23 25 jan 2013 csisa kathmandu technology adoption takashi

CSISA Kathmandu Meeting

January 24 (Wednesday), 2013

Determinants of technology adoption: what do we know, and what do we need to learn?

Objectives of Adoption Studies

1. Explain Rationale for CSISA Technologies

2. Describe CSISA Activities on Technology Adoption by using Hub-based data

a) To describe CSISA activities on technology adoption

b) To contribute to data management

3. Identify constraints to adoption and evaluate the impacts

a) To present ex-ante analyses for scaling-up activities with counterparts

b) To provide impact estimations

Key Technologies

1. DSR

2. Machine Transplanting of Rice

3. Zero Tillage Wheat

4. Lazar Land Labeling

Major problems in adopting DSR

1. Weeding (high labor costs of weeding)

2. Limited access to irrigation at the time of sawing

3. Access to service providers

What will we do?

Conduct a dis-adoption study among know (i.e., listed) DSR users in UP and Bihar

1. About 300 farmers in UP and Bihar

2. In February – March, 2013

3. May extend the survey to non-listed farmers or move on to another technology, such as Machine Transplanting Rice

2009 2010 2011 20120

100

200

300

400

500

600

DSR Users who are listed at UP Hub

DSR users

List of DSR users at UP Hub

The total number of listed DSR plots is 1,444; The total number of farmer-year is 1283; 32 farmers appear more than 2 times, leaving the total number of (distinct) farmers at 1283

2009 2010 2011 20120

100

200

300

400

500

600

MaharajganjiE. ChamparanDeoriaKushinagar

Num

ber

of

List

ed D

SR

Use

rs

AllBy Year

2009 2010 2011 2012

Number of rice farmers

Maharajganji 17 12 5

Deoria 255 24 173 58

E. Champaran 112 50 13 49

Kushinagar 899 95 173 177 454

Total 1,283 95 259 363 566

Farmers who applied DSR in Eastern UP

Expected Outputs

No Sub-mergence

1 to 7 days 8 to 14 days 15 days & longer

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0 Swarna Swarna sub1tons/ha

Figure 1. Yields of Swarna and Swarna Sub 1 under Submergence in Eastern India

Expected Gain from adopting Swarna Sub 1 from SwarnaE(Gain) = Pr(S0) x YA0 + Pr(S1-7) x YA1-7 + Pr(S8-15) x YA8-

15

Example of Ex-ante Analysis: Swarna Sub 1

Figure 2. Expected Gains (kgs per ha) from Adopting Swarna Sub 1

Timeline

1. Conducting Surveys in UP in Feb 2013

2. Conducting Surveys in UP in early March 2013

3. Quickly produce briefs in April-May

4. One more study before planting

5. Another study after planting

Technology Adoption: Theory of Planned Behavior

Subjective Norm

Perceived Behavioral

Control

Adoption

Opinions of opinion leaders, change agents, neighbors, etc.

Can I adopt the technology? Can I change my farming practices?

Profits, yields, etc.

Attitude

Original Users

Neighbors

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

I consider myself as a progressive farmer

Original Users

Neighbors

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

Other farmers ask my opinions about agricultural technologies

Examples from Swarna Sub 1 Users and Neighbors

Do psychological constructs affect continuous use of DSR? Can we influence farmers’ psychological constructs?