3 d printing(lesson 1)

Prepared By:-Deep R. Dave

(Lesson – 1 introduction)

3D PRINTING

It Contains………1. What Is 3D Printing?.....2. History……3. Why 3D Prints?….4. Some 3D Printers…5. Materials Used In 3D Printers….6. General Workflow……7. Introduction To tinkerCAD…….8. Extras……….

What Is 3D Printing?....• 3D printing is defined as computer controlled additive

manufacturing.

• 3D printing is a kind of additive manufacturing in which an object is created by building up successive layers of material.

• Unlike subtractive manufacturing (which covers everything from drilling to milling), 3D printing allows us to quickly and cheaply make complex objects without expensive molding and casting tools.

Continues….

• It involves the process of taking a digital 3D model, translating it to a series of horizontal slices in machine language, and building the model in three dimensions using a number of different technologies.

History……• In 1981, Hideo Kodama (Japan) invented the first Additive

Manufacturing method using photosensitive polymer exposed to masked UV light in successive layers.

• Then in 1984, Alain Le Méhauté, Olivier de Witte and Jean Claude André from the French General Electric Company patented the stereolithography process three weeks before Chuck Hull (USA) filed for his patent on the same process.

• GE abandoned the patent because they didn’t see the value in the technology, so Chuck Hull won the race by default.

History Continues…….• In the late 80’s, S. Scott Crump developed Fused Deposition Modeling

(FDM), which is basically a hot glue gun on a robotic arm that draws shapes in thin layers, one on top of the other. It was Stratasys that took it to market in 1990.

• The RepRap Project started in Britain in 2005 as a non-commercial open source research project which got a lot of makers into the technology.

• When Stratasys’ patent released in 2012, dozens of companies started popping up with their own versions of the machine for the consumer market. This is why you can now buy a high quality 3D printer for less than $1000.

Why 3D Prints?....• What makes 3D printing unique is its ability to make

complete, complex solid objects.

• Most 3D printed objects could only be produced by a master sculptor or machinist, and some 3D printed objects would be impossible to produce any other way.

• 3D printing, for most makers, is a powerful shortcut to making precise, complex objects for endless different purposes.

Some 3D Printers……1:- Dremel 3D Idea Builder..

•Build Volume:- 9” (230mm) (X) x 5.9” (150mm) (Y) x 5.5” (140mm) (Z)

•Materials:-PLA(polylactic acid)

•Pros:- Affordable, reliable, easy maintenance, quiet, customer support, internal memory, excellent machine interface.

•Cons:-Inferior support structures for substantial overhanging geometry (3rd party software can solve this problem).

•Cost :- $800 (Apprx. ₹ 49000)

Continues…..2:- Printrbot Play….

•Build Volume:-4" (100mm) (X) x 4.1" (105mm) (Y) x 5" (130mm) (Z)

•Materials:-PLA(polylactic acid)

•Pros:-Very affordable, reliable, easy maintenance, customer support, internal memory, seriously well built.

•Cons:-Small build volume.

•Cost:- $400 (Apprx. ₹25000)

Tools Used For 3D Printing…Obiviously we are using 3D printer butapart from that we will need…………..

1. 3D Printer Filament:-

• Filament is the spooled plastic material that gets extruded into a 3D object. There is a wide array of options for the material, but for this class we'll stick to 1.75mm PLA, which is the best option for the Dremel Idea Builder

Continues….2. Isopropyl

Alcohol/ Alcohol Pads:- 

• Filament has to stick to the build platform. Oil from your fingers keeps it from sticking.

• Solution: rubbing alcohol! Add cleaning a 3D printer build platform to its endless list of other uses

3. 6" Painter's Tape:-• Save your build platform, your

money, and your sanity by buying some 6" painter's tape to cover your build platform. It's a great surface for the filament to stick to and it's cheap, so you can replace it when it gets too rough.

Continues….4. Metric / Imperial Ruler:-•  This will come in handy when it's time to measure your smartphone for

the portable amplifier project.

5. Old Credit Card:-• This tool will help you spread out the tape to prevent bubbles and

wrinkles and will help you unstick clingy filament that won't come off the build platform with your fingernails.

General Workflow……• 3D printing start with idea and observation of things

around us

• The process of design may seem hard to pin down. Although the nuances of the design process can differ from designer to designer, the basic principles remain the same.

• From next slide we will learn about workflow step by step.

