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28th InternationalCosmic RayConferenceProceedings of the 28th
International Cosmic Ray Conferenceheld on July 31-August 7,
2003,at Tsukuba, Japan
Under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and
Applied Physics(IUPAP)
Contributed Papers
Volume 2
HE Sessions 1.4-1.5
FRONTIERS SCIENCE SERIES NO. 41
Edited by
T. Kajita•Institute for Cosmic Ray Research; the University of
TokyoY. AsaokaInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of
TokyoA. KawachiInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of
TokyoY. MatsubaraSolar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya
UniversityM. SasakiInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, the
University of Tokyo
Universal Academy Press, Inc.Tokyo, Japan
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Contents . . . . • •
V o l . 2 / 7 ' . . . • • ; •
Preface ' ' 'T. Kajita vii
Contents'':'•:•.'. .' .-. . . .'-.. ."... . .' . i x
HE 1.4 Theory and simulations on UHE cosmic rays
A Fast Hybrid Approach to Air Shower Simulations
andApplications
Hans-Joachim Drescher et al ..'.'. . . . . . . . . 507
One-Dimensional Hybrid Simulation of EAS Using CascadeEquations
.
Ralph Engel et al ':'. 511Systematic Uncertainties in
High-Energy Hadronic InteractionModels _, " ,.
Johannes Knapp, Serguei Ostapchenko, and M. Zha 515
Numerical Results of the Improved Differential and.
IntegralCross Sections for Bremsstrahlung and Pair Production
withthe LPM Effect - '
Nobusuke Takahashi et al . . - . . . . . . . . . ' . . i 519
LPM Showers in the Atmosphere Taking into Account theGeomagnetic
Field
Hristofor Petrov Vankov et al •.'. . . . . . . . . . . I . . . .
: . . . . . 523
Ultrahigh Energy Gamma Hay Cascading in' the GeomagneticField
and Its Development in the Atmosphere
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Time Distributions of Electromagnetic and HadronicComponents in
Giant EAS
Fabrice Cohen et al 539
A New Software Package for Computing the Time-DependentAperture
of the Auger Surface Detector
Aaron S. Chou 543
Identification of Photons in Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays:„.
Piotr Homola et al 547
Contribution of Multiple Scattering of Cherenkov Photons
toShower Optical Image
Piotr Homola et al 551
A Top-Down Technique as an Analysis Tool for AugerFluorescence
Data
Carlos Kjell Guerard, M. Bohacova, and L. Perrone 555
Analytical Time Structure of Muonic ShowersRicardo Vazquez et al
559
Auger-South Hybrid Sensitivity to Highly InclinedHadron-Induced
Air-Showers: Mass Composition at HighEnergy
Carlos Kjell Guerard et al 563
Testing the HiRes Detector Simulation Against UHECR DataAndreas
Zech for the HiRes Collaboration 567
Importance of Atmospheric Model in Shower ReconstructionBarbara
Wilczynska et al 571
Features of Inclined Air Showers Induced by EHE Gamma RaysNaoya
Inoue et al 575
The Electromagnetic Component of Inclined ShowersGonzalo
Parente, J. Alvarez-Muniz, and E. Zas 579
Monte-Carlo Simulation of Horizontal Air ShowerMing-Huey Alfred
Huang, P. Yeh, and C.C. Hsu 583
Neural Networks as a Statistic Diagnostic Tool for
MassComposition at the Highest Energies
Gustavo Medina Tanco, S.J. Sciutto, and A. Tiba 587
Detection of Upward Air Showers with the EUSO
ExperimentsYoshiyuki Takahashi for the EUSO Collaboration 591
Monte Carlo Simulation of Neutrino Induced Extended
AirShowers
Ofelia Pisanti et al 595
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• xi
A Monte Carlo to Produce Fluorescence Photons • ' . . . . .
•Henrique Melo Jorge Barbosa, Vitor de Souza, and Carola Dobrigkeit
599
Simulation Studies on Air Fluorescence and Cererikbv Lightsfrom
UHE Air Showers for EUSO Experiment ;: •:,•;,-.-";
Naoya Inoue for the EUSO Collaboration.-. . . . . . . . ' . . .•
. . . , . - . ; . .• . . . : . . .603Shower Simulation Input for
Fluorescence Yield Measurements
Markus Risse and D. Heck ..,....;. ...,.~r./..:X......::,.
