3 Main Types of 1.Narrative 2.Dramatic 3.Lyric
1. Narrative poetry tells a story and has a plot,
characters, and a setting.
– It includes epics, long poems about the feats of
gods or heroes, and
– ballads, songlike poems with short stanzas and
a refrain. The speaker tells a story from a
particular point of view.
2. Dramatic poetry tells a story using a
character’s own thoughts or spoken
statements. It utilizes the techniques of
drama.
3. Lyric poetry is written in highly musical
language that expresses the thoughts,
observations, and feelings of a single
speaker.
[Lyric poetry is written in highly
musical language that expresses the
thoughts, observations, and feelings
of a single speaker. ]
A. True
B. False
[Which of the following is not a
characteristic of dramatic poetry?]
A. [poetry tells a story using a character’s own
thoughts or spoken statements.]
B. [It utilizes the techniques of drama.]
C. [It includes epics, long poems about the feats
of gods or heroes, and ballads, songlike
poems with short stanzas and a refrain ]
D. [examples include: “The Poetic Interpretation
of the Twist” and “The Empty Dance Shoes”]
[What is the main purpose of a
narrative poem?]
A. [to describe a setting]
B. [to convey character]
C. [to express feelings]
D. [to tell a story]
Sound Devices-
shhhh…..what do you hear?
– alliteration, the repetition
of the initial consonant
sounds of words;
– Slippery snakes slid
silently sideways
Sound Devices-
shhhh…..what do you hear?
– assonance, the repetition of vowel sounds in
words that are close to each other;
–grows and goes
–blows and goes
Sound Devices-
shhhh…..what do you hear?
– consonance, the repetition of consonants in
words that are close to each other and contain
different vowels.
• Glass boss (Using ss)
• Pitter-patter (Using tt and er)
• Slither slather (Using Sl, th and er)
• strong and string
•Think!
•My mind is blank!
[Which of the following is an
example of consonance?]
A. [stone holy]
B. [cute kitten cuddles]
C. [all this will still]
D. [boom!]
[“As if this kid felt the chill”
represents which of the following
sound devices?]
A. [rhyme]
B. [alliteration]
C. [consonance]
D. [assonance]
[The following is an example of
alliteration:
“Big brown eyes were buried under
bushy brows.”]
A. True
B. False
RHYME
• Rhyme- involves matching sounds of words. As melody is to music, so is RHYME to poetry. The sounds of vowels are what create most rhymes.
Roses are red,
Violets are blue,
Sugar is sweet,
And so are you.
Rhyming
words
Example: The first four lines of Byron's "She Walks in Beauty"
Which lines RYHYME?
• She walks in beauty like the night
• Of cloudless climes and starry skies
• And all that's best of dark and bright
• Meet in her aspect and her eyes.
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H…
A
B
A
B
•She walks in beauty under the moon. C
Rhyme scheme pattern: ababc
Figurative Language is used
to make comparisons
– Similes use like or as to compare unlike things;
The sun is like a yellow ball of fire in the sky
– Metaphors speak of one thing in terms of
another- Her hair was silk
– Personification gives human traits to nonhuman
things- The flowers danced in the wind.
“Dreams” by Langston Hughes adapted by Mrs. Freeman
Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die (personification) Life is a broken-winged bird (metaphor) That cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreams (repetition) For when dreams go (personification) Life is a barren field (metaphor) Frozen with snow.
Hold fast to dreams
For when dreams come true
Smiles are like water simile
Refreshing and blue.
What is the rhyme scheme pattern? Abcb abcb abcb
[Which of these lines from “The Poetic
Interpretation of the Twist” contains a
metaphor?]
A. [“Here's a guy who must understand what
the twist was all about.”]
B. [“Let's not forget the pool hall and the
barbershop.”]
C. [“I must not slight the ragweed, / The true
rose of the street.”]
D. [“My head hurts. / I am tired of
remembering.”]
[Which of these lines from “The Empty
Dance Shoes” contains a simile?]
A. [“An empty pair of dance shoes / Will sit
on the floor like a wart.”]
B. [“This is the secret of inertia: / The shoes
run on their own sense of the world.”]
C. [“They are in sympathy with the rock the
kid skips over the lake.”]
D. [“Hot music shakes the windows up and
down the block.”]
[Why is “The Bridegroom” considered
a narrative poem?]
A. [because it has a speaker]
B. [because it tells a story]
C. [because it creates a single impression]
D. [because it is so long]
[Why is “The Guitar” considered a
lyric poem?
] A. [because it has a speaker]
B. [because it tells a story]
C. [because it creates a single impression]
D. [because it is so short]
[What feeling is conveyed by the
imagery in “The Guitar”?]
A. [joy]
B. [sadness]
C. [surprise]
D. [anger]
[Which sentence summarizes the
story told in “The Fish”?]
A. [A woman catches a fish but the fish gets
away.]
B. [A woman catches a fish and takes it home
for dinner.]
C. [A woman catches a fish and then lets it
go.]
D. A woman catches a fish that grants her
three wishes.]
[The purpose of repetition
includes: emphasizing a particular
point , making a poem easier to
memorize, produce particular
effects, such as alliteration or
rhyme or rhythm.]
