224993154 Moroccan Arabic Word

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Table of ContentsIntroduction......................................................................................................................................1

Learning Moroccan Arabic...................................................................................................... 1Transcription of Moroccan Arabic..........................................................................................1

Getting Started with Moroccan Arabic.............................................................................................5

Greetings.................................................................................................................................5Independent Pronouns............................................................................................................7Possessive Pronouns............................................................................................................... Mascu!ine and "e#inine $ouns............................................................................................. %

&escribing 'ourse!f.........................................................................................................................1($ationa!ities) *ities) and Marita! Status...............................................................................1(The Possessive +ord ,d-a!...................................................................................................11&e#onstrative Ad/ectives 0 &e#onstrative Pronouns.........................................................1 As2ing about Possession........................................................................................................15

3sefu! 4pressions..........................................................................................................................1$u#era!s.........................................................................................................................................61

*ardina! $u#bers................................................................................................................. 61rdina! $u#bers 8 "ractions................................................................................................67Ti#e...................................................................................................................................... 6

Getting Started Shopping................................................................................................................1Mone-....................................................................................................................................1 At the 9anoot........................................................................................................................ 6 :erb ,to want....................................................................................................................... ;a-n for ,There is................................................................................................................ 5

"a#i!-.............................................................................................................................................<"a#i!- Me#bers...................................................................................................................< :erb ,to have........................................................................................................................7

&irections....................................................................................................................................... =(Prepositions.......................................................................................................................... =(&irections.............................................................................................................................. =1

Past 4vents..................................................................................................................................... =Ti#e :ocabu!ar-...................................................................................................................=Past Tense > ?egu!ar :erbs..................................................................................................==Past Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs................................................................................................ =<$egation................................................................................................................................=%9ave -ou ever... 8 I@ve never..................................................................................................5(b/ect Pronouns.................................................................................................................... 51uestion +ords.....................................................................................................................56

&ai!- ?outines................................................................................................................................ 55Present Tense > ?egu!ar :erbs.............................................................................................55

Present Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs with Midd!e ,a.................................................................57Present Tense > Irregu!ar :erbs with "ina! ,a....................................................................


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"ood and &rin2..................................................................................................................... 5The ?ef!eive verb ,to p!ease 8 to !i2e.................................................................................7The :erb ,to need) to have to) #ust) shou!d........................................................................%1The :erb ,to want) to !i2e....................................................................................................%6

Medica! 0 Bod-...............................................................................................................................%Bod- Parts............................................................................................................................. %

9ea!th Prob!e#s................................................................................................................... %=Site :isit 4pressions..................................................................................................................... %<Trave!..............................................................................................................................................%

"uture Tense......................................................................................................................... %Trave!................................................................................................................................... 1(6

At the 9ote!...................................................................................................................................1(<9ote! Acco##odation........................................................................................................1(<The *onditiona!................................................................................................................... 1(7

At the Post ffice..........................................................................................................................1(%The Post ffice.................................................................................................................... 1(%3sing Prepositions with Pronoun 4ndings 0 :erbs............................................................111

&escribing the Peace *orps Mission............................................................................................. 11<

Peace *orps.......................................................................................................................... 11< 'outh &eve!op#ent..............................................................................................................1174nviron#ent........................................................................................................................ 119ea!th.................................................................................................................................. 16(S#a!! Business &eve!op#ent...............................................................................................161

?enting a 9ouse............................................................................................................................16"inding a 9ouse.................................................................................................................. 16"urnishing a 9ouse.............................................................................................................165

Safet- and Securit-........................................................................................................................167Seua! 9arass#ent.............................................................................................................. 167 At the Tai Stand................................................................................................................. 16% At +or2...............................................................................................................................1(

"orgetting a +a!!et in a Tai 8 "i!ing a ?eport....................................................................11Butagas................................................................................................................................ 169ash.....................................................................................................................................1=Theft..................................................................................................................................... 159ouse Securit- 8 &oors and +indows................................................................................17Po!itica! 9arass#ent...........................................................................................................1

Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 1=1Pronunciation of Moroccan Arabic...............................................................................................1=6

3nderstanding 9ow Sounds Are Made...............................................................................1=6Pronunciation of $onC4ng!ish *onsonants........................................................................1=6Pronunciation of Shedda.....................................................................................................1==The &efinite Artic!e............................................................................................................. 1==

Supp!e#entar- Gra##ar Lessons............................................................................................... 1=<Ma2ing Intransitive :erbs into Transitive :erbs................................................................1=<Passive :erbs.......................................................................................................................1=7The Past Progressive........................................................................................................... 1=The :erb ,to re#ain...........................................................................................................1=% :erb Particip!es................................................................................................................... 1=%*on/unctions........................................................................................................................156

More 3sefu! 4pressions.............................................................................................................. 155Moroccan 9o!ida-s....................................................................................................................... 157

?e!igious 9o!ida-s...............................................................................................................157$ationa! 9o!ida-s................................................................................................................15%

G!ossar- of :erbs...........................................................................................................................1


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Peace Corps / Morocco • 3


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Introduction

Learning Moroccan Arabic4ven under the best conditions) !earning a new !anguage can be cha!!enging. Add to this cha!!enge therigors of Peace *orps training) and -ou@re faced with what wi!! be one of the #ost de#andingDand

rewardingDaspects of -our Peace *orps eperienceE !earning to co##unicate to Moroccans in theirown !anguage. But it can be done. And rest assured that -ou can do it. 9ere are a few reasons wh-E

· You are immersed in the language: So#e peop!e #a- need to hear a word three ti#es tore#e#ber itF others #a- need thirt-. Learning Moroccan Arabic whi!e !iving and training withMoroccans gives -ou the chance to hear the !anguage used again and again.

· You have daily language classes with Moroccan teachers: 'ou@re not on!- i##ersed in the!anguageF -ou a!so have the opportunit- to receive feedbac2 fro# native spea2ers on the #an-uestions that predictab!- crop up when one !earns a new !anguage.

· Peace Corps has over forty years of experience in Morocco: 'our training) inc!uding this #anua!) benefits fro# the co!!ective eperience gained b- training thousands of A#ericans to !ive and wor2 in Morocco. 'ou wi!! benefit fro# and contribute to that !egac-.

&espite these advantages) at ti#es -ou #a- sti!! fee! !i2e the tas2 of !earning Moroccan Arabic is too

#uch to hand!e. ?e#e#ber that vo!unteers like you having been doing it for decades) however. ne ofthe #ost rewarding aspects of -our ti#e wi!! be co##unicating with Moroccans in Arabic) surprisingthe# and -ourse!f with how we!! -ou 2now the !anguage. +hen that ti#e arrives) -our hard wor2 wi!!have been worth it.

Transcription of Moroccan ArabicIn order for trainees to #ove uic2!- into Moroccan Arabic Ha!so ca!!ed ,&ari/a) Peace *orps uses as-ste# of transcription that substitutes characters of the Latin a!phabet Ha) b) c) d) . . . for charactersfro# Arabic script H

تب . . .. +ith this s-ste#) it isn@t necessar- for a trainee to !earn a!! of Arabic script before he or she begins to !earn the !anguage. n the contrar-) once -ou beco#e fa#i!iar with the s-ste# of transcription) -ou wi!! be ab!e to ,read and ,write Moroccan Arabic fair!- uic2!-D

using characters -ou are fa#i!iar with. 'ou wi!! also !earn Arabic script during training) but withtranscription it isn@t necessar- to 2now it right awa-. Throughout the boo2) therefore) -ou wi!! a!wa-ssee both the origina! Arabic script and the transcription. Becoming familiar with the Peace Corps’system of transcription is one of the best things you can do, early on, to help yourself learn Moroccan Arabic. Practicing the different sounds of Moroccan Arabic until you can reproduce them is another.This introduction is intended #ain!- to he!p -ou get started with the s-ste# of transcription) and as aresu!t it wi!! #ention on!- brief!- the different sounds of Arabic. 9owever) a fu!!er ep!anation can befound on page 1==.

Sounds You Already Know

The !arge #a/orit- of consonants in Moroccan Arabic are si#i!ar to sounds that we have in 4ng!ish.

The vowe!s in Arabic are a!so si#i!ar to 4ng!ish vowe!s. In the fo!!owing tab!e) each transcriptioncharacter that represents a sound you already know wi!! be ep!ained. The sounds are not necessarily what you may expect) but each character was #atched with a sound for good reasons.

TranscriptionCharacter

ArabicCharacter

Description

a //_ ا sometimes the /ä/ in “father,” sometimes the /a/ in “mad”

b ب the normal English sound /b/

d د the normal English sound /d/

e ا

/ _

the short “e” sound /e/ as in “met” (this transcription character is not used

often, only when confusion would be caused by using the transcription character“a”)


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f ف the normal English sound /f/

g گ the normal English sound /g/ as in “go”

h the normal English sound /h/ as in “hi”

i _ / ي the long “ee” sound /!/ as in “meet”

/ ج

the /"h/ sound represented by the #s$ in “pleasure”

2 ك the normal English sound /%/

! ل the normal English sound /l/

# م the normal English sound /m/

n ن the normal English sound /n/

o و the long “o” sound /&/ as in “bone” (this transcription character is not usedoften, mainly for 'rench words that hae entered oroccan *rabic)

p + the normal English sound /p/

r ر this is not the normal English “r,” but a “flap” similar to the panish“r” or to the sound *mericans ma%e when they -uic%ly say “gotta” asin “. gotta go”

s س the normal English sound /s/

t ت the normal English sound /t/

u و the long “oo” sound // as in “food”

v ڤ the normal English sound //

w و the normal English sound /w/

- ي the normal English sound /y/

J ز

the normal English sound /"/

K ش the normal English sound /sh/ as in “she”

ome owel combinations

a- ي ـ the “ay” as in “say”

au و ـ the “ow” as in “cow”

iu ـ the “ee you” as in “see you later”

New SoundsThere are eight consonants in Moroccan Arabic that we do not have in 4ng!ish. It #a- ta2e -ou so#eti#e to be ab!e to pronounce these correct!-. At this point) what@s i#portant is that -ou !earn thetranscription character for each of these sounds. See page 1== for #ore infor#ation on how topronounce the sounds in Moroccan Arabic.