607
Analyt ica l Versus M o n t e Carlo Descr ipt ion of Cherenkov
•-•*'•' '•'•Contr ibut ion in Air Showers • ' ' ! ' ' ' '
Markus Risse et al .-..;..;.../;..;... •...;.'.....-,.
.•:........:....' 611
Simulat ion of Cherenkov Contaminat ion for Cosmic-Kay - "-'
"Showers Observed w i t h t h e A u g e r ; F luorescence
Telescopes ?,;: >
L o r e n z o P e r r o n e e t a l
.'.;.•.:>.•.•:.:.•;•....-.. .•.-:;.-.;.;:.-.:.-."• .".•.
.••.-.ji-•.?•'• v o 6 1 5
On t h e Cherenkov Light C o n t r i b u t i o n ' t o t h e
Fluorescence o f : 't h e Highes t Energy Air Showers . > '* ; r
• - • :
Grzegorz J. Wieczorek et al. : . . . . . . . :•......'.'.:;.:.
> 619
Implications of the Angular Spread of Air Shower Particles
forthe Fluorescence Technique
• Jaime Alvarez-Muniz et al 623
Shower Fluorescence Light Profile Derived from CORSIKAHenryk
Wilczynski et al 627
Study of Shower Optical Image Based on Energy DepositsDerived
from CORSIKA
• jHenryk Wilczynski et al 631
Systematic Calculation of the Efficiency of the
FluorescenceDetector Using Appropriate EAS Simulations
Emmanuel Fokitis et al 635
Limitations on Space-Based Air Fluorescence DetectorApertures
Obtained from IR Cloud Measurements
John F. Krizmanic, Pierre Sokolsky, and Robert Streitmatter
639
The GZK Paradox and Estimation of Energy of the PrimaryCosmic
Rays
Leonid G. Dedenko et al , 643
Should One Really Expect a GZK Cutoff?Etienne Parizot, O.
Deligny, and A- LetessierTSelvpn . 647
Is the HiRes Energy Spectrum Really Consistent with
GZK;Cutoff?'.'.".';...
Dmitry Semikoz and M.A.Tortola 651
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xu
The GZK Feature in the Spectrum of UHECRs: What Is ItTelling
Us?
Daniel De Marco, Pasquale Blasi, and Angela V. Olinto 655
Small Scale Clustering in Isotropic Arrival Distribution
ofUltra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Hiroyuki Yoshiguchi et al 659Anisotropy of Cosmic Rays at 1018
eV from Single GalacticSources
Maria Giller, W. Bednarek, and M. Zielinska 663
Full-Sky Search for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray
AnisotropiesJohn David Swain et al 667
Correlations and Charge Composition of UHECR withoutKnowledge of
Galactic Magnetic Field
Igor I. Tkachev and P. Tinyakov 671
Mass Composition of the Primary Cosmic Rays in the EnergyRegion
1014 4- 1020 eV in Anomalous Diffusion Model
Akeo Misaki et al 675
Numerical Likelihood Analysis of Cosmic Ray AnisotropiesJohn
David Swain et al 679
Fits of the HiRes Spectrum to Astrophysical ModelsDouglas R.
Bergman et al 683
Acceleration of Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays by Shocks inActive
Galactic Nuclei
Yasuko S. Honda 687
New Hadrons as Ultra-High Energy Cosmic RaysDmitry V. Semikoz,
M. Kachelriess, and M.A. Tortola 691
Cosmic Rays from the Nucleus of M87Alina C. Donea, R.J.
Protheroe, and A. Reimer 695
A Possible Contribution of Companion Galaxies to Intra
andExtra-Cluster UHE Cosmic Rays
Catia Grimani 699
High Energy CRs from Young Neutron Star and TheirInteractions
with the Ambient Matter
Shigehiro Nagataki 703
Testing Scenarios of Lorentz Symmetry Violation Generated atthe
Planck Scale
Luis Gonzalez-Mestres 707
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• xm
Internal Structure of Ultra-High Energy Particles with
Lorentz"Symmetry Violation at the Planck Scale ' < ...>. -
."
