2220F Treatment Technique violations that involve Turbidityexceedances may use the health effects language for Turbidity instead
11 These arsenic values are effective January 23 200612 Million fibers per liter
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216 continued
13 Action Level = 0015 mgL14 Action Level = 13 mgL15 Millirems per year16 The uranium MCL is effective December 8 2003 for all Community Water Systems17 Picocuries per liter18 Surface water systems and groundwater systems under the direct influence of surface water are regulated
under 310 CMR 2220A Community and non-transient non-community Surface Water Sources systems(surface water systems and groundwater systems under the direct influence of surface water) serving atleast 10000 persons shall comply with DBP MCLs and Disinfectant Maximum Residual DisinfectantLevels (MRDLs) beginning January 1 2002 All other Community and Non-transient Non-communityWater Systems shall meet the MCLs and MRDLs beginning January 1 2004 Transient non-communitySurface Water Sources systems (surface water systems and groundwater systems under the directinfluence of surface water) serving at least 10000 or more persons using chlorine dioxide as aDisinfectant or oxidant shall comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDL beginning January 1 2002Transient non-community Surface Water Sources systems (surface water systems and groundwatersystems under the direct influence of surface water) serving fewer than 10000 persons and TransientNon-community Water Systems using only groundwater not under the direct influence of surface waterand using chlorine dioxide as a Disinfectant or oxidant shall comply with the chlorine dioxide MRDLbeginning January 1 2004
19 Community and Non-transient Non-community Water Systems must comply with TTHM and HAA5MCLs listed in 310 CMR 2207F of 0080 mgL and 0060 mgL respectively (with compliancecalculated as a Locational Running Annual Average) on the schedule in 310 CMR 2207F(7)
20 The MCL for Total Trihalomethanes is the sum of the concentrations of the individual Trihalomethanes21 The MCL for haloacetic acids is the sum of the concentrations of the individual haloacetic acids22 MRDLG-Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal23 MRDL-Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level24 Nanograms per liter
(12) Special Notice for Repeated Failure to Conduct Monitoring of the Source Water forCryptosporidium and for Failure to Determine Bin Classification or Mean CryptosporidiumLevel
(a) The owner or operator of a Community or Non-community Water System that isrequired to monitor source water under 310 CMR 2220G(2) must notify Persons served bythe water system that monitoring has not been completed as specified no later than 30 daysafter the system has failed to collect any three months of monitoring as specified in 310 CMR2220G(2)(c) The notice must be repeated as specified in 310 CMR 2216(3)(b)(b) The owner or operator of a Community or Non-community Water System that isrequired to determine a bin classification under 310 CMR 2220G(11) or to determine meanCryptosporidium level under 310 CMR 2220G(13) must notify Persons served by the watersystem that the determination has not been made as required no later than 30 days after thesystem has failed report the determination as specified in 310 CMR 2220G(11)(e) or310 CMR 2220G(13)(a) The notice must be repeated as specified in 310 CMR 2216(3)(b)The notice is not required if the system is complying with a Department-approved scheduleto address the violation(c) The form and manner of the public notice must follow the requirements for a Tier 2Public Notice prescribed in 310 CMR 2216(3)(c) The public notice must be presented asrequired in 310 CMR 2216(5)(c)(d) The notice must contain the following language including the language necessary to fillin the blanks
1 The special notice for repeated failure to conduct monitoring must contain thefollowing language
We are required to monitor the source of your drinking water forCryptosporidium Results of the monitoring are to be used to determinewhether water treatment at the (treatment plant name) is sufficient toadequately remove Cryptosporidium from your drinking water We arerequired to complete this monitoring and make this determination by(required bin determination date) We did not monitor or test or did notcomplete all monitoring or testing on schedule and therefore we may notbe able to determine by the required date what treatment modifications ifany must be made to ensure adequate Cryptosporidium removal Missingthis deadline may in turn jeopardize our ability to have the required
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216 continued
treatment modifications if any completed by the deadline required (date)For more information please call (name of water system contact) of (nameof water system) at (phone number)
2 The special notice for failure to determine bin classification or meanCryptosporidium level must contain the following language
We are required to monitor the source of your drinking water forCryptosporidium in order to determine by (date) whether water treatment atthe (treatment plant name) is sufficient to adequately removeCryptosporidium from your drinking water We have not made thisdetermination by the required date Our failure to do this may jeopardize ourability to have the required treatment modifications if any completed by therequired deadline of (date) For more information please call (name of watersystem contact) of (name of water system) at (phone number)
3 Each special notice must also include a description of what the system is doing tocorrect the violation and when the system expects to return to compliance or resolve thesituation
(13) Special Notice to the Public of Significant Deficiencies or Source Water FecalContamination
(a) In addition to the applicable public notification requirements of 310 CMR 2216 acommunity groundwater system that receives notice from the Department of a SignificantDeficiency or notification of a fecal indicator positive groundwater source sample that is notinvalidated by the Department under 310 CMR 2226(3)(d) must inform the public servedby the water system under 310 CMR 2216A(8)(g) of the fecal indicator positive sourcesample or of any Significant Deficiency that has not been corrected The system mustcontinue to inform the public annually until the Significant Deficiency is corrected or thefecal contamination in the groundwater source is determined by the Department to becorrected under 310 CMR 2226(4)(a)5(b) In addition to the applicable public notification requirements of 310 CMR 2216 a non-community groundwater system that receives notice from the Department of a SignificantDeficiency must inform the public served by the water system in a manner approved by theDepartment unless otherwise provided for the system by the Department pursuant to310 CMR 2216A of any Significant Deficiency that has not been corrected within 12months of being notified by the Department or earlier if directed by the Department Thesystem must continue to inform the public annually until the Significant Deficiency iscorrected The information must include
1 The nature of the Significant Deficiency and the date the Significant Deficiency wasidentified by the Department2 The Department approved plan and schedule for correction of the SignificantDeficiency including interim measures progress to date and any interim measurescompleted and3 For systems with a large proportion of non English speaking consumers asdetermined by the Department information in the appropriate language(s) regarding theimportance of the notice or a telephone number or address where consumers may contactthe system to obtain a translated copy of the notice or assistance in the appropriatelanguage
(c) If directed by the Department a Non-community Water System with significantdeficiencies that have been corrected must inform its customers of the significantdeficiencies how the deficiencies were corrected and the dates of correction under 310 CMR2226(4)(a)7b
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A Consumer Confidence Reporting Requirements
(1) Each Community Water System in existence as of September 18 1998 must deliver its firstconsumer confidence report to its customers by October 19 1999 its second report byJuly 1 2000 and subsequent reports by July 1 annually thereafter The first report must containst
data collected during or prior to calendar year 1998 as provided in 310 CMR 2216A(4)(h)Each report thereafter must contain data collected prior to or during the previous calendar yearas specified at 310 CMR 2216A(4)(h)
(2) Each Community Water System established after January 1 1999 must deliver its firstconsumer confidence report to its customers by July 1 of the year after its first full calendar yearst
in operation and annually thereafter
(3) A Public Water System that sells or provides water to another Community Water Systemshall deliver the applicable information required at 310 CMR 2216A(4) to the buyer orreceiving system
(a) no later than April 19 1999 by April 1 2000 and by April 1 annually thereafter orst
(b) on a date mutually agreed upon by the seller and the purchaser and specifically includedin a written contract between the parties
(4) Content of the Reports Each Community Water System must provide to its customers anannual report that contains the information specified in 310 CMR 2216A(4)
(a) Each report must identify the source(s) of the water delivered by the Community WaterSystem by providing information on
1 The type of the water eg Surface Water Groundwater and2 The commonly used name and the Departments source water identification number(if any) and location of the body (or bodies) of water
(b) If a source water assessment has been completed the report must notify consumers ofthe availability of this information and the means to obtain it In addition the Public WaterSystems are encouraged to highlight in the report significant sources of contamination in thesource water area if they have readily available information Where a system has receiveda source water assessment from the Department the report shall include a brief summary ofthe Public Water Systems susceptibility to potential sources of contamination usinglanguage provided by the Department(c) Each report must include the following definitions for the purpose of 310 CMR 2216A
1 Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or MCLG The level of a contaminant indrinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health MCLGs allowfor a margin of safety2 Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL The highest level of a contaminant that isallowed in drinking water MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using thebest available treatment technology
(d) A report for a Community Water System operating under a variance or an exemptionissued by the Department must include the following definition Variances and ExemptionsThe Department or EPA permission not to meet an MCL or a Treatment Technique undercertain conditions(e) A report that contains data on a contaminant for which the Department or EPA regulatesusing any of the following terms must include the applicable definitions for the purpose of310 CMR 2216A
1 Treatment Technique A required process intended to reduce the level of acontaminant in drinking water2 Action Level The concentration of a contaminant which if exceeded triggerstreatment or other requirements which a water system must follow3 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Levels Goal or MRDLG The level of a drinkingwater disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health MRDLGsdo not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants4 Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level or MRDL The highest level of a disinfectantallowed in drinking water There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectantis necessary for control of microbial contaminants
(f) Information on Detected Contaminants 310 CMR 2216A(4) specifies the requirementsfor information to be included in each report for contaminants subject to mandatorymonitoring (except Cryptosporidium) It applies to
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
1 Contaminants subject to an MCL Action Level Maximum Residual DisinfectantLevel or Treatment Technique (regulated contaminants)2 Contaminants for which monitoring is required by 310 CMR 2207C (unregulatedcontaminants) and3 Disinfection by-products or microbial contaminants for which monitoring is requiredby 40 CFR 141142 and 141143 except as provided at 310 CMR 2216A(5)(a) andwhich are detected in the finished water
(g) The data relating to these contaminants must be displayed in one table or in severaladjacent tables Any additional monitoring results which a Community Water Systemchooses to include in its report must be displayed separately(h) The data must be derived from data collected to comply with EPA and Departmentmonitoring and analytical requirements during calendar year 1998 for the first report andsubsequent calendar years thereafter except that
1 Where a system is allowed to monitor for regulated contaminants less often than oncea year the table(s) must include the date and results of the most recent sampling and thereport must include a brief statement indicating that the data presented in the report arefrom the most recent testing done in accordance with the regulations No data older thanfive years need be included2 Results of monitoring in compliance with 40 CFR 141142 and 141143 need onlybe included for five years from the date of last sample or until any of the detectedcontaminants becomes regulated and subject to routine monitoring requirementswhichever comes first
(i) For detected regulated contaminants listed in 310 CMR 2200 including withoutlimitation in 310 CMR 2216A(27) the table(s) shall contain
1 The MCL for that contaminant expressed as a number equal to or greater than 10as provided in 310 CMR 2216A(27)2 The MCLG for that contaminant expressed in the same units as the MCL3 If there is no MCL for a detected contaminant the table must indicate that there is aTreatment Technique Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level or specify the ActionLevel applicable to that contaminant and the report must include the definitions forTreatment Technique Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level andor Action Level asappropriate specified at 310 CMR 2216A(4)(e)4 For contaminants subject to an MCL except Turbidity and E coli the highestcontaminant level used to determine compliance with 310 CMR 2200 and the range ofdetected levels as follows
a When compliance with the MCL is based on a single sample or the average of aninitial and a confirmation sample the highest detected level or average at anySampling Point and the range of detected levels of all Sampling Points expressed inthe same units as the MCLb When compliance with the MCL is determined annually or less frequently thehighest detected level at any Sampling Point and the range of detected levelsexpressed in the same units as the MCLc When compliance with the MCL is determined by calculating a Running AnnualAverage of all samples taken at a monitoring location the highest average of any ofthe monitoring locations and the range of all Sampling Points expressed in the sameunits as the MCL For the MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 in 310 CMR 2207E(1)(c)Suppliers of Water shall include the highest Locational Running Annual Average forTTHM and HAA5 and the range of individual sample results for all monitoringlocations expressed in the same units as the MCL If more than one location exceedsthe TTHM or HAA5 MCL the Supplier of Water shall include the LocationalRunning Annual Averages for all locations that exceed the MCLd When compliance with the MCL is determined on a system-wide basis bycalculating a Running Annual Average of all samples at all monitoring locations theaverage and range of detection expressed in the same units as the MCL The Supplierof Water shall include individual sample results for the IDSE conducted under310 CMR 2207F when determining the range of TTHM and HAA5 results to bereported in the annual consumer confidence report for the calendar year that the IDSEsamples were taken
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
