3° ICTP Workshop “The Theory and Use of Regional Climate Models” May 29 – June 9 CETEMPS, Physics Department, University of L‘Aquila http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it Marco Verdecchia CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model using different data sources 3° ICTP Workshop on “The Theory and Use of Regional Climate Models” May 29 – June 9 2006
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3° ICTP Workshop “The Theory and Use of Regional Climate Models” May 29 – June 9
3° ICTP Workshop on “The Theory and Use of Regional Climate Models” May 29 – June 9 2006. Marco Verdecchia. 3° ICTP Workshop “The Theory and Use of Regional Climate Models” May 29 – June 9. CETEMPS, Physics Department, University of L‘Aquila http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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3° I
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CETEMPS, Physics Department, University of L‘Aquila
http://cetemps.aquila.infn.it
Marco Verdecchia
CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
3° ICTP Workshop on “The Theory and Use of
Regional Climate Models”May 29 – June 9 2006
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
Developed by:
Since 2002
•It runs in any geographical domain with any resolution•It runs in any (?) unix platforms•It does not use any licensed software•Different kind of rain data are assimilated
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Two reasons for NOT using CHYM:
• NOT easy to use (CHyM is a NSE2USE Model)
• Documentation is not (yet) available
CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
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Outline• Description of the model • Algorithms Generating streamflow network Building prec. fields with diff. data• Physical processes• Applications
CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
Why to develop a new Hydrological Model?
•It has been thought for operational purposes
•It is a good “exercise”
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
Step 1: generating streamflow network from DEM
DEM matrix for the selected domain and resolution is generated
Flow direction matrix is computed
Validation
“Pits” and singularities are corrected
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DEM is available with a resolution of 300 m
For each cell the slope is computed as:
Runoff direction
Max slope
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CHyM: Drainage network test
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CHyM: Drainage network test
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A Cellular Automata definitionA Cellular Automata definition
A cellular automaton is a A cellular automaton is a discrete dynamical discrete dynamical systemsystem Space, time and states of the system are discrete Space, time and states of the system are discrete quantitiesquantities
Each point in a regular spatial lattice, called a cell, Each point in a regular spatial lattice, called a cell, can have anyone of a finite number of statescan have anyone of a finite number of states
The state of the cells in the lattice are updated The state of the cells in the lattice are updated according to a according to a local rulelocal rule
All cells on the lattice are All cells on the lattice are updated synchronouslyupdated synchronously
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A Cellular Automata A Cellular Automata applicationapplication
Life rules by Chris G. Langton
The status of each CA can be ON or OFF
If more than 3 CA in the neighborhood are ON CA became OFF
If less than 2 CA in the neighborhood are ON, CA became OFF
Otherwise CA became ON
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CA for CHyM applicationsCA for CHyM applications
CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular automataautomata
The status of a cell corresponds to the value of aThe status of a cell corresponds to the value of a
The state of the cells in the lattice is updated The state of the cells in the lattice is updated according to followingaccording to following rule rule
All cells on the lattice are updated synchronouslyAll cells on the lattice are updated synchronously
Update ends when flow scheme is OKUpdate ends when flow scheme is OK
8
)(j
ijjii hhhh
CHyM matrix (DEM)CHyM matrix (DEM)
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CHyM: Recipe for DEM pit correction
•Smooth DEM using CA rules until FD can be obtained for all the cells
•Generate streamflow network using smoothed DEM
•Use “true” DEM and modify ONLY the cells draining toward an higher cell
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CHyM: Drainage network test
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
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CHyM: DEM pit correction
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CHyM: DEM pit correction
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CHyM: DEM pit correction
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CHyM: Examples of Drainage Network Extraction
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CHyM: the Rolling Stones Algorithm (RSA)
2. Each time that the stone goes through one cell for this cell a counter is incremented by 1
1. Starting from each cell a stone rolls up to the river‘s mouth
3. If a quantity A is associated to each stone where Ais equivalent to the surface where the stone was at the beginning, for each cell it can be computed theupstream drained surface
N
iiA
1
4. If a quantity R is associated to each stone where Ris equivalent to the precipitation where the stone was at the beginning, for each cell it can be computed theupstream drained precipitation
N
iiR
1
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CHyM: the Rolling Stones Algorithm (RSA)
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MuseoArchive
MM5 analysis MM5 Forecast
Now
timeRadar Gauge data
Satellite estimations
Step 2: Building Precipitation Fields using different Data Sources
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CHyM rain data sources: Gauge measurements
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CHyM rain data sources: Radar estimates
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NERETIR
NEural RainfallEstimationfromTermalInfraRed
CHyM rain data sources: NERETIR
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MM5 Meteorological Model
CHyM rain data sources: MM5
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Step 2: Building Precipitation Fields using different Data Sources
Module 1
Module 2
Module 3
Module n
•Define subdomain•Fill cells corresponding to rain gauges•Fill subdomain matrix – Cr. Formula•Smooth subdomain matrix using CA algorithm
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CA for CHyM applicationsCA for CHyM applications
CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular CHyM grid is considered an aggregate of cellular automataautomata The status of a cell corresponds to the value of a CHyM matrix The status of a cell corresponds to the value of a CHyM matrix
The state of the cells in the lattice is updated The state of the cells in the lattice is updated according to followingaccording to following rule rule
All cells on the lattice are updated synchronouslyAll cells on the lattice are updated synchronously
Update ends when flow scheme is OKUpdate ends when flow scheme is OK
8
)(j
ijjii hhhh
But cells corresponding to rain gauges or defined in a previous Module are not updated
Update ends when a stable state is reachedUpdate ends when a stable state is reached
(RAIN)(DEM)
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Observed rain using Cressman
algorithm
+ smoothing usingCellular Automata
jj ij
iji R
ar
arR
22
22
1
1rij≤ a
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+ MUSEO module using Cressman
+ CA
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CHyM Rain field sources: an example
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
Runoff EvapotraspirationInfiltrationRainfall
For each cell the simulated processes are:
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CHyM: Infiltration
Soil moisture storage
Deep percolation
Infiltration
Interflow
Surface Runoff
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CHyM: Evapotraspiration
Thornthwaite Formula (Thornthwaite and Mather, 1995)
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Continuity equation
Momentum equation
cqx
Q
t
A
An
RSQ
3221
A= cross sectional area of the riverQ= flow rate of water dischargeqc= rain for length unit
S= slope
1/R= wetter perimeter
n= Manning‘s roughness coefficient
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AIA
R
N
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N
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1 Ri = rain
Ai = drained surface
AI= Alarm Index
CHyM: A first application
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
Soverato Floodsimulation
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
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Val Canale floodsimulation
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CHyM: simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
Flood alert mapping using MM5 and CHyM
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CHyM: simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
Flood alert mapping using MM5 and CHyM
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CHyM: simulation of Aug 22-23 2005 event
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very) Preliminary results
•Daily precipitation from 1958 to 2002
•Total drained rain in the last N days
•Landslides occur when TDR-N is greater than LT (N and LT values to optimized)
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very) Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very) Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very) Preliminary results
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Landslides prediction using CHyM. (Very) Preliminary results
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CHyM: hydrological effects due to Alpine Glaciers Melting
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CHyM: an operational distributed hydrological model
using different data sources
For further information about the model and related literature please visit the URL: