• Energy conversions are described by principles called the laws of thermodynamics. Energy Flow 2.4 Energy Conversions • The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change form. • On a broader scale, the first law is called the law of conservation of energy and it states that the total energy of the universe is constant.
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2.4 Energy Conversions 1 Energy conversions are described by principles called the laws of thermodynamics. Energy Flow 2.4 Energy Conversions The first.
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• Energy conversions are described by principles called the laws of thermodynamics.
Energy Flow
2.4 Energy Conversions
• The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change form.
• On a broader scale, the first law is called the law of conservation of energy and it states that the total energy of the universe is constant.
• The first law of thermodynamics means that organisms cannot create their own energy, but must obtain it from an outside source.
2.4 Energy Conversions (cont.)
Energy Flow
An important difference between living and nonliving systems is the ability of living systems to conserve and use some of the energy released in chemical reactions.
• The second law of thermodynamics states that systems tend to change in a way that increases the disorder, or entropy, of the system plus its surroundings.
2.5 Energy and Entropy
• Because energy tends to spread out into the surroundings, the free energy in a system is slightly less after each energy conversion than before.
• The world becomes increasingly disordered as free energy is released.