e When rounding of results to determine compliance with the MCL is allowed by310 CMR 2200 rounding shall be done prior to multiplying the results by the factorlisted in 310 CMR 2216A(27)
5 For Turbiditya When it is reported pursuant to 310 CMR 2208 the highest average monthlyvalueb When it is reported pursuant to the requirements of 310 CMR 2220A(2) thehighest monthly value The report shall include an explanation of the reasons formeasuring Turbidityc When it is reported pursuant to 310 CMR 2220A(4) 2220D or 2220F thehighest single measurement and the lowest monthly percentage of samples meetingthe Turbidity limits specified in 310 CMR 2220A(4) 2220D or 2220F for theFiltration technology being used The report shall include an explanation of thereasons for measuring Turbidity
6 For Lead and Copper For each contaminant the 90 percentile value of the mostth
recent round of sampling and the number of sampling sites exceeding the Action Level7 For Total Coliform analytical results until March 31 2016
a The highest monthly number of total coliform-positive samples for Public WaterSystems collecting fewer than 40 samples per month orb The highest monthly percentage of positive samples for Public Water Systemscollecting at least 40 samples per month
8 For E coli the total number of E coli-positive samples and9 The likely source(s) of detected contaminants to the best of the Supplier of Watersknowledge Specific information regarding contaminants may be available in SanitarySurveys and source water assessments and should be used when available to the Supplierof Water If the Supplier of Water lacks specific information on the likely source thereport shall include one or more of the typical sources for that contaminant listed in310 CMR 2216A(27) that is most applicable to the system
(j) If a Community Water System distributes water to its customers from multiplehydraulically independent Distribution Systems that are fed by different Raw Water sourcesthe table should contain a separate column for each service area and the report shouldidentify each separate Distribution System Alternatively systems could produce separatereports tailored to include data for each service area(k) The table(s) must clearly identify any data indicating violations of MCLs MRDLs orTreatment Techniques and the report must contain a clear and readily understandableexplanation of the violation including the length of the violation the potential adversehealth effects and actions taken by the system to address the violation To describe thepotential health effects the system must use the relevant language in 310 CMR 2216A(27)(l) For detected unregulated contaminants for which monitoring is required (exceptCryptosporidium) the table(s) must contain the average and range at which the contaminantwas detected The report may include a brief explanation of the reasons for monitoring forunregulated contaminants The report may also include health risk information which maybe obtained from the Drinking Water Programs Consumer Confidence Report guidanceavailable on the MassDEP website or by contacting the Drinking Water Program DrinkingWater Contaminant Human Health Effects Information is also available on USEPAswebsite
(5) Information on Cryptosporidium Radon and other Contaminants(a) If the system performed any monitoring for Cryptosporidium including monitoringperformed to satisfy the requirements of 40 CFR 141143 which indicates thatCryptosporidium may be present in the source water or the finished water the report mustinclude
1 A summary of the results of the monitoring and2 An explanation of the significance of the results
(b) If the system performed any monitoring for radon which indicates that radon may bepresent in the finished water the report must include
1 The results of the monitoring and2 An explanation of the significance of the results
(c) If the system performed additional monitoring which indicates the presence of othercontaminants in the finished water the Public Water System is strongly encouraged to reportany results which may indicate a health concern The Department considers detects abovea proposed MCL or health advisory level to indicate possible health concerns For suchcontaminants the Department recommends that the report include
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
1 The results of the monitoring and2 An explanation of the significance of the results noting the existence of a healthadvisory or a proposed regulation
(6) In addition to the requirements of 310 CMR 2216A(4)(k) the report must note anyviolation that occurred during the year covered by the report of a requirement listed in 310 CMR2216A(6)(a) through (g) and include a clear and readily understandable explanation of theviolation any potential adverse health effects and the steps the system has taken to correct theviolation
(a) Monitoring and reporting of compliance data(b) Filtration and Disinfection For systems which have failed to install adequate Filtrationor Disinfection equipment or processes or have had a failure of such equipment or processeswhich constitutes a violation the report must include the following language as part of theexplanation of potential adverse health effects Inadequately treated water may containdisease-causing organisms These organisms include bacteria Viruses and parasites whichcan cause symptoms such as nausea cramps diarrhea and associated headaches(c) Lead and Copper Control For systems which fail to take one or more actions prescribedby 310 CMR 2206B(1)(d)(1) (3) (4) or (5) the report must include the applicable languageof 310 CMR 2216A(27) for lead copper or both(d) Treatment Techniques for Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin For systems which violatethe requirements of 310 CMR 2204(10) the report must include the relevant language from310 CMR 2216A(27)(e) Recordkeeping of compliance data(f) Special monitoring requirements prescribed by 310 CMR 2207C and 2206A and(g) Violation of the terms of a Variance an Exemption or an administrative or judicialorder
(7) Variances and Exemptions If a system is operating under the terms of a Variance or anExemption issued under 310 CMR 2213 2213A or 2214 the report must contain
(a) An explanation of the reasons for the Variance or Exemption(b) The date on which the Variance or Exemption was issued(c) A brief status report on the steps the system is taking to install treatment find alternativesources of water or otherwise comply with the terms and schedules of the Variance orExemption and(d) A notice of any opportunity for public input in the review or renewal of the Varianceor Exemption
(8) Additional Information(a) The report must contain a brief explanation regarding contaminants which mayreasonably be expected to be found in drinking water including bottled water Thisexplanation may include the language in 310 CMR 2216A(8)(a)1 through 3 or systemsmay use their own comparable language with Department approval The report also mustinclude the language of paragraph 310 CMR 2216A(8)(a)4
1 Sources of drinking water (both tap water and bottled water) include rivers lakesstreams ponds reservoirs springs and wells As water travels over the surface of theland or through the ground it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and in some casesradioactive material and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animalsor from human activity2 Contaminants that may be present in source water include
a Microbial contaminants such as Viruses and bacteria which may come fromsewage treatment plants septic systems agricultural livestock operations andwildlifeb Inorganic contaminants such as salts and metals which can be naturallyoccurring or result from urban stormwater runoff industrial or domestic wastewaterdischarges oil and gas production mining or farmingc Pesticides and herbicides which may come from a variety of sources such asagriculture urban stormwater runoff and residential usesd Organic chemical contaminants including synthetic and volatile organicchemicals which are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum productionand can also come from gas stations urban stormwater runoff and septic systems
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