},Luis Gonzalez-Mestres •.... '3711
Using Fractal Dimensional i ty in t h e Search for Anisotropy of
-•..'Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays
Benjamin T. Stokes for the HiRes Collaboration 715
Gamma-Ray Emission as a Tracer of UHECR SourcesPeter Tinyakov et
al. 719
Propagation of Ultra-High Energy Nucleus in the
IntergalacticPhoton Field
Tokonatsu Yamamoto et al 723
UHECR Anisotropy from Luminous Infrared Galaxies -Predictions
for the Pierre Auger Observatory
Andrzej Smialkowski, M. Giller, and W. Michalak 727
The Last Gamma Ray Burst in our Galaxy? On the ObservedCosmic
Ray Excess at 1018 eV
Gustavo A. Medina Tanco et al 731
Constrained Simulations of the Magnetic Field in the
LocalSupercluster and the Propagation of UHECR
Dario Grasso et al 735
Distortion of UHECR Spectra by Regular Magnetic FieldsTodor S.
Stanev, David Seckel, and Ralph Engel 739
Multiple UHECR Events from Galactic Hadron JetsEtienne Parizot
743
Constrains on the Galactic Magnetic Field from
theTwo-Dimensional Correlation Function of AGASA Events
Gustavo A. Medina Tanco, M. Teshima, and M. Takeda 747
HE 1.5 Instrumentation and new projects
Analysis of Emulsion Chambers in Tibet Hybrid ExperimentUsing
the Image Scanner
Makio Shibata for the Tibet ASgamma Collaboration 753
Analog Read-Out of the RPCs in the ARGO-YBJ ExperimentMichele
Iacovacci for the ARGO-YBJ Collaboration '.. 757
The Detector Control System for the ARGO-YBJ ExperimentPaolo
Camarri for the ARGO-YBJ Collaboration 761
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xiv
ARGO-YBJ Computing Model. Data Analysis andHardware/Software
Architecture of the Processing Farm
Paola Celio for the ARGO-YBJ Collaboration 765
The Trigger System of the ARGO-YBJ DetectorAntonio Surdo for the
ARGO-YBJ Collaboration 769
The Online System of the ARGO ExperimentHuihai He for the ARGO
Collaboration 773
Development of Resistive Plate Counter for the
ExtendedMini-Array Experiment at Gauhati University
Subhash Chandra Rajbongshi et al 777Shower Reconstruction
Performance of KASCADE-Grande
Gernot Maier for the KASCADE-Grande Collaboration 781
Wide Area Small Air Shower Detection System Linked
byInternet
Yoshiki Teramoto et al ; 785
Multiplicity Spectrum of NM64 Neutron Supermonitor andHadron
Energy Spectrum at Mountain Level
Alexander P. Chubenko et al 789
The Wide Range Front-End Electronics for Readout AmplitudeDate
of the Ionization Calorimeter
Turlan Khamzinovich Sadykov et al 793
Delayed Scintillator Pulses Observed with an EAS ArrayHarri K.
Arvela and A.-M. Elo 797
Depth Distribution of the Maxima of Extensive Air ShowerJames H.
Adams, Jr. for the EUSO Collaboration 801
The Surface Detector Trigger for the Auger ObservatoryZbigniew
Szadkowski for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 805
A Proposal of a Single Chip Surface Detector Trigger Based
onAltera Cyclone™ Family
Zbigniew Szadkowski 809
Calibration and Monitoring of the Pierre Auger
SurfaceDetectors
Xavier Bertou for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 813
Study of Long Term Stability of the Pierre-Auger SurfaceDetector
Using Muon Events
Tohru Ohnuki et al 817
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-xv
Product ion Test Sys tem and Results on Large P M T s for :. •
.Pierre-Auger Surface Detectors - -.i••'•
Katsushi Arisaka et al .£,..--821
The Pierre Auger Surface Detector Led Flashers and Their Use
•:for Monitoring and Calibration ; .-.\
Tiina Suomijarvi for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 825
Photon Yields from Dry Air Excited by ElectronsKeizo Kobayakawa
et al 829
Measurements of Diffuse Night Sky Background!.'. Osvaldo
Catalano et al 833AIRFLY: Air Fluorescence Induced by Electrons in
a WideEnergy Range
"Paolo Privitera et al 837
New Photon Yields Measurement in Air and Its Effect on theEnergy
Estimation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: • Naoto Sakaki et al
841
An Experiment to Measure the Air Fluorescence Yield
inElectromagnetic Showers
Petra H. Huentemeyer for the FLASH Collaboration 845
Measurements of the UV Nocturnal Atmospheric Backgroundin the
300-400 nm Wavelength Band with the Experiment BaByduring a
Transmediterranean Balloon Flight
Andrea Santangelo et al. ..- 849Study of the Fluorescence Yield
for Electrons between0.5 - 2.2. MeV
Ernesto Kemp et al .,.....':......:. 853
Study on Wavelength Shifters and Multilayer Half-Mirror
forHigh-QE PMT
: Masahiro Takeda for the EUSO Collaboration 857
"Mobile ACE" - New Approach to Reduce Systematic Errorsin the
Absolute Energy by Fluorescence Detectors
iKatsushi Arisaka 861
Checking the Pointing Accuracy of Air Fluorescence Detectorswith
Star Light
Stefan Westerhoff for the HiRes Collaboration ,865
Evaluation of Flat MicroChannel Plate Photomultipliers for Use
:in a Portable Air Fluorescence Detector
S. BenZvi and J. Martin 869
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xvi
APF Light Sources for the Auger Southern ObservatoryJohn A.J.