TranscriptionCharacter

ArabicCharacter

Sound

d ̣ ض the *rabic emphatic “d” 0hese sounds are pronounced li%e theirnon1emphatic counterparts, but with alower pitch and a greater tension in the

tongue and throat

s ̣ ص the *rabic emphatic “s”

t ̣ ط the *rabic emphatic “t”


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li%e the English /%/ but pronounced further bac% in the throat

! li%e the #ch$ in the 2erman “3ach4” some people use this sound tosay yech!

" li%e the x sound aboe, but pronounced using your oice bo54similar to the 'rench “r”

# li%e the English “h,” e5cept pronounce deep in the throat as a loudraspy whisper

$ $0his sound will be difficult at first .t can be appro5imated bypronouncing the #a$ in “fat” with the tongue against the bottom of themouth and from as deep in the throat as possible

Sedda

If -ou see a transcription character doubled) that #eans that a ,shedda is over that character in the Arabic script. "or ea#p!e) in the fo!!owing tab!e) -ou wi!! see how the transcription changes for

,shedda) and thus the pronunciation.

English

TranslationTranscription

Arabic

Script

woman mra ا

%&

time (as in6 “.$e seenhim one time”)

mrra '% ( &

$otice that these two words are spe!!ed different!- in the transcription. The word ,wo#an does nothave a shedda on the ,r in Arabic script) and that is wh- there is on!- one ,r in the transcription. The word ,ti#e does have a shedda in the Arabic script) and that is wh- the transcription doub!es the !etter

,r. These two words are pronounced differently, so you must pay attention to doubled letters intranscription. To !earn #ore about how we pronounce the shedda in Arabic) see page 1=


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# • Moroccan Arab$c

%ords & Syllables %$tout 'owels

So#eti#es -ou wi!! see s-!!ab!es or even who!e words without an- vowe!s written in the#. This isnor#a! in Moroccan Arabic. To the 4ng!ish spea2er) however) this see#s i#possib!e) since we havea!wa-s been taught that a!! words #ust contain a vowe! sound. +hich side is correctO +e!!) in a sensethe- both are. In rea!it-) it is indeed possib!e to pronounce consonants together without articu!ating a vowe! soundF we do it a !ot in 4ng!ish at the beginning of words. Thin2 about the word street. +epronounce three consonantsDs) t) and rDwithout an- vowe!s between the#. So it is possib!e. The on!-cha!!enge with Arabic is that the consonant co#binations are new for 4ng!ish spea2ers Hwe don@t putthe 8sh8 sound net to the 8#8 sound) for ea#p!e) but in Arabic the- do.

9owever) tr- for a #o#ent to pronounce only the !etters ,str) not the who!e word ,street. In thiscase) #ost 4ng!ish spea2ers wi!! hear so#ething that sounds like the word ,stir. +ith certainconsonant co#binations) that is to sa-) it sounds to the 4ng!ish spea2er !i2e there is a vowe! in the#idd!e) even if there isn@t. The ,vowe! is in rea!it- /ust the nor#a! sound #ade as one consonantsound transitions to another.

Part of !earning Moroccan Arabic is beco#ing co#fortab!e with new consonant co#binations andpracticing those co#binations without necessari!- p!acing a vowe! in the #idd!e. The transcription

words) -ou wi!! notice) on!- inc!ude characters for vowe!s when there rea!!- is a vowe! in the word. It#a- see# difficu!t at first) but it is better to accusto# -ourse!f to this as ear!- as -ou can.

%y Not (ust %r$te )s*+ A fina! point about the transcription. At ti#es it #a- see# over!- co#p!icated to so#eone beginningMoroccan Arabic. "or ea#p!e) wh- doesn@t it /ust use ,sh for the 8sh8 soundO The answer is thisEever- sound #ust have /ust a sing!e character to represent it. +h-O +e!!) in Arabic it is nor#a! forthe 8h8 sound to fo!!ow the 8s8 sound. If we used ,sh to represent the 8sh8 sound) there wou!d not bean- wa- to represent an 8s8 p!us 8h8 sound) because it too wou!d !oo2 !i2e ,sh. 3sing the s-#bo! š torepresent 8sh8 #a2es it possib!e to represent 8s8 p!us 8h8 and 8sh8 p!us 8h8 H-es) in Arabic both theseco#binations are used.

A!! of this concerns a !arger pointE the transcription system used in this book may appear complex atfirst, but it has been carefully thought out and in the end it is the easiest s-ste# possib!e. That said) thesooner -ou can #a2e the transition to reading Arabic script) the easier it wi!! be to pronounce Arabiccorrect!-.

This small character, which looks like a “w,”is the shedda That is why the transcriptionhas a doubled “r”


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Getting Started with Moroccan ArabicObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• greet people and introduce yourself • use independent pronouns to make simple sentences• use possessive pronouns to indicate possession

• distinguish between masculine and feminine nouns

GreetingsCultural Points

Greetings and farewe!!s Hgood b-es are two i#portant aspects of Moroccan !ife. Greetings arenot to be co#pared with the uic2 A#erican ,hi. It ta2es ti#e for two peop!e to echange differentuestions and answers which interest the# about each other) their fa#i!ies) and !ife in genera!.Greetings change fro# one region to another) both in the uestions posed and in the fashion of thegreeting Hi.e. sha2ing hands) 2issing chee2s head or hands) or putting one@s hand over one@s heart aftersha2ing hands.

If -ou greet a group of peop!e) then the wa- -ou greet the first person is the wa- -ou shou!d greet

ever-one in the group. &on@t be surprised if -ou are greeted b- a friend but he does not introduce -outo other peop!e with who# he #a- be ta!2ing. &o not be surprised if -ou are in a group and -ou are notgreeted as others are in the group Hpeop!e #a- be sh- to greet a stranger. It is a!so not necessar- togive an over!- detai!ed response to a greetingDon!- the usua! response is epected. "or ea#p!e) ,9oware -ouO reuires on!- a si#p!e ,"ine) than2s be to God.

How do people greet eachother in different cultures?

,reet$n- e.press$ons and appropr$ate responses

*6 7eace be upon you

36 *nd peace be upon you (too)

ssalamu $alaykumwa $alaykum ssalam

(م -. ) /0ا,+*و

-. )

/0*+,ا

*6 2ood morning

36 2ood morning

ṣbaн lxirṣbaн lxir

#

12 %

3,ا

#

12 %

3,ا

*6 2ood afternoon / eening

36 2ood afternoon / eening

msa lxirmsa lxir

+& %

3,ا

+& %

3,ا

name smiya 4 56

8hat$s your name9 šnu smitk? 789:; 56

my name smiti...


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• Moroccan Arab$c

your name smitk... :;

56

his name smitu... ; 56

her name smitha... =; 56

:ice to meet you mtšrfin > ?%@;&

;ow are you (masc)9 kif dayr? A B9%Cاد;ow are you (fem)9 kif dayra? A B9'%Cاد

*re you fine9 labas? D9س E

2ood, than%s be to 2od labas, lнamdullah D EF ) 5G,اH/,ا

2ood, than%s be to 2od bixir, lнamdullah % 3EF ) 5G,اH/,ا

Eerything is fine kulši bixir


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Exercise: Put this dialogue in the correct order.

Chris: ṣbaн lxir. # 12 % 3,ا fC%B6Amy: mtšrfin. >

?%@;&


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• Moroccan Arab$c

Possessie PronounsIn &ari/a) a suffi Hending #a- be added to the end of words in order to epress possession.

my i ya! /ـ > ـ

your (singular) k : ـhis u h! ـ/H ـ

her ha = ـ

our na 7 ـ

your (plural) kum -. ) ـ

their hum -= ) ـ

"or the ,#- and ,his for#s) the first ending is used for words ending in consonants) whi!e thesecond is used with words ending in vowe!s. "or ea#p!e) smiti H#- na#e) but xuya H#- brother.

4a#p!e of possessive pronouns with the noun ,boo2.

boo% ktab ;Bبmy boo% ktabi


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5. -our Hsing. tic2et 1(. their house

Masculine and "e#inine $ounsIn Arabic) a!! nouns are either #ascu!ine or fe#inine. In genera!) nouns ending in ,a Hthe si!ent ,t H'in Arabic script are fe#inine. "or ea#p!eE

name smiya 4 56city mdina 47CF&chic%en (a single one) d%a%a 4J Jدteleision tlfa&a 'kl/m

The fe#inine is for#ed fro# the #ascu!ine Hfor nouns indicating professions or particip!es b- adding,a Hthe si!ent ,t H' in Arabic script to the end of the word. "or ea#p!eE

male teacher ustad ( ;6د

female teacher ustada ( ;6د'

wor%ing (masc participle) xddam F ( nام

wor%ing (fem participle) xddama F ( nا&4So#e words without ,a Hthe si!ent ,t H' in Arabic script are nonethe!ess fe#inine. "irst) words andproper na#es which are b- their nature fe#inineE

mother om (م

*mal (girl$s name) amal o&

Second) #ost Hthough not a!! parts of the bod- that co#e in pairs are fe#inineE

an eye $in > 0a hand yd FCa foot r%l oJرan ear udn ودن

Third) a s#a!! nu#ber of nouns which do not fa!! into an- categor- and -et are fe#inineE

the house ḍḍar ا,Fارthe sun ššms f5@,ا

MNOPQRNSTUSVP XYZSP[YN \ QYY TO]Y ̂ _VN Ù Y _abb UOcbY dSÙ Obb UNOPQRNSTUSVP R̀ ONORUYNQe /Ethe /"h/ sound, li%e the #s$ in the ?emember that if two characters in a row areword “pleasure”the

same, a “shedda” is used, and we pronounce$Eee page


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%escribing &ourself Objective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• ask and answer questions about nationalities, cities, age, and marital status• use the possessive word “dyal” to indicate possession• use demonstrative pronouns and adjectives in simple sentences

• ask questions about possession

Cultural Points Avoid as2ing about the sa!ar- and age Hso#eti#es of peop!e) especia!!- wo#en. Men shou!d not

enuire about the wives or other fe#a!e re!ations of so#eoneDthis cou!d be seen as epressing aninappropriate interest. Peop!e won@t a!wa-s te!! -ou about their /obs and other persona! concerns if notas2ed. ?e!igion can be a sensitive issue and so#eti#es peop!e are not wi!!ing to epress their views.