e Radioactive contaminants which can be naturally-occurring or be the result of oiland gas production and mining activities
3 In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink the Department and EPA prescriberegulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by publicwater systems FDA and 105 CMR 570000 The Manufacture Collection and Bottlingof Water and Carbonated Nonalcoholic Beverages establish limits for contaminants inbottled water which must provide the same protection for public health4 Drinking water including bottled water may reasonably be expected to contain atleast small amounts of some contaminants The presence of contaminants does notnecessarily indicate that water poses a health risk More information about contaminantsand potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental ProtectionAgencys Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) or your local water supplier
(b) The report must include the PWSID address telephone number of the owner operatoror designee of the Community Water System as a source of additional informationconcerning the report(c) In communities with 10 or greater or greater than 1000 people (whichever is lesser)of non-English speaking residents the report must contain information in the appropriatelanguage(s) regarding the importance of the report In communities serving 25 or greaterof non-English speaking residents the report must contain a statement in the appropriatelanguage(s) which includes a telephone number or address where such residents may contactthe system to obtain a translated copy of the report or assistance in the appropriate language(d) The report must include information (eg time and place of regularly scheduled boardmeetings) about opportunities for public participation in decisions that may affect the qualityof the water(e) The systems may include such additional information as they deem necessary for publiceducation consistent with and not detracting from the purpose of the report(f) The Public Water System shall include any additional language as specified by theDepartment(g) Systems Required to Comply with 310 CMR 2226
1 Any groundwater system that receives notice from the Department of a SignificantDeficiency or notice from a laboratory of a fecal indicator-positive groundwater sourcesample that is not invalidated by the Department under 310 CMR 2226(3)(d) mustinform its customers of any Significant Deficiency that is uncorrected at the time of thenext report or of any fecal indicator-positive groundwater source sample in the nextreport The system must continue to inform the public annually until the Departmentdetermines that particular Significant Deficiency is corrected or the fecal contaminationin the groundwater source is addressed under 310 CMR 2226(4)(a) Each report mustinclude the following elements
a The nature of the particular Significant Deficiency or the source of the fecalcontamination (if the source is known) and the date the Significant Deficiency wasidentified by the Department or the dates of the fecal indicator-positive groundwatersource samplesb If the fecal contamination in the groundwater source has been addressed under310 CMR 2226(4)(a) and the date of such actionc For each Significant Deficiency or fecal contamination in the groundwater sourcethat has not been addressed under 310 CMR 2226(4)(a) the Department-approvedplan and schedule for correction including interim measures progress to date andany interim measures completed andd If the system receives notice of a fecal indicator-positive groundwater sourcesample that is not invalidated by the Department under 310 CMR 2226(3)(d) thepotential health effects using the health effects language of 310 CMR 2216A(27)
2 If directed by the Department a system with significant deficiencies that have beencorrected before the next report is issued must inform its customers of the SignificantDeficiency how the deficiency was corrected and the date of correction under 310 CMR2216A(8)(g)1
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
(h) Systems Required to Comply with the Revised Total Coliform Rule (310 CMR 2205)1 Any Supplier of Water required to perform a Level 1 Assessment or a Level 2Assessment that is not due to an E coli MCL violation shall include in the report thelanguage provided in 310 CMR 2216A(8)(h)1a and as appropriate 310 CMR2216A(8)(h)1b and c inserting the appropriate information where indicated and thelanguage provided in 310 CMR 2216A(8)(h)1di and ii if appropriate
a Coliforms are bacteria that are naturally present in the environment and are usedas an indicator that other potentially harmful waterborne pathogens may be presentor that a potential pathway exists through which contamination may enter thedrinking water distribution system We found coliforms indicating the need to lookfor potential problems in water treatment or distribution When this occurs we arerequired to conduct assessment(s) to identify problems and to correct any problemsthat were found during these assessmentsb During the past year we were required to conduct [INSERT NUMBER OFLEVEL 1 ASSESSMENTS] Level 1 assessment(s) [INSERT NUMBER OFLEVEL 1 ASSESSMENTS] Level 1 assessment(s) were completed In addition wewere required to take [INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] correctiveactions and we completed [INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] ofthese actionsc During the past year [INSERT NUMBER OF LEVEL 2 ASSESSMENTS]Level 2 assessments were required to be completed for our water system [INSERTNUMBER OF LEVEL 2 ASSESSMENTS] Level 2 assessments were completedIn addition we were required to take [INSERT NUMBER OF CORRECTIVEACTIONS] corrective actions and we completed [INSERT NUMBER OFCORRECTIVE ACTIONS] of these actionsd Any Supplier of Water that has failed to complete all the required assessments orcorrect all identified Sanitary Defects is in violation of the Treatment Techniquerequirement and must also include one or both of the following statements asappropriate
i During the past year we failed to conduct all of the required assessment(s)ii During the past year we failed to correct all identified defects that were foundduring the assessment
2 Any Supplier of Water required to perform a Level 2 Assessment due to an E coliMCL violation shall include in the report the language provided in 310 CMR2216A(8)(h)2a and b inserting the appropriate information where indicated and thelanguage provided in 310 CMR 2216A(8)(h)2ci and ii if appropriate
a E coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminatedwith human or animal wastes Human pathogens in these wastes can causeshort-term effects such as diarrhea cramps nausea headaches or other symptomsThey may pose a greater health risk for infants young children the elderly andpeople with severely compromised immune systems We found E coli bacteriaindicating the need to look for potential problems in water treatment or distributionWhen this occurs we are required to conduct assessment(s) to identify problems andto correct any problems that were found during these assessmentsb We were required to complete a Level 2 assessment because we found E coli inour water system In addition we were required to take [INSERT NUMBER OFCORRECTIVE ACTIONS] corrective actions and we completed [INSERTNUMBER OF CORRECTIVE ACTIONS] of these actionsc Any Supplier of Water that has failed to complete the required assessment orcorrect all identified Sanitary Defects is in violation of the Treatment Techniquerequirement and shall also include one or both of the following statements asappropriate
i We failed to conduct the required assessmentii We failed to correct all sanitary defects that were identified during theassessment that we conducted
3 If a Supplier of Water detects E coli and has violated the E coli MCL then inaddition to completing the table as required in 310 CMR 2216A(4)(i)4 the Supplier ofWater shall also include one or more of the following statements to describe anynoncompliance as applicable
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
a We had an E coli-positive repeat sample following a total coliform- positiveroutine sampleb We had a total coliform-positive repeat sample following an E coli-positiveroutine samplec We failed to take all required repeat samples following an E coli-positive routinesampled We failed to test for E coli when any repeat sample tests positive for totalcoliform
