642.e1 REFERENCES 1. Abdel-Hady H, Shouman B, Aly H: Early weaning from CPAP to high flow nasal cannula in preterm infants is associated with prolonged oxygen requirement: a randomized controlled trial, Early Hum Dev 87:205, 2011. 2. Abdel-Latif ME, Osborn DA: Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7:CD008309, 2011. 3. Abdel-Latif ME, Osborn DA: Nebulized surfactant in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10:CD008310, 2012. 4. Afjeh SA, Sabzehei MK, Karimi A, et al: Surveillance of ven- tilator-associated pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care unit: characteristics, risk factors, and outcome, Arch Iran Med 15:568, 2012. 5. Alexander N, Rosenlocher F, Stadler T, et al: Impact of ante- natal synthetic glucocorticoid exposure on endocrine stress re- activity in term-born children, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:3538, 2012. 6. Al-Saif S, Alvaro R, Manfreda J, et al: A randomized controlled trial of theophylline versus CO 2 inhalation for treating apnea of prematurity, J Pediatr 153:513, 2008. 7. Aly H, Badawy M, El-Kholy A, et al: Randomized, controlled trial on tracheal colonization of ventilated infants: can grav- ity prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia? Pediatrics 122:770, 2008. 8. Aly H, Badawy M, Tomerak RH, et al: Tracheal colonization in preterm infants supported with nasal continuous positive airway pressure, Pediatr Int 54:356, 2012. 9. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn: Respiratory support in preterm infants at birth, Pediatrics 133:171, 2014. 10. American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Guidelines for perinatal care, ed 7, Elk Grove Village, Ill, 2012, American Academy of Pedi- atrics. 11. American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatrics Society: Postnatal corticosteroids to treat or prevent chronic lung disease in preterm infants, Pediatrics 117:1846, 2006. 12. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn: Postnatal corticosteroids to prevent or treat bron- chopulmomary dysplasia, Pediatrics 126:800, 2010. 13. American Association for Respiratory Care: AARC Clini- cal practice guidelines: endotracheal suctioning of mechani- cally ventilated patients with artificial airways, 2010, Respir Care 55:758, 2010. 14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Commit- tee on Obstetric Practice: ACOG Committee Opinion #475. Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation, Obstet Gy- necol 177:422, 2011. 15. Askie LM, Ballard RA, Cutler GR, et al: Meta-analysis of preterm patients on inhaled nitric oxide collaboration: an individual-patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials, Pediatrics 128:729, 2011. 16. Askie L, Brocklehurst P, Darlow BA, et al: NeOProM: Neona- tal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis Collaboration Study protocol, BMC Pediatr 11:6, 2011. 17. Deleted in pages. 18. Askie L, Henderson-Smart D, Irwing L, et al: Oxygen saturation targets and outcomes in extremely preterm infants, N Engl J Med 349:959, 2003. 19. Atsay B, Ergun H, Okulu E, et al: The association between cord hormones and transient tachypnea of the newborn in late pre- term and term neonates who are delivered by cesarean section, J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 26:877, 2013. 20. Avery ME,Tooley WH, Keller JB, et al: Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? A survey of eight centers, Pediatrics 79:26, 1987. 21. Aziz H, Martin J, Moore J: The pediatric disposable end-tidal carbon dioxide detector role in endotracheal intubation in new- borns, J Perinatol 19:110, 1999. 22. Baba L, McGrath J: Oxygen free radicals: effects in the newborn period, Adv Neonatal Care 8:256, 2008. 23. Badr MA, Ali YF, Albanna EA, et al: Ventilator associated pneu- monia in critically ill neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, Zagazig university hospitals, Iran J Pediatr 21:418, 2011. 24. Bagley CE, Gray PH, Tudehope DI, et al: Routine postextuba- tion chest physiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial, J Paediatr Child Health 41:592, 2005. 25. Bahman-Bijari B, Malekiyan A, Niknafs P, Baneshi MR: Bubble- CPAP vs. ventilatory-CPAP in preterm infants with respiratory distress, Iran J Pediatr 21:151, 2011. 26. Bak SY, Shin YH, Jeon JH, et al: Prognostic factors for treat- ment outcomes in transient tachypnea of the newborn, Pediatr Int 54:875, 2012. 