$ationalities' (ities' and Marital Status'ocabulary and 5.press$ons

8here are you (masc) from9 mnin nta? > 7&9KL

8here are you (fem) from9 mnin nti? > 7&9KL

. am from the B ana mn mirikan. L >& .C%&

. am *merican ana mirikani'ya(. L 6' & %p5,ا

. am oroccan ana m)ribi'ya(. L 6' &9واش

8here are you from in the B9 mnin ntanti f mirikan? > 7&KL/KL9ن .C%&

*nd you9 u ntanti? KL/9KLو

city mdina 47CF&

state wilaya 4CDو

big (fem) kbira '% 1B

small (fem) ṣ)ira '% p2

E5cuse me (to man / woman) smн li smнi li q56


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0$alo-ue

+atima:ssalamu $alaykum. (م -. ) /0ا,+* 45v ?6

om:wa $alaykum ssalam. و

-. )

/0*+,ا

م

v6+atima:smн li, weš nta fransawi? q56


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89 • Moroccan Arab$c

his / his dyalu , Cد

her / hers dyalha =, Cد

our / ours dyalna 7, Cد

your / yours dyalkum -. ) , Cد

their / theirs dyalhum -= ) , Cد

As the !ist above shows) the for#s dyali) dyalk) etc. a!so #ean ,#ine) ,-ours) etc.

0his pen is mine had sstilo dyali. Fg / ;+,ا


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%e#onstratie Ad-ecties %e#onstratie PronounsThis) that) these) and those are used often in Arabic) !i2e in 4ng!ish. But) un!i2e in 4ng!ish) in Arabic we#ust be aware of whether the- act as ad/ectives or pronouns. Thin2 about how we use these words in4ng!ish. So#eti#es) we use the# before a noun. +hen we use the# before a noun) the- are ca!!edde#onstrative ad/ectives.

This car is John’s. I like these towels.I want that book. Those flowers smell lovely.

So#eti#es) we use the# b- the#se!ves. In this case) the- are ca!!ed de#onstrative pronouns.This is John’s. I like these.I want that. Those smell lovely.

It isn@t necessar- to 2now their na#es) but it is necessar- to pa- attention to whether the- are before anoun or not. Let@s first !oo2 at the pronoun for#s in Arabic) which -ou wi!! use often even as a beginner.

0e"onstrat$:e Pronouns

this (masc) hada Fgا

this (fem) hadi Fgي

these (plur) hadu Fgو

that (masc) hadak Fgاك

that (fem) hadik :CFg

those (plur) haduk Fgوك

These for#s #a- be used at the beginning of a sentence) in the #idd!e or at the end of a sentence) or inuestions. In Arabic) these pronouns can represent peop!e.

0his is a chair hada kursi. (Fg


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8# • Moroccan Arab$c

hada wld 'mas5. sin".( m&yan 'mas5. sin".(

ا

Fg F,و ن

Ck&hadi bnt 'fem. sin".( m&yanin 'mas5. 6lur.(

ي

Fg K7E > L Ck&hadu $hwa 'fem. sin".( m&yana 'fem. sin".(

Fgو ' =s 4L Ck&hadak wlad 'mas5. 6lur.( m&yanat 'fem. 6lur.(اك

Fgد

Dو & L Ckت

hadik ra%l 'mas5. sin".( kbir 'mas5. sin".(

:CFg oJار % 1Bhaduk ḍar 'fem. sin".( kbira 'fem. sin".(

وك

Fgدار

'%

1B$yalat 'fem. 6lur.( kbar 'mas5.fem. 6lur.(D 0ت 1Bرmdina 'fem. sin".( frнan 'mas5. sin".(

47CF& ن

h%?

bnat 'fem. 6lur.( frнanin 'mas5. 6lur.(ت

7E >

L

h%?blad 'mas5. sin".( frнana 'fem. sin".(

د

*E 4L

h%?frнanat 'fem. 6lur.(

ت

L

h%?

0e"onstrat$:e Ad;ect$:es

this/these (masc / fem / plur) had Fg

that (masc) dak داك

that (fem) dik :Cد

those (plur) duk دوك

As -ou can see) the this/these for# Hhad is the sa#e for #ascu!ine) fe#inine) and p!ura!. "or a!! thede#onstrative ad/ectives) -ou #ust use the definite artic!e in front of the nouns that fo!!ow the#. This#eans using an ,l in front of ,#oon !etters or doub!ing the first !etter of ,sun !etters Hsee page 1=7.

this man had rra%l FgoJا %,اthis woman had lmra Fg %5,ا

these men had rr%al Fg J%,اthese women had l $yalat FgD I,ا

MNOPQRNSTUSVP XYZSP[YN \ QYY TO]Y ̂ _VN Ù Y _abb UOcbY dSÙ Obb UNOPQRNSTUSVP R̀ ONORUYNQeKEthe /sh/ sound as in “she”aEthe #a$ in “father” or the #a$ in “mad”Ethe #ch$ in the 2erman “3ach” ortheiEthe #ee$ in “meet”cottish “loch” ee page


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Peace Corps / Morocco • 8<

0his city is big had lmdina kbira. Fg47CF5,ا'% 1B 0hat house is big dik ḍḍar kbira. :CداF,ا'% 1B

Tal=$n- about a ,eneral S$tuat$on

So#eti#es in 4ng!ish) we use the words this and that to ta!2 about genera! situations) not about specific

things.Some of the students are always late for class. I don’t like that.

In Arabic) different epressions are used for these #eanings.

this (general situation) had šši Fgداك

After so#e eperience hearing native spea2ers) -ou shou!d be ab!e to 2now when to use the nor#a!de#onstrative pronouns and when to use these epressions. So#e ea#p!esE

8hat is this9 (this thing, thisobect)

aš hada? ش

9ا

Fg

8hat is this9 (situation, affair) aš had šši? ا,@>Fg9ش. want that (that thing, thatobect)

b)it hadak. K

pEا

Fg

0hat$s what . want (a situationor outcome)

dak šši lli b)it. داك


19/193


:o, it$s not his lla, maši dyalu. D&Fg9د Cل0his house is ali%a$s had ḍḍar dyal Malika. Fg

ا

F,ا

Cد

4.

/&

.s this house ali%a$s9weš had ḍḍar dyalMalika?

&/ 94. د Cا,FاFgواش

Ges, it$s hers iyeh, dyalha. HCx =, Cد

Exercise: As/ a 0uestion about possession for each picture. Then' gie the correctanswer. The first one is done for +ou.

weK had ddar ̣ ̣d-a! Ma!i2aO

i-eh)d-a!ha.

8: dyal mn had l9bisklit?A: had l9bisklit dyal 7assan.

$assan

9K /.+1,ا Fg >& د Cل ل

Cد

K

/.+1,ا

Fg>+h

Said8: ?A: -aid. _______________ 9

____________ F I6

8: ?A: Ahmed.

Ahmed

_______________ 9 ____________ F5h

8: ?A: A&i&.

A%i%

_______________ 9 ____________ kCk0

9

9

9


20/193


9


21/193

!seful Expressions9ere are so#e epressions to he!p -ou with ho#esta-) trave!) and other situations where -our !anguage#a- not -et be at a point where -ou are ab!e to co##unicate we!! in Moroccan Arabic. If -ou fo!!ow thepronunciation of the transcriptions) Moroccans shou!d understand -ou. More epressions can befound in the appendi. See page 157.

Mealt$"e 5.press$ons

.n the name of 2od (said when youbegin an actiity6 eating, drin%ing,

wor%ing, studying, traeling, etc)bismillah -+EH/,

ا

0han%s to 2od (said after finishing ameal, or after e5pressing that all is well

in life)lнamdullah F ) 5G,اH/,ا

. don$t eat meat

eggs

fish

chic%en

makanakulš...llнm lbiḍ

lнut dd%a%

&y/B

7B-G/,/ا,/ Gا,/z 1ا

ا, JFج

. drin% tea / coffee without sugarkanšrb atay l$hwa blaskkar. ب

%@7B

m /' ={,ا*E %.6

. eat eerything kanakul kulši. oB 7B


22/193


5.press$ons for N$-tt$"e / Sleep$n-

.$m tired (male spea%er) ana $iyan. L ( 0

.$m tired (female spea%er) ana $iyana.

L

4L( 0

. want to read a little bit b)it n$ra šwiya. K pE %{L4C 8

. want to go to bed b)it nn $s. K pEfIL( 8here . am going to sleep9 fin )adi nn $s. > ?د |9fIL(

E5cuse me, . want to go to bed(addressing a group of people)

smнu li, b)it nmši nn$s. G56


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9B • Moroccan Arab$c

esponses to Proble"s/0$ff$cult$es/Apolo-$es

.t$s not a problem maši muškil. C Bo.@&)

Con-ratulat$ons

Congratulations mbruk & %1وك

;appy holiday mbruk l $id. وك

%1&F

I,ا

ay 2od grant you grace(response to the aboe)

lla ybark fik. H/,ار 1C: ?

Co""un$cat$on

. don$t understand mafhmtš. &y;5=?