4 If a Supplier of Water detects E coli and has not violated the E coli MCL inaddition to completing the table as required in 310 CMR 2216A(4)(i)4 the Supplier ofWater may include a statement that explains that although they have detected E coli theyare not in violation of the E coli MCL
(9) Required Additional Health Information All reports must prominently display thefollowing language
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the generalpopulation Immuno-compromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoingchemotherapy persons who have undergone organ transplants people with HIVAIDSor other immune system disorders some elderly and infants can be particularly at riskfrom infections These people should seek advice about drinking water from their healthcare providers EPACDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infectionby Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the SafeDrinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791)
(10) Beginning in the report due by July 1 2002 a Community Water System which detectsarsenic at levels above 0005 mgL and up to and including 0010 mgL
(a) Shall include in its report a short informational statement about arsenic using languagesuch as While your drinking water meets EPAs standard for arsenic it does contain lowlevels of arsenic EPAs standard balances the current understanding of arsenics possiblehealth effects against the costs of removing arsenic from drinking water EPA continues toresearch the health effects of arsenic which is a mineral known to cause cancer in humansat high concentrations and is linked to other health effects such as skin damage andcirculatory problems(b) May write its own educational statement but only in consultation with and approval ofthe Department(c) Beginning in the report due by July 1 2002 and ending January 22 2006 a communitywater system that detects arsenic above 0010 mgL and up to and including 005 mgL shallinclude the arsenic health effects language prescribed by 310 CMR 2216A(27)
(11) A Community Water System which detects nitrate at levels above 5 mgl but below theMCL
(a) Must include a short informational statement about the impacts of nitrate on childrenusing language such as Nitrate in drinking water at levels above 10 ppm is a health risk forinfants of younger than six months old High nitrate levels in drinking water can cause bluebaby syndrome Nitrate levels may rise quickly for short periods of time because of rainfallor agricultural activity If you are caring for an infant you should ask advice from your healthcare provider(b) May write its own educational statement but only in consultation with and approval ofthe Department
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
(12) Every report must include the following lead-specific information(a) A short informational statement about lead in drinking water and its effects on childrenThe statement must include the following information If present elevated levels of lead cancause serious health problems especially for pregnant women and young children Lead indrinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines andhome plumbing [NAME OF UTILITY] is responsible for providing high quality drinkingwater but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components When yourwater has been sitting for several hours you can minimize the potential for lead exposure byflushing your tap for 30 seconds to two minutes before using water for drinking or cookingIf you are concerned about lead in your water you may wish to have your water testedInformation on lead in drinking water testing methods and steps you can take to minimizeexposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline 800-426-4791 or athttpwaterepagovdrinkinfoleadindexcfm(b) A system may write its own educational statement but only in consultation with andwith written approval of the Department
(13) Community Water Systems that detect TTHM above 0080 mgl but below the MCL listedin 310 CMR 2207 as an annual average monitored and calculated under the provisions of310 CMR 2207 must include health effects language prescribed in 310 CMR 2216A(27)
(14) Report Delivery and Recordkeeping Except as provided in 310 CMR 2216A(20) eachCommunity Water System must mail or otherwise directly deliver one copy of the ConsumerConfidence Report to each customer
(15) The Community Water System must make a good faith effort to reach consumers who donot get water bills and are required to take a minimum of three of the following actions
(a) Post report in the lobby of apartment complexes(b) Place an ad in a local newspaper stating where copies are available(c) Announce availability of the consumer confidence report on local radio stations(d) Post consumer confidence report in Town Hall(e) Place copies of the consumer confidence report in the local public library(f) Post a notice (in main lobby of apartment complexes) stating that the consumerconfidence report is posted on a website and give the website address(g) Publish the report in local newspaper(s)(h) Deliver the report to community organizations
(16) No later than the date the Community Water System is required to distribute the report toits customers the system shall submit
(a) two copies of the consumer confidence report and the related attachments to theDepartment one of which will be submitted to the applicable Department regional office andone will be submitted to the Boston office and(b) a certification using the Departments form that the report has been distributed tocustomers and that the information is correct and consistent with the compliance monitoringdata previously submitted to the Department
(17) No later than the date the system is required to distribute the report to its customers eachCommunity Water System must deliver the report to its local Board of Health or any otheragency identified by the Department
(18) Each Community Water System must make its reports available to the public upon request
(19) Each Community Water System serving 100000 or more persons must post its most recentreport to a publicly-accessible site on the Internet
(20) A Community Water System serving fewer than 10000 persons has the option of mailingor directly delivering copies of the consumer confidence report to each customer as providedin 310 CMR 2216A(14) or alternatively such system must comply with the following noticerequirements
(a) Publish the report in one or more local newspapers serving the area in which the systemis located
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
(b) Inform the customers that the reports will not be mailed Notification shall be either inthe newspapers in which the reports are published or by a statement in a bill or newsletterand(c) Make the reports available to the public upon request
(21) A Community Water System serving 500 or fewer persons may forego the requirementsof 310 CMR 2216A(20)(a) and (b) if the system provides a notice at least once per year to itscustomers by mail door-to-door delivery or by posting in an appropriate location that the reportshall be available upon request
(22) Any system subject to 310 CMR 2216A must retain copies of its Consumer ConfidenceReport for no less than three years
(23) A Non-community Water System shall comply with the following(a) Post a Consumer Confidence Report within 30 days of notification from the Departmentthat the report is available Posting must be in a conspicuous location(s) for the public toread The report shall remain posted until a new report is made available (b) The Non-community Water System must retain copies of its Consumer ConfidenceReport for no less than three years and make it available to the public upon request
(24) Consumer Confidence Reporting Requirements (Reserved)