General Work Flow Diagram

Continues…. Observe:-

• Obviously, design must start with an idea, but how do you come up with an idea? You observe the world around you.

• Look around, take nothing for granted, and ask yourself if there's a better way to do any of the hundreds of things you do and see others do.

• It helps to focus on your own life and try to identify the things that you need and want.

Sketch & Ideate:-

• Once you've identified the problem, it's time to come up with a solution.

• Sketching is not just a way to present an idea to another person, it's an extension of your own thought process.

• As you put pen to paper, you start to notice problems and opportunities that you can't see in your own head. Sketching is fast by nature, so it's easy to quickly test ideas without committing to all the time necessary to create a 3D model. I can't stress this part enough- sketch a lot

Continues….

Layout / Repair / Prep:-

• Once the STL files are exported for printing, they must be prepared for printing. Meshes must be "airtight" meaning that their surfaces can't have any holes.

• Other geometrical errors can occur that will result in failed prints, so a second program (such as Meshmixer or Print Studio) must be used to check for and correct errors.

• In the preparation software, you can also add additional models, orient, scale, and place models for 3D printing multiple parts in one job. The preparation software may also be used to create support structures for 3D printing.

Continues….

Continues…. Slicing:-

• Once the model is laid out and ready for printing, it must be sliced for the particular 3D printer to be used.

• Some slicing software is robust enough that you can avoid the preparation software altogether.

• MakerBot's slicing software, for example, has supports that are generally superior to the ones that can be generated in Meshmixer or Print Studio. The slicing software will create a proprietary G-Code file for the 3D printer to run the job.

Continues….• 3D PRINTING:-

• With the G-Code file ready to go, it's time to run the 3D print job. This is by no means a one-step process. The machine must be prepped, the build platform must be prepped, and getting a first print going often takes multiple corrections and adjustments both to the machine and to the G-Code.

• Temperature, feed rate, and extruder speed must all be carefully calibrated to achieve the desired result. Fortunately, once the machine and settings are dialed in, each successive print becomes easier until you don't even need to think about it anymore.

Continues…. EVALUATE & ITERATE:-

• After the first successful 3D print, it's time to test it, evaluate it, and otherwise examine it.

• Does fulfill its purpose? Is it attractive? Is it practical? Is it the best possible design? No design is ever perfect with the first attempt. 

• Carefully scrutinize the design, and go back to the concept. Remember, 3D printing is about prototyping. The value of the machine is that there is almost no additional investment in generating multiple iterations of a design as opposed to the cost of creating an injection mold for each iteration.

• Exploit this benefit, and you're on your way to being a good designer.

Introduction To TinkerCAD

• tinkerCAD is online platform for making 3D printer design and slicing and G-code file.

• we'll be using TinkerCAD for all the 3D design work. It's free and browser based, so you can use it on any computer or tablet. It's an easy, fun, intuitive 3D modeling program that's great for designing objects for 3D printing.

• Before you go any further, you should sign up (for free) for a TinkerCAD account. It just takes a minute or two.

• Just Sign up and start 3D printing!!!

• Then all you have to do is enter the country you live in and your date of birth, then move on to the next page to enter an email and password or sign up automatically through Facebook, and that's it! You're ready to start designing.

Look around gallery. Watch and explore designs here.We will learn how to learn 3d design in next lesson.

Service Bureaus....• 3D printers are so costly(₹25000-₹48000)

• Most of people cant afford it. But don’t worry If you want to get 3D prints made and mailed to you, you can go with a Service Bureau.

• A Service Bureau is a 3D printing service available to consumers. They charge on a per-model basis to print 3D models you upload to their site, and offer a wide variety of materials using almost every 3D printing technology that currently exists.

• More info. about service bureau is given on next slide!

• This service connects local 3D printing services worldwide. You upload a model and local services bid on producing the model for you.

• This can result in bargain pricing, but be careful to pay attention to customer reviews.

• Sometimes entry level 3D print users offer their services and can't promise the quality that a professional operation can, albeit at a higher cost.

• This is a service bureau that offers high quality prints in dozens of materials.

• Metals, plastics, ceramics, and sandstone are among the options with this site. In my experience, they offer unparalleled quality, are very responsive, and are reasonably priced for their excellent results.

• I firmly believe the best way to learn about design for 3D printing is to have your own printer, but if owning your own 3D printer isn't in the budget right now, you can learn one-piece-at-a-time with a Service Bureau.

Lesson:-1 Ended

Thank you