. don$t %now man $rf. & %IL

lowly please b šwiya $afak. 4C 8 l0ب

?epeat please (to a man) $awd $afak. ود

0

l0

?epeat please (to a woman) $awdi $afak. 0 l0ودي

8hat did you say9 šnu "lti? 789


24/193

$u#eralsObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to :• count in Moroccan Arabic• combine numbers with nouns to indicate amounts• ask and answer questions about time

+hen we ta!2 about nu#era!s) we want to be ab!e to do two things. "irst) we have to be ab!e to count.That is) we have to !earn our nu#bers. Second) we have to be ab!e to use the nu#bers with ob/ects. Inother words) we have to be ab!e to sa- things !i2e ,five app!es or ,twent-seven students or ,onehundred fort-three vo!unteers.

In 4ng!ish) we never thin2 of these two tas2s separate!-. +e si#p!- use a nu#ber in co#bination withthe p!ura! for# of so#e ob/ect. In Arabic) however) we have to !earn how to co#bine different nu#bers with ob/ects) so#eti#es using a p!ura! for#) so#eti#es a singu!ar) so#eti#es with a !etter in betweenthe two) so#eti#es not. As in a!! things Arabic) what see#s difficu!t now beco#es natura! with ti#e.

(ardinal $u#bers*ardina! nu#bers refer to the nor#a! nu#bers we use Hone) two) three.... The- are different thanordina! nu#bers Hfirst) second) third... and fractions Honeha!f) onethird) onefourth.... "or now) westart with the cardina! nu#bers. +e wi!! wor2 with ordina! nu#bers and fractions !ater.

Nu"bers 8 tru 8BIn Moroccan Arabic) there are two wa-s to co#bine the nu#bers thru 1( with an ob/ect. +eso#eti#es use the ,fu!! or nor#a! for# of the nu#ber) and so#eti#es we use a ,short for# of thenu#ber. 9ere is a tab!e !isting the fu!! for# of nu#bers 1 thru 1( and the short for# of nu#bers thru1(.

&ull &orms Short &orms

one (masc) waнd Fhاو I Ione (fem) wнda 'Fhو I I

two %u% Jج I I

three tlata 4m*m tlt K/m

four rb $a 4IEر rb $ tEر

fie xmsa 4+5n xms f5n

si5 stta 4; ( 6 stt K ( 6

seen sb $a 4I16 sb $ t16

eight tmnya 4 75m tmn >5mnine ts $ud I+mد ts $ t+m

ten $šra '%@0 $šr %@0


25/193


"or the nu#bers thru 1() we co#bine the full form of a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE

number (full form) + d (د) + plural noun with definite article

"or the nu#bers thru 1() we co#bine the short form of a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE

number (short form) + plural noun (no definite article)

Eight boo%s (using full form) tmnya d lktub 4 75m ;.,ا'ie dirhams (using full form) xmsa d ddrahm 4+5n -gارF,ا'ie dirhams (using short form) xms drahm f5n -gارد

The nu#bers one and two have so#e specia! ua!ities.

The nu#ber one Hwaнd/wнda differs fro# a!! other nu#bers because in Arabic) it acts

!i2e an ad/ective. This #eans that it co#es after a noun) !i2e other ad/ectives) and that it#ust agree in gender with the noun) !i2e other ad/ectives.

one boo% (boo% is masc) ktab waнd وا ;BFhبone girl (girl is fem) bnt wнda K7E'Fhو

So#eti#es) -ou #a- hear waнd Hnot wнda used before a noun. In this case) it is not acting as anu#ber) but rather as an indefinite artic!e H!i2e the 4ng!ish ,a or ,an. &on@t worr- about it now) /ust be aware of it.

a boo% waнd lktab Fhاو ;.,اa girl waнd lbnt FhاوK71,ا

The nu#ber two Hjuj can be used as a fu!! or short for# with p!ura! nouns.

two boo%s %u% d lktub ا,.; J جtwo boo%s %u% ktub J ;Bج

9owever) when two is part of a co#pound nu#ber Has in twent- two) a different for# is used. 9ere) we use the for# tnayn H> 7m. This wi!! be shown in the section on nu#bers fro# 6( thru %%.

Dual noun formsIn 4ng!ish) nouns have a singu!ar and a p!ura! for#. In Arabic) nouns a!so have a singu!ar and p!ura!for#) but a s#a!! nu#ber of nouns a!so have a dual form. The dua! for# is used for these nouns when

we refer to two of so#ething. "or nouns that have a dua! for#) therefore) we don@t use juj. The dua!for# inc!udes the idea of ,two. The dua! for# is usua!!- #ade b- adding ,ayn to the end of thesingu!ar for#. In the fo!!owing tab!es) the first three ea#p!es have dua! for#s) but the !ast two arenor#a! and therefore use their p!ura! for#.

Singular &orm Dual &orm

day yum Cم yumayn > & C

month šhr %=8 šhrayn >C%=8

year $am 0م $amayn > & 0

But...

ZY[SOUYVTSR


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Singular &orm "lural &orm

wee% simana 4L 5 6 %u% d ssimanat Jجا,+ L 5 ت

minute d$i$a 4{ sد %u% d$ay$ د JC sج

Nu"bers 88 tru 84The nu#bers 11 thru 1% do not have a short for#. n!- nu#bers thru 1( have a short for#.

eleen нḍaš }hش

twele ṭnaš 7vش

thirteen tlṭaš r/mش

fourteen rb $ṭaš ر rIEش

fifteen xmsṭaš r+5nش

si5teen sṭṭaš rش

( 6

seenteen sb $ṭaš rI16ش

eighteen tmnṭaš r75mش

nineteen ts $ṭaš rI+mش

"or nu#bers 11 thru 1%) we can co#bine a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE

number + + singular noun (no definite article)

si5teen years sṭṭaš r $am r ( 6 0شsi5teen years sṭṭaš l $am r ( 6 0شeighteen girls tmnṭaš r bnt r75mK7Eشeighteen girls tmnṭaš l bnt r75mK7Eش

Nu"bers 9BD 3BD #B 111 44"or a #u!tip!e of ten H6() () =( etc. in Arabic) we si#p!- use the na#e for that nu#ber) !i2e in4ng!ish. "or nu#bers such as 61) 66) or 6) however) it is not !i2e 4ng!ish. In Arabic) the ,ones digit is

pronounced first) fo!!owed b- the word ,and) then fo!!owed b- the ,tens digit. "or ea#p!e) in Arabicthe nu#ber 61 is !itera!!- ,one and twent- whi!e the nu#ber =7 is !itera!!- ,seven and fort-. A!so)re#e#ber that for the nu#bers 66) 6) =6) 56) C%@0

twentyone

literally6 one and twentywaнd u $šrin Fh

وا

>C%@0

twentytwo

literally6 two and twenty?emember6 “tnayn,” not “juj”

tnayn u $šrin >

7m>C%@0

r Hر

or

! Hل

Yes — the singular!In Arabic, the pluralform is only used fornumbers 2 thru 10.The singular is usedfor eerything else!


27/193


twentythree

literally6 three and twentytlata u $šrin 4m*m>C%@0

twentyfour rb $a u $šrin 4IEر>C%@0

thirty tlatin > m*m

thirtyone waнd u tlatin Fhاو> m*mthirtytwo tnayn u tlatin > 7m> m*m

thirtythree tlata u tlatin 4m*m> m*m

forty rb $in > IEر

fortyone waнd u rb $in Fhاو> IEر

fortytwo tnayn u rb $in > 7m> IEر

fifty xmsin > +5n

si5ty sttin > ; ( 6

seenty sb $in > I16eighty tmanin > L 5m

ninety ts $in > I+m

ninetynine ts $ud u ts $in I+m> I+mد

"or nu#bers 6( thru %%) we can co#bine a nu#ber and a noun !i2e thisE

number + singular noun (no definite article)

fortytwo years tnayn u rb $in $am > 7m> IEر 0

ninety dirhams ts $in drhm > I+m-gردthirtyeight boo%s tmnya u tlatin ktab 4 75m> m*m ;B

Nu"bers 8BBD 9BBD 3BB 111 444

The Arabic word for 1(( is miya. "or 6(() there is a dua! for# of miyatayn. "or (( thru %(() we usethe short for# of the nu#bers thru % p!us miya. "or nu#bers such as 1(7 or 657) we wi!! use theappropriate #u!tip!e of 1(( fo!!owed b- the word ,and and then the rest of the nu#ber. So#eea#p!esE

one hundred miya 4 ـ( ـ &

one hundred oneliterally6 one hundred and one miya u waнd 4 ( &Fhاوone hundred twoliterally6 one hundred and two

miya u %u% 4 ( & J

one hundred tenliterally6 one hundred and ten

miya u $šra 4 ( &'%@0

one hundred eleen miya u нḍaš 4 ( & }h

one hundred twentyoneliterally6 one hundred and one andtwenty

miya u waнd u $šrin 4 ( &Fhاو>C%@0


28/193


one hundred twentytwoliterally6 one hundred and two andtwenty

miya u tnayn u $šrin 4 ( &> 7m>C%@0

one hundred ninetynine miya u ts $ud u ts $in 4 ( & I+m> I+m

two hundred miyatayn ـ < ـ ; ـi ـ &

two hundred fiftyseenliterally6 two hundred and seenand fifty

miyatayn u sb $a uxmsin

>

; i &4I16> +5n

three hundred tlt miya K/m4 ( &

three hundred fortyfieliterally6 three hundred and fie andforty

tlt miya u xmsa u rb$in K/m4 ( &4+5n> IEر

four hundred rb $ miya tEر4 ( &

fie hundred xms miya f5n4 ( &

si5 hundred stt miya K ( 64 ( &seen hundred sb $ miya t164 ( &

eight hundred tmn miya >5m4 ( &

nine hundred ts $ miya t+m4 ( &

nine hundred ninetyninets $ miya u ts $ud u ts$in t+m4 ( & I+m> I+m

Exact #u!tip!es of 1(( H1(() (() =(() etc. > not 17 or 67 are co#bined with a noun !i2e thisE

number +t (ت

) + singular nounfour hundred chairs rb $ miyat kursi tEر4 ( &L”)

stt miya u sb $a u xmsinktab K ( 64 ( &4I16> +5n ;B

Exercise: Match the nu#ber with the correct Arabic translation.