Matthews for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 873
Atmospheric Monitoring for the Telescope Array
ExperimentMichiyuki Chikawa et al 877
Atmospheric Effects on the Development and the
FluorescenceDetection of Extensive Air Showers
Markus Risse et al 879
The Influence of the Global Atmospheric Properties on
theDetection of UHECR by EUSO on Board of the ISS
Didier Lebrun for the EUSO Collaboration 883
Environmental Testing of the Front-End Electronics for theAuger
Observatory Surface Detector
James Dominic Chye for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 887
Statistical Calibration and Background Measurements of theAuger
Fluorescence Detector
Hartmut E.H. Gemmeke, M. Kleifges, and A. Menshikov 891
The Slow Control System of the Auger Fluorescence
DetectorsHartmut E.H. Gemmeke et al 895
A Novel Approach in Detecting the UHECR Using EASTelescopes
Notch Optical Filters Combining OptimumSensitivity for Cherenkov
and Fluorescence Contributions
Emmanuel D. Fokitis et al 899
Tracking Stars with the Fluorescence Detector of the PierreAuger
Observatory
Daniel V. Camin et al 903
Portable, Single-Mirror, Air Fluorescence DetectorRobertsen A.
Riehle et al 907
The Absolute Calibration of the HiRes DetectorsJohn N. Matthews
for the HiRes Collaboration 911
A New Technique Producing Double-Sided Spherical FresnelLens
Segments Assembled to Large Aperture Lenses
Hitoshi Ohmori for the EUSO Collaboration 915
A Ground-Based UV Light Source for the EUSO MissionJames H.
Adams, Jr 919
The Focal Surface of EUSO TelescopeHirohiko M. Shimizu for the
EUSO Collaboration. : 923
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The Light of the Night Sky in EUSO: Duty Cycle andBackground . "
, • .
Didier Lebrun et al :..........'.•. •;'.. 927
Development of Multi-Anode Photomultipliers for the EUSO :
<Focal Surface Detector
Naoto Sakaki for the EUSO Collaboration .-,.. ,931
Wide-Angle Optical Telescope for the EUSO ExperimentsLloyd W.
Hillman for the EUSO Collaboration .935
The Housing of the EUSO Photo-Detector SensorsMarco Pallavicini
for the EUSO Collaboration 939
Simulation and Data Analysis for EUSOGiacomo D'Ali Staiti for
the EUSO Collaboration 943
A PCI Based Data Acquisition System for Ground ArrayDetectors
with Wireless Synchronization through GPS
Mario Pimenta et al 947
The Euso ElectronicsMarco Pallavicini et al 951
EUSO Analog Front End ElectronicsDy-Holm Koang for the EUSO
Collaboration 955
EUSO Analog Front End Electronics and Calibrations- Dy-Holm
Koang for the EUSO Collaboration 959
ASHRA Trigger and Readout Pixel Sensors1 Makoto Sasaki et al
961
Simulation of Ice Cherenkov Detectors for IceTopTodor S. Stanev
for the IceCube Collaboration 965
LOPES — Detecting Radio Emission from Cosmic Ray AirShowers
Andreas Horneffer et al 969
Complex EAS Array for Super-High Energy Cosmic RayResearch
German V. Kulikov et al 973
Perspectives of the ATHLET Installation at the Tien ShanRauf A.
