24 September 2007Remodece Coimbra1 Remodece Swiss Survey Results of Household Electricity Conrad U. Brunner S.A.F.E. Swiss Agency for Efficient Energy.

24 September 2007 Remodece Coimbra 1

Remodece

Swiss Survey Results of Household Electricity

Conrad U. Brunner

S.A.F.E.Swiss Agency for Efficient Energy UseZurich/Switzerland

www.energy-efficiency.chwww.energybox.ch


Total Electric Consumption ?

General uses outside apartment: auxiliary heating, lighting for stairs, corridors, outdoors

yes/no: electric hot water3‘600 kWh/a

yes/no: electric heating7‘500 kWh/a

yes/no: electric cooking 350 kWh/a

What few people have: Aquarium, sauna

What almost everybody has:3‘300 kWh/aLighting, refrigerator/freezer, washing/drying, cooking/baking/dish washing,telephone,TV, audio, settop box,home office,games,AC/DC trafo charger stand by,etc.

general use

12 %

36 %

90%


Surveys Switzerland

• Electricity Utilities 2005: telephone interview– clients in different areas measured consumption

– complete test 30 questions

• Energybox 2003 – 2007: web questionnaire1. Quicktest 10 questions

2. Complete Test 39 questions

3. Specific Topic Test 10 areas


Comparison: Germany - Switzerland

Project manager Institution

Date of survey

Period of electricity

use Source of responses CountrySelection of participants

Number of valid

answers

Total number of questions

Identical questions

Similar questions

Plausibilty test

German GfKBarbara

Schlomann

Fraunhofer ISI Karlsruhe/

GfK Panel Service

Nov/Dec 2006 2005/06 GfK Household Panel Germany

random, telephone 545 73 6 18 ?

EnergyboxStefan Gasser

S.A.F.E. Zurich

30.5.03 bis 29.1.07

2003 bis 2006 www.energybox.ch Switzerland

self selection, web

3'156 to 6'390,

complete: 1'958 39 6 18

>10'000 kWh excluded

VSE Alois Huser Encontrol 2005 2005 www.vse.ch Switzerlandrandom,

telephone 1'189 30 4 8 ?


Quick Test



Persons by age

A2: How many persons live in the household in the following age groups

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Years

Fra

ctio

n (%

)

German GfK

Energybox


Total consumption by size of apartment

A4 What was your electricity consumption invoiced by your electricity company last year?

3'4

74

1'8

25

2'0

22

2'7

80

3'6

84

3'5

99

4'9

94

3'9

76

2'1

11

2'0

72

2'8

11

3'9

73

2'9

35

5'0

62

4'1

13

1'5

19

1'8

86

2'7

70

4'4

44

5'1

46

7'1

25

3'7

97

0

1'000

2'000

3'000

4'000

5'000

6'000

7'000

8'000

Multioccupancy

building 1 to1.5 rooms

Multioccupancy


Multioccupancy


Multioccupancybuilding 4and more

rooms

Single familyhouse less

than 4 rooms

Single familyhouse 4 andmore rooms

Average

Ele

ctric

ity (

kWh

pe

r ye

ar)

German GfK

Energybox (measured)

Energybox (calculated)

VSE


Single family – multiple occupancy building

A5 What type of building do you live in?

34%

66%

49% 51%

31%

69%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Single family house Multi occupancy building

German GfK

Energybox

VSE


Electric heating and warm water

A6/A7 electric space heating or electric water heating (YES)

6%

30%

24%

49%

36%

0%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

A6 Do you use electric space heating? A7 Do you use electric water heating?

German GfK

Energybox

VSE


Refrigerator and freezer

B1,2,3 refrigerators and freezers (YES)

46%

70%

60%

4%

96%

60%

100%

53%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

B1 Do you have one or severalrefrigerators without a freezer

compartment?

B2 Do you have one or severalrefrigerators with a freezer

compartment?

B7 Do you have one or severalfreezers?

German GfKEnergyboxVSE


Refrigerator age

B1: age of refrigerators with a freezer compartment

34% 33% 33%

51%

20%

15%12%

2%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

2000 1995 1990 1980 1970

German GfK

Energybox


Refrigerator volume

B7: Volume of refrigerators with a freezer compartment

27%

66%

7%

15%

55%

30%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

less than 150 liters 150-250 liters more than 250 liters

German GfK

Energybox


Washing machine: age

C1 Age of washing machine

43%

33%

25%

40%

30%

24%

5%

1%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

2000 1995 1990 1980 1970

German GfK

Energybox


Use of tumble dryer

C8 How frequently do you use your tumble dryer

42%

33%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

German GfK Energybox


Dish washer

C9 Have you got a dish washer?