IEرK ts $ud u sttin I+m> ; ( 6د +5n

I16 I+mL> нḍaš

}hش


29/193


@M miya u sb $a u tlatin 4 ( &4I16> m*m@ %u% Jج

Nu"bers 8BBBD 9BBBD 3BBB 111

The word for ,thousand has the singu!ar for# alf) the dua! for# alfayn) and the p!ura! for# alaf.The p!ura! for# is used with the short for# of the nu#bers thru 1( fro# , thousand to ,1(thousand. Then we return to the singu!ar for# H!i2e we do for a!! Arabic nouns. Li2e the word for,hundred) it is fo!!owed b- ,and when the nu#ber is not an eact #u!tip!e of 1((( He.g. 1(67 or=7. "ro# 1((( onwardE

one thousand alf A,

one thousand one alf u waнd A, Fhاو

one thousand fifteen alf u xmsṭaš A, r+5n

one thousand three hundredsi5tyseen (literally6 one

thousand and three hundred andseen and si5ty)

alf u tlt miya u sb $a

u sttin

A,

K/m4 ( &4I16> ; ( 6

two thousand alfayn > l,

two thousand twentytwoalfayn u tnayn u$šrin > l, > 7m>C%@0

three thousand tlt alaf K/mD

three thousand seenhundred and fifty

tlt alaf u sb $ miya uxmsin

K/mD t164 ( &> +5n

four thousand rb $ alaf tEرD

fie thousand xms alaf f5nD

si5 thousand stt alaf K ( 6D

seen thousand sb $ alaf t16D

eight thousand tmn alaf >5mD

nine thousand ts $ alaf t+mD

nine thousand nine hundredninetynine

ts $ alaf u ts $ miya uts $ud u ts $in

t+mD

t+m4 ( & I+m

>

I+m

ten thousand $šr alaf %@0D

eleen thousand нḍaš r alf , }hAش

two hundred thousand miyatayn alf > ; i &A,

MMM,MMM

ts $ miya u ts $ud uts $in alf u ts $ miyau ts $ud u ts $in

t+m4 ( & I+m> I+mA,

t+m4 ( & I+m> I+m

Exact #u!tip!es of 1((( can be co#bined with nouns in two wa-sE

number + singular nounr...


30/193


number + d ( ) + plural noun with definite article

fie thousand boys xms alaf wld f5nD F,وfie thousand boys xms alaf d lwlad f5nD D ,ا

$u#bers !arger than 1((( that are not eact #u!tip!es of 1((( are co#bined with nouns according to

the ru!es for the fina! digits) as -ou saw with nu#bers that were not eact #u!tip!es of 1((.

Ear-er Nu"bers

Singular "lural

million(s) mlyun &/ ن mlayn >C*&

billion(s) mlyar &/ ر mlayr %C*&

Exercise: (orrectl+ co#bine nu#bers with nouns b+ filling in the blan/s usingthe following nu#bers and an+ necessar+ letters: 1' 2' 3' 12' 45' 655' or

1555. There #a+ be #ore than one correct answer for each.

2 d lbnat (the girls) ا, 71ت A د

ḍar (house) دار

stilu (pen) / ;6

drhm (dirham) -gردmutaṭawwi$ (olunteer) $„ r;&)r%al (men) ر Jل

ustad(teacher)

;6د)

oṭil (hotel) o vو)

ma"ana (watch) 4L j&

l $yalat (the women) ا,D Iت

7rdinal $u#bers 8 "ractions!rd$nal Nu"bers

"or nu#bers 1 thru 16) there is a separate for# for cardina! and ordina! nu#bers. "ro# 1 on there isno difference between the cardina! and ordina! nu#ber.

first lluwl ا,/ )ل

second tteni &

;,ا


31/193


ninth ttas $ t6 ;,ا

tenth l $ašr %8 I,ا

eleenth lнaḍš y… G,ا

twelfth ṭṭanš yL r,ا

rdina! nu#bers act !i2e ad/ectives) and therefore #ust agree in gender and nu#ber with the nounthe- describe. Listed are the #ascu!ine singu!ar for#s. To #a2e the fe#inine for#) add a H' to theordina! nu#ber. To #a2e it p!ura!) add in H>C.

'asculine &eminine "lural

firstlluwl lluwla lluwlin

ا,/ ل 4, /,ا > , /,ا

thirdttalt ttalta ttaltin

K,

;,ا

4;,

;,ا

>

;,

;,ا

@ract$ons

half nṣ †L

third tulut K/ ) m)

fourth rubu $ rb $ tE)ر)/tEر

Ti#eTo epress ti#e) we use the de#onstrative pronoun hadi and the appropriate nu#ber with the definite

article Hsee page 1=7 for #ore info on the definite artic!e. This #eans that for 1E(() 5E(() 1(E(() and11E(() we wi!! use the !etter l Hل before the nu#ber) whi!e for the others) we wi!! doub!e the firstconsonant.

one lwнda 'Fh ,ا seen ssb $a 4I1+,ا

two %%u% ا,‚ ج eight ttmnya 4 75;,ا

three ttlata 4m*;,ا nine tts $ud ا,;+ Iد

four rrb $a 4IE%,ا ten l $šra '%@I,ا

fie lxmsa ا,4+53 eleen lнḍaš ا, }Gش

si5 sstta ا,+ ) ;4 twele ṭṭnaš ا, 7rش

Li2e in 4ng!ish) Arabic uses certain words to epress things !i2e ,uarter to five) ,ha!f past seven) etc.

before $l os twenty minutes tulut K/ ) m)

and u و half nṣ †L

e5actly nišan @ Lن -uarter to lla rob D(ر)-uarter rb $ tEر fie minutes $ṣm -•s

ten minutes $ṣmayn > 5•s


32/193


So#e ea#p!es of as2ing and answering about ti#eE

8hat time is it9 šнal hadi f ssa $a? ا,+ G8Fg940ل.t is e5actly one o$cloc% hadi lwнda nišan. @ Lا, Fg'Fhي .t is fie minutes past two hadi %%u% u $ṣm. -•sا,‚ Fgي .t is ten minutes past three hadi ttlata u $ṣmayn. > 5•sا,;*Fg4mي .t is a -uarter past four hadi rrb $a u rb $. رtEا,%Fg4IEي .t is twenty minutes past fie hadi lxmsa u tulut. (K/ ) mا,Fg4+53ي

.t is twentyfie minutes past si5hadi sstta u xmsa u$šrin. 4+5n>C%@0ا,+ ) ;Fg4ي

.t is seen thirty hadi ssb $a u nṣ. †Lا,+Fg4I1ي

.t is eight thirtyfiehadi tmnya u xmsa utlatin. ي

Fg4

75;,ا

4+5n>

m*m

.t is twenty minutes to nine hadi tts $ud $l tulut. (osK/ ) mا,;+Fg Iي

.t is a -uarter to ten hadi l $šra lla rob. (ر)Dا,Fg'%@Iي

.t is ten minutes to eleen hadi lнḍaš $l $ṣmayn. os> 5•sا,Fg }Gي

.t is fie minutes to twele hadi ṭṭnaš $l $ṣm. ي

Fg

7r,ا

os-•s @6AJ * sstta u nṣd ṣ ṣbaн ا,•†L# 1ا,+ ) ;4>6 7 lxmsa u rb $ d l $šiya ا,4 @IرtEا,4+53

Exercise: Match the ti#es with the correct Arabic translation.


33/193

3B • Moroccan Arab$c

Exercise: Gie the ti#e in Arabic for each cloc/ or watch.


34/193

Getting Started ShoppingObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• convert between dirhams, ryals, and franks• buy items you need from a store• use the verb “b a” in simple sentences to indicate a desire‡• indicate the presence or absence or someone or something with “kayn”

Mone+lflus ا, /lس

+hen converting r-a!s to dirha#s) divide b- 6(.e.g. 1(( r-a!sE 1(( F 6( Q 5 &9.

"ro# fran2s to r-a!s) divide b- 5. "or ea#p!e) 6(( fran2s F 5 Q =( r-a!s."ro# fran2s to dirha#s) divide b- 1((. "or ea#p!e) 6(( fran2s F 1(( Q 6 &9."ro# r-a!s to dirha#s) divide b- 6(. "or ea#p!e) =( r-a!s F 6( Q 6 &9."ro# r-a!s to fran2s) #u!tip!- b- 5. "or ea#p!e) =( r-a!s G 5 Q 6(( fran2s."ro# dirha#s to r-a!s) #u!tip!- b- 6(. "or ea#p!e) 6 &9 G 6( Q =( r-a!s.

"ro# dirha#s to fran2s) #u!tip!- b- 1((. "or ea#p!e) 6 &9 G 1(( Q 6(( fran2s.

Exercise: (onert the #one+ a#ounts.1. *onvert to dirha#s

5 r-a! 15( r-a!


35/193


At the 9anoot'ocabulary

store нanut L hت peanuts kaw kaw B Bو

store %eeper mul lнanut ا, & L Gل almonds llu& ا,/ ز

soda lmonada ا, L 5دا bottle l$r $a ا,}40%

chocolate ššklaṭ ا,@.*ط bottle of water $r $a d lma 40%s 5,ا

candies lнlwa ' /G,ا Nleene5 kliniks f.7/B

gum lmska ا,5+.4 toilet paper 66a6iyi%inik


36/193


Ho you hae change9 weš $ndk ṣṣrf? ا,•% فF709واش

Ho you hae change for 9 weš $ndk ṣṣrf dyal..? 1119د Cا,•% F70واش

Liter

liter itru %mxو

O liter rubu $ itru tE)ر) %mx

P liter nṣitru †L %mx

< liter waнd itru Fhاو %mx

K liters %u% itru J %mxج

. want P a liter of mil% b)it nṣitru d lнlib. K pE†L %mx~ /G,ا

0$alo-ue


37/193


you want (sing) b)iti


38/193


2. šnu b)a Chris? A 78ŒpE9fC%B

;a+n for *There is,The words kayn) kayna) and kaynin are actua!!- the particip!es for the verb ,to be. In &ari/a)however) we use the# #ost often in the sense of ,there is or ,there are.