Mukhamedsh in et al. : . . . . » . ' ; . . . . ,:
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The KASCADE-Grande ExperimentAndreas Haungs for the
KASCADE-Grande Collaboration 985
KASCADE-Grande: The Grande ArrayAndrea Chiavassa for the
KASCADE-Grande Collaboration 989
A Proportional Wire Chamber Array: GRAND's StatusChristopher P.
D'Andrea et al 993
Underground Multimuon Experiment in Pyhasalmi MineTimo T.
Enqvist et al 997
SEASA: The Stockholm Educational Air Shower ArrayMark Pearce et
al 1001
The Status and Future Prospect of the LAAS ProjectIsao Yamamoto
for the.LAAS Group 1005
Prototype of a Space Fluorescence Detector at Cerro La
NegraMountain Site
Humberto A. Salazar et al 1009
Hybrid Cosmic Ray Detector at Pico de OrizabaOscar M. Martinez
et al 1013
Performance of the Extensive Air Shower Array atthe University
of Puebla
Humberto A. Salazar et al. 1017
SCROD: School Cosmic Ray Outreach DetectorJohn David Swain et al
1021
The Telescope Array Experiment: An Overview and PhysicsAims
Masaki Fukushima et al 1025
The Telescope Array Experiment: Hybrid Measurement ofUltra High
Energy Cosmic Rays in Northern Hemisphere
Fumio Kakimoto et al 1029
The Telescope Array Experiment: The Search for the Clustersin
the Northern Hemisphere Sky with a Large Scintillator Array
Saburo Kawakami et al. 1033
The Surface Detectors of the Pierre Auger ObservatoryPeter O.
Mazur for the Pierre Auger Collaboration 1037
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Simulation of Pierre Auger Surface Detector Response to;Muons ,:
I \ : ' , : • • .
K a t s u s h i A r i s a k a e t a l ......:. .'.•.',.' 1 0 4
1The Auger Observatory Roving LIDAR System,,
Michael D. Roberts, P. Sommers, and B. Fick
..-•..;.,;.:...-..-.r. •' 1045
G R a N D S c a n - A n Experiment to Study Cosmic (Ray; Flux
andAnisotropy around and below EeV • . ' ; . .-,. •
, Stefan Westerhoff et al .'•. :T. /. •.-:•:. • 1049
The ETscope Ground Array for the ULTRA Experiment ,-,- .•• '
Piero Vallania for the EUSO Collaboration . . . ; . . . . . . . . .
. . - . . • , . . 1053
CHICOS Detector Stations / " '. • Robert D. McKeown et al ; . .
, . . . . . . . . / . . . ,-.,.). ''1057
The ASHRA DetectorYoichi Asaoka et al 1061
The Washington Large Area Time Coincidence ArrayRichard Gran et
al , 1065
EUSO (the Extreme Universe Space Observatory) —
ScientificObjectives —
Masahiro Teshima for the EUSO Collaboration 1069
The Extreme Universe Space Observatory (EUSO) Mission inthe
Context of ESA
Jean Clavel et al 1073
AGASA Results and EUSOMotohiko Nagano for the EUSO Collaboration
1077
The EUSO Instrument Onboard the International Space
StationOsvaldo Catalano on behalf of the EUSO Collaboration
1081
EUSO Operations: Flight and GroundMaria Catarina Espirito Santo
for the EUSO Collaboration 1085
The EUSO Science Operations and Data CentreMaria Catarina
Espirito Santo for the EUSO Collaboration 1089
EUSO in the Context of ESA Human Spaceflight DirectorateAndrea
Santangelo et al 1093
The ULTRA Experiment: A Supporting Activity for the
EusoProject
Piero Vallania et al 1097
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The Scientific Baseline to Have an Atmosphere SoundingSystem
Coupled to the EUSO Detector' Giacomo D'Ali Staiti for the EUSO
Collaboration 1101
TUS/KLYPVE Space Telescopes - Simulation of PerformanceDmitry
Vadimovich Naumov et al 1105
Tracking Mirror for Measurement of Extreme Energy CosmicRays
from Space
H. Park, G.K. Garipov, and B.A. Krenov 1109Downward Neutrino
Induced EAS with EUSO Detector
Sergio Bottai for the EUSO Collaboration 1113
IceTop: The Surface Component of IceCubeThomas K. Gaisser for
the IceCube Collaboration 1117
"Contents" and "Presenter Index" have been editedaccording to
the information which authors them-selves have written as the paper
submittal informa-tion.