41%37%

22%

27%

40%

33%35%

65%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

No Yes, without eco-button Yes, with eco-button

German GfKEnergyboxVSE


Age of dish washer

C9 Age of dish washer

44%

33%

23%

49%

25%

20%

5%

1%0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

2000 1995 1990 1980 1970

German GfK

Energybox


Cooking habits

D2/D3 cooking with lid on the pan or with pressure cooker (YES)

24%

3%

50%

12%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

D2 Do you usually put a lid on the pan when youcook?

D3 How much of your cooking do you make witha pressure cooker?

German GfK

Energybox


Office equipment

E2 Office appliances available (YES)

60%

24%

58%

18%

28%

15%

86%

43%

111%

13%

34%

15%

142%

89%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

Desktop PC Laptop Printer Multifunctionprinter

Scanner/copier Fax

German GfK

Energybox

VSE


Home entertainment

F1 Home entertainment available (YES)

94%

8%

64%73%

124%

8%

67%

117%

172%

2%

69%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

180%

200%

TV Home cinema VHS / DVDrecorder/player

Hi-Fi

German GfK Energybox VSE


TV Standby

F1 Standby TV

0%

18%

56%

28%

16%

82%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Turned-off with on/off button Manually off when in holiday Turned-off with remote controlor Standby

German GfK Energybox


Lighting: number of lamps

H1 Specify number of light bulbs of each type

12,5

7,1

0,71,9

3,1

25,3

8,57,1

1,22,5

3,8

23,1

13,3

5,8

1,53,0

1,5

25,1

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

Incandescent Low voltagehalogen

High voltagehalogen (>70W)

Fluorescent CompactFluorescent

Total

German GfK

Energybox

VSE


Lighting electricity

Energy consumption for lighting in kWh/a (calculation)

370 378

557

848

573

1'074

848

364

494 515

662

803

976

599

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Multioccupancy


Multioccupancy


Multioccupancy


Multioccupancybuilding 4and more

rooms

Single familyhouse less

than 4 rooms

Single familyhouse 4 andmore rooms

Average

kWh

per

year

Energybox

VSE


Weekly use

Number uf uses per week (Energybox)

40°C

60°C

90°C

Tumbler

Indoor

Outdoor

Large + hot meals

Small or cold meals

Baking

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Washing Drying Cooking Dish Washing


All applications

Electricity consumption for all applications in kWh/a (calculation)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1'000

Refrigerator Freezer Cooking Dish w asher Washingmachine

Tumbler Lighting Homeentertainment

Officeappliances

Diverse

Ele

ctric

ity (

kWh/

a)

Energybox - actual value

VSE


Savings potential

Electricity savings potential in kWh/a: target value is 48%

26

8

31

6

19

0

52

7

66

2

84

8

35

5

14

0

37

4

23

6

15

2

21

9

13

1

27

6

27

6

11

3

20

2

54

29

9

43

3

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1'000

Refrigerator Freezer Cooking Dish washer Washingmachine

Tumbler Lighting Homeentertainment

Officeappliances

Diverse

Ele

ctric

ity (

kWh

pe

r ye

ar)

Energybox - actual value

Energybox - target value


Energy consumption for all applications in kWh/a (calculation)

Refrigerator11%

Freezer7%

Cooking8%

Dish washer5%

Washing machine13%

Tumbler15%

Lighting20%

Home entertainment9%

Office appliances 3%

Diverse9%


b

A2 How many persons live in the household in the following age groups?% German GfK VSE avg. years

Age 12 and less 11,9% 140 12Age from 13 to 18 4,3% 51 16Age from 19 to 65 62,2% 732 42Age more than 65 21,6% 254 65Total 100,0% 1177

% Energybox VSEAge less than 6 10,6% 3'877 6Age from 6 to 16 15,6% 5'711 11Age from 16 to 25 10,0% 3'678 21Age from 25 to 60 57,8% 21'236 43Age mor than 60 6,0% 2'208 60Total 100,0% 36'710 1189

A4 What was your electricity consumption invoiced by your electricity company last year?

kWh German GfKEnergybox (measured)

Energybox (calculated) VSE

Multi occupancy building 1 to 1.5 rooms 1'825 2'111 1'519Multi occupancy building 2 to 2.5 rooms 2'022 2'072 1'886Multi occupancy building 3 to 3.5 rooms 2'780 2'811 2'770Multi occupancy building 4 and more rooms 3'684 3'973 4'444Single family house less than 4 rooms 3'599 2'935 5'146Single family house 4 and more rooms 4'994 5'062 7'125

Average 3'474 3'976 4'113 3'797

A5 What type of building do you live in?German GfK Energybox VSE

Single family house 34% 49% 31%Multi occupancy building 66% 51% 69%

German GfK Energybox VSEA6 Do you use electric space heating? 6% 24% 36%A7 Do you use electric water heating? 30% 49% 0%

German GfK Energybox VSEB1 Do you have one or several refrigerators without a freezer compartment? 46% 4%B2 Do you have one or several refrigerators with a freezer compartment? 70% 96% 100%B7 Do you have one or several freezers? 60% 60% 53%

B7 Age of refrigerators with a freezer compartment German GfK Energybox VSE2000 34% 51% k.A.1995 33% 20%1990 33% 15%1980 12%1970 2%

B7 Volume of refrigerators with a freezer compartment German GfK Energybox VSEless than 150 liters 27% 15% k.A.150-250 liters 66% 55%more than 250 liters 7% 30%

C1 Age of washing machine German GfK Energybox VSE2000 43% 40% k.A.1995 33% 30%1990 25% 24%1980 5%1970 1%

C8 How frequently do you use your tumble dryer German GfK Energybox VSE42% 33% k.A.