Affirmativethere is (masc sing) kayn >C B

there is (fem sing) kayna 47C B

there are (plur) kaynin > 7C B

Negative

there is not (masc sing) makaynš &y7C B

there is not (fem sing) makaynaš & 7C B

there are not (plur) makayninš &y7 7C B

Hriss is at home kayn 3riss f ḍḍar. >C BfCرداF,ا .s there water in the bottle9 weš kayn lma f l$r $a? ا,}940%ا,>C B 5واش0om is not at the cafQ makaynš om f l$hwa. &y7C B v' ={,ا 0here is food in the fridge kayna lmakla f ttla%a. 47C B4/B 5,ا4J*;,ا 0here are many boo%s on thetable

kaynin b&&af d lktub fu$ṭbla.

> 7C Bا k ( E~; ) .,ا ?4/1r,ا


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"a#il+Objective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• describe family members• use the verb “to have” in simple sentences

Cultural Points"a#i!- ties are ver- strong in Morocco. *hi!dren re#ain in touch or !ive with the fa#i!- even ifthe- get #arried Hta2ing into consideration space avai!ab!e within the house. Men are not epected tohe!p in the 2itchen. ?o!es of #en and wo#en #a- differ in the cit- and in the countr-.

"a#il+ Me#bers'ocabulary

woman/wife mra &% ا inlaw(s) nsib nsab ~ +L/ +L

man/husband ra%l oJار stepson rbib ~ Eر

girl/daughter bnt K7E stepdaughter rbiba 41 Eر

boy/son wld F,و grandfather %dd F ( J

girls/daughters bnat 7Eت grandmother %dda 'F ( J

boys/sons/children

wlad د

Dو uncle (paternal) $mm - ( 0

the parents lwalidin >CF,ا ,ا aunt (paternal) $mma 45 ( 0

uncle (maternal) xal nل

the father l*ab ا ب These forms arerarely used inoroccan Arabic.

"ometimes theyare used #ith$dyal.% ore often, #e use the forms$my father, $my sister,% etc.

aunt (maternal) xala 4, n

the mother l*om ( م ا my nephew

(brother$s side)wld xuya F,

و

C

n

the brother l*ax !ا my niece(brother$s side)

bnt xuya K7E C

n

the sister l*oxt Kn) ا my nephew(sister$s side)

wld xti F,و


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my father bba E( my mother mmi


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she has $ndha gF70

we hae $ndna LF70

you hae (plur) $ndkum -B) F70

they hae $ndhum -g) F70

oha and 'atima hae twodaughters and a son

Moha u +atima $ndhum %u%bnat u wld.

Œh

&45v

?-g)F70 J 7E F,و

8e hae a good teacher $ndna ustad m&yan. LF70 ;6 ) Ck&

To negate the verb) use ma ... š H &111 .

Ho you hae a house inorocco9

weš $ndk ḍar f lm)rib? ا, %p5ب9داF70واش

:o, . don$t . hae a house inthe B

lla, ma $ndiš. $ndi ḍarf mirikan.

D &1F70 yCF70اد .C%&

Exercise: Put the erb *nd, in the correct for#.0. xti 1= $am.


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Exercise: Put sentences A thru I in the correct order for this letter fro# ;ari# toTo#.

ṣaнbi om,


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%irectionsObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• use prepositions to describe the locations of objects• give and receive directions to places around town

Prepositionsto / for l ل until нtta l Œ; ( h

in / at f ف aboe / on fu$ ?

from mn >& below / under tнt KGm

with (someone) m $a t& in front of $ddam F ( sام

with / by / bymeans of

b ب facing m$abl m $a oE {&t&

without bla *E behind mura & راon / about $la Œ/0 ne5t to нda Fhا

between bin > E before $bl o1s

of, belonging to d dyal د/ Cد after b $d FIE

Exercise: fin l/ora


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Peace Corps / Morocco • #8

%irections

'ocabulary

hotel loṭil o v , hospital /

health center

ssbiṭar ر

r

1+,ا

post office lbosṭa 4r6 1,ا pharmacy lfrmasyan ا, +&%lن

train station la"ar D ƒ mos-ue %%am $ t& ‚,ا

bus stationlmaнṭṭa dlkiran

4r ( G5,ا ا,. % ان public phone ttelebutik : m 1 /;,ا

city bus stoplmaнṭṭa dṭṭubisat

4r ( G5,ا ا, + E rت store lнanut ا, L Gت

ban% lbanka ا,4.71 aenue ššari $ ا,@ ر$

public bath lнmmam ا, 5 ( Gم street &&n$a 4{Lk,ا

restaurant rrisṭora ا,% r+Cر' alley ddrb ا,FربcafQ l$hwa ' ={,ا far (from) b $id 'mn( F IE6>& )

cyber cafQ ssiber %1 +,ا close (to) $rib 'mn( ~C%s6>& )

school lmdrasa ا,F5ر46 here hna 7g

wee%ly mar%et ssu$ +,ا there tmma 5 ( m

5.press$ons

8here is please9 fin kayn'a( ... $afak. >

?111 7 6 l0 ' >C B

.s there a close9 weš kayn'a( ši ...$rib'a(? واش7 65 ر

0urn left ḍur $l lisr. , …o0 %+ ر

2o ahead a bit &id šwiya l $ddam. FCز4C 8اF ( {,

7ass the first street fut &&n$a lluwla. ا,/ 4,ا, ?4{Lkت

0he Knd street, yes &&n$a tenya iyeh. 4{Lk,ا4 L ;,اHCx


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#9 • Moroccan Arab$c

0$alo-ue

Jason u rahim f lmaнṭṭa d lkiran. ن

+C

Jد

-

gا

%E4r ( G5,اا

%

.,ا

Jason: ssalamu $alaykum. (م -. ) /0ا,+* 6د +C Jن

rahim: wa $alaykum ssalam. ا,+*-. ) /0و - gا %E6

Jason: fin la"ar $afak? > ? ƒD9ك l0ن

+C

Jد

6

rahim: sir nišan нtta l &&n$attalta u ḍur $l lisr, umn b $d &id nišan нtta llbar u ḍur $l limn.tmma la"ar.

%

6

@

LŒ; ( h4{Lk,ا4;, ;,ا ر

…o0 %+

,>&FIEFCز

@

L Œ; ( h 1,ا …o0 1 5 ( m >5 ,D ر

ƒ

-

gا

%E6

Jason: barak llah u fik. رك

EH/,ا

:

? 6د +C Jنrahim: kattkllm l $rbiya m&yanG -/ ( .; ( B4 E%I,ا Ck& R - gا %E6Jason: šwiya u ṣafi. 4C 8


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Past EentsObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• talk about past activities with regular and irregular verbs• talk about what you did not do using negative sentences• ask about past experiences (Have you ever...) and respond (I’ve never...)

• use object pronouns with verbs• ask varied questions with different question words

Ti#e ocabular+Before we begin the past tense) !et@s !earn so#e words that wi!! he!p us describe when past events too2p!ace. Then we wi!! be read- to ta!2 about so#e of our past activities.

0ays of te %ee=

day yum nhar C/ =Lم 0uesday ttlat ’

*“,ا,;*6ا )

wee% simana 4L 5 6 8ednesday larb $ ’ IEر ا6tE%,ا )

unday lнdd Fhا6F ( G,ا ) 0hursday lxmis f 53,اonday ltnin > 7mا6> 7;,ا ) 'riday %%m $a 4I5‚,ا

aturday ssbt K1+,ا

Monts of te Year

month šhr %=8 Dune yunyu L C

year $am 0م Duly yulyu& , Cز

Danuary yanayr %C 7C *ugust )ušt K@|)

'ebruary fbrayr %Cا %1? eptember šutnbir %17;8)arch mars & رس Sctober oktobr %E ;B )

*pril abril oC%E :oember nuwanbir %1L L)

ay may & ي Hecember du%anbir %17Jد)

Te Seasons

season faṣl o•? summer ṣṣif A •,ا

seasons foṣul (?• ل fall lxrif AC%3,ا

spring rrbi $ t E%,ا winter ššta ;@,ا

T$"e 5.press$ons

this year had l $am Fg I,اlast year l $am lli fat ? ا,/>ا, Iمlast month ššhr lli fat ? ا,/>ا,@=%last wee% ssimana lli fatt 4L 5 +,ا


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## • Moroccan Arab$c

on 'riday nhar %%m $a ا,‚ =L4I5رin (T month) f šhr %=8ف

in *ugustf šhr )ušt

f šhr tmnya(|@ %=8Kفف

%=84

75m

at (T time) f ف

at M6JJ f tts $ud ا,;+ Iفat dawn f lf%r ا, %‚lفin the morning f ṣṣbaн ا,•# 1فin the afternoon / eening f l $šiya ا,4 @Iفat night f llil ا,/ o فat midnight f nṣllil ا,/ †Lo ف

Past Tense = >egular erbs'erbs $n ,eneral

+hen !earning verbs in a foreign !anguage) we usua!!- !earn the ,infinitive for# of the verb He.g. toeat) and then !earn how to ,con/ugate fro# that infinitive HI eat) he eats) the- eat. In Arabic) thereare not infinitives for verbs in this wa-. ?ather) we !earn the “he” form of the verb Hi.e. third person#ascu!ine singu!ar in the past tense) and then !earn how to con/ugate the other for#s HI) -ou) she) etc.fro# the ,he for#. Because we use this past tense ,he for# like an infinitive for the purposes of!earning verbs) if -ou see so#ething referred to as an ,infinitive) it is this for#. So#e ea#p!esE

he dran% šrb %8بhe hit ḍrb …% بhe sat "ls f/ƒ

+henever -ou are given a new verb in this boo2 or b- -our teacher) it wi!! be given to -ou in this for#. 'ou wi!! be ab!e to con/ugate verbs in the past or present tense based upon this ,infinitive for#.

