3 sport and the physical activity in the 21 st century

E N J O Y W A T C H I N G S P O R T A N D J U S T D O P H Y S I C A L A C T I V I T Y A L I F E S T Y L E

SPORT AND THE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE

21ST CENTURY

INTRODUCTION

• Sport is one of the most

important phenomena

happened in the last 100 years.

It’s an activity with plenty of

advantages: physical, mental,

educative and social.

• But, on the other hand, a misuse

of sport can cause problems,

interests and conflicts.

WE MUST CREATE A CRITICAL OPINION

• How is sport nowadays?

• Which are its characteristics?

• Which are the most important

expressions?

• Which are its values?

CONCEPT OF SPORT

• Driving situation, there are mates and opponents that try tocooperate or make more difficult my actions.

• Game, free participation to have fun.

• Competition, a desire for self-improvement.

• Rules, they must exist to define the characteristics of the activity.

• Institutionalization, an institution must state the development andthe regulations of the game.

Any kind of physical activity that by means of an organized participation or not, has as an aim the expression or improvement of the mental or physical condition, the development of the social

relationships or the obtaining of scores in every competition.

THE DIFFERENT WAYS OF UNDERSTANDING SPORT IN OUR SOCIETY

• We can say that sport is a socialphenomenon, everybody plays sport, it’sfashionable, and we can see it on the media, onadvertisement…

• On the one hand, we consider sport as a massspectacle where great amounts of money aremoved.

• On the other hand, another social reality isdeveloped and this is also sport, a big percentageof the world population practices it in ananonymous way, people who work in a club or for asport association, millions of students who play atschool, the disabled or the old age people…

HOWEVER, WE ASK OURSELVES SOME QUESTIONS…

SOCIETY SPORT

• The competitive aspect became the main aspect

for those who practice as sport and for those who

watch it. Therefore, competitivity will be one of the

characteristics of the 21st society.

• That competitivity is a dominant value in our

contemporary society as well as the performance

and the result.

‘The sports behaviours are due to cultural

phenomena and to customs of the community they

belong to’

For a long time, in Spain there were a greater number of spectators watching a sport than the number of people who practiced it.

This tendency has changed in the last decades. Great clubs have seen how the number of spectators has been reduced. That’s the reason why they have resorted to advertising, television and sports marketing.

On the contrary, our towns and cities filled with a greater number of people who do sport. The sports facilities have increased dramatically, also the number of professionals devoted to training and the sports teaching

SPORTS PRACTICE IN SPAIN AT A GENERAL LEVEL

Nearly 16 million of people over 14 do sport in Spain.

EVOLUTION OF THE SPORTS PRACTICE IN THE LAST 30 YEARS (1980-2010)

Population between 15 and 65, the practice has increased in these years, it has gone from 25% to 45% nowadays.

SPORTS PRACTICE DEPENDING ON GENDER

There is a 31% of women that do sport and the percentage of men is 49%.

REASONS TO PLAY SPORT

Nowadays the reasons have changed; we have the desire of adventure, the need of having fun, the physical appearance or the human interaction.

THE PRESENCE OF SPORT IN

SHOOLS After many years, Physical Education

appears as a subject in schools in alllevels: more qualified teachers, morefacilities and materials.

Students are constantly in contactwith the physical education.

Moreover, sport out of schools hasbeen fostered but we must go ongrowing to get a society with habits ofphysical education to preventcardiovascular illnesses, to improveour mind and to make us feel asmember of a group thanks to thesport practice.

In this way, we will consider theimportance of our BODY in MOTION.

For a long time the tracksuit and

doing sport have been associated

with children and young people

with higher social classes or a high

cultural level with the male sex…

Nowadays sport is within

everybody's reach: children,

older….., women. The economic

or cultural level is not a problem to

carry out physical activities,

everybody can do sport and

everywhere can be practiced.

.

Governments have created institutions that make theorganization of this phenomenon easier. Besides, greateradministrative, economic and political resources go toimprove its management.

INSTITUTIONALIZATION AND APPEARING OF NEW WAYS OF ORGANIZATION

IOC (International Olympic Committee)INTERNATIONAL FEDERATIONSASSOCIATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL SPORTSMEN

They are the institutions that regulate the greatest competitions in our society such as the Olympic Games, the World Cups of every sport and the competitions of Clubs. It would be the professional sport devoted to earn millions of euros.

All the international federations of the Olympic Games are included in the International Committee.

In the mass sports there are ASSOCIATIONS OF PROFESSIONAL SPORTSMEN in golf or tennis; the PGA in golf or the WTA in tennis for women.

SPORTS COUNCILNATIONAL FEDERATIONSPROFESSIONAL LEAGUES

This sport depends directly on the government of each country and its development depends on this Council which depends at the same time on the Ministry of Education and Culture.

Each NATIONAL FEDERATION regulates the competitions in every sport as well as its organization and promotion.

The sports with a higher number of licenses in Spain: FOOTBALL, BASKETBALL, HUNTING, GOLF, CLIMBING, TENNIS, JUDO,

HANDBALL, ATHLETICS, FISHING, KARATE, OLYMPIC SHOOTING, CYCLING, VOLLEYBALL AND SWIMMING. There are a total of 3,520,192 licenses.

In mass sports there are PROFESSIONAL LEAGUES where clubs gather to organize their own competitions, in Spain, the Professional League of Football, the most important competition of clubs in our country.

In other sports, these competitions depend directly on the national Federations: FEB (Spanish Federation of Basketball) or the RFEA (the Spanish Federation of Athletics) or the RFTET (the Spanish Federation of Tennis)

THE REGIONAL EDUCATION MINISTRYTERRITORIAL FEDERATIONSThe different autonomous regions have authority in the promotion of sport and physical activity.

AT A PROVINCIAL LEVEL

COUNCILS (SPORTS SECTIONS)TERRITORIAL OFFICES

AT A LOCAL LEVEL

SPORTS BOARDSSPORTS CLUBSPOPULAR SPORTAnd finally, the town halls promote the popular sport as a means of favoring health of citizens.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE AFFILLIATED AND THE POPULAR SPORT

Each person chooses depending on his own necessities, motivations and interests.

Summing up, to get the promotion of sport would be the main aim of our society, the respect for our body, the importance of effort and enjoy a spectacle make that sport is present in our society something difficult to understand 100 years ago.

The sooner we start to do sport, the greater the tendency to do it in an autonomous way during our life.

Therefore, practice sport, enjoy watching it and make of the physical activity your lifestyle.