C9 Have you got a dish washer? German GfK Energybox VSENo 41% 27% 35%Yes, without eco-button 37% 40% 65%Yes, with eco-button 22% 33%

C9 Age of dish washer German GfK Energybox VSE2000 44% 49% k.A.1995 33% 25%1990 23% 20%1980 5%1970 1%

German GfK Energybox VSED2 Do you usually put a lid on the pan when you cook? 24% 50% k.A.D3 How much of your cooking do you make with a pressure cooker? 3% 12%

E1 Office appliances German GfK Energybox VSEDesktop PC 60% 86% 142%Laptop 24% 43%Printer 58% 111% 89%Multifunction printer 18% 13%Scanner/copier 28% 34%Fax 15% 15%

F1 Home entertainment German GfK Energybox VSETV 94% 124% 172%Home cinema 8% 8% 2%VHS / DVD recorder/player 64% 67% 69%Hi-Fi 73% 117%

F1 Standby TV German GfK Energybox VSETurned-off with on/off button 82% 56% k.A.Manually off when in holiday 0% 28%Turned-off with remote control or Standby 18% 16%

H1 Specify the number of light bulbs of each typ German GfK Energybox VSEIncandescent 12,5 8,5 13,3Low voltage halogen 7,1 7,1 5,8High voltage halogen (>70W) 0,7 1,2 1,5Fluorescent 1,9 2,5 3,0Compact Fluorescent 3,1 3,8 1,5Total 25,3 23,1 25,1

Energy consumption for ligthing in kWh/a (Calculation) Energybox VSEMulti occupancy building 1 to 1.5 rooms 370 364Multi occupancy building 2 to 2.5 rooms 378 494Multi occupancy building 3 to 3.5 rooms 557 515Multi occupancy building 4 and more rooms 848 662Single family house less than 4 rooms 573 803Single family house 4 and more rooms 1'074 976Average 848 599

Energy consumption for all applications in kWh/a (Calculation)Energybox - actual value

Energybox - target value Savings target/actual VSE

Refrigerator 433 236 197 55% 450Freezer 268 152 116 57% 350Cooking 316 219 97 69% 400Dish washer 190 131 59 69% 250Washing machine 527 276 251 52% 250Tumbler 662 276 386 42% 400Lighting 848 113 735 13% 600Home entertainment 355 202 153 57% 250Office appliances 140 54 86 39% 250Diverse 374 299 75 80% 1'000Total 4'113 1'958 2'155 48% 4'200

Number uf uses per week (Energybox) Washing Drying Cooking Dish Washing40°C 4,260°C 4,890°C 0,9Tumbler 3,3Indoor 3,3Outdoor 3,3Large + hot meals 5,8Small or cold meals 4,2Baking 2,0Dish washing 4,2


Lessons learned

Sample qualityHeat processes are crucial

Elt. heating systems: how and how long?Elt. hot water: how and how much?Warm meals: devices and habits

Wrong answersPlausibility check (upper/lower limits)Median not average

Air conditioning: none in the sampleHome office is worse than real office

Older equipment, multi-people use, games, stand-byClothes dryer

Large savings potential with heat pumpLighting has big savings potential


Total consumption: Measured vs. surveyed

Energybox „measured“ 3‘976 kWh/a 100,0 %

Energybox „calculated“ 4‘113 kWh/a 103,6 %

VSE „measured“ 3‘797 kWh/a 95,5 %


Total consumption: Germany vs. Switzerland

• Total electricity consumption: pretty close– Switzerland (measured) 3‘976 kWh/a 100,0 %

– Germany 3‘474 kWh/a 87,4 %

• Germany: ~ population a little older

– less one family houses

– less electric space heating

– less electric hot water

– less refrigerators with freezer compartment

– less home offices and TV

+ more incandescent lamps

24 September 2007Remodece Coimbra1 Remodece Swiss Survey Results of Household Electricity Conrad U. Brunner S.A.F.E. Swiss Agency for Efficient Energy.

Documents

remodece coimbra6 slide

remodece coimbra27 slide

remodece coimbra25

remodece coimbra28 b

freezer slide

remodece coimbra22 lighting

warm water slide

remodece coimbra29 lessons