(25) Consumer Confidence Report by the Department for Any Public Water System Subjectto 310 CMR 2216A The Department may prepare and issue to the public a report as requiredby 310 CMR 2216A on behalf of the Public Water System The Public Water System remainslegally responsible for ensuring that the requirements of 310 CMR 2216A are met TheDepartment reserves the right to issue on behalf of the Public Water System the report to thepublic when not required by 310 CMR 2216A in the event of a significant health problem ThePublic Water System shall be responsible for all fees incurred by the Department as a result ofissuing such report
(26) A Public Water System receiving water from a source approved by the Department underan Emergency agreement shall comply with 310 CMR 2216A(4) for the Emergency Sourceunless otherwise approved in writing by the Department
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
(27) Charts for Regulated Contaminants Unregulated Contaminants and SecondaryContaminants
(a) Table 1 Regulated Contaminants ChartKey
AL=Action Level
CCR=Consumer Confidence Report
MCL=Maximum Contaminant Level
MCLG=Maximum Contaminant Level
Goal
MFL=Million Fibers per Liter
MRDL=Maximum Residual
Disinfectant Level
MRDLG=Maximum Residual
Disinfectant Level Goal
mremyear=millirems per year (a
measure of radiation absorbed by the
body)
NTU=Nephelometric Turbidity Units
pCiL=picocuries per liter (a measure
of radioactivity)
ppm=parts per million or milligrams
per liter (mgL)
ppb=parts per billion or micrograms
per liter (ugL)
ppt=parts per trillion or nanograms
per liter
ppq=parts per quadrillion or
picograms per liter
TT=Treatment Technique
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
Microbiological Contaminants
1 Cryptosporidium TT - TT 0 Discharged especially
where water is
contaminated with
sewage or animal
wastes
Some people who drink
water containing
Cryptosporidium could
experience severe
gastrointestinal effects
2 Giardia lamblia TT - TT 0 Discharged especially
where water is
contaminated with
sewage or animal
wastes
Some people who drink
water containing Giardia
lamblia could experience
severe gastrointestinal
effects
3 Heterotrophic plate
count
TT - TT NA Heterotrophic plate
count is an indicator
method that measures
a range of naturally-
occurring bacteria in
the environment
Heterotrophic plate count is
not associated with health
effects but is a method that
measures the bacterial
quality of the water as an
indicator of the adequacy
of water treatment
4 Legionella TT - TT 0 Natural sources
multiplies in heating
and air-conditioning
systems
Some people who use
drinking water containing
Legionella could
experience Legionnaires
Disease a type of
pneumonia
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
5 Total Coliform
Bacteria
TT - TT NA Naturally present in
the environment
Coliforms are bacteria that
are naturally present in the
environment and are used
as an indicator that other
potentially harmful
waterborne pathogens may
be present or that a
potential pathway exists
through which
contamination may enter
the drinking water
distribution system We
found coliforms indicating
the need to look for
potential problems in water
treatment or distribution
When this occurs we are
required to conduct
assessment(s) to identify
problems and to correct
any problems that were
found during these
assessments
6 E coli Routine and repeat samples are total
coliform-positive and either is E
coli-positive or Supplier of Water fails
to take repeat samples following E
coli-positive routine sample or Supplier
of Water fails to analyze total
coliform-positive repeat sample for E
coli
0 Human and animal
fecal waste
E coli are bacteria whose
presence indicates that the
water may be contaminated
with human or animal
wastes Human pathogens
in these wastes can cause
short-term effects such as
diarrhea cramps nausea
headaches or other
symptoms They may pose
a greater health risk for
infants young children the
elderly and people with
severely compromised
immune systems
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
7 Fecal Indicators
a (E coli enterococci
or coliphage)
Groundwater Rule
TT - TT NA Human and animal
fecal waste
Fecal indicators are
microbes whose presence
indicates that the water may
be contaminated with
human or animal wastes
Microbes in these wastes
can cause short-term health
effects such as diarrhea
cramps nausea headaches
or other symptoms They
may pose a special health
risk for infants young
children some of the
elderly and people with
severely compromised
immune systems
8 Total organic
carbon
TT - TT NA Naturally present in
the environment
Total organic carbon
(TOC) has no health
effects However total
organic carbon provides a
medium for the formation
of disinfection by products
These byproducts include
Trihalomethanes (THMs)
and haloacetic acids
(HAAs) Drinking water
containing these
byproducts in excess of the
MCL may lead to adverse
health effects liver or
kidney problems or
nervous system effects and
may lead to an increase risk
of getting cancer
9 Turbidity TT - TT NA Soil runoff Turbidity has no health
effects However turbidity
can interfere with
disinfection and provide a
medium for microbial
growth Turbidity may
indicate the presence of
disease-causing organisms
These organisms include
bacteria Viruses and
parasites that can cause
symptoms such as nausea
cramps diarrhea and
associated headaches
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
10 Viruses (enteric) TT - TT 0 Discharged especially
where water is
contaminated with
sewage or animal
wastes
Some people who drink
water containing Viruses
could experience severe
gastrointestinal effects
Radioactive Contaminants
11 Betaphoton
emitters
4 mremyr - 4
mremyr
0 Decay of natural and
man-made deposits
Certain minerals are
radioactive and may emit
forms of radiation known
as photons and beta
radiation Some people
who drink water containing
beta and photon emitters in
excess of the MCL over
many years may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
p p12 Alpha emitters 15 Cil - 15 Cil 0 Erosion of natural
deposits
Certain minerals are
radioactive and may emit a
form of radiation known as
alpha radiation Some
people who drink water
containing alpha emitters in
excess of the MCL over
many years may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
p p13 Combined radium 5 Cil - 5 Cil 0 Erosion of natural
deposits
Some people who drink
water containing radium
226 or 228 in excess of the
MCL over many years may
have an increased risk of
getting cancer
14 Uranium 0030 mgl 1000 30 ppb 0 Erosion of natural1
deposits
Some people who drink
water containing uranium
in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer and kidney toxicity
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
Inorganic Contaminants
15 Antimony 0006 mgl 1000 6 ppb 6 ppb Fire retardants
ceramics electronics
solder
Some people who drink
water containing antimony
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience increases in
blood cholesterol and
decreases in blood sugar
16 Arsenic 001 mgl 1000 10 ppb NA Erosion of natural
deposits runoff from
orchards runoff from
glass and electronics
production wastes
Some people who drink
water containing arsenic in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience skin damage or
problems with their
circulatory system and
may have an increased risk
of getting cancer
17 Asbestos 7 MFL - 7 MFL 7 MFL Decay of asbestos
cement water mains
erosion of natural
deposits
Some people who drink
water containing asbestos
in excess of the MCL over
many years may have an
increased risk of
developing benign
intestinal polyps
18 Barium 2 mgl - 2 ppm 2 ppm Discharge of drilling
wastes discharge from
metal refineries
erosion of natural
deposits
Some people who drink
water containing barium in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience an increase in
their blood pressure
19 Beryllium 0004 mgl 1000 4 ppb 4 ppb Discharge from
electrical aerospace
and defense industries
erosion of natural
deposits
Some people who drink
water containing beryllium
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
develop intestinal lesions
20 Bromate 0010 mgl 1000 10 ppb 0 By-product of drinking
water Disinfection
Some people who drink
water containing bromate
in excess of the MCL over
many years have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
21 Cadmium 0005 mgl 1000 5 ppb 5 ppb Corrosion of
galvanized pipes
erosion of natural
deposits discharge
from metal refineries
