28 June 1919 Germany signed up to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles formally ending WWI. How do you think the artist of this cartoon viewed the outcome.

28 June 1919 Germany signed up to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles formally ending WWI. How do you think the artist of this cartoon viewed the outcome of the Treaty for Germany? Who do you think the people are in this picture?

Starter

‘Big Three’, Lloyd-George, Clemenceau & Roosevelt

Lloyd-George Clemenceau Wilson

Finally, Germany had no choice, but to Finally, Germany had no choice, but to accept. On 28 June 1919 German accept. On 28 June 1919 German representatives reluctantly signed the representatives reluctantly signed the

Treaty. But they called it ‘Treaty. But they called it ‘the the shameful shameful diktatdiktat of Versailles of Versailles’.’.

SHPSHP, p.16, p.16

Why did the Why did the Germans hate the Germans hate the

Treaty of Treaty of Versailles?Versailles?

To identify the key terms of To identify the key terms of the Treaty of Versailles and the Treaty of Versailles and understand how Germans understand how Germans

reacted to themreacted to them

Aims

Your taskYour task

Read p.16 and note down the Read p.16 and note down the reasons why Germany initially felt reasons why Germany initially felt optimistic about the Paris Peace optimistic about the Paris Peace Conference (1919).Conference (1919).

Delegates outside the Palace of Versailles

Reasons for optimismReasons for optimism

Abdication of KaiserAbdication of Kaiser New democratic govtNew democratic govt Expectations the Expectations the

Allies would help the Allies would help the new Weimar Govtnew Weimar Govt

President Wilson’s President Wilson’s desire for fairness – desire for fairness – 14 Points14 Points

Other countries were Other countries were not blamelessnot blameless

?

What do you think Chancellor Ebert was thinking on the eve

of the Paris Peace Conference?

Your taskYour task

War Guilt Reparations

Germany’s colonies Territorial losses

Why did Germans hate the Treaty of

Versailles?

Military restrictions

War guiltWar guilt

Article 231 of the Treaty stated that Article 231 of the Treaty stated that Germany was to blame for causing the Germany was to blame for causing the war.war.

Why did many Germans resent this clause?Why did many Germans resent this clause?

ReparationsReparations

As Germany was held responsible for the war, the As Germany was held responsible for the war, the allies could claim allies could claim reparationsreparations for the damage for the damage causedcaused

In 1921 a special commission fixed a sum of In 1921 a special commission fixed a sum of £6,600 m. to be paid in annual instalments£6,600 m. to be paid in annual instalments

The Treaty also took away 10% of Germany’s The Treaty also took away 10% of Germany’s industry and 15% of its agricultural landindustry and 15% of its agricultural land

Why did Why did many many Germans Germans complain complain about about reparatioreparations?ns?

Germany’s coloniesGermany’s colonies

Germany’s colonies were handed over to Germany’s colonies were handed over to the the League of NationsLeague of Nations, who gave them , who gave them to Britain and France to runto Britain and France to run

Why did many Germans resent the League of Nations running their Why did many Germans resent the League of Nations running their colonies?colonies?

Military restrictionsMilitary restrictions

Air force was Air force was disbandeddisbanded

Army limited to Army limited to 100,000 soldiers100,000 soldiers

Navy limited to Navy limited to 15,000 sailors, six 15,000 sailors, six battleships and no battleships and no submarinessubmarines

Which country was keen to restrict Germany’s navy? Why?

Military restrictionsMilitary restrictions

Rhineland Rhineland occupied by the occupied by the Allies for 15 yearsAllies for 15 years

No German troops No German troops allowed in this allowed in this areaarea

Why were the Germans Why were the Germans especially unhappy about these especially unhappy about these

terms?terms?

Territorial lossesTerritorial losses

Alsace-Lorraine Alsace-Lorraine returned to Francereturned to France

West Prussia and West Prussia and Posen (Polish Posen (Polish Corridor) lost to Corridor) lost to PolandPoland

Saarland taken Saarland taken over by the League over by the League of Nations for 15 of Nations for 15 yearsyears

Which of the territorial losses would have Which of the territorial losses would have angered the Germans most?angered the Germans most?

PlenaryPlenary

A myth emerged after the Treaty of A myth emerged after the Treaty of Versailles that it was a stab in the Versailles that it was a stab in the back for Germany. Do you agree back for Germany. Do you agree with this description?with this description?

HomeworkHomework

Write a short speech to deliver to the new Write a short speech to deliver to the new German Parliament explaining why you German Parliament explaining why you

hate the terms of the Treaty of Versailles hate the terms of the Treaty of Versailles so much.so much.