A. True
B. False
[Which word describes the
narrator’s overall tone in end of
“The Fish”?] A. [humorous]
B. [nostalgic]
C. [sympathetic]
D. [angry]
[ “..here and there / his brown skin hung
in strips / like ancient wallpaper, / and
its pattern of darker brown / was like
wallpaper;” is an example of what
device?] A. [metaphors]
B. [personification]
C. [imagery]
D. [simile]
[Why did Bishop, the author,
use wallpaper in the
comparison?]
A. [the color of the wallpaper was a perfect
match to the color of the fish]
B. [because the fish and the wallpaper have
so much in common]
C. [it is something the readers can relate to
their own lives]
D. [it is the same texture as the fish]
[To which of the five senses does the
following imagery from “The Fish”
appeal?
“He was speckled with barnacles,
fine rosettes of lime” [p. 293, ll. 16–17]
A. [sight]
B. [hearing]
C. [taste]
D. [touch]
[“I looked into his eyes… …I
admired his sullen face, the
mechanism of his jaw.” Through
this intense diction, what tone is
achieved? ]
A. [sympathy]
B. [respect]
C. [confusion]
D. [fear]
[These appendages hang “like
medals with their ribbons frayed
and wavering”- this simile is….] A. [creating an image of a wavering flag ]
B. [describing hooks hanging from the
mouth]
C. [is comparing the fish’s mouth to a ribbon]
D. [creating the image of a hero winning
many competitions or battles]
[Which of the following is an
example of an onomatopoeia?] A. [soft and tender]
B. [scream! Run!]
C. [ruff! Ruff! Ruff!]
D. [hot and burning]
[Which of the following is not a
graphic element?] A. [punctuation]
B. [line length]
C. [consonance]
D. [word position]
[A story in which all characters,
setting, events, and actions are
clearly symbolic is..] A. [narrative]
B. [an allusion]
C. [an allegory]
D. [irony]
Sound Devices-
shhhh…..what do you hear?
– onomatopoeia, is a word or group of words that,
when spoken aloud, imitates the sound it
produces.
• Ticktock..ticktock
• Click of a mouse
• The cow moos.
• Zip the bag.
• The bird tweets.
• The bee buzzes.
Graphic Element
…..what do you see?
Graphic Elements-
• Punctuation- marks such as commas show
the reader where to slow down or pause
• Line length- can help determine whether a
poem has a flowing sound or a short, choppy
sound
• Word position- can show relationships
between words or idea
Allegory An allegory is a story in which all characters, settings,
events, and actions are clearly symbolic.
Each character represents a common member of society. For
example: George represents the everyday person. Not
incredibly memorable. Curley represents the people who feel
'small' and need to flaunt their status or other things. He's
basically the bullies of the world. Every character in this book
reflects certain people in society.
Symbolism
• Symbols are usually person, places, objects,
or actions that represent abstract quality.
– Abstract qualities are things that you CANNOT
physically touch.
• Symbols are sometimes not objects (i.e.
seasons, colors). For instance, winter often
symbolizes closure or approaching death.
• Symbols often have more than one meaning.
A Flag symbolizes Freedom
You cannot physically touch freedom; it is
something you feel or work towards.
Imagery
• Appeals to one or more of the five senses-
sight, smell, sound, taste, touch
• mental images: a set of mental pictures
produced by the memory or imagination or
conjured up by a stimulus
Allusion • Reference to a well-known person, place,
event, or literary work- dictionary!
She was breathtakingly beautiful, but he knew that
she was forbidden fruit.
The above statement is an example of allusion to the Holy
Bible. It is something that you'll find very often. There is
direct reference to the 'forbidden fruit' that Eve could not
resist.
His wife was his Achilles' heel.
The statement given above is a mythological allusion,
as it is a clear reference to Achilles, from the Iliad by
Homer, and that his only point of weakness was in his
heel.
[Which is the best description of
the traditional form of a tanka?] A. [a three-line poem with lines of seven, five, and
seven syllables]
B. [a five-line poem with five syllables in the first and
third lines and seven in the others]
C. a poem of five to nine lines in which each line has
five syllables]
D. [a seven-line poem in which lines of five syllables
alternate with lines of seven syllables]
Villanelle- line form with a
pattern of repeated lines and a
specific rhyme scheme. Stanza 1
Stanza 2
Stanza 3
Stanza 4
Stanza 5
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METER
• The aspect of time, involving rhythm and
accents of poetry. Whereas musicians
represents time and the beat with a time
signature, readers of poetry record the beat
or poetic words by dividing them into FEET
based on the length of the syllables and
locations of the spoken accents.
• **iamb- any two syllables, usually a single
word but not always- whose accent is on the
second syllable. EXAMPLE u-pon, a-rise
[Which of the following is the
best definition of meter?] A. [an ordered pattern of rhythm]
B. [a songlike narrative with short stanzas]
C. [the repetition of vowel sounds in nearby
words]
D. [a comparison that speaks of one thing in
terms of another]
Haiku- unrhymed lines of
5-7-5, since they are such short
poems, they’re usually written
about things that are recognizable
to the reader such as animals and
seasons.