The vast #a/orit- of &ari/a HMoroccan Arabic verbs are #ade up of three letters Hsee the verbs above.To these ,ste#s we can add prefies H!etters that we attach to the beginning of a word and suffiesH!etters we attach to the end of a word in order to con/ugate the verb. Ste#s with a vowe! in the #idd!eand ste#s with a vowe! at the end wi!! differ fro# verbs with three consonants.

e-ular 'erbs $n te Past Tense

+hen we sa- ,regu!ar verb) we #ean a verb that is con/ugated according to ru!es that the !arge#a/orit- of verbs in the !anguage use. An ,irregu!ar verb is con/ugated according to different ru!es.There are regu!ar and irregu!ar verbs for both the past and present tense in &ari/a. 9owever) irregu!ar verbs that are si#i!ar in the past #a- be different in the present. So) -ou need to rea!iJe that thegroups of verbs categoriJed together for the past tense #a- not a!wa-s correspond to the groups in thepresent tense.

In genera!) ,regu!ar verb refers toE

· A!! !etter verbs without the !ong vowe! ,a H /ا in the #idd!e or end position

Hi.e. !etter verbs #ade up on!- of consonants· A!! verbs with #ore than !etters and not ending in ,a H /ا

To con/ugate a regu!ar verb in the past tense) we add the fo!!owing suffies HendingsE

“to write” ktb ~;B

. wrote ktbt K1;B

past tense,he for#E

!i2e an infinitive

?e#e#ber thatthe ,infinitive is

the sa#e as thepast tense ,hefor#.

In the pasttense, you.masc/ andyou .0em/

are the same.In the presenttense, they #ill

be different.


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Peace Corps / Morocco • #<

you wrote (masc sing) ktbti


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7assan: '"ls( m $a l $a*ila dyaliu 'tkllm( m $ahum šwiya.mn b $d, Iнna'xr%(.mlli 'r% $(, 'l $b(lkarṭa u 'tfrr%( fttlfa&a. mn b $d Iana

'dxl( l lbit dyali u 'n$s(.

( 7t& f/ƒ4/‘ I,ا& 4C 8FIE17 6J %n 7h & 'klف 6 J onد L

K

1,ا

+h6

lнdd lli fat, '$awn( xti f lku&ina:')sl( lmma $n u 'ṭiyb( l)da.

F ( G,ا


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to fast ṣam م

2 to be scared xaf ف

nto drie ṣa"

گ

2 to lie $aš ش

0

So#e ea#p!esE

0his morning . got up at L6JJ had ṣṣbaн nḍt f ssb $a. Fg# 1•,اK}L4I1+,ا 8hat did you do yesterday9 šnu drti lbarн?

78

Exercise: Put the erbs in parentheses in the correct for#.

ssimana lli fatt, ana u ṣнabi '$am(f la66isin.

4L

5

+,ا

& 0ش6

nhar ssbt f l $šiya, ana u ṣнabati'kan( f lнmmam. mlli xr%na 'da&( ll$hwa.

L


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to ta%e xda Fnى to meet tla$a Œs*m

to come %a J

So#e ea#p!esE

Fast unday, . went to the

medina and bought a ellaba

lнdd lli fat, mšit l

lmdina u šrit %llaba.

F ( G,ا

0

5‚&

ssimana lli fatt, huma 'sala( lxdmadyalhum f lm)rib.

4L

5

+,ا


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So"e twoletter :erbs

to close sdd F ( 6 to be able $dd F ( s

to smell šmm - ( 8 to pic% up h&& k ( g

to hand mdd F ( & to thin% ḍnn > ( …to answer /return bac%

rdd ر)د to be bored mll o ( &

to pour kbb ~ ( B to ta%e / catch šdd F ( 8

to feel нss f ( h to pull / drag %rr % ( J

to put нṭṭ ” ( h

So#e ea#p!esE

. opened the window and .

closed the door

нllit ssr%m u sddit

lbab.

K

/ ( h-J%+,ا

KCF ( 6 1,ا

. felt cold нssit b lbrd. K

+ ( h %1,ا

Exercise: Put the erbs in parentheses in the correct for#.lbarн f ṣṣbaн, Mary 'rdd( lktab llxi&ana.

#ر

1,ا

#

1•,را

&7 6 ;.,ا ا, k3ا4Lر)د

mlli kan l $%a%, Iana 'sdd( ssra%m.


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Peace Corps / Morocco •


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+h 8hy did you leae us with him9 $laš xllitina m $ah? &*0 7 ; / ( n9Ž Iشhe saw me at the moietheater

šaftni f s9sinima.


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Peace Corps / Morocco • 7&

8here did you come from9 mnin %iti? > 7&9


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&FIE kbb ~ ( B mša Œ@&l9нdd lli fat F ( G,ا


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%ail+ >outinesObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• talk about your daily activities using the present tense• use one verb after another to express complex thoughts• give commands with the imperative

Present Tense = >egular erbs

Present Tense $n ,eneralIn Arabic) the present tense nor#a!!- epresses both habitua! and progressive actions.

habitual action: I eat couscous every Friday.progressive action: I am eating couscous now.

"or a s#a!! nu#ber of verbs) the present tense epresses on!- habitua! actions Hsee page 151 for #oreinfor#ation on these verbs.

3n!i2e the past tense) which uses on!- suffies Hendings to con/ugate a verb) the present tense usesboth suffixes and prefixes. The present tense prefi is written with ka H ـ B and another !etter Hn) t) or y.Present tense suffies Hi or u #a- be added as we!!.

e-ular 'erbs $n te Present Tense

:erbs that were regu!ar in the past tense are sti!! regu!ar in the present tense. In addition to these)

twoletter verbs are also regular in the present tense. Therefore) the- wi!! be con/ugated !i2e ktb H~;Bin the present tense. See page 51 for #ore infor#ation on twoC!etter verbs.

9ere is the con/ugation of the verb ktb in the present tense) with prefies and suffies under!inedE

“to write” ktb ~;B

. write kan9ktb ~;.7B

you write (masc sing) kat9ktb ~;.;B

you write (fem sing) kat9ktbi


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B • Moroccan Arab$c

8hat do you do on aturdays9 šnu katdir nhar ssbt? 78 %CF;B =L9K1+,ا

Exercise: %escribe in the present tense the following actiities.šnu kaydir katdir kaydiru?

78 %CF

B/ %CF;B/9و %CF B

3rd Cate-oryI Eon- )a* e"a$ns Eon- )a*

In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a Hا re#ains the sa#e) without an- changes) with the sa#e prefiesand suffies as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.

“to spend the night” bat Eت

. spend the night kanbat 17Bت

you spend the night(masc sing)

katbat ت

1;B

you spend the night(fem sing) katbati


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Present Tense = Irregular erbs with "inal *a,$ow we change our focus fro# verbs with a !ong vowe! a Hا in the #idd!e of the verb to those with a!ong vowe! a Hى at the end of the verb.

8st Cate-oryI Eon- )a* eco"es Eon- )$*

In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a Hى

changes to the !ong vowe! i Hي

) with the sa#e prefies andsuffies as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.

“to run” %ra %Jى

. run kan%ri %‚7Bي

you run (masc sing) kat%ri %‚;Bي

you run (fem sing) kat%ri %‚;Bي

he runs kay%ri %‚ Bي

she runs kat%ri %‚;Bي

we run kan%riu C%‚7B

you run (plur) kat%riu C%‚;B

they run kay%riu C%‚ B

'erbs l$=e );ra*

to build bna Œ7E to go mša Œ@&

to buy šra %8ى to pray ṣlla Œ/ ( 2

to cry bka Œ.E to li%e / loe b)a ŒpE

to clean n$$a Œ{ ( L to show wrra و)رى

to come %a J to sing )nna Œ7 ( |

to fold ṭwa vى to smo%e kma Œ5B

to fry $la Œ/s to teach $rra % ( sى

to finish sala Œ, 6 to turn off ṭfa Œlv

So#e ea#p!esE

;assan sings (is singing) in theshower

7assan kay)nni f dduš. >+h


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78 %CF

B/ %CF;B/9و %CF B

9nd Cate-oryI Eon- )a* e"a$ns Eon- )a*In this categor-) the !ong vowe! a Hى re#ains the sa#e) without an- changes) with the sa#e prefiesand suffies as regu!ar verbs in the present tense.

“to read / study” $ra %sى

. read kan$ra %{7Bى

you read (masc sing) kat$ra %{;Bى

you read (fem sing) kat$ray %{;Bاي

he reads kay$ra %{ Bى

she reads kat$ra %{;Bى

we read kan$rau %{7Bاو

you read (plur) kat$rau %{;Bاو

they read kay$rau %{ Bاو

'erbs l$=e )ra*

to forget nsa Œ+L to defy tнdda F ( Gmى

to find l$a Œ{, to eat lunch t)dda F ( pmى

to hope tmnna Œ7 ( 5m to eat dinner t $šša Œ@ ( Im

to meet tla$a Œs*m to be cured bra %Eى

to go shopping t$dda F ( {mى to be finished tsala Œ, +m

to wal% around tsara +mرى to ta%e care(of)

thlla 'f( * ( =m6 )

So#e ea#p!esE


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'rom time to time we eat dinnerat the restaurant

mrra mrra kant $ššau frrisṭora.

