256 shades of gray: Exploring your body with medical imaging A. Kyle Jones, Ph.D. MD Anderson Cancer Center
256 shades of gray: Exploring your body with medical imaging
A. Kyle Jones, Ph.D.
MD Anderson Cancer Center
Learning objectives
1. Review radiologic imaging planes and projections.
2. Identify major structures in medical images of the human body.
3. Examine how disease processes affect normal anatomy and their impact on medical images.
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ANATOMIC PLANES AND PROJECTIONS
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Anatomic planes
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Axial Coronal Sagittal
Radiographic projections
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Posteroanterior (PA) Left lateral (LL)
Radiographic projections
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Anteroposterior (AP) Right posterior oblique (RPO)
Left posterior oblique (LPO)
Radiographic projections
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Left decubitus Right decubitus AP
Cross-sectional conventions
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R L
P
A
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THE CHEST
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• Apex • Cardiac shadow • Aortic arch • Hilum • Carina • Costophrenic angle • Mediastinum • Thoracic inlet
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• Apex • Aortic arch • Trachea • Retrosternal space • Retrocardiac space • Raider’s triangle • Hilum • Mediastinum
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SKELETAL ANATOMY
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VASCULAR ANATOMY
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Coronary arteries
• Left main trunk (LCA) • Left anterior descending • Circumflex • Right coronary artery (RCA) • Posterior descending artery (PDA) • Coronary sinus • Tricuspid valve • Mitral valve • Aortic valve • Papillary muscles
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• Aortic arch • Brachiocephalic a.
• R common carotid a. • R subclavian a.
• L common carotid a. • L subclavian a.
• L vertebral a.
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• Celiac a. • L. gastric a. • Common hepatic a. • GDA • Proper hepatic a. • Splenic a.
Gray’s Anatomy
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• Ileocolic a. • Right colic a. • Middle colic a. • Intestinal a. • Inferior pancreaticoduodenal a.
Gray’s Anatomy
Stroeder J et al. Angiographic findings in non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia: an attempt of standardization. C-2114 ECR 2011
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ABDOMINOPELVIC ANATOMY
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• Liver • Spleen • Stomach • Pancreas • Colon • Small intestine • Kidneys • Portal vein • IVC
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Corticomedullary
Nephrographic
Excretory (delayed)
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0%
34%
21%
45%
What radiographic projection is this?
R L
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1. Left decubitus
2. Right decubitus
3. AP
4. PA
What radiographic projection is this?
1. Left decubitus
2. Right decubitus
3. AP
4. PA
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R L
71%
4%
18%
0%
7%
What structure is identified?
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1. Olecranon
2. Greater tuberosity
3. Greater trochanter
4. Diaphysis
5. Lesser trochanter
What structure is identified?
1. Olecranon
2. Greater tuberosity
3. Greater trochanter
4. Diaphysis
5. Lesser trochanter
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52%
8%
20%
16%
4%
What vessel is identified?
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1. Celiac a.
2. Jugular v.
3. Portal v.
4. Brachiocephalic a.
5. L common carotid a.
What vessel is identified?
1. Celiac a.
2. Jugular v.
3. Portal v.
4. Brachiocephalic a.
5. L common carotid a.
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0%
7%
3%
27%
63%
What region of the kidneys is enhanced in this image?
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1. Cortex
2. Medulla
3. Renal pelvis
4. Capsule
5. Pole
What region of the kidneys is enhanced in this image?
1. Cortex
2. Medulla
3. Renal pelvis
4. Capsule
5. Pole
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Bonus: What is depicted in this image?
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