27. Ballabh P, Kumari J, Krauss A, et al: Soluble E-selectin, soluble L-selectin and soluble ICAM-1 in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and changes with dexamethasone, Pediatrics 111:461, 2003. 28. Ballard P, Truog W, Merrill J, et al: Plasma biomarkers of oxida- tive stress: relationship to lung disease and inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature infants, Pediatrics 121:555, 2008. 29. Bancalari E, Claure N:The evidence for non-invasive ventilation in the preterm infant, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 98:F98, 2013. 30. Baquero H, Soliz A, Neira F, et al: Oral sildenafil in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a pilot ran- domized blinded study, Pediatrics 117:1077, 2006. 31. Barbarosa AL, Cardoso MV, Brasil TB, Scochi CG: Endotracheal and upper airways suctioning: changes in newborns’ physiologi- cal parameters, Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19:1369, 2011. 32. Barrington K: Hazards of systemic steroids for ventilator- dependent preterm infants: what would the parents want? J Can Med Assoc 165:33, 2001. 33. Barrington K: The adverse neurodevelopmental effects of post- natal steroids in the preterm infant: a systematic review of RCTs, BMC Pediatr 1:1, 2001. 34. Barrington K, Bull D, Finer N: Randomized trial of nasal syn- chronized intermittent mandatory ventilation compared with continuous positive airway pressure after extubation of very low birth weight infants, Pediatrics 107:638, 2001. 35. Barrington K, Finer N: Inhaled nitric oxide for respiratory fail- ure in preterm infants, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD000509, 2010. 36. Baumer J: International randomized controlled trial of patient triggered ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 82:F5, 2000. 36a. Beardsmore CS,Westaway J, Killer H, et al: How does the chang- ing profile of infants who are referred for extracorporeal mem- brane oxygenation affect their overall respiratory outcome? Pedi- atrics 120:e762, 2007. 37. Beck J, Reilly M, Grasselli G, et al: Patient ventilator interaction during neutrally adjusted ventilator assists in low birth weight infants, Pediatr Res 65:663, 2009.
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642.e1
REFERENCES 1. Abdel-Hady H, Shouman B, Aly H: Early weaning from CPAP
to high flow nasal cannula in preterm infants is associated with prolonged oxygen requirement: a randomized controlled trial, Early Hum Dev 87:205, 2011.
2. Abdel-Latif ME, Osborn DA: Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 7:CD008309, 2011.
3. Abdel-Latif ME, Osborn DA: Nebulized surfactant in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10:CD008310, 2012.
4. Afjeh SA, Sabzehei MK, Karimi A, et al: Surveillance of ven-tilator-associated pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care unit: characteristics, risk factors, and outcome, Arch Iran Med 15:568, 2012.
5. Alexander N, Rosenlocher F, Stadler T, et al: Impact of ante-natal synthetic glucocorticoid exposure on endocrine stress re-activity in term-born children, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97:3538, 2012.
6. Al-Saif S, Alvaro R, Manfreda J, et al: A randomized controlled trial of theophylline versus CO2 inhalation for treating apnea of prematurity, J Pediatr 153:513, 2008.
7. Aly H, Badawy M, El-Kholy A, et al: Randomized, controlled trial on tracheal colonization of ventilated infants: can grav-ity prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia? Pediatrics 122:770, 2008.
8. Aly H, Badawy M, Tomerak RH, et al: Tracheal colonization in preterm infants supported with nasal continuous positive airway pressure, Pediatr Int 54:356, 2012.
9. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn: Respiratory support in preterm infants at birth, Pediatrics 133:171, 2014.
10. American Academy of Pediatrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Guidelines for perinatal care, ed 7, Elk Grove Village, Ill, 2012, American Academy of Pedi-atrics.
11. American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Pediatrics Society: Postnatal corticosteroids to treat or prevent chronic lung disease in preterm infants, Pediatrics 117:1846, 2006.
12. American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Fetus and Newborn: Postnatal corticosteroids to prevent or treat bron-chopulmomary dysplasia, Pediatrics 126:800, 2010.