'% ( &'% ( & @ ( I;7B'ر r+C%,ا

. don$t go shopping eery day ma9kant$dda9š kul yum.

&ا

F ( {;7BoB) C ;ow many boo%s do you read in

a month9

šнal mn ktab kat$ra f

ššhr? ا,@= G8>& ;B %{;B9%ل


78 %CF

B/ %CF;B/9و %CF B

3rd Cate-oryI 'erb ?as Lnternal Can-es

Two verbs in Moroccan Arabic are con/ugated in the present tense b- changing their interna! structurein addition to adding the nor#a! prefies and suffies.

“to eat” kla Œ/B

. eat kanakul oB) 7B

you eat (masc sing) katakul oB) ;B

you eat (fem sing) katakuli


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you eat (plur) kataklu /B ;B

they eat kayaklu /B B

Anoter 'erb l$=e )=la*

to ta%e xda Fnى

So#e ea#p!esE

Eery 'riday we eat couscous kul %m $a kanaklu ksksu. oB)4I5J /B 7B +.+B he ta%es medicine before shegoes to bed

kataxud ddwa $blma tn $s. Fn) ;BوF,اo1s &fI7m

Exercise: %escribe in the present tense the following actiities.

šnu kaydir katdir kaydiru? 78 %CF B/ %CF;B/9و %CF B


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Peace Corps / Morocco • <

!sing 7ne erb after AnotherSo#eti#es) we wi!! want to use one verb direct!- after another. This is true in 4ng!ishE

I want to read.He likes to cook.We forgot to call you. She began to study yesterday.

As the ea#p!es show) in 4ng!ish we use the infinitive after a verb Hto read) to coo2) to ca!!) to stud-.

But in Arabic) as -ou reca!!) there isn@t actua!!- an infinitive for verbs Hsee page =


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• Moroccan Arab$c

The I#peratieThe i#perative is used to give co##andsE Go to the store Open the window Study Arabic Thepositive i#perative te!!s so#eone to do so#ething) the negative i#perative te!!s so#eone not to doso#ething.

The positive i#perative is for#ed b- dropping both the ka H . and the prefi t Hت fro# the singu!arand p!ura! ,-ou for#s of the present tense. In the fo!!owing tab!e) a!! the ea#p!es are eua! to the4ng!ish co##and) ,Write!

"resent Tense 2mperati#e

you (masc sing) kat9ktb ~;.;B ktb ~;Byou (fem sing) kat9ktbi


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. ')sl( w%hi u snan, mn b $d 'fiy$( ddrari. ( 7&FIE7 6 ( ? راري

F,ا

C. ana 'naḍ( f :2B. L 7 L2I3Bض6

3. f l $šiya 't$dda( wlla 'xmml( ḍ9ḍar. ف

4 ( @I,ا7 6D( و F ( {m7ى ا,Fا6 o5 ( n

. ana 'xdm( нtta l 0:BB mn b $d 't)dda(.

L 7 6Œ; ( h Fn8IBB>&FIE6F ( pmم )

+. 'w%d( lfṭur. ( 7 rl,ا FJوE. нna 't $šša( m%mu $in.

7h7 6> 0 5‚& Œ@ ( Im 7. ana 'n $s( )aliban f 00:BB.

L 7 6€ 1, | fIL88IBB

F. ana 'šdd( ṭṭubis f N:BB baš 'mša( lxdma.

L 7 6f E r,ا F ( 8IBB E7 6Œ@&

4&F3,اJ. ddrari 'n $s( f N:BB.

راري

F,7ا 6fILIBB

Exercise: )rite a paragraph out of each set of pictures.

Te.t

kifaš katduw& nnhar?-usan mutaṭawi $a m $a hay*at ssalam. kulnhar katfi$ bkri u kat%ri. mn b $dkatduwš u katfṭr. dima f ṣṣbaн katxdmнtta l 00:2B. mlli katsali, katr% $ lḍ9ḍar. katw%%d lmakla u katt)dda. f l$šiya katt$dda u b $ḍlmrrat katla$a ṣ нabhawlla katmši l ssiber. f llil katt $šša udima kat$ra $bl ma t9n $s.

ش

l

Bا, =7ر(F;B9و

زان

640„ r;&)t&4u g 1oB) =L l;Bا,+*م

ي

%.E 1>& د(F;B 1 5Cو %‚;BFIEي %rl;B F3;BŒ; ( h88I3B 1


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CargainingObjective: By the end of the chapter, you will be able to:• bargain for basic items, such as clothing• describe the colors of items• use masculine, feminine, and plural adjectives correctly

• describe differences between objects using the comparative and superlative

Cargaining,eneral ar-a$n$n- Lnfor"at$on

In Morocco) bargaining is a part of !ife. It can so#eti#es be tiring for peop!e not used to it) but withso#e cu!tura! and !anguage s2i!!s) it can beco#e #uch easier. So#e infor#ation about bargaining cana!so #a2e the process si#p!er.

"irst of a!!) -ou need to 2now what ite#s shou!d be bargained for) and what ite#s nor#a!!- have fiedprices) even for Moroccans. This is not a!wa-s eas- to deter#ine) since the p!ace where -ou bu- so#ethings #a- deter#ine whether the price is fied or not. "or ea#p!e) so#e ite#s that are so!d at fied

prices in a нanut He.g. !aundr- soap) vegetab!es) eggs #a- be bargained for in the sou2 or fro# a street vendor. As2 -our host fa#i!- or watch other Moroccans in order to find out. 9ere are so#e genera!guide!ines for whether prices are fied or notE

>sually ar-a$ned @or Seldo" ar-a$ned @or

• an- artic!e of c!othing

• an- househo!d or 2itchen utensi!) app!iance)

or furniture

• rent for a house or apart#ent

• tai fares on unscheduled runs

• anything bought in a sou2 He.g. grains in bu!2)

ani#a!s) rugs) etc.• an-thing bought fro# a street vendor who

has no regu!ar shop

• petit tai fares if the meter does not work

• an-thing used or secondhand

• do#estic he!p and services H#aid) p!u#ber)e!ectrician) etc. &eter#ine the price before

the wor2 is done.

• things which are !itera!!- bought ever- da-E#int) pars!e-) bread) coriander

• refi!! on a butagas

• cigarettes and a!coho!

• #ea!s or beverages in restaurants

• bus fares between schedu!ed stops

• tai fares on regu!ar runs• pricecontro!!ed stap!e foodsE sugar) oi!) tea)

f!our) #i!2) butter) etc.

• an-thing bought in a phar#ac-

• #eat and vegetab!es) if the price per 2i!o isposted

• schoo! supp!ies

It is a!so good to be aware of so#e of the standard tactics that are used between the bu-er and the se!!er

in Morocco. If -ou watch Moroccans) -ou wi!! see #an- of these.Te uyers Tact$cs Te Sellers Tact$cs

• not showing too #uch enthusias# for bu-ing • not showing too #uch enthusias# for se!!ing

• wa!2ing awa- when the se!!er has na#ed the,!owest price

• turning awa- when the bu-er has na#ed the,highest price

• pointing out defects in the #erchandise • noting the superior ua!it- in the #erchandise

• uoting a !ower price for an identica! ite# inanother shop

• insisting that goods in other shops are not ofthe sa#e ua!it-

• c!ai#ing not to have enough #one- to #eet these!!erNs ,!owest price

• c!ai#ing that in se!!ing at the bu-er@s ,highestprice he wou!d be ta2ing a !oss


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• co#p!i#enting or f!attering the se!!er Hon hisshop) #erchandise) chi!dren) friend!iness

• co#p!i#enting or f!attering the bu-er Hon hisor her !anguage abi!it-) friend!iness) epertisein bargaining

Te uyers Tact$cs Te Sellers Tact$cs

• acting insu!ted b- the se!!er@s price • acting insu!ted b- the bu-er@s offer

• arguing that the difference between these!!er@s price and the price offered is insignificantFi.e. the se!!er shou!d co#e

down to the offered price

• arguing that the difference between the bu-er@sprice and his price is insignificant and the bu-er shou!d co#e up

• pu!!ing out oneNs #one- as if the offered pricehas been agreed upon

• wrapping up the purchase as if the as2ing pricehas been agreed upon

+hen -ou are !oo2ing to bu- an ite# that -ou 2now -ou wi!! have to bargain for) there are a few thingsthat -ou shou!d probab!- tr- to avoid. These inc!udeE

• showing too #uch interest in) or too great a need for) a particu!ar ite#• carr-ing !arge su#s of #one-) carr-ing epensive) previous!-bought ite#s) !oo2ing !i2e a tourist• having no idea what an ite# is rea!!- worth) or what is a fair price for that t-pe of ite#

• being in a hurr- • bu-ing with a guide Hhe gets a percentage of what -ou pa-

A!wa-s be prepared to pa- a price -ou have na#ed. &o not get too far into bargaining for so#ething if -ou do not intend to bu- it. If -ou are not c!ear on the currenc- in which -ou are bargaining Hi.e. r-a!s)proceed s!ow!-. In the end) don@t !et a bargaining scenario ruin -our da-. Most of us go unbothered b-the so#eti#es huge #ar2ups on bigCtic2et ite#s in A#erica) -et we can be easi!- frustrated b- aMoroccan #erchant who #a2es an etra do!!ar or two off of us. ?e#e#ber that one@s peace of #ind is worth so#ething) too.

ar-a$n$n- 5.press$ons

.t$s too e5pensieR )ali b&&afG 5وب

. won$t add een a ryal ma9n9&id нtta ryal. &FCkLŒ; ( h Cر

.$ll add nothing ma9n9&id walu. &FCkL ,او

.t$s too much for me b&&af $liya. k ( E5m9ل G8

;ow much will . get it for9 bšнal t9xllih 'ha(? G@EH / ( 3m7ل 69 g

0hat$s what . hae (money)R had šši lli $ndiG Fg


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2B

224993154 Moroccan Arabic Word

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