runoff from waste
batteries and paints
Some people who drink
water containing cadmium
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience kidney damage
22 Chloramines MRDL= 4
mgl
- MRDL=
4 ppm
MRDLG=
4 ppm
Water additive used to
control microbes
Some people who use
water containing
chloramines well in excess
of the MRDL could
experience irritating effects
to their eyes and nose
Some people who drink
water containing
chloramines well in excess
of the MRDL could
experience stomach
discomfort or anemia
23 Chlorine MRDL= 4
mgl
- MRDL=
4 ppm
MRDLG=
4 ppm
Water additive used to
control microbes
Some people who use
water containing chlorine
well in excess of the
MRDL could experience
irritating effects to their
eyes and nose Some
people who drink water
containing chlorine well in
excess of the MRDL could
experience stomach
discomfort
24 Chlorine dioxide MRDL=
0 8 mgl
1000 800 ppb MRDLG=
800 ppb
Water additive used to
control microbes
Some infants and young
children who drink water
containing chlorine dioxide
in excess of the MRDL
could experience nervous
system effects Similar
effects may occur in fetuses
of pregnant women who
drink water containing
chlorine dioxide in excess
of the MRDL Some people
may experience anemia
25 Chlorite 1 mgl - 1 ppm 08 ppm By-product of drinking
water Disinfection
Some infants and young
children who drink water
containing chlorite in
excess of the MCL could
experience nervous system
effects Similar effects may
occur in fetuses of pregnant
women who drink water
containing chlorite in
excess of the MCL Some
people may experience
anemia
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
26 Chromium 01 mgl 1000 100 ppb 100 ppb Discharge from steel
and pulp mills erosion
of natural deposits
Some people who use
water containing chromium
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience allergic
dermatitis
27 Copper AL=13
mgl
- AL=13
ppm
13 ppm Corrosion of
household plumbing
systems erosion of
natural deposits
leaching from wood
preservatives
Copper is an essential
nutrient but some people
who drink water containing
copper in excess of the
action level over a
relatively short amount of
time could experience
gastrointestinal distress
Some people who drink
water containing copper in
excess of the action level
over many years could
suffer liver or kidney
damage People with
Wilsons Disease should
consult their personal
doctor
28 Cyanide 02 mgl 1000 200 ppb 200 ppb Discharge from metal
factories discharge
from plastic and
fertilizer factories
Some people who drink
water containing cyanide
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience nerve damage
or problems with their
thyroid
29 Fluoride 4 mgl - 4 ppm 4 ppm Erosion of natural3
deposits water
additive which
promotes strong teeth
discharge from
fertilizer and
aluminum factories
Some people who drink
water containing fluoride in
excess of the MCL over
many years could get bone
disease including pain and
tenderness of the bones
Children may get mottled
teeth
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
30 Lead AL= 0015
mgl
1000 AL=15
ppb
0 Corrosion of
household plumbing
systems erosion of
natural deposits
Infants and children who
drink water containing lead
in excess of the action level
could experience delays in
their physical or mental
development Children
could show slight deficits
in attention span and
learning abilities Adults
who drink this water over
many years could develop
kidney problems or high
blood pressure
31 Mercury
[inorganic]
0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb 2 ppb Erosion of natural
deposits discharge
from refineries and
factories runoff from
landfills runoff from
cropland
Some people who drink
water containing inorganic
mercury well in excess of
the MCL over many years
could experience kidney
damage
32 Nitrate 10 mgl - 10 ppm 10 ppm Runoff from fertilizer
use leaching from
septic tanks sewage
erosion of natural
deposits
Infants younger than six
months old who drink
water containing nitrate in
excess of the MCL could
become seriously ill and if
untreated may die
Symptoms include
shortness of breath and
blue baby syndrome
33 Nitrite 1 mgl - 1 ppm 1 ppm Runoff from fertilizer
use leaching from
septic tanks sewage
erosion of natural
deposits
Infants younger than six
months old who drink
water containing nitrite in
excess of the MCL could
become seriously ill and if
untreated may die
Symptoms include
shortness of breath and
blue baby syndrome
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
34 Perchlorate 0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb NA Rocket propellants
fireworks munitions
flares blasting agents
Perchlorate interferes with
the normal function of the
thyroid gland and thus has
the potential to affect
growth and development
causing brain damage and
other adverse effects
particularly in fetuses and
infants Pregnant women
the fetus infants children
younger than 12 years old
and people with a
hypothyroid condition are
particularly susceptible to
perchlorate toxicity
35 Selenium 005 mgl 1000 50 ppb 50 ppb Discharge from metal
refineries erosion of
natural deposits
discharge from mines
Selenium is an essential
nutrient However some
people who drink water
containing selenium in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience hair or
fingernail losses numbness
in fingers or toes or
problems with their
circulation
36 Thallium 0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb 05 ppb Leaching from
ore-processing sites
discharge from
electronics glass and
drug factories
Some people who drink
water containing thallium
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience hair loss
changes in their blood or
problems with their
kidneys intestines or liver
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
Synthetic Organic Contaminants Including Pesticides and Herbicides
37 24-D (ppb) 007 mgl 1000 70 ppb 70 ppb Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Some people who drink
water containing the weed
killer 24-D well in excess
of the MCL over many
years could experience
problems with their
kidneys liver or adrenal
glands
38 245-TP
[Silvex]
005 mgl 1000 50 ppb 50 ppb Residue of banned
herbicide
Some people who drink
water containing silvex in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience liver problems
39 Acrylamide TT - TT 0 Added to water during
sewage wastewater
treatment
Some people who drink
water containing high
levels of acrylamide over a
long period of time could
have problems with their
nervous system or blood
and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer
40 Alachlor 0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb 0 Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Some people who drink
water containing alachlor in
excess of the MCL over
many years could have
problems with their eyes
liver kidneys or spleen or
experience anemia and
may have an increased risk
of getting cancer
41 Atrazine 0003 mgl 1000 3 ppb 3 ppb Runoff from herbicide
used on row crops
Some people who drink
water containing atrazine
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience problems with
their cardiovascular system
or reproductive difficulties
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
42 Benzo(a)pyrene
[PAH]
00002 mgl 1000000 200 ppt 0 Leaching from linings
of water storage tanks
and distribution lines
Some people who drink
water containing
benzo(a)pyrene in excess
of the MCL over many
years may experience
reproductive difficulties
and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer
43 Carbofuran
(ppb)
004 mgl 1000 40 ppb 40 ppb Leaching of soil
fumigant used on rice
and alfalfa
Some people who drink
water containing
carbofuran in excess of the
MCL over many years
could experience problems
with their blood or nervous
or reproductive systems
44 Chlordane 0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb 0 Residue of banned
termiticide
Some people who drink
water containing chlordane
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their liver or nervous
system and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
45 Dalapon 02 mgl 1000 200 ppb 200 ppb Runoff from herbicide
used on rights of way
Some people who drink
water containing dalapon