13. American Association for Respiratory Care: AARC Clini-cal practice guidelines: endotracheal suctioning of mechani-cally ventilated patients with artificial airways, 2010, Respir Care 55:758, 2010.
14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Commit-tee on Obstetric Practice: ACOG Committee Opinion #475. Antenatal corticosteroid therapy for fetal maturation, Obstet Gy-necol 177:422, 2011.
15. Askie LM, Ballard RA, Cutler GR, et al: Meta-analysis of preterm patients on inhaled nitric oxide collaboration: an individual- patient data meta-analysis of randomized trials, Pediatrics 128:729, 2011.
17. Deleted in pages. 18. Askie L, Henderson-Smart D, Irwing L, et al: Oxygen saturation
targets and outcomes in extremely preterm infants, N Engl J Med 349:959, 2003.
19. Atsay B, Ergun H, Okulu E, et al: The association between cord hormones and transient tachypnea of the newborn in late pre-term and term neonates who are delivered by cesarean section, J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 26:877, 2013.
20. Avery ME, Tooley WH, Keller JB, et al: Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? A survey of eight centers, Pediatrics 79:26, 1987.
21. Aziz H, Martin J, Moore J: The pediatric disposable end-tidal carbon dioxide detector role in endotracheal intubation in new-borns, J Perinatol 19:110, 1999.
22. Baba L, McGrath J: Oxygen free radicals: effects in the newborn period, Adv Neonatal Care 8:256, 2008.
23. Badr MA, Ali YF, Albanna EA, et al: Ventilator associated pneu-monia in critically ill neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, Zagazig university hospitals, Iran J Pediatr 21:418, 2011.
24. Bagley CE, Gray PH, Tudehope DI, et al: Routine postextuba-tion chest physiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial, J Paediatr Child Health 41:592, 2005.
25. Bahman-Bijari B, Malekiyan A, Niknafs P, Baneshi MR: Bubble -CPAP vs. ventilatory-CPAP in preterm infants with respiratory distress, Iran J Pediatr 21:151, 2011.
26. Bak SY, Shin YH, Jeon JH, et al: Prognostic factors for treat-ment outcomes in transient tachypnea of the newborn, Pediatr Int 54:875, 2012.
27. Ballabh P, Kumari J, Krauss A, et al: Soluble E-selectin, soluble L-selectin and soluble ICAM-1 in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and changes with dexamethasone, Pediatrics 111:461, 2003.
28. Ballard P, Truog W, Merrill J, et al: Plasma biomarkers of oxida-tive stress: relationship to lung disease and inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature infants, Pediatrics 121:555, 2008.
29. Bancalari E, Claure N: The evidence for non-invasive ventilation in the preterm infant, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 98:F98, 2013.
30. Baquero H, Soliz A, Neira F, et al: Oral sildenafil in infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: a pilot ran-domized blinded study, Pediatrics 117:1077, 2006.
31. Barbarosa AL, Cardoso MV, Brasil TB, Scochi CG: Endotracheal and upper airways suctioning: changes in newborns’ physiologi-cal parameters, Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 19:1369, 2011.
32. Barrington K: Hazards of systemic steroids for ventilator- dependent preterm infants: what would the parents want? J Can Med Assoc 165:33, 2001.
33. Barrington K: The adverse neurodevelopmental effects of post-natal steroids in the preterm infant: a systematic review of RCTs, BMC Pediatr 1:1, 2001.
34. Barrington K, Bull D, Finer N: Randomized trial of nasal syn-chronized intermittent mandatory ventilation compared with continuous positive airway pressure after extubation of very low birth weight infants, Pediatrics 107:638, 2001.
35. Barrington K, Finer N: Inhaled nitric oxide for respiratory fail-ure in preterm infants, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD000509, 2010.
36. Baumer J: International randomized controlled trial of patient triggered ventilation in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 82:F5, 2000.
36a. Beardsmore CS, Westaway J, Killer H, et al: How does the chang-ing profile of infants who are referred for extracorporeal mem-brane oxygenation affect their overall respiratory outcome? Pedi-atrics 120:e762, 2007.
37. Beck J, Reilly M, Grasselli G, et al: Patient ventilator interaction during neutrally adjusted ventilator assists in low birth weight infants, Pediatr Res 65:663, 2009.
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