第 10 卷 第 9 期 食品安全质量检测学报 Vol. 10 No. 9 2019 年 5 月 Journal of Food Safety and Quality May , 2019 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(31571819) Fund: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571819) *通讯作者: 何伟, 硕士, 主要研究方向为食品安全。E-mail: [email protected]蒋立文, 博士, 教授, 主要研究方向为食品生物技术。E-mail: [email protected]*Corresponding author: HE Wei, Master, Changsha Food and Drug Information and Evaluation and Certification Center, Changsha 410045, China. E-mail: [email protected]JIANG Li-Wen, Ph.D, Professor, Food Science and Technology College Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. E-mail: [email protected]3 种接种方式卤水发酵中主要理化指标的 动态变化 何 伟 1,2* , 贺 静 2,3, 蒋立文 2,3* , 李 跑 2,3 , 廖卢艳 2,3 (1. 长沙市食品药品信息与审评认证中心, 长沙 410045; 2. 湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院, 长沙 410128; 3. 食品科学与生物技术湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410128) 摘 要: 目的 探讨卤水发酵过程中主要指标酸度和氨基酸态氮、总氨基酸的变化规律。方法 以 2 家品 牌企业规模化生产的卤水配方为参照, 实验室自制样品后采用接入不同老卤水与自然发酵组进行比较分析。 结果 3 种不同发酵卤水变化趋势基本一致, 在发酵不同阶段臭豆腐卤水 A、B、C 氨基酸总量明显增加, 其 变化范围分别是 0.60~5.45、1.66~3.35 和 1.05~3.68 g/kg。呈味氨基酸在发酵前期以鲜甜氨基酸为主, 后期以 苦味氨基酸为主。 3 种臭豆腐卤水中氨基酸态氮与 pH 值呈明显上升趋势 , 氨基酸态氮变化范围在 0.10%~0.45%之间, pH 值在发酵前期为酸性, 而后期呈碱性, 最高 pH 值达到 8.5。 结论 3 种接种方式卤水发 酵中主要理化指标的动态变化与原料的主要成分以及微生物群落的来源和变化有关。 关键词: 臭豆腐; 卤水; 氨基酸态氮; 氨基酸 Dynamic changes of main physicochemical indexes in brine fermentation by 3 kinds of inoculation methods HE Wei 1,2* , HE Jing 2,3 , JIANG Li-Wen 2,3* , LI Pao 2,3 , LIAO Lu-Yan 2,3 (1. Changsha Food and Drug Information and Accreditation Center, Changsha 410045, China; 2. Food Science and Technology College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 3. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China) ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the change rules of acidity, amino acid nitrogen and total amino acid in the main fermentation process of brine. Methods The brine formula produced by 2 brand enterprises on a large scale was used as reference, and the laboratory self-made samples were compared with different old brines and natural fermentation. Results The variation trends of 3 different fermentation brines were basically same. The total amino acids of A, B and C in the stinky tofu brine increased significantly at different stages of fermentation, and the variation range was 0.605.45, 1.663.35 and 1.053.68 g/kg, respectively. Flavor amino acids were mainly sweet amino acids in the early fermentation stage and bitter amino acids in the later stage. The amino acid nitrogen and pH
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第 10 卷 第 9 期 食 品 安 全 质 量 检 测 学 报 Vol. 10 No. 9
2019 年 5 月 Journal of Food Safety and Quality May , 2019
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(31571819)
Fund: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571819)
*Corresponding author: HE Wei, Master, Changsha Food and Drug Information and Evaluation and Certification Center, Changsha 410045, China. E-mail: [email protected]
JIANG Li-Wen, Ph.D, Professor, Food Science and Technology College Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China. E-mail: [email protected]
Dynamic changes of main physicochemical indexes in brine fermentation by 3 kinds of inoculation methods
HE Wei1,2*, HE Jing2,3, JIANG Li-Wen2,3*, LI Pao2,3, LIAO Lu-Yan2,3
(1. Changsha Food and Drug Information and Accreditation Center, Changsha 410045, China; 2. Food Science and Technology College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 3. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for
Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China)
ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the change rules of acidity, amino acid nitrogen and total amino acid in the
main fermentation process of brine. Methods The brine formula produced by 2 brand enterprises on a large scale
was used as reference, and the laboratory self-made samples were compared with different old brines and natural
fermentation. Results The variation trends of 3 different fermentation brines were basically same. The total amino
acids of A, B and C in the stinky tofu brine increased significantly at different stages of fermentation, and the
variation range was 0.605.45, 1.663.35 and 1.053.68 g/kg, respectively. Flavor amino acids were mainly sweet
amino acids in the early fermentation stage and bitter amino acids in the later stage. The amino acid nitrogen and pH
第 9 期 何 伟, 等: 3 种接种方式卤水发酵中主要理化指标的动态变化 2635
value of the 3 kinds of stinky tofu brines showed a significant upward trend. The amino acid nitrogen ranged from
0.10% to 0.45%. The pH value was mainly acidic in the early stage of fermentation, and the alkalinity was obvious in
the later stage. The highest pH value reached to 8.5. Conclusion The dynamic changes of the main physicochemical
indexes in brine fermentation by 3 kinds of inoculation methods are related to the main components of the raw
materials and the sources and changes of the microbial communities.