28 states by avinash kumar thakur

TERRORISM/NAXALISM, THEIR IMPACT AND

SOLUTION

Prepared by:

Avinash Kumar Thakur

TECH56458

What is terrorism??? A common definition of terrorism is the systematic use or threatened use

of violence to intimidate a population or government and thereby effect political, religious, or ideological change.

Terrorism in India are basically of two types external and internal, external terrorism emerge from neighboring countries and internal terrorism emulates from religious or communal violence and Naxalite-Maoist insurgency. Terror activities involve either Indian or foreign citizens.

The regions with long term terrorist activities today are Jammu and Kashmir, Mumbai, Central India(Naxalism) and the Seven sister states(independence and autonomy movements).

Terrorism in India has often been alleged to be sponsored by Pakistan. At least 232 of the country’s 608 districts were afflicted, at differing

intensities, by terrorism. Over a period of time terrorism has severely affected Indian economy. 

A look at the very elementary picture of terrorism reveals certain things:

1. A handful of immensely wealthy, influential and powerful people provide the leadership. In many instances they lead a justifiable movement. In an equal number of instances they have a personal axe to grind in the garb of mass movement. Some of them are prepared to come out and discuss their grievances. Others prefer to remain away from the public eye.

2. The foot soldiers are almost invariably youth of impressionable minds. It is also commonly seen that they come from ordinary or poor families.

Favourable conditions for rise of terrorism:

Lack of Education for moral/social values Poverty and Unemployment Religious fanaticism propagated for political gains. A feeling among a certain class of people, resulted due to constant political alienation, that they are not a part of the main stream.

NAXALISM The Naxalites has been identified as the biggest internal security threat to India by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh. The terms Naxalites or Maoists are used to refer to militant far-left radical Communist groups operating in India. The movement started in West Bengal in the early seventies but has since spread to the rural areas in central and eastern India.

Main causes• Social inequality - Caste, creed, tribe, sub-region, etc.• Economic instability, inequality  and • Unemployment.• Forceful land acquisition, and eviction of tribal population from their

ancestral lands. • Lack of education• Lack of basic amenities.• Inequality in Justice - There are so many Jassica Lal - Manu Sharma

cases which we don't even know about. Their family, friends are easily attracted to naxalism for instant justice.

Effects Terrorist attacks has left its footprints especially on three industries-

tourism, hospitality and medical. It has also increased the cost of security especially on land and sea

borders. Big and reputed Companies of India has also demanded for "Z" security.

There is a Direct Human and Military loss. People are losing faith in the system and the government, which

may escalate into a fertile ground for civil war. Share Markets and GDP gradually are going the way down The social effects are to leave people poor, starving, homeless,

without family members and often without jobs. Foreign direct investment in India has been considerably affected. Attack on foreigners has created an image of an insecure country,

full of violence, about India. Attack on religious places and attacks in name of ethnic races,

break our social fabric and create a divide among the citizens. Even the aviation industry has suffered, due to low tourism mobility.

Solution to terrorism

Military strategy Modern, counter terrorism equipment and technology should be provided

to our security personals. Modernise state Police and Para Military Forces in training and ethos. Modernise and enlarge intelligence networks Arrested culprits should be immediately brought to justice through

special courts and investigation agency. 

Political will to fight Bring in very strict anti terror laws. Anti terror cases should be dealt with efficiency and utmost

urgency. Hate speeches should be banned. Any sort of Politics over terrorism should be banned and

adequate legislation should be brought in for it. Should do away with any sort of political appeasement. Adopt proactive policies to confront the terrorists militarily, and

at the roots of terrorist ideology – fundamentalists, social evils and sources of terrorism e.g. narcotics / drug trade.

Economic strategy Freeze accounts of all groups and organization which support

terrorism directly or by indirect involvement to choke them out of finances.

Look out for strategies which involves overall development of the country and special emphasis should be given to backward regions.

Locate some of the Public Sector Units in the remote areas even if they are non-profit making.

Reduce Poverty & Unemployment.