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience minor kidney
changes
46 Di(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
04 mgl 1000 400 ppb 400 ppb Discharge from
chemical factories
Some people who drink
water containing
di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience toxic effects
such as weight loss liver
enlargement or possible
reproductive difficulties
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
47 Di(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
0006 mgl 1000 6 ppb 0 Discharge from rubber
and chemical factories
Some people who drink
water containing
di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
well in excess of the MCL
over many years may have
prob-lems with their liver
or experience reproductive
difficulties and may have
an increased risk of getting
cancer
48 Dibromochloro-
propane (DBCP)
00002 mgl 1000000 200 ppt 0 Runoffleaching from
soil fumigant used on
soybeans cotton and
orchards
Some people who drink
water containing DBCP in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience reproductive
problems and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
49 Dinoseb 0007 mgl 1000 7 ppb 7 ppb Runoff from herbicide
used on soybeans and
vegetables
Some people who drink
water containing dinoseb
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience reproductive
difficulties
50 Diquat 002 mgl 1000 20 ppb 20 ppb Runoff from herbicide
use
Some people who drink
water containing diquat in
excess of the MCL over
many years could get
cataracts
51 Dioxin [2 3 7
8-TCDD] (ppq)
000000003
mgl
1000000000 30 ppq 0 Emissions from waste
incineration and other
combustion discharge
from chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing dioxin in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience reproductive
difficulties and may have
an increased risk of getting
cancer
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
52 Endothall 01 mgl 1000 100 ppb 100 ppb Runoff from herbicide
use
Some people who drink
water containing endothall
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their stomach or intestines
53 Endrin 0002 mgl 1000 2 ppb 2 ppb Residue of banned
insecticide
Some people who drink
water containing endrin in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience liver problems
54 Epichlorohydrin TT - TT 0 Discharge from
industrial chemical
factories an impurity
of some water
treatment chemicals
Some people who drink
water containing high
levels of epichlorohydrin
over a long period of time
could experience stomach
problems and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
55 Ethylene
dibromide
000002
mgl
1000000 20 ppt 0 Discharge from
petroleum refineries
Some people who drink
water containing ethylene
dibromide in excess of the
MCL over many years
could experience problems
with their liver stomach
reproductive system or
kidneys and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
56 Glyphosate 07 mgl 1000 700 ppb 700 ppb Runoff from herbicide
use
Some people who drink
water containing
glyphosate in excess of the
MCL over many years
could experience problems
with their kidneys or
reproductive difficulties
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
57 Heptachlor 00004 mgl 1000000 400 ppt 0 Residue of banned
pesticide
Some people who drink
water containing heptachlor
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience liver damage
and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer
58 Heptachlor
epoxide
00002 mgl 1000000 200 ppt 0 Breakdown of
heptachlor
Some people who drink
water containing heptachlor
epoxide in excess of the
MCL over many years
could experience liver
damage and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
59 Hexachloro-
benzene
0001 mgl 1000 1 ppb 0 Discharge from metal
refineries and
agricultural chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing
hexachlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their liver or kidneys or
adverse reproductive
effects and may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer
60 Hexachlorocy-
clopenta-diene
005 mgl 1000 50 ppb 50 ppb Discharge from
chemical factories
Some people who drink
water containing
hexachlorocyclopentadiene
well in excess of the MCL
over many years could
experience problems with
their kidneys or stomach
61 Lindane 00002 mgl 1000000 200 ppt 200 ppt Runoffleaching from
insecticide used on
cattle lumber gardens
Some people who drink
water containing lindane in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their kidneys or liver
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
62 Methoxychlor 004 mgl 1000 40 ppb 40 ppb Runoffleaching from
insecticide used on
fruits vegetables
alfalfa livestock
Some people who drink
water containing
methoxychlor in excess of
the MCL over many years
could experience
reproductive difficulties
63 Oxamyl
[Vydate]
02 mgl 1000 200 ppb 200 ppb Runoffleaching from
insecticide used on
apples potatoes and
tomatoes
Some people who drink
water containing oxamyl in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience slight nervous
system effects
64 PCBs
[Polychlorinated
biphenyls]
00005 mgl 1000000 500 ppt 0 Runoff from landfills
discharge of waste
chemicals
Some people who drink
water containing PCBs in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience changes in their
skin problems with their
thymus gland immune
deficiencies or
reproductive or nervous
system difficulties and
may have an increased risk
of getting cancer
65 Pentachloro-
phenol
0001 mgl 1000 1 ppb 0 Discharge from wood
preserving factories
Some people who drink
water containing
pentachlorophenol in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their liver or kidneys and
may have an increased risk
of getting cancer
66 Picloram 05 mgl 1000 500 ppb 500 ppb Herbicide runoff Some people who drink
water containing picloram
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their liver
67 Simazine 0004 mgl 1000 4 ppb 4 ppb Herbicide runoff Some people who drink
water containing simazine
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their blood
68 Toxaphene 0003 mgl 1000 3 ppb 0 Runoffleaching from
insecticide used on
cotton and cattle
Some people who drink
water containing toxaphene
in excess of the MCL over
many years could have
problems with their
kidneys liver or thyroid
and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer
310 CMR DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
2216A continued
Contaminant Traditional
MCL
To convert for
CCR multiply
by
MCL in
CCR
units
MCLG in
CCR units
Major Sources
in Drinking
Water
Health Effects
Language
Volatile Organic Contaminants
69 Benzene 0005 mgl 1000 5 ppb 0 Discharge from
factories leaching
from gas storage tanks
and landfills
Some people who drink
water containing benzene
in excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience anemia or a
decrease in blood platelets
and may have an increased
risk of getting cancer
70 Carbon
tetrachloride
0005 mgl 1000 5 ppb 0 Discharge from
chemical plants and
other industrial
activities
Some people who drink
water containing carbon
tetrachloride in excess of
the MCL over many years
could experience problems
with their liver and may
have an increased risk of
getting cancer
71 Chlorobenzene 01 mgl 1000 100 ppb 100 ppb Discharge from
chemical and
agricultural chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing
chlorobenzene in excess of
the MCL over many years
could experience problems
with their liver or kidneys
72 o-Dichlorobenzene 06 mgl 1000 600 ppb 600 ppb Discharge from
industrial chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing
o-dichlorobenzene well in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience problems with
their liver kidneys or
circulatory systems
73 p-Dichlorobenzene 0005 mgl 1000 5 ppb 5 ppb Discharge from
industrial chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing
p-dichlorobenzene in
excess of the MCL over
many years could
experience anemia damage
to their liver kidneys or
spleen or changes in their
blood
74 12-Dichloroethane 0005 mgl 1000 5 ppb 0 Discharge from
industrial chemical
factories
Some people who drink
water containing
12-dichloroethane in
excess of the MCL over
many years may have an
increased risk of getting
cancer