Diplomatic Strategy International terrorism cannot effectively be fought alone, as has been

our experience so far Should make treaties with other countries for information exchange

regarding terrorism. Pakistan sponsored ‘proxy’ war must be exposed and international

pressure applied. We must highlight more aggressively, the justness of our cause and the support to terrorism by Pakistan, both through state and non-state players, as well as strive to isolate Pakistan in the international community. 

Social Environment Promote moderate and secular polity by media, intelligentsia and

religious institutions. We should thrive for all round integrated development. Reduce demographic displacement resulting in social / ethnic tension

such as in Assam and Tripura, through the joint development of sensitive border belts along Nepal, Bangladesh and Myanmar.

Policies which aim to increase national integration and bringing in of the marginalized sections into the main stream should be undertaken with greater efficiency.

There should be realistic psychological and information warfare so that the will of the anti-national elements is suffocated and the hearts of the populace are won.

Improve Education on moral/social values.

We have to keep in mind, that until we cure the reason behind the fever, which is just a symptom, the condition might only be controlled for a short while and it might escalate again. A long-term strategy is required to counter terrorism. We have to understand the reasons behind the terrorism, and cure it from its roots. Because terrorism cannot be generally won over by violence, and if it is done there will be unprecedented bloodshed. We will never want that to happen, because after all, most of the terrorists in India are our own citizens who have taken arms because of brain washing and fanatic propagandas.

Ultimately, the roots of terrorism have to be removed through good governance. Political corruption and lack of good governance is a basic contributor to frustration setting in into a society, which is then exploited by unfriendly nations. Needless to say, this has to be addressed immediately by striving to achieve economic well-being, social justice and political aspirations of the populace.

The government has proposed a three-pronged strategy to combat Naxalism:• Gain confidence of local people by taking up more welfare related activities.• Build up infrastructure in naxal-affected areas and generate employment.• Launch joint security operations with neighboring states to eliminate left

wing extremists.

Solution to naxalism

Development Government must treat this problem as National Problem.

Planning and monitoring should be made at central level but implementation should be made at state level. Of course, in some cases, it should be handed over to Border Road Organisation and other paramilitary forces.

Provide good health facilities for the tribal living in these area.

Improve education facility for children belonging to the naxal affected areas.

Improve land reforms in these areas. Government should give more financial support to these

areas.

Political willFirst of all we should have the political will to eradicate it from its roots.One obvious but less discussed reason for ever increasing impact of naxals, is that the people sitting in power lack political will to act against them for their opportunist political gains.Political dialogue should be initiated with the naxals.

Law and order

Ensure the safety of the civilians by stopping campaigns like the Salwa Judum campaign and ensuring that no counter insurgency measures are taken by risking the lives of the civilians.

Checking instances of human rights violation by the security forces and the Salwa Judum.

Registering the crimes perpetrated by the security forces, Salwa Judum and the Maoists and bringing them to justice.

Banning of Bal Mandal (The child division of Naxalites) with immediate effect.

Ensuring safety of those who surrendered and those who lived in camps or were related with Salwa Judum activities

Employment and Self-employment : Keeping in mind the local tradition and culture, small scale industries should be developed. Active naxalite leaders may be encouraged to start industries.

Huge gap between the rich and the poor should be dealt with in an efficient manner.  This is a strong subject they use in their training to compare the lives of the rich and the poor.

Responsible Media: Media can play big role in creating awareness regarding schemes and good work done by local public and honest officials

Using force against the tribal to deter them from joining the Naxals has and will backfire against the government. The government should ensure peace in these areas so that these people don't suffer more than they already have and this can be done only if the government takes proactive measures so as to ensure social justice and inclusive growth for the benefit of the marginalized sections.

Conclusion

War against terrorism cannot be won by armed resistance only. We have to understand it’s root cause and try to solve the problems. Dialogues should be initiated and correct political approach is must. However, whatever comes our way, we should never undermine and

compromise our national pride, integrity